INDEX

Ackerman, Daniel Kurt, 152 Adjama Synagogue (Morocco), 54 Agrippa I, King, 10 Agrippa II, King, 10 Ahrida Synagogue (Istanbul), 58 al-Aqsa mosque ( Jerusalem), 108 Aleppo pogrom (1947), 31 Alfonso II, Duke, 49 al-Ghalib Billah, Sultan Abdallah, 44 Al-Ghriba Synagogue (Djerba), 29 al-Mustansir Billah, Maad, 27 Altneuschul Synagogue (Prague), 1113, 1415, 20, 22 Ambo plan synagogues, 116, 1312 Anshe Emeth Synagogue (New York), 156 Ascarelli, Deborah, 112 Ashkenazi, Israel, 73 Astronomical Clock (Prague), 76 Athias, Rabbi Joseph, 130 Biblia Hebraica, 140 Avis, Joseph, 856 az-Zahir, Caliph Ali, 27

Copyright
Cairo Geniza, 28 Calvin, John, 109 Carvalho, Solomon, N. 154 cemeteries, 1256 central bimah plan synagogues, 11416 Chapman, Elizabeth, 151 Charles II, King, 84, 85, 90 Chartres Cathedral (France), 8 Chaves, Luis Mendez, 129 Chmielnicki uprising, 65, 121, 136, 148 Chodorw Synagogue (Poland), 17 choirs, 125 Christian IV, King, 99 Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Jerusalem), 27 Cinque Scole (Five Synagogues), 49 clock towers, 73, 756, 77, 142 cloister vaulting, 63 Code Noir, 100

Berakha ve Shalom Synagogue (Surinam), 778, 90, 97, 123, 139 Beth Alpha Synagogue (Israel), 9 Beth Elohim Synagogue (Charleston), 14952, 154, 156 Bevis Marks Synagogue (London), 84, 856, 87, 901, 1412 bi-Amr Allah, Caliph Al-Hakim, 27, 28 Black Death, 13, 33, 61 Blasphemy Act (1698), 84, 85 Blau, Ludwig, 33 Boskovice Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 136, 137 Bouman, Elias, 68, 70, 73, 80, 97, 119 building materials (of synagogues), 14, 1719, 2930, 62, 139, 148 Burton Street Temple (London), 155 Buxtorf, Johannes, 130

Bachiller, Doroteo, Vista Interior De Santa Maria La Blanca, 24 Bar Kokhba Revolt (AD 1326), 10 Basevi, George, 1556 Bayezid II, Sultan, 43 Belisario, I. M., 87 ben Elchanan, Aryeh Leib, 136 ben Eliezer, Israel, 128 Ben Ezra Synagogue (Egypt), 28, 29 ben Isaac Segal, Chaim, 149 ben Judah, Gershom, 108 Benedict XIII, Antipope, 130 Benjamin, Hillel, 148, 149

211

212

Jews and the Renaissance of Synagogue Architecture, 14501730 double-naves, 17 Dritt Sjoel (Amsterdam), 70 Dulcie (wife of Rabbi Elazar), 104, 112 Dutch West India Company, 77, 94, 96 Edward I, King, 84 Eidlitz, Leopold, 156 Eidlitz, Marc, 156 Elazar, Rabbi, 104 Enquaua Synagogue (Algeria), 29 Enriques, Jacob Jeosua Bueno, 90 Enriques, Josef, 90 Enriques, Moise, 90 Esnoga Synagogue (Amsterdam), 3, 701, 73, 801, 967, 119, 1234, 136, 1412, 144 Ez Hayyim Synagogue (Bursa), 55, 127 ezrot nashim, 61, 78 fachwerk buildings, 19, 20, 33 Ferdinand III, Emperor, 144 firzogerin, 112 formal (polite) architecture, 2 fortress synagogues, 645 four central column synagogues, 11822, 1323 Franks, Abigaill L., 13940 Frederick I, King, 16 Frederick III, King, 16, 99 Frenkel, Isaac Moses, 148 Frth Synagogue (Germany), 1921 Fustat synagogues, 278 Gaddafi, Muammar, 29 gender separation, 18, 10510, 1567 Gerush Synagogue (Bursa), 56 Ghetto Nuovissmo (Venice), 37, 38 Ghetto Nuovo (Venice), 36, 478 Ghetto Vecchio (Venice), 36, 48 ghettos Italian 3641, 4753, 5960 Moroccan 44, 46, 535, 5960 Ottoman 414, 46, 5560 Persian 45 Gitlitz, David M., Secrecy and Deceit: The Religion of the Crypto-Jews, 129 Goldschmied, Judah, 72, 103, 155 Governor Robinson Going to Church, 88

