L1 ELECTRICITY

MCQ
1]D.COPPER WIRE
2]B.ELECTR CIRCUIT
3]C. PAPER
4].C.BATTERY
5]C.STOVE
TRUE OR FALSE
1]RUBBER IS AN ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR FALSE
2].ELECTRICITY IS NOT REQUIRED TO SWITCH ON A RADIO FALSE
3]. IN TORCH BULB GLOWS WITH THE HELP OF ELECTRIC BATTERY TRUE
4]A BULB GLOWS WHEN OPEN END OF THE SAFETY PIN. OF THE SWITCH
COMES IN CONTACT WITH PUSH PIN TRUE
5].WHEN SWITCH IS IN OFF STATE AT THAT TIME THERE IS OPEN CIRCUIT
CONDITION TRUE
Q3 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
Q1. WHAT IS ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ?
A1. ELECTIC CIRCUIT IS THE PATH ALONG WHICH ELECTRIC CURRENT
FLOWS.
Q2. WHAT IS CLOSED CIRCUIT?
A2. IF BOTH THE ENDS OF A BULB ARE CONNECTED TO BOTH THE ENDS OF
A CELL WITH THE HELP OF CONDUCTING WIRES.IT IS CALLED CLOSED
CIRCUIT.
Q3. WHAT IS OPEN CIRCUIT?
A3. IF ANY END OF THE WIRE EITHER OF A BULB OR CELL IS
DISCONNECTED IN A CIRCUIT IS CALLED OPEN CIRCUIT.
Q4. WHAT IS SWITCH?
ANS. A SWITCH IS A DEVICE WHICH DOES NOT COMPLETE THE ELECTRIC
CIRCUIT IN NORMAL (OFF) STATE and completes the electric circuit in conducting
(ON) state.
Q5. WHAT IS ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR?
A5. THE OBJECT THROUGH WHICH ELECTRIC CURRENT CAN PASS
THROUGH IS CALLED ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR.
Q6WHAT IS ELECTRIC INSULATOR?

A.6 THE OBJECT TROUGH WHICH ELECTRIC CURRENT CANNOT PASS IS

CALLED ELECTRIC INSULATOR.
EX4. CLASSIFY
1. ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS- LEAD OF PENCIL,IRON NAIL,COPPER WIRE,
ALUMINIUM ROD.
2. ELECTRIC INSULATORS- RUBBER,WOOD, PLASTIC SCALE, REFIIL OF
A PEN.
EX5. ANS IN DETAIL.
Q1. EXPLAIN SIMPLE CIRCUIT WITH DIAGRAM.
A1. WHEN BOTH THE ENDS OF CELL ARE CONNECTED WITH TWO ENDS OF
THE BULB BY A CONDUCTING WIRE ,THE ELECTRIC CIRCUIT SO FORMED
IS CALLED AS SIMPLE ELECTRIC CIRCUIT . IN A SIMPLE CIRCUIT , ONE
CELL , TWO CONDUCTING WIRES AND A LIGHT BULB ARE USED . WHEN
THE SIMPLE ELECTRIC CIRCUIT IS CLOSED , THE BULB LIGHTS UP. IF ANY
END OF THE WIRE OF THE CELL OR BULB IS DISCONNECTED, THEN THE
CLOSED ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BECOMES AN OPEN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT THE
LIGHT BULB DOES NOT LIGHT UP IN THE OPEN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT.
Q2. EXPLAIN FUSE ASSEMBLY WITH DIAGRAM.
A2. FUSE IS SEEN IN THE ELECTRIC CIRCUIT IN THE HOUSE, IN ADDITION
TO SWITCH BULB,TUBELIGHT ETC. IN EACH FUSE A SMALL,THIN SPECIAL
TYPE OF CONDUCTING WIRE IS USED, WHICH CAN MELT EASILY, WHEN
MORE CURRENT PASSES THROUGH IT ELECTIC CIRCUIT INCREASES
BEYOND CERTAIN LIMIT,THE FUSE CONNECTED IN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
IMMEDIATELY MELTS AND OPENS THE CIRCUIT AND STOPS THE CURRENT
FLOWING IN THE CIRCUIT. HENCE ACCIDENT CAN BE AVOIDED.
Q3. EXPLAIN M.C.B.
A3. M.C.B. ARE USED FOR THE PROTECTION FOR SHORT CIRCUITS IN
ELECTRIC CIRCUITS AT HOME OR OFFICES. IT HAS A FUNCTION LIKE MAIN
SWITCH M.C.B. IMMEDIATELY SWITCHES OFF WHEN SHORT CIRCUITS
TAKE PLACE.
Q4.WHAT IS VAMPIRE POWER?
A4. MANY TIMES APPLIANCES LIKE T.V. OR COMPUTERS ARE SWITCHED
OFF USING REMOTE SETS INSTEAD OF MECHANICAL SWITCHES
INSTRUMENTS LIKE MOBILES CAN BE KEPT WITH PLUG CONNECTED EVEN
AFTER COMPLETE CHARGING. IN THESE CASES, APPLIANCES USE THE
POWER AND IT IS A WASTE OF ELECTRIC ENERGY THAT IS KNOWN AS
VAMPIRE POWER.

