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The prevalence of hypertension or blood pressure today is quite high. In addition, it has incurred a public health problem. ypertension, is one of the most influential ris! factors of serious complication diseases beside it is often have no symptoms. It is only reali"ed #hen disruption to other organs such as cardiac dysfunction and stro!e. $o it is commonly called $ilent !iller. %hat is silent !iller and hypertension, ho# to measure, treated, or prevent it #ill be present by the team promotor. Defin 1 orang What Is Hypertension? ypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that #ill catch up #ith most people #ho live into older age. &lood pressure is the force of blood pressing against the #alls of your arteries. %hen it's too high, it raises the heart's #or!load and can cause serious damage to the arteries. Hypertension and Pregnancy (estational hypertension is a !ind of high blood pressure that occurs in the second half of pregnancy. %ithout treatment, it may lead to a serious condition called preeclampsia that endangers both the mother and baby. The condition can limit blood and o)ygen flo# to the baby and can affect the mother's !idneys and brain. *fter the baby is born, the mother+s blood pressure usually returns to its normal level Hypertension and Medicine Cold and flu medicines that contain decongestants are one of several classes of medicine that can cause your blood pressure to rise. ,thers include -$*I. pain relievers, steroids, diet pills, birth control pills, and some antidepressants.

'White Coat' Hypertension $ome people only have a high reading in the doctor's office, perhaps because they're nervous. $ome #ill only have high blood pressure readings sporadically. Those people may have a higher chance of developing high blood pressure, a recent study sho#s.
Hypertension and Children %hile hypertension is more often a problem for older people, even children can have high blood pressure. /-ormal/ blood pressure varies based on a child+s age, height, and se), so your doctor #ill need to tell you if there is a concern. Children are at greater ris! if they are over#eight, have a family history of the illness. Etiolog 1 orang What causes Hypertension ? odium $odium is a ma0or component of salt, it can raise blood pressure by causing the body to retain fluid, #hich leads to a greater burden on the heart. Weight &eing over#eight places a strain on your heart and increases your ris! of high blood pressure. That is #hy diets to lo#er blood pressure are often also designed to control calories. tress $tress can ma!e your blood pressure spi!e, but there's no evidence that it causes high blood pressure as an ongoing condition. o#ever, stress may affect ris! factors for heart disease, so it may have an indirect connection to hypertension. $tress may lead to other unhealthy habits, such as a poor diet, alcohol use, or smo!ing, #hich can contribute to high blood pressure and heart disease.

!lcohol .rin!ing too much alcohol can increase your blood pressure. (uidelines from the *merican eart *ssociation state that if you drin! alcohol, you should limit the amount to no more than t#o drin!s a day for men, or one a day for #omen. Caffeine If caffeine can ma!e you 0ittery, can it also raise your blood pressure1 It might have a temporary effect.2ou can safely drin! one or t#o cups a day, according to the *merican eart *ssociation 2our ris! increases even more if you have high blood pressure along #ith other ris! factors3

*ge eredity (including race) (ender (male) $mo!ing .iabetes Physical inactivity

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Why High %lood pressure Matter ? igh blood pressure can lead to serious health problems. 4ncontrolled high blood pressure can in0ure or !ill you. It's sometimes called /the silent !iller/ because &P has no symptoms, so you may not be a#are that it's damaging your arteries, heart and other organs.Possible health consequences that can happen over time #hen high blood pressure is left untreated include3

.amage to the heart and coronary arteries, including heart attac!, heart disease, congestive heart failure, etc. $tro!e 5idney damage 6ision loss 7rectile dysfunction Memory loss 8luid in the lungs *ngina Peripheral artery disease

&ut remember, these are not symptoms of &P. igh blood pressure is a symptomless disease e)cept in its most e)treme cases !no#n as hypertensive crisis. If you ignore your blood pressure because you thin! symptoms #ill alert you to the problem, you are ta!ing a dangerous chance #ith your life. 7verybody needs to !no# their blood pressure numbers, and everyone needs to prevent high blood pressure from developing. *s mentioned above, only #hen blood pressure readings soar to dangerously high levels may obvious symptoms occur. $uch as 3

$evere headaches $evere an)iety $hortness of breath -osebleeds

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2our healthcare provider #ill li!ely prescribe medication in addition to lifestyle modifications. 2ou may need more than one type of prescription medication to !eep your blood pressure at a healthy level. *s for the counter medicines commonly given in the form of drugs to treat a very high