Cohen, David Lopez, 156 Constantine the Great, Emperor,27 Cooper, Anthony Ashley, 151 Crdoba Synagogue (Spain), 23, 25 Cosimo I, Grand Duke, 50 Crusades, 23 Cum Nimis Absurdum, 38, 41, 48, 49 Curiel, Moses, 141 da Bertinoro, Rabbi Obadiah Jare, 1516, 30, 38 da Fonseca, Balthasar, 72 da Fonseca, Isaac Aboab, 69, 94 Danish West India Company, 99 Darkhe Yesharim Synagogue (Surinam), 979 de Assas, Manuel, Vista Interior De Santa Maria La Blanca, 24 de Barrios, Daniel Levi, 834, 91, 100 de Bethencourt, Cardozo, 83 de Herrera, Juan, 118 De Hoogduytse Joode Synagoge, 72 de Hooghe, Romeyn, 67, 70 De Geweesene Kerk Der Joden, 68 de la Mottraye, Aubrey, 58 de Mercado, Abraham, 86 de Mercado, Raphael, 86 De Portugeese Joode Synagoge, 71 de Sevilla, Simon Vaez, 129 de Sobremonte, Toms Trevio, 129 de Witte, Emanuel, 70 del Prado, Heronimo, Ezechielem Explanationes, 63, 73, 78, 11718, 119, 121, 130, 1323 della Valle, Pietro, 31 The Deluge, 65 Devonshire Place Synagogue (Brighton), 155 dhimmi communities, 267, 435 Die Altneuschule in Prag, 12 Diebolsheim Synagogue (France), 334 Disraeli, Benjamin, 155 Dohny Street Synagogue (Budapest), 157 Doln Kounice Synagogue (Poland-Lithuania), 136 The Dome of the Rock ( Jerusalem), 108 Dortsman, Adriaan, 69, 119 double tebah synagogues, 127

Copyright

Index Grand Synagogue (Lyon), 155 Great Fire of London (1666), 85, 89 Great Suburban Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 63 Great Synagogue (Aleppo, Syria), 31, 117 Great Synagogue (Copenhagen), 99, 100 Great Synagogue of Lutsk (PolandLithuania), 64 Great Synagogue of Vilnius (PolandLithuania), 63, 80 Greenwich Observatory (London), 85 Griffis, William E., 124 Grim, David, A Plan of the City and Environs of New York, 92, 93 Grote Sjoel Synagogue (Amsterdam), 3, 6870, 72, 801, 111, 119 Gucci, Matteo, 63, 144 Gvozdets Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 62, 136 Hambro Synagogue (London), 92 Hamon Synagogue (Istanbul), 58 Hamon, Rabbi Yosef, 57 Hanina, 9 Harrison, Peter, 147 Hart, Moses, 92 Hawksmoor, Nicholas, 86 hechal, 113, 114, 115, 119, 131, 140, 141, 142, 152 heretical groups, 1279 Herod, King, 9, 10, 103 Herods Temple, 1, 9, 10, 1034, 107, 108 Hirsch, Abraham, 155 Holeov Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 136 Holmes, Stanley, 92 Honen Dal Synagogue (The Snoge), 767, 81 Hooke, Robert, 85 Husiatyn Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 65 ibn al-`As, General Amr, 27 Ibn Sharif, Sultan Moulay Ismal, 44 illumination of synagogues, 18 Imam Reza Shrine (Persia), 144 informal architecture, 2 Inquisition, 1289 Isaiah of Krakow, 136, 137 Isserles, Moses, 1312, 152 Mappah, 115, 116, 138 Istanbuli Synagogue ( Jerusalem), 142 Italia, Salom, 74 Italki synagogues, 50

213

Copyright
Kaifeng Synagogue (China), 32 Karo, Joseph, 1312, 143, 145, 152 Shulchan Aruch, 115, 116, 138 kenesas, 128 Khazar Khaganate, 32 Khodorov Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 62 King Solomons Temple ( Jerusalem), 73, 74, 78, 81, 117, 130 Klausen Synagogue (Prague), 126 Krnik Synagogue (Poland-Lithuania), 148 Krakows Old Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 63 Kravtsov, Sergey R., 63, 118 Krinsky, Carol H., 11011 Synagogues of Europe: Architecture, History, Meaning, 11 Kristallnacht (1938), 11 acut Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 65 landscape architecture, 767 Leo X, Pope, 48 Leon, Rabbi Jacob Juda, 73, 74, 78, 81, 132 Leusden, Johannes, Biblia Hebraica, 130, 140 Locke, John, Essay Concerning Human Understanding, 151