Q5. WHICH PRECAUTIONS SHOULD BE TAKEN WHILE USING ELECTRONIC

APPLIANCES?
A5. 1) DO NOT CONNECT WIRES DIRECTLY IN THE PLUG. 2) USE
INSULATING TAPE WHILE CONNECTING TWO ENDS OF WIRES. 3) DO NOT
TOUCH THE ELECTRIC SWITCH WITH WET HANDS. 4) DO NOT TRY TO
CATCH THE THREAD OF THE KITE HANGING FROM ELECTRIC POLE.
L.2 LEVER
MCQ
1]A. LONG HANDLED BROOM.
2.]A.TYPE-1.
3].C. THREE
4]. C. TYPE-3
5].C. SCISSORS
6]. B. TYPE-2
7]. B. LOAD END
8].B. COMPLEX
9]. B. EFFORT
10]. B. TYPE-2
EX-2 DEFINE
1. LEVER- A STRONG ROD WHICH CAN MOVE WITH FORCE AROUND
POINT OF SUPPORT IS KNOWN AS LEVER.
2. FULCRUM- THE POINT WHICH RESPECT TO WHICH ROD CAN MOVE
FREELY IS CALLED FULCRUM.
3. EFFORT-THE FORCE APPLIED AT ONE OF THE ENDS OF THE LEVER
TO DO WORK IS KNOWN AS EFFORT.
4.DISTANCE OF EFFORTS-THE DISTANCE FROM EFFORT TO FULCRUM IS
KNOWN AS DISTANCE OF EFFORT.
5. DISTANCE OF LOAD- DISTANCE FROM FULCRUM TO THE LOAD IS
KNOWN AS DISTANCE OF LOAD.
6. LOAD END-THE END OF THE LEVER WITH WHICH WORK IS DONE IS
KNOWN AS LOAD END.
EX-3 ANS IN ONE SENTENCE
Q1. WHAT ARE CALLED SIMPLE MACHINES?
A1. A DEVICE BY WHICH WORK CAN BE DONE EASILY,WITH LESS EFFORT
AND QUICKLY IS CALLED A SIMPLE MACHINE.

Q2. WHAT IS TYPE-1 LEVER?

