i INNOVA JUNIOR COLLEGE

JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2
in preparation for General Certificate of Education Advanced Level

Higher 1
CANDIDATE NAME Civics Group INDEX N U M B E R

Mathematics

8864/01
15 September 2010

Paper 1 Additional materials: Answer Paper Graph Paper List of Formulae (MF15)

3 hours

R E A D THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST D o n o t o p e n t h i s b o o k l e t u n t i l y o u are t o l d t o d o s o .

Write your name, class and index number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs. .
D o n o t use staples, p a p e r clips, h i g h l i g h t e r s , glue or c o r r e c t i o n f l u i d .

Answer all the questions. Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question. You are expected to use a graphic calculator. Unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states otherwise. Where unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are not allowed in a question, you are required to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands. You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your*answers. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

This document consists of 6 printed pages.

Innova Junior College

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-Section A: Pure Mathematics [35 marks]

The curve C has equation y x (i)

~.
4

Without the use o f a calculator, show that the tangent to the curve C at the point where x = 2 has gradient - 6 . [2] The normal to the curve C at the point x = 2 cuts the x-axis at the point P. Find the coordinates of P. [3]

(ii)

A n inverted cone with radius 5 cm and height 12 cm is completely filled with water. Water is allowed to leak out from a small hole at the vertex o f the inverted cone at a constant rate o f 3 c m s . A t time r s , the radius o f the water surface is r cm and the depth o f the water in the
3 -1

cone is h cm. (i) (ii) (iii) Show that 12 = r

HI [3]

Find when r = 3. dt

Find the rate at which the area o f the water surface is decreasing at the instant when the depth o f the water is 4 cm. . ' [4]

[The volume Vof a cone with radius r and height h is given by V - -xr*h .]

The equation o f a curve C is y = 2x -x +1, and the equation o f a line L is 2y + kx = 1, where

2

& is a constant. (i) Without using a calculator, find the range o f values o f k for which the line L does not intersect the curve C. [4] For k = - 3 , find the coordinates o f the points o f intersection o f C and L . Hence solve the inequalities (a) (b) 4 x - 2 x + 2 > l + 3^:,
2

(ii) (iii)

[2]

[2] [3]

4(lnx) -21nx + 2>l+31n.v.

2

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(i)

7JC + 3 Sketch the graphs o f y = and y = x ( x - l ) on a single diagram, showing clearly " x-l the equations o f the asymptotes and the coordinates o f the points o f intersection with the axes. [4]
2

(ii)

(a)

By expressing Z j j x-l C7x+: dx. J x-l

3

the form A + , where A and B are constants, find x-l [2]

(b)

Find

x(x-l)

dx.

[2]

(iii)

The region R is bounded by the curve y = x(x-l) x = 2, x = 5 and y = 0 .

, the curve y =

7x + 3 x 1

, the lines

Find the exact area o f R, expressing your answer in the form [3]

a + b In 2 , where a and b are constants.

Section B : Statistics [60 marks]

A group o f students would like to find out more about the sleeping habits o f the 1000 students in their school by interviewing a sample o f 50 students. (i) (ii) Explain how systematic sampling can be carried out. [2]

Their teacher advised them to use quota sampling instead. Give an advantage and a disadvantage o f quota sampling over systematic sampling. * [27

The body length, in millimetres, o f the sonic fly is known to be normally distributed. I f 10% o f these sonic flies have body length longer than 21.4 millimetres and 30% o f them.have body length shorter than 8.1 millimetres, find the mean and standard deviation o f the body length o f a randomly chosen sonic fly. [4]

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, A n automatic dispensing, machine is set to dispense 200 c m o f liquid into cups. A random sample o f 60 cups is taken and the volume o f liquid in each cup, x c m , is measured. The data are summarised by
3 3

^ ( x - 2 0 0 ) = -188, ] T ( x - 2 0 0 )

=7941.