Jacobin Church (Toulouse, France), 15, 17 Jacobs, Zipporah Nunes Machado, 129 Jacobson, Israel, 153 Jedwabne Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 62 Jerusalem Temple, 103, 104 Jesus of Nazareth, 10 Jewish Town Hall (Prague), 73, 756 Jodensavanne (Surinam), 778, 79, 90, 97, 123, 139 Joseph ben Meir ibn Shoshan Synagogue (Spain), 23, 245 Joseph of Nazareth, 10 Josephus, Flavius, 9, 10

214

Jews and the Renaissance of Synagogue Architecture, 14501730 Naturalization Act (1740), 92, 94 Neuschul Synagogue (Germany), 20 Neve Shalom Synagogue ( Jamaica), 91 Neve Shalom Synagogue (Surinam), 96 Neve Zedek Synagogue ( Jamaica), 901 Newton, Isaac, A Dissertation upon the Sacred Cubit of the Jews, 130 Nidhe Israel Synagogue (Barbados), 8990, 92, 126, 139 Nieto, Rabbi Isaac, 139 Nieuwe Kerk Church (Netherlands), 118, 119 Nieuwe Sjoel (Amsterdam), 70 Noah, Mordechai M., 129 Obbene Sjoel (Amsterdam), 70 Old Synagogue (Erfurt, Germany), 13 Oosterkerk Church (Amsterdam), 69, 119 open central aisle plan synagogues, 11314, 116, 152 Oranienburger Strae Synagogue (Berlin), 157 organs, 125, 132 Orhan I, Sultan, 556 ornamentation, 13545

Lopez Jr, David, 156 Lopez, Rabbi Eliahu, 88 Lwensohn, Gerson, Die Haupt-synagoge in Frth, 21 Lutmiersk Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 148 Lyon, Mordecai, 151 Madras Patn Synagogue (India), 91 Magen Abraham Synagogue (Brazil), 88, 90, 94, 123 Maharshal Synagogue (Poland), 120 Maimonides, Moses, 96 Mishneh Torah and The Guide for the Perplexed, 28 Mantuan synagogues, 501, 53 maqsurat, 108 Marianus, 9 Marot, Daniel, 767, 81 Recueil dArchitecture et dOrnemens, 77 Mary II, Queen, 84 Mauritshuis Palace (Amsterdam), 68, 80, 945 Maybaum, Gerard Frederik, 70 Mayor Synagogue (Bursa), 56 mechitzah/mechitzot, 105, 106 Mehmad II, Sultan, 412, 56 Meir ben Judah Leib of Zulz, 136, 137 Meisel Synagogue (Prague), 72 mellahs, 44, 46, 535 Mendelssohn, Moses, 153 Meza, Rachel Mendes, 112 Miechotka, Kazimierz, 62 Miechotka, Maria, 62 Mikve Israel Snoa Synagogue (Curaao), 967, 1213, 136 Mocatta, David, 1556 Mole Antonelliana Synagogue (Turin), 157 Montefiore, Sir Moses, 155 Montini, L. T., Interno della Scuola Grande, 51 Muhammad, Prophet, 28, 108, 109 multiple congregations, 49, 50, 52 Murad I, Sultan, 56 murals, 136 Nahmanides, Rabbi, 30 Nasi, Doa Gracia Mendes, 578

Copyright

Pact of Umar, 256, 27, 42, 43 Palermo Synagogue (Sicily), 1516 Paradesi Synagogue (India), 32, 142 parokhet, 138 Pasha, andarl Halil, 42 Passover, 956 Paul IV, Pope, 38, 41, 44, 49 Peace of the Church (A.D.313), 10 Penha, David Lopez, 139 Perreira, Rabbi S. Rodriques, 124 Peruzzi, Giovanni Sallustio, 38 Pfefferkorn, Johannes, Ich heysch eyn boichelgyn der ioeden bicht, 106 Picart, Bernard, 70 Pinkas Synagogue (Prague), 20, 126 Pinto, Isaac, 139 Pius V, Pope, 38, 40, 49, 50 Plan of the Three Canals (Amsterdam), 69 Plantation Act, 84 Polish style synagogues, 11819, 121 PolishMuscovite War (160518), 64

Index Portuguese Synagogue (Amsterdam), 678, 80, 945, 97, 11011, 119 Post, Pieter, 95 private house synagogues, 22, 54