A2. LEVER IN WHICH FULCRUM IS BETWEEN THE CENTRE OF LOAD AND
EFFORT IS KNOWN AS TYPE-1 LEVER.
Q3. WHAT IS TYPE-2 LEVER?
A3. THE LEVER IN WHICH LOAD IS BETWEEN THE FULCRUM AND EFFORT
IS KNOWN AS TYPE-2 LEVER.
Q4. WHAT IS TYPE-3 LEVER?
A4. THE LEVER IN WHICH EFFORT IS BETWEEN THE CENTRE OF LOAD AND
FULCRUM IS KNOWN AS TYPE-3 LEVER.
Q5.STATE THE PRINCIPAL OF LEVER.
A5. THE PRINCIPAL OF LEVER IS LOAD x LOAD DISTANCE =EFFORT x
DISTANCE OF EFFORT.
Q6. GIVE NAMES OF PARTS OF LEVER.
A6. PARTS OF LEVER ARE FULCRUM, LOAD, EFFORT, DISTANCE OF EFFORT,
DISTANCE OF LOAD, LOAD END, EFFORT END.
EX-4 CLASSIFY
1]. TYPE-1 LEVER- SEESAW, SCISSORS, NAIL CUTTER, PAPER CLIP.
2]. TYPE-2 LEVER- LEMON SQUEEZER, NUT CRACKER.
3]. TYPE-3 LEVER- TONGS, LONG HANDLED BROOM, FISHING ROD,
WEIGHING BALANCE, STAPLER.
EX-5. GIVE REASONS
1]. THE LENGTH OF THE HANDS OF SCISSORS USED TO CUT METAL SHEETS
IS KEPT LONGER. BECAUSE TO CUT METAL SHEET USING SCISSORS MORE
FORCE IS REQUIRED. ACCORDING TO THE PRINCIPLE OF A LEVER, IF
EFFORT DISTANCE IS MORE THAN LOAD DISATANCE, THEN WORK CAN BE
DONE WITH LESS EFFORT. THUS, WITH LESS EFFORT THE CUTTING OF
METAL SHEET BECOMES EASY. HENCE THE LENGTH OF THE HANDS OF
SCISSORS USED TO CUT METAL SHEETS IS KEPT LONGER.
2].THE LENGTH OF THE HANDS OF THE SCISSORS USED BY THE TAILOR IS
LEES AND THE LENGTH OF BLADES IS MORE. TO CUT CLOTH TAILOR DOES
NOT NEED MOREFORCE BUT WORK SHOULD BE DONE QUICKLY. SO IN
TAILORS SCISSORS, ON APPLYING FORCE ON HANDLESS, HANDLESS
MOVE LITTLE BUT BLADES MOVE MORE DISTANCE. HENCE MORE LENGTH
OF THE CLOTH IS CUT QUICKLY. AS A RESULT THE SPEED OF WORK
INCREASES. HENCE THE LENGTH OF SCISSORS USED BY TAILOR IS LESS
AND THE LENGTH OF BLADES IS MORE.
L-3 SEPARATION OF SUBSTANCES
Ex.1 M.C.Q.
1. A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C
EX.2 TRUE OR FALSE
1. TRUE

2. FALSE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE
6. FALSE
7. TRUE
Ex.3 Give Definitions:
1. Separation:- method to separate components of a mixture is called Separation
2. Filtering:- solid substances which do not dissolves in liquid are separated by the
method with network mater is called Filtering.
3. Sublimation:- to separate sublimating substances from a mixture the special
method used is called Sublimation.
4. Distillation:- the components are separated from the mixture of liquids having
different boiling points are obtained in the pure form by the process which is
called distillation.
Ex.4 Answer the following:
1.Where is the evaporation method used ?
A.1. The evaporation method is used to obtain salt from sea water.
2.Where is the network mater used?
A.2. 1.The network mater is used to filter drinking water.
2. IT IS ALSO USED TO FILTER TEA
3.Give names of sublimating substances ?
A.3. Names of sublimating substances are camphor, naphthalene pill, iodine, dry
ice.
4. Give example of mixture of gas and liquid
A.4. Examples of mixture of gas and liquid are soda, thumbs up, water vapour.
5. Which type of water can be obtained from modern purifiers ?
A.5. From modern purifiers we can obtain pure water free from different harmful
material as well as virus wastes.
6. What is called mixture ?
A.6. A substances made of two or more constituents is called mixture.
Ex.5 answer the following n four or five sentences:
1.
How many types of mixtures are there on the basis of the state of
compounds ? Which are they ?
A. 1 On the basis of the state of components there are 7 types of mixture
1). Mixture of solid substances
2.) Mixture of liquid substances
3.) Mixture of gaseous substances
4.) Mixture of solid and liquid substances
5.)Mixture of gaseous and solid substances
6.)Mixture of solid , liquid and gaseous substances