Find unbiased estimates o f the population mean and variance, giving your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [3] The vendor wishes to test whether the machine is dispensing too little liquid at a % significance level. (i) (ii) (iii) State suitable null and alternative hypotheses for this test. Determine the set o f values o f a for which the null hypothesis is rejected. [1] [3]

State, with a reason, whether in using the above test, it is necessary to assume that the volume o f liquid dispensed follows a normal distribution. [1]

At a particular university, the probability that a student wears glasses is 0.4. (i) A random sample o f 6 students is taken. Find the probability that as many students wear glasses as do not wear glasses. [2] Three random samples o f 6 students each are taken. Find the probability that each o f these samples has more than 2 students who wear glasses. [2] A random sample o f 25 students is taken. Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that at least 13 students do not wear glasses. [5]

(ii)

(iii)

At another university, p % o f the students wear glasses, where p > 70. A random sample o f 12 students is taken and the number o f students that wear glasses is denoted by G. Given that P ( G = 8) = 0.2, write down an equation for the value of/?, and find this value* numerically. [2]

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The tajrfeshows data relating the time spent per day in hours to study for Mathematics, t, and the corresponding Mathematics examination marks, m, obtained by 8 students.
/

1.5 36

0.5 27

2.5 40

3.0 49

0.5 60

2.0 40

5.0 66

6.5 78

(i) (ii)

Give a sketch o f the scatter diagram for the data as shown on your calculator.

[2]

On your scatter diagram, identify a data pair which can be regarded as abnormal. Give a reason why this is possible, in the context o f the question. [2] Remove the data pair in part (ii), and calculate the correlation coefficient and the line o f regression o f m on /, for the revised data. Comment on this value o f the correlation coefficient in the context o f the question. [3] Evangeline spent 8 hours studying for Mathematics daily. What is her estimated Mathematics examination mark? Comment on the reliability o f this estimate. [2]

(iii)

(iv)

10

A game is played with a fair die. A player throws this die. I f the result is 3, 4, 5 or 6, that result is the player's score. I f the result is 1 or 2, the player throws the die a second time and the sum o f the two numbers resulting from both throws is the player's score. Events A and B are defined as follows: A : The player's score is 4, 5, 6 or 7. B : The player has two throws.

Showthat ? ( A ) = . ' 18
v

[3]

Find

(i)
(ii)

V(AKJB),

[3]
[2]

?(A'r\B),

(iii)

?(B\A').

[2]

Ann plays the game twice. Find the probability that at least one o f Ann's scores is 4, 5, 6 or 7. [2]

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" 11

i . .

In a manufacturing process, circular cylinders are being produced as components o f a certain product. For a cylinder produced to be acceptable, its length must be between 8.45 cm and 8.65 cm, and its diameter must be between 1.55 cm and 1.60 cm. The cylinders have lengths which are normally distributed with mean 8.54 cm and standard deviation 0.05 cm, while, independently, the diameters are normally distributed with mean 1.57 cm and standard deviation 0.01 cm. (i) Find the length / such that only 2% o f the cylinders have lengths which are longer than /cm. [2] Find the probability that the sum o f the diameters o f eleven randomly chosen cylinders is less than twice the length o f a randomly chosen cylinder. [4] A random sample o f 8 cylinders is taken. Find the probability that the average length o f these cylinders exceeds their average diameter by more than 7 cm. [4] A random sample o f 10 cylinders is taken. Find the expected number of cylinders which are acceptable. [2]

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

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Section A: Pure Mathematics [35 marks]

>

The curve C has equation y = (i)

e* ~ .
4

Without the use o f a calculator, show that the tangent to the curve C at the point where x - 2 has gradient 6. [2] The normal to the curve C at the point x = 2 cuts the x-axis at the point P. Find the coordinates of P. [3]

(ii)

1(0

y=
X

--e*-< -Sx- -2xe 2

^- = dx

x2 4

when x = 2, dv = - 6 (shown) dx (ii) gradient o f normal to the curve at x = 2: when x = 2, i

equation of normal to the curve: v - 3 = ( x 2) 6 When v = 0 x =-l6 Coordinates o f P are ( - 1 6 , 0 ) .

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3 An inverted cone with radius 5 cm and height 12 cm is completely filled with water. Water is allowed to" leak out from a small hole at the. vertex o f the inverted cone at a constant rate p f 3 c m s \t time ts, the radius o f the water surface is r cm and the depth o f the water in the
3 -1

cone is h cm. (i) (ii) (iii) Show that 12 = r

*] [3]

Find when r = 3. dt

Find the rate at which the area o f the water surface is decreasing at the instant when the depth o f the water is 4 cm. [4] ^nr h.]
2

[The volume Vof a cone with radius r and height h is given by V =

2 (i)

By similar triangles, h r" 12 5 '

=> h = r 5 (ii) dV dr dr dt dr dt 12 5 dV dr dV dt 15 Ylnr

1

(iii)

when r = 3, = -0.0442 dt A = nr
1

dA = in r dr dA dA dr
0

dt dA _ dt ~

dr 5 2r
2

dt

when h = 4,r = dA 3
2 -

dt " 2 Rate o f decrease o f water surface is 1.5 c m s '