215

Seville Cathedral, 144 Shaaray Tefila Synagogue (New York), 156 Shabbetai, Haham Hayyim, 96 Shearith Israel Synagogue (New York), 34, 84, 92, 93, 140, 147 Quba Mosque (Medina), 289 Shemini Atzeret Festival, 956 Siegmund, Stefanie B., 50 Rabbi Shlomo Ibn Danan Synagogue Simonhoff, Harry, 124 (Morocco), 54 Slat Abn Shaif Synagogue (Libya), 29 Rahabi, Ezekiel, 1423 Smith, John Rubens, 150 Ramban Synagogue ( Jerusalem), 29, 30 Snyder, Saskia Coenen, 2 Ramsay, Henry, 85 Soane, Sir John, 1556 Raphael, The Expulsion of Heliodorus from Sobdruhy Synagogue (Bohemia), 76 the Temple, 104 Spanish Law of the Indies, 778 Rashidun, Caliph, 25 Spanish Synagogue (Prague), 29 Reconquista, 23 Speyer Synagogue (Germany), 11, 17 Remo Synagogue (Poland), 126 St Andrews Church (Greensted), 19 Romanus pontifex, 40 St Croix Synagogue (Copenhagen), 99100 Rosengarten, Albert, 156 St Michaels Church (Charleston), 152 Ruderman, David B., 157 St Peters Basilica (Rome), 144 Early Modern Jewry, xv, 5, 103 Staets, Hendrick J., 69 Stalpaert, Daniel, 689, 70, 80, 118, 119 Sabba Synagogue (Morocco), 54 steeples, 20, 14950, 152 Saladin, Sultan, 28 Stevin, Simon, 78 Salvador, Francis, 151 Ideal City, 69 Samuel ha-Levi Abulafi a Synagogue (Spain), Strickland, William, 155 23, 25 sand-covered floors, 1214, 133 Sulayman, Sultan, 44 Schechter, Solomon, 28 Sussman, Eliezer, 144 Schielach, Henderik, 967, 119, 121, 136, Synagogue de Nazareth (Paris), 157 144 Synagogue of the Dawn (Morocco), 54 Schuchardt, August, 156 Synagogue of the Fassis (Morocco), 54 Schuilkerken, 67, 97, 99 Tamerlane, 31 Scolanova Synagogue (Italy), 13 Taube (wife of Jacob Pan), 112 Scuola Canton Synagogue (Venice), 478 tebah, 113, 114, 115, 127, 131, 140, 141, Scuola Coanim Synagogue (Venice), 48 142, 152 Scuola Grande Tedesca Synagogue (Venice), Temple Emanuel (New York), 156, 157 478, 11314, 11516 Tertullian, 105 Scuola Italiana Synagogue (Venice), 48 Theatre-style plan synagogues, 116 Scuola Levantina (Venice), 48 Theodosius II, Emperor, 8, 10 Scuola Luzzatto (Venice), 48 Theresa, Empress Maria, 76 Scuola Meshullam (Venice), 48 Tiktiner, Rebecca, 112 Scuola Spagnola (Venice), 114 Toleration Act (1689), 84, 85 Scuola Spagnola (Venice), 48 Tomar Synagogue (Portugal), 3, 13, 121 Seesen Temple (Germany), 152, 153 Touro Synagogue (Rhode Island), 1478 Segovia Synagogue (Spain), 23, 25 Teb Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 136 Selim I, Sultan, 44 Semah David Synagogue (Barbados), 90 Tzvi, Shabbatai, 58

Copyright

216

Jews and the Renaissance of Synagogue Architecture, 14501730 William III, King, 77, 84 William III, Stadholder, 141 Wischnitzer, Rachel, 23 The Architecture of the European Synagogue, 11 womens space in synagogues, 61, 78, 10412 Worms Synagogue (Germany), 11, 13, 1415, 20, 22, 104, 112 Wren, Christopher, 77, 85, 14950 Yekum Purkan prayer, 8, 18 Yu Aw Synagogue (Afghanistan), 29 Zabudw Synagogue (Poland), 17, 62 Zebrzydowski Rebellion (16068), 64 Zerubbabel, 103 Zevi, Shabbetai, 127 Zhovkva Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 65 Zur Israel Synagogue (Brazil), 88, 90, 94, 95, 123 Zygmunt III, King, 64

Umayyad, Caliph, 25, 108 Union of Lublin (1569), 62 Upjohn, Richard, 156 Urania bat Abraham, 104, 112 van Campen, Jacob, 80, 945, 110, 118, 119 van Edam, Abraham, 96 van Nassau-Siegen, Prince Johan Maurits, 68, 945 Vanbrugh, John, 86 vandalism of synagogues, 7, 8, 23 Vasi, Giuseppe, Piazza Giudia, 39 Veenhuysen, Johannes, Der Jooden Temple of Sinagoge, 111 Verbermacher, Hannah Rochel, 112 Villalpando, Juan Bautista, Ezechielem Explanationes, 63, 73, 78, 11718, 119, 121, 130, 1323 Volpa Synagogue (PolandLithuania), 62 Warner, Cyrus L., 156 Washington, George, 148 weibershuls, 61, 78, 104, 110

Copyright