7.) Mixture of liquid and gaseous substances

2. What is separation ? Give names of different methods of it ?
A.2 Method to separate components of a mixture is called separation .
Different methods of it are .
1.)Picking
2.) Sieving
3.)Winnowing
4.)Decantation
5.) Filtering
6.) Magnet method
7.)Sublimation
8.) Evaporation
9.) Distillation
3. Where do we use distilled water ?
A.3 We use distilled water in batteries , in preparing solution of injection ,
in nebulizer , and other medical purpose also.
5. Where is the evaporation method used in practical life ?
A. 4 The evaporation method is used in practical life .
1.)
To prepare salt from sea water
2.)
To dry clothes
3.)
To dry crop
4.)
For preservation of food by drying eg. Papad,Ambla , chip, etc
6. Give difference between : Filtration and decantation
A-5
Filtration
Decantation
It is used to separate insoluble It is a method to obtain pure
substances of different sizes
liquid in other vessel after
present in liquid
settling of heavy and insoluble
substances
By filtration method tea
Two immisible liquids can be
leaves can be separated from
separated by decantation
tea
method.
QUSESTION.6-Detail
1.How each substances can be separated from the mixture of water and
kerosene using a network mater ? Explain with diagram ?
--- Fill the separating funnel with the mixture of kerosene and water
---- Keep it steady for sometime.
---- Now keep a beaker just below the separating funnel and open the
cock of separating funnel
---- Once the water from the separating funnel comes out completely ,
close the cock of the separating funnel

------ Now place another beaker and collect the remain liquid ie.
Kerosene . Thus water and kerosene can be separated
2.

How the mixture of camphor and common salt can be separated ? Explain
with diagram ?
A2.---- Take a mixture of camphor and common salt in an evaporating dish
----- Close the nozzle of the glass funnel with cotton. Arrange all apparatus as
shown in figure and heat the evaporating dish . Observe for sometime . Once the
white smoke starts rising up in the nozzle of the funnel, wait for a moment and
then extinguish the spirit lamp . Allow the glass funnel to cool down. The white
substances deposited on the inner side of the funnel is camphor where as which
remains in the dish is salt.
LESSSON-4. MESUREMENT
MCQ
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5. B 6.C 7.B 8. C 9. A 10. A
Defenitions
1.MASS- The amount of quantity of material
MASS

possessed by an object is called

2.VOLUME The space occupied by a substance is known as volume of a substance

3.WEIGHT- The gravitational force acting on any substances at any place is known
as weight of a substance of that place
7. DENSITY- The ratio of a mass and volume of a substance is its DENSITY
QUESTION3. MATCH
1.VOLUME-Cubic cm
2.Density-gram / cubic cm
3. Weight- Newton
4. Mass Kilogram
QUS- 4 ANSWER THE following
1.What is used to measure mass of any substances ?
A-1. Physical balance and weights are used to measure mass of any substance.
2.What is used to measure weight ?
A-2. A spring balance is used to measure weight
3.What is capacity ?
A-3. The capacity of any vessel to accommodate more amount of the liquid is called
holding capacity

4.What is least count measure ?

A-4. The capacity to measure the volume of the minimum liquid in any vessel is
called least count of that vessel .
5. Which type of substances float on the water
A-5. Substances having lesser density than that of water will float on water.
6. Which type of substances sink in water ? A-6. Substances having higher density
than that of water sink in water.
7.Due to which force does the object thrown in the sky come down towards Earth ?
A-7. Due to gravitational force the object thrown down in the sky comes down
towards earth
QUESTION-5. ANS IN 3 sentences
1.
How many and which are the ways to measure liquid substances ?
A-1 There are two ways to measure liquid substances
1.)
With the help of measuring unit
2.)
With the help of scaled measuring flasks.
2.
Name the equipments used to measure volume of liquid substances ?
A-2. The equipments used to measure volume of liquid substances are measuring
cylinder , pipette , burate, measuring conical flask and measuring units
3.
How is the volume of regular shaped solid substances measured ?
A-3. Displacement vessel and measuring cylinder is used to measure the volume of
regular shaped solid substances.
4.
Why does wood float on the water ?
A-4. Wood float on water because the density of wood is less than that of the water.
QUESTION- 6. Give reason
1.

Any object weighs less on moon in comparison to earth because the

gravitational force on the moon is one sixth than that acts on the objects on the
Earth . Hence any object weighs less on moon in comparison to Earth

2.

