Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Chilean Context
Energy Policy:
New Guidelines
Crisis
Origin Measures Outcomes
Context
200,000
150,000
100,000
OIL DERIVATIVES ELECTRICITY NATURAL GAS BIOMASS OTHERS COAL
259.152 TCal
50,000
Evolution of Primary Energy Consumption with respect to GDP, NEC 2007 & Central Bank
Consumption is concentrated in the following sectors: Transport (35%), Commercial, Public and Residential (25%) and Industrial (23%).
9.603 MW 72%
SIC
33,5 MW 0,3% 64,7 MW 0,5% Regulated clients 100% Regulated clients 100%
Projections indicate that without energy efficiency the consumption in 20 years will grow more than three times
1,000,000
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
Other Aviation kerosene Coke and tar Natural Gas Gasoline Liquid gas Firewood Coal Electricity Oil fuels Diesel
End-consumption of energy is projected to grow by an average of 5.4% every year until 2030
Importation Production
In the primary balance of Chile, the level of imports is equivalent to 68% of consumption
Crude oil
Natural Gas
Coal
July
July
July
July
July
July
July
Jan
Jan
Jan
Jan
Jan
Jan
Jan
Oct
Oct
Oct
Oct
Apr
Oct
Apr
Apr
Apr
Apr
Oct
Primary Consumption 2007 & Evolution of international prices for hydrocarbons, NEC
Oct
Apr
Apr
This dependence exposes us to risks for all uses including the electricity sector
SIC-SING Installed Capacity (Dec 2008) & Gas Restrictions from Argentina (% of normal requirements), NEC
Gas represents 36% of the installed capacity and there is only one supplier
Hydro generation represents 52.3% of the installed capacity of the SIC, which serves 94% of the population
Ralco 640 MW
Evolution of installed capacity (SIC+SING), historic data of CDEC updated to 2006, NEC
Several years in the last decade that the projects did not reach significant levels
Gg (1000 ton)
Year
Energy Industrial processes Agriculture FCUS Balance Waste
Chile generates 0.3% of global CO2 emissions. However, some studies project a 130% increase by 2050 as a result of coal-fired power plants
Coral reefs and mangroves seriously threatened by warmer SST. Mangroves will probably disappear from low-lying coastlines in the worst scenario of a rise in sea level. Amazon: Loss of 43% of 60 tree species by end of 21st century; eastern part will become savannah. Cerrado: 2C increase in temperatures will cause a loss of 24% of 138 species of trees. Reduction in land for coffee cultivation. Increase in aridity and scarcity of water resources. Marked increase in extinction of mammals, birds, butterflies, frogs and reptiles by 2050. Severe decrease in water availability and hydroelectric generation resulting from glacier reduction. Destruction of the ozone and skin cancer. Severe land degradation and desertification. Coast of Rio de la Plata threatened by the swell during storms and rising sea levels. Increase in vulnerability to extreme meteorological phenomena.
Climate change will mean lower precipitation, less snow and more frequent El Nio / La Nia phenomena with impacts particularly in the central-south of Chile
Crisis
Drought
Pluviometric anomaly, Santiago region-Concepcin Period: January-December
Increase in costs