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The equation o f a curve C is y = 2x x + l, and the equation o f a line L is 2y + kx = \, where

2

k is a constant. (i)

Without using a calculator, find the range o f values o f k for which the line L does not intersect the curve C. [4] For k = - 3 , find the coordinates o f the points o f intersection o f C and L . Hence solve the inequalities (a) (b) 4 x - 2 x + 2 > l + 3x,
2

(ii) (iii)

[2]

[2] [3]

4 ( l n x ) - 2 1 n x + 2 > l + 31nx.
2

(0

y = 2x -x
2

+ l (1)

2y + kx = \) At points o f intersection, 2(2x -x

2 2

+ \) + kx = \ --(3)

4* +(A:-2)A: + 1 = 0

I f L does not intersect C, Disc. < 0 (*-2) -4(4)(l)<0

2

A: -4A:-12<0
2

\ " ^ N ^ /
6

(k + 2)(k-6)K.O -2 < k < 6

(ii)

* = -3 C: j = 2 x - x + l Z.: 2y-3x = l
2

At points o f intersection,
4 J C - 5 X + 1=0
2

(from(3))

(x-l)(4x-l) =0 x - 1 or y=2 or x = 4 v- 8

Coords o f points o f intersection: (1,2) a n d ^ , ^ j .

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(iii)

4x - 2 x + 2 > l + 3x 1 + 3* 2x -X + \>
2

Using (ii), x < or 4

x > 1.

4 ( l n x ) - 2 1 n x + 2 > l + 31nx
2

lnx < 4 0 <x<e

4

or or

lnx>l x>e

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7x + 3 (i) Sketch the graphs o f y = and v = x ( x - l )

2

on a single diagram, showing clearly

x1 the equations of the asymptotes and the coordinates o f the points o f intersection with the axes. [4] (ii) (a) By expressing ^ ^ x-l
x + m

the form A + , where A and B are constants, find x-l [2]

J x-l
(b) Find J x ( x - l ) dx .

[2]

(iii)

The region R is bounded by the curve y = x(x1) x = 2 , x = 5 and y = 0.

, 7x + 3 , ,. , the curve y = , the lines x-l Find the exact area o f R, expressing your answer in the form
2

a + b In 2 , where a and b are constants.

[3]

4(i)

y = x(x 1 r 7x + 3 7

<-y,oy! o

(1.0)

(ii) (a)

7x + 3

7 ( x - l ) + 10 ^ 10 = = 7+ x 1 x-l x 1

f7x + 3 . f_ 10 , I dx= 7 + dx J x-l J x-l = 7x + 1 0 1 n ( x - l ) + C

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(ii) (b)

j x ( x - 1 ) dx = J x ( x - 2x +1) dx
2 2

= J(x -2x +x)dx

3 2

^ 3

(i)

x _ = + + C 4 3 2 f f 7x + 3 Areaoftf = x ( x - l ) dx+ dx
3 5 2

2x

" [

Tx
4

2x
3

+ J +[^
2 2

x1
2

+ 1 0 l n

^ 0]

, \ i
3

= ^ + (35 + 1 0 1 n 4 - 2 1 - 1 0 l n 2 ) = ^ ^ + 101n2 12 units

2

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Section B: Statistics [60 marks] 5 A group o f students would like to find out more about the sleeping habits o f the 1000 students in their school by interviewing a sample o f 50 students. (i) (ii) Explain how systematic sampling can be carried out. [2]

Their teacher advised them to use quota sampling instead. Give an advantage and a disadvantage of quota sampling over systematic sampling. [2]

5(i)

Arrange the 1000 students in a particular order and obtain the sampling interval o f 20. Pick a student at random in the first sampling interval o f 20 students and every 20th student thereafter is chosen to form the sample

00

Advantages: Faster Avoid cyclic pattern Disadvantages: non-random biased, may not be a good representation o f the population

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The body length, in millimetres, o f the^sbnic fly is known to be normally distributed. Jf 10% o f these sonic flies have body length longer than 21.4 millimetres and 30% of them have body length shorter than 8.1 millimetres, find the mean and standard deviation o f the body length o f a randomly chosen sonic fly. [4]

Let x mm be the body length o f the housefly. *~N(//,o- )

2

P ( * > 2 1 . 4 ) = 0.1 ?(X< 21.4) = 0.9

P ( * < 8 . 1 ) = 0.3 , ( z < H z ) = o ,

~ =1.28155 a 21.4 = /i+1.28155a

2 M / i

-".-0.M<40 a 8.1=//-0.52440cr
! |

Solving, M = 11.96 o- = 7.365

' *.