A piece of iron sinks in the water whereas steamers and ships made of iron
does not sink in water --- The structure of iron ship is such that its lower
middle portion remains filled with air
----- With such a structure the volume (V) of the ship becomes more than its
mass (M) . Hence its density is lesser than 1 .
--- Substances whose density is lesser than 1 can float in water . So , the iron
ship floats . Whereas density of a piece of iron is more than the water so it
sinks.

Question 7.ANS in detail

1. Explain the experiment with diagram to measure volume if irregular size
solid substances which can sink in water as well as remain insoluble with help
of measuring cylinder ?
A.1 Aim To measure volume of irregular size solid substances which can
sink in water as well as remain insoluble with help of measuring cylinder
Apparatus ___ Measuring cylinder , thin strong
thread , irregular shaped stone and colored water
Method 1.) Take irregular shaped stone and tie it with strong thread .
* Take the measuring cylinder and put some colored water in it
* Note the level of colored water V =_____ ml
1.
* Then hold the other end of the string and immense the tied stone In the
measuring flask that contains coloured water . Observe what happens.
Observation- On immersing the stone , the level of water rises in the flask .
Note the new volume of water V = ________ ml.
2
3
Therefore Volume of stone V= V - V (or cm)
2
1
Result Thus the volume of irregularly shaped stone is measured V= _____
ml
2 . Explain the experiment with diagram to measure volume of irregular size solid
substances which can sink in water as well as remain insoluble with help of displacement
cylinder ?
A.
2 AimMeasure volume of irregular size solid substances which can sink in
water as well as remain insoluble with help of displacement cylinder
Apparatus & materials A displacement vessel , measuring cylinder , stone ,
thread ,water
Method 1. Take irregularly shaped stone.
2.Tie it with thin strong thread .
3. Take the displacement vessel , fill it
with coloured water .
Closing its nozzle with finger
4. Remove the finger and allow the axcess of water to flow out.
5. Adjust the measuring cylinder near the end of the nozzle
6. Imerse the stone tied with thread completely in water

7. Observe
Observation --- AS soon as the stone is completely immersed water which is equal to
the volume of stone
Will be displaced and collected in the measuring cylinder
Calculation----- Volume of water displaced = 20ml
3
1 ml =1 cm
3
3
Conclusion---volume of stone is 20 cm.20 ml =20cm
Lesson 5 Mirror and reflection
Question 1 MCQ

1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.A 7. A 8. D 9.___ 10. C

Question.2 TRUE or FALSE

1.True
2.False.
3.True
4.False
5.False
6.False
Question-3 ans in sentence
1.
What is reflection of light ?
ANS-1 When light is incident on a reflected surface it is thrown back . This
phenomenom is called reflection of light .
2.
Why can we see objects ?
ANS-2 ---- We are able to see objects due to reflection.
----- When light falls on an object , the object reflects the light . When the
reflected light enters our eyes , we can see the object.
3 , What is called incident surface ?
ANS-3.

4 . What is called virtual image ?

ANS-4 An image that cannot be obtained on a screen is called virtual image .
5.
Which instrument is used in submarine to see object on the surface ?
ANS-5 Periscope is used in submarine to see object on surface
6.

How many reflection of an object , kept between two mirrors placed at angle
30o anle , are found ?
ANS-6 . 11 reflection of object are found , of an object kept between 2 mirror placed at
30o .
QUESTION 4 two three sentence
1.
What is uniform reflection ? Explain .
ANS-1 When parallel rays are incident on polished surface , they get reflected parallelly .
Such a reflection is called uniform (regular ) reflection.
2.Write the laws of reflection of light ?
ANS-2 Laws of reflection of light :-

Incident ray and reflected ray are on the opposite sides of the perpendicular drawn
from point of incident .

The angle of incidence and angle of reflection are always equal

Incident ray , reflected ray and pependicular drawn
From point of incidence lie in the same plane.
QUESTION-5 ANS IN DETAIL
1.Explain the structure and way of working of periscope with diagram ?
ANS-1 CONSTRUCTION- * Draw a figure on hard board as shown in the figure

Cut and remove rectangular pieces ABCD, LMNO,PQRS. The hard board will
now look as shown in figure.

