Gravity and Circular Motion Practice

Name ________________

You will need the data below to answer some of the questions: MEarth = ! "#$% &' M(un = $ ! "#)# m *Earth = +% ! "# m Earth , (un distance = "+- ! "#"" m " Year = ) -+$- .ays "+ /hat is the force of 'ravity between two " &' masses which are $ meters a0art1 $+ /hat is the force of 'ravity between two 0rotons which are " an'strom a0art1 2" an'strom = " ! "#3"# meters+ 4he mass of a 0roton is on your reference tables+5 )+ (&etch a 'ra0h of the force of 'ravity between two ob6ects7 and the distance between them+ %+ 4he force of 'ravity between two masses is 8+ /hat will be the force between them if9 a+ 4he distance between them tri0les1 b+ :ne of the masses doubles1 c+ ;oth masses tri0le1 -+ 4he force of 'ravity between the Earth and a (atellite is $## Newtons+ 4he satellite is a distance of * from the center of the Earth+ a+ /hat would the force of 'ravity be if the distance from the satellite to the center of the Earth tri0les1 b+ <ow far would the satellite have to be moved so that the force would be -# Newtons1 + = -## &' car is travelin' at a constant s0eed of " m>s in a circle with a radius of %# meters7 as shown below+

a+ .raw arrows 2labeled v, a and F5 to show the velocity7 acceleration and force on the car at the moment shown+ b+ 8ind the acceleration of the car and the force on the car+

?+ = roc& is swun' in a circle at the end of a strin'+ /hat will ha00en to the acceleration of the roc& if: a+ 4he len'th of the strin' is doubled1 b+ 4he s0eed is doubled1 @+ /hat is the minimum coefficient of friction to &ee0 a car of mass m travelin' in a circle with a radius of )# meters at a s0eed of "$ m>s1 A+ = #+##$ &' bu' is on a turntable7 a distance of #+$ meters from the center+ 4he coefficient of friction between the bu' and the turn table is #+$+ /hat is the ma!imum s0eed of the bu' on the turntable7 before it be'ins to slide off1 "#+ /hat is the force of 'ravity between the Earth and a $## &' satellite located -##7### m above the surface of the Earth1 24he radius of the Earth is +% ! "# meters+5 ""+ 4he force of 'ravity on a mass at the EarthBs surface is 8+ /hat will the force be if the mass is raised to a distance of " EarthBs radius above the EarthBs surface1 "$+ /hat must be the s0eed of a satellite which is to orbit the Earth at a distance of % ! "#? meters from the center of the Earth1 ")+ Csin' the data above7 find9 a+ 4he force of 'ravity on the Earth due to the (un+ b+ 4he force of 'ravity on the (un due to the Earth+ c+ 4he acceleration of the Earth+ d+ 4he acceleration of the (un+ "%+ = 0lanet of mass mp orbits a star with a mass of ms at a distance of r+ /hat is the s0eed of the 0lanet in terms of mp, ms and r+ "-+ Cse the followin' data above solve the 0roblem+ a+ Csin' the distance the Earth travels in a year7 and the time it ta&es to find the s0eed of the Earth around the sun+ b+ Csin' the force of 'ravity and the centri0etal force7 find the s0eed of the Earth around the sun+ 2Your answers to 0arts a and b should be the same+5 " + = race trac& has curves with radii of curvature of $-# meters+ 4he cars will have a velocity of %# m>s as they round the curves+ You must desi'n the racetrac& so that the cars will not slide off the trac&+ /hat is the minimum coefficient of friction on your trac&1 "?+ 4he coefficient of friction on a curve with a radius of -# meters is #+-+ /hat is the ma!imum s0eed a car can ta&e around the curve without sli00in'1