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I
7

I.

A n automatic dispensing machine is set to .dispense 200 cm o f liquid into cups. A random sample of*60 cups is taken and the volume of liquid in each cup,** cm , is measured. The data are summarised by
3

( x - 2 0 0 ) = -188, ] T ( ; t - 2 0 0 )

=7941.

Find unbiased estimates of the population mean and variance, giving your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [3] The vendor wishes to test whether the machine is dispensing too little liquid at a % significance level. (i) (ii) (iii) State suitable null and alternative hypotheses for this test Determine the set of values o f a for which the null hypothesis is rejected. [1] [3]

State, with a reason, whether in using the above test, it is necessary to assume that the volume o f liquid dispensed follows a normal distribution. [1]

Unbiased estimate o f the population mean V (x-200) ^ +200 60 = 196.87 (2d.p.) Unbiased estimate o f the population variance = (-188) ] 7941-^ - =124.61 60-1 60
2 3

(2d.p.)

(0

Let // c m be the population mean volume o f liquid per cup. H : / i = 200 H, : /i<200
0

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11

>

(10

Level o f significance = a % Under Ho, Z = *2 0 0

~N(0,>)

Afn

Computation: n = 60,x= From GC,

196.87, 5 = ^124.61

p-value = 0.014931

To reject Ho, p-value < significance level => 0.014931 < 100 =>a 1.4931
(iii)

Solution set is {a e : a > 1.49} (3 s.f.) No. It is not necessary to assume that the amount o f liquid dispensed follows a normal distribution because the sample size n = 60 is large, so Central Limit Theorem can be applied.

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>

12

. A t a particular university, the probability that a student wears glasses is 0.4. (i) A random sample of 6 students is taken. Find the probability that as many students wear glasses as do not wear glasses. [2] Three random samples of 6 students each are taken. Find the probability that each o f these samples has more than 2 students who wear glasses. [2] A random sample o f 25 students is taken. Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that at least 13 students do not wear glasses. [5]

(ii)

(iii)

A t another university, p % of the students wear glasses, where p > 70. A random sample o f 12 students is taken and the number o f students that wear glasses is denoted by G. Given that P (G = 8) = 0.2, write down an equation for the value of p, and fmd this value numerically. [2]

8(0

LetXdenote no. o f students, out o f 6, who wear glasses. ThenA'~B(6, 0.4). Required probability = P(A = 3) = 0.276 (3 s.f.)
r

(M)

P(*>2)= 1-P(*<2) = 0.45568 Required probability = (0.45568) = 0.0946 (3s.f.)

3

(iii)

Let Y denote no. o f students, out o f 25, who do not wear glasses. Then r ~ B ( 2 5 , 0 . 6 ) . Since n = 25 (sufficiently large) such that np = 25(0.6) = 15 (>5) and nq = 25(0.4) = 10 (>5) npq = 6 .'. Y ~N(15, 6) approximately. Required probability = ?(Y > 13) = P(V> 12.5) (w cont' correction) = 0.846 (3 s.f.)

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>

13 *
*

G~5(12, 100 P(G = 8) = 0.24

=> C f ) ( l
,2

8ViooJ
P 3

v iooJ
P
7 7

f =0.2

=>49 ( 'ffl
5

T =0.2

FromGC,

0.58330 or 0.74358 100 Since/7>70, p = 74.3 (3 s.f.)

Uoo; I ioo J

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14

The table shows data relating the time spent per day in hours to study for Mathematics, /, and the corresponding Mathematics examination marks, m, obtained by 8 students.
/

1.5 36

0.5 27

2.5 40

3.0 49

0.5 60

2.0 40

5.0 66

6.5 78

(i) (ii)

Give a sketch of the scatter diagram for the data as shown on your calculator.

[2]

On your scatter diagram, identify a data pair which can be regarded as abnormal. Give a reason why this is possible, in the context o f the question. [2] Remove the data pair in part (ii), and calculate the correlation coefficient and the line o f regression of m on /, for the revised data. Comment on this value o f the correlation coefficient in the context o f the question. [3] Evangeline spent 8 hours studying for Mathematics daily. What is her estimated Mathematics examination mark? Comment on the reliability of this estimate. [2]

(iii)

(iv)

9 (0 & (ii) 78 n A

27

/ 0.5 6.5

(iii)

Possible re ason: The studen t may be very good at maths and thus require very little time to study for the examinatio n r = 0.996 m = 22.2+ 8.60/ There is a strong positive linear relationship between the time spent studying and mathematics exam grades. m = 22.2 + 8.60(8) = 91 The prediction is not reliable as / = 8 lies outside the sample data range of/.