Put a soft cut on the hard board at W,J and K and fold the board at line segment
VW,ZP,CM,JK,PW,CJ and MK .

Paste line segments EF and XY on the edges of plane mirror using adhesive tapes
or gum .

 Paste line segment GH and TU at an angle 45 on the other edge as shown in the
o

figure.

We will get the structure as shown in figure.

Paste the hard board pieces on the cut line (open) parts .This type of apparatus is
known as periscope.

As shown in diagram ,one can see outside by remaining hidden .

2.Explain the structure and way of working Kaleidoscope with diagram?
ANS-2. * Take three plane mirrors.

Paste the rough side of all the three mirrors side-by-side on card paper by keeping
a small distance of 2-3 mm.

As shown in (b), fold the card paper at 60 in such way that the polished surface
o

of mirrors remain inside .Paste the structure with adhesive tape .

As shown in (c) , cover half portion of this structure with a translucent plastic
sheet .

From the open end , put pieces of broken bangles in this structure .
Cover remaining portion of the structure with translucent plastic.
Make a small hole on one side of the plastic and watch various colorful patterns
formed inside the kaleidoscope.
L-7. Element ,compound and mixture
QUESTION 1 MCQ
1.C 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.A
QUESTION,2 TRUE or FALSE
1.
2.

TRUE
TRUE

3.
4.
5.

TRUE
TRUE
TRUE

QUESTION 3 ANSWER IN SENTENCE

1.What is element?
A.1 An element is a substance made up of same type of atoms
2.What is the unit of element ?
A.2 The unit of element is atom.
3.What is unit of compound ?
A.3 The unit of compound is molecule
4.Which elements are there in water ?
A.4 Hydrogen and oxygen are there in water.
5.Write the equation for chemical reaction of water ?
A.5 2H2 + O2 2H2O
6.Which atoms of element are found individually in nature ?
A.6 Atoms of element like H2 , N2 , O2 ,etc. are found individually in nature
QUESTION 4 ANSWER IN 3-4 sentence
1.What is compound ? State the characteristics ?
A.1 When two or more elements combine through a chemical reaction together in a
definite proportion and form a new substance losing the individual basic properties of
elements and possess totally new properties ,the newly form substance is called
compound .
1. More than one element combine in definite proportion to form a compound .
2. Every element that combines to form the compound loses its original properties and
gain the new properties of compound
2.What is mixture ? State its characteristics ?
A.2 When two or more element or substance mix together with each other in any
proportion they form a mixture
Its characteristic are ;1.
Element or substances can mix in any proportion in mixture .
2.
Elements or substances do not lose their original properties .
3. Explain the chemical reaction with equation that take place while burning a
magnesium strip ?
A.3 While burning a magnesium strip , magnesium combines with oxygen of air and
produces magnesium oxide (MgO) compound
2Mg + O2 2MgO

4.State types of mixture made up of element and compound and give one , one example
of each
A-4 Types of mixture are :1.
Mixture of element and element : Mixture of iron and sulphur.
2.
Mixture of element and compound : Mixture of iron and common salt
3.
Mixture of compound and compound : Solution of common salt and water.
QUESTION 5 DIFFERENCE
ELEMENT
An element is made up of atoms or
molecules of same type .
Atoms is fundamental unit of an
element
When atoms combine to form an
element , they maintain their
individual original properties
Oxygen , nitrogen , hydrogen , etc are
elements.
2.
Compound
When two or more elements
combine , they form a compound.
Elements or molecules must combine
in definite proportion to form a
compound
The elements of compound on
combining lose their original
properties .
Water , magnesium oxide , common
salt , etc. Are compounds

Compound
Compound is made up of two or more
elements
Molecule is the fundamental unit of a
compound
When combine to form an element ,
they lose their original individual
properties and gain new properties of
the compound.
Water , salt , magnesium oxide , etc.
are compounds.

Mixture
When two or more elements or
substances mix together with each
other in any proportion , they form a
mixture
Elements or substances can mix in
any proportion in the mixture.
Elements or substances of mixture do
not lose their original properties .
Mixture of iron and common salt ,
sugar solution , etc. are mixtures.