"@+ = satellite is desi'ned to orbit the 0lanet Du0iter at a distance of "+% ! "#@ meters from the center of the 0lanet+ 4he mass of Du0iter is "+A ! "#$? &'+ /hat must be the s0eed of the satellite in order to travel in a circular orbit1 "A+ = 0lanet is discovered to orbit a star at a distance of " ! "#"" meters at a s0eed of "##7### m>s+ /hat is the mass of the star1 $#+ = 0roton 2m0 = "+ ? ! "#3$? &'5 and an electron 2me = A+"" ! "#3)" &'5 are se0arated by a distance of $ an'stroms+ 2" an'strom = "!"#3"# meters5 a+ /hat is the force of 'ravity on the 0roton due to the electron1 b+ /hat is the force of 'ravity on the electron due to the 0roton1 c+ /hat is the acceleration of the 0roton1 d+ /hat is the acceleration of the electron1 $"+ /hat is the force of 'ravity on a $## &' satellite located a distance of -##7### meters above the surface of the Earth1 2MEarth = ! "#$% &'7 rEarth = +% ! "# meters5 $$+ 4he force of 'ravity between two ob6ects is "## Newtons+ /hat will be the force of 'ravity between them if the distance between them is doubled1 $)+ 4he force of 'ravity on an ob6ect at the surface of the Earth is 8+ /hat will be the force of 'ravity on the ob6ect if it is moved to a distance of one earthBs radius above the surface of the Earth1 $%+ = -## &' car is travelin' in a circle with a radius of )# meters at a constant s0eed of "# m>s7 as shown+

a+ .raw arrows 2labeled v, a and F5 to show the velocity7 acceleration and force on the car at the moment shown+ b+ 8ind the acceleration of the car and the force on the car+

$-+ = car travelin' in a circle e!0eriences an acceleration of =+ /hat will be its acceleration if: a+ 4he radius of the circle tri0les1 b+ 4he velocity of the car doubles1 $ + = roller coaster desi'ner wants the ma!imum acceleration the riders will e!0erience to be )'+ Ef the s0eed of the roller coaster travelin' in a horiFontal circle is $# m>s7 what is the smallest radius of curvature for the roller coaster trac&1 $?+ = #+$ &' roc& is swun' in a circle with a radius of #+?- meters+ Ef the tension in the strin' is "# Newtons7 what is the velocity of the roc&1 $@+ = car with a mass of -## &' is drivin' in a horiFontal circle with a radius of )# meters at a velocity of "$ m>s$+ /hat is the minimum coefficient of friction that will &ee0 the car travelin' in a circle without slidin'1 $A+ 4he coefficient of friction between a circular trac& and the tires of a car is #+ + Ef the trac& has a radius of )# m7 what is the ma!imum s0eed the car can travel if it is to stay on the trac& without sli00in'1 )#+ /hat is the minimum s0eed for a $## &' satellite to orbit the Earth at a distance of $ ! "#? meters from the center of the Earth1 24he mass of the Earth is ! "#$% &'+5 )"+ = 0lanet orbits a star at a distance of $ ! "#"" meters with a velocity of %#7### m>s+ /hat is the mass of the star1 )$+ /hat is the force of 'ravity between $ 0rotons which are " an'strom a0art1 24he mass of a 0roton is "+ ? ! "#3$?&'7 " an'strom = "#3"# meters5 /hat is the acceleration of each 0roton1 ))+ 4he force of 'ravity between two masses is -# N+ /hat will be the force of 'ravity between them if9 a+ :ne of the masses doubles1 b+ 4he distance between them is G as lar'e1 c+ ;oth of the masses double and the distance between them doubles1

)%+ 4he dia'ram below shows a #+" &' mass bein' swun' in a circle with a radius of #+% meters at a velocity of - m>s+ a+ .raw in arrows re0resentin' the force7 acceleration and velocity of the mass+ b+ <ow lon' will it ta&e to com0lete one revolution1 c+ /hat is the acceleration of the mass1 d+ /hat is the tension in the strin'1

)-+ = car with a mass of -## &' is at the to0 of a circular hill with a radius of %# meters7 as shown+ a+ .raw a free body dia'ram of the car+ b+ /rite an equation of motion 28net5 for the car+ c+ Ef the velocity of the car is "- m>s$7 what is the normal force on the car1 d+ /hat is the velocity of the car if it 6ust leaves the 'round1

) + /hat is the acceleration of 'ravity on a 0lanet that has a radius twice as lar'e as the Earth7 and a mass ) times as lar'e1 )?+ = 0lanet is discovered orbitin' a star at a distance of " ! "#"" meters once every "-# days+ 8ind the mass of the star+

)@+ = roller coaster car of mass m travels around a circular loo0 of hei'ht h7 as shown+ a+ .raw a free3body dia'ram of the car at the to0 of the loo0+ b+ /rite an equation of motion 28net5 for the car at the to0 of the loo0+ c+ 8ind the minimum velocity for the car to stay on the loo0 in terms of ' and h+ d+ .raw a free body dia'ram for the car at the bottom of the loo0+ e+ /rite an equation of motion for the car at the bottom of the loo0+