(iv)

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15

10

A game is played with a fair die. A player throws tfiis~dre: I f the result is 3, 4, 5 or 6, that result is the player's score. I f the result rs 1 or 2, the player throws the die a second time and the sum o f the two numbers resulting from both throws is the player's score. Events A and B are defined as follows: A: The player's score is 4, 5, 6 or 7. B: The player has two throws.

Show that ?(A) = . ' 18

V

[3]

Find

(i)
(ii)

P(AKJB),

[3] [2] [2]

?(A'nB),

(iii)

P(BM').

A n n plays the game twice. Find the probability that at least one o f Ann's scores is 4, 5, 6 or 7. [2]

10 "\2nd 1st \ 1 2 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 6 5 6 7 6 7 8

? ( A ) = P(score is 4, 5, 6 or 7) = P(getting 4, 5 or 6 in one throw) + P(score is 4, 5, 6 or 7 from two throws) = 2 6 A 36

=1 1
" 18 (i) ?(AvB) = ?(A) + P(B)-P(AnB)

= 11 i_JL
18 _ 5 6
+

36

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16

00

?(A'r^B)=?(B)-'?(AnB) 2 " 6 1 " 9 8 36

Alternatively, P(A'nB)= 5 6 _ 1 9
(iii)

?(AuB)-P(A)

13 18

P(B\A')= 1 _ 9 18 _ 2 5

Required probability = 1 - P(both scores are not 4, 5, 6 or 7)

299 = 324 or 0.923

'

Alternatively,

Required prob = P(exactly one score is 4, 5, 6 or 7) + P(both scores are 4, 5, 6 or 7) - 13 5 (13 13 ^ = 2 x x + x 18 18 V18 18J 299 = or 0.923 324

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17

11 '

I n a manufacturing process, circular cylinders are being produced as components 6T a certain product. For a cylinder produced to be acceptable, its length must' be between 8.45 cm and 8.65 cm, and its diameter must be between 1.55 cm and 1.60 cm. The cylinders have lengths which are normally distributed with mean 8.54 cm and standard deviation 0.05 cm, while, independently, the diameters are normally distributed with mean 1.57 cm and standard deviation 0.01 cm. (i) Find the length / such that only 2% o f the cylinders have lengths which are longer than /cm. [2] Find the probability that the sum o f the diameters o f eleven randomly chosen cylinders is less than twice the length o f a randomly chosen cylinder. [4] A random sample o f 8 cylinders is taken. Find the probability that the average length o f these cylinders exceeds their average diameter by more than 7 cm. [4] A random sample o f 10 cylinders is taken. Find the expected number o f cylinders which are acceptable. [2]

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(i)

Let A'cm and Fern be the length and diameter o f a circular cylinder respectively.

X ~N(8.54,0.05 ),
2

r~N(1.57,0.01 )
2

?(X> 0 = 0.02. => ?(X <l) = 0.98 From GC, / 8.642687 = 8.64 (3 s.f.)
(ii)

Y +Y +
l 2

Y -2X
U

~ N(l 1 x 1.57 - 2 x 8.54,11 x 0.01 + 2 x 0.05 )

2 2 2

i.e., Y +Y +
{ 2

+ ^ , - 2 * ~N(0.19,0.0111)

Required probability = Ptf+r +

2

+ +

Y <2X)
U

= ?(Y +Y +
i 2

Y -2X<0)
n

= 0.0357 (3 s.f.)

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>

(iii)

Let

F _ - * f - f _ Y + Y 8 " '
l

. . . + Y 8

Then * ~ N

8.54,

o 05 ^ 2

, r~N

1.57,

OOlM

AT-r ~N (6.97, 0.000325) Required probability = P( X - Y > 7 ) = 0.0480461 = 0.0480 (3 s.f.) (iv) P( a circular cylinder is acceptable) = P(8.45 <X< 8.65). P(1.55 < Y< 1.60) 0.927267 In a random sample o f 10 cylinders, expected number o f them which are acceptable = 10 x 0.927267 = 9.27 (3 s.f.)

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