hypertension are 3
%eta()loc$ers &eta9bloc!ers #or! by slo#ing the heart rate, #hich means that the heart doesn't have to #or! as hard. $ide effects can include insomnia, di""iness, fatigue, cold hands and feet, and erectile dysfunction. !CE Inhi)itors *C7 inhibitors reduce your body's supply of angiotensin II 99 a substance that ma!es blood vessels contract and narro#. The result is more rela)ed, open (dilated) arteries, as #ell as lo#er blood pressure and less effort for your heart. $ide effects can include a dry cough, s!in rash, or di""iness, and high levels of potassium. %omen should not become pregnant #hile ta!ing an *C7 inhibitor. !*%s These drugs bloc! receptors for angiotensin 99 as if placing a shield over a loc!. This bloc!ade prevents the chemical's artery9tightening effects, and lo#ers your blood pressure. *:&s can ta!e several #ee!s to become fully effective. Possible side effects include di""iness, muscle cramps, insomnia, and high levels of potassium. %omen should not become pregnant #hile ta!ing this medication. Calcium Channel %loc$ers Calcium channel bloc!ers slo# the movement of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessels. $ince calcium causes stronger heart contractions, these medications ease the heart's contraction and rela) the blood vessels. They can cause di""iness, heart palpitations, s#elling of the an!les, and constipation. Ta!e them #ith food or mil! and avoid grapefruit 0uice and alcohol because of possible interactions. Diuretics .iuretics are often the first choice if diet and e)ercise changes aren't enough. *lso called /#ater pills,/ they help the body shed e)cess sodium and #ater to lo#er blood pressure. That means you'll urinate more often. $ome diuretics may deplete your body's potassium, causing muscle #ea!ness, leg cramps, and fatigue. $ome can increase blood sugar levels in diabetics. 7rectile dysfunction is a less common side effect. In some cases, you may need to ta!e blood pressure9lo#ering medication for the rest of your life. o#ever, if your blood pressure levels stay under control for several years, you might be able to stop your treatment. +our Path to Healthy %lood Pressure ' ,rang *s #e !ne# before &P is a ma0or ris! factor can cause serious health problem. The ris! factor, the longer it's left untreated, the more serious its complications can become, etc. &ut there is also a clear path#ay to help you manage high blood pressure and en0oy the many benefits of a healthy heart. ;). 2ou need to !no# your blood presure number %hy 1 because lot of people #ith hypertension are !no#n only after obtaining complications. &lood pressure is typically recorded as t#o numbers. ystolic The top number, measures the pressure in the arteries #hen the heart beats. .iastolic The bottom number, measures the pressure in the arteries bet#een heartbeats. This chart reflects blood pressure categories defined by the *merican eart *ssociation.

Blood Pressure Category Normal Prehypertension High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) Stage 1 High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) Stage 2 Hypertensi#e Crisis $%mergency care needed&

Systolic mm Hg (upper #) less than 120 120 139 1 0 1!9 1"0 or higher Higher than 180 and or or or or

Diastolic mm Hg (lower #) less than 80 80 89 90 99 100 or higher Higher than 110

*fter !no#ing the calculation of blood pressure, #e e)pected to be able to maintain the stability by monitoring blood pressure at home. It can be helpful to prevent complication ris!s. 2ou may recommend that you monitor your blood pressure at home if3 9 2ou have been diagnosed #ith pre9hypertension (systolic 999 top 999 number bet#een ;<= and ;>? mm g ,: diastolic 999 bottom 999 number bet#een @= and @? mm g) 9 2ou have been diagnosed #ith hypertension (systolic ;A= mm g or above ,: diastolic ?= mm g or above) 9 2ou have ris! factors for high blood pressure &ut People #ith atrial fibrillation or other arrhythmias may not be good candidates for home monitoring. %hy1.because In this monitoring method, the professional should use a manual blood pressure cuff and stethoscope to listen to the blood pulsing through your brachial artery. <).2ou need to ta!e care of your self ypertension is not a disease that can be completely cured, but the symptoms of hypertension can be reduced by maintaining our physical health, especially matters related to the blood pressure. That is #hy it is associated #ith managing lifestyle such as diet and e)ercise. 2ou may be able to lo#er your blood pressure by s#itching to a better diet .There are eight main #ays you can control your blood pressure.They are3 9 7at a better diet, #hich may include reducing salt 9 7n0oy regular physical activity 9 Maintain a healthy #eight 9 Manage stress 9 *void tobacco smo!e 9 Comply #ith medication prescriptions 9 If you drin!, limit alcohol 9 4nderstand hot tub safety *dopting a healthy lifestyle is critical for the prevention of &P and an indispensable part of managing it. Thin! of these changes as a /lifestyle prescription/ and ma!e every effort to comply #ith them. %hether you have been diagnosed hypertension, or are concerned because you have some of the ris! factors for the disease, understand this3 #hile there is no cure, high blood pressure is manageable. .iet *im to eat a diet that's rich in3 9 8ruits 9 6egetables 9 %hole9grain, high9fiber foods 9 8at9free and lo#9fat (; percent) dairy products 9 &eans 9 $!inless poultry and lean meats

8ish, especially fatty fish contain omega > fatty acids such as salmon, trout and herring (eat at least t#ice a #ee!)

*nd lo# in3 9 $aturated and trans fats 9 $odium *nd limit3 9 *dded sugars Physical *ctivity Physical activity not only helps control your blood pressure, it also helps you manage your #eight, strengthen your heart and manage your stress level. * healthy #eight, a strong heart and general emotional health are all good for your blood pressure. :egular e)ercise helps lo#er your blood pressure. *dults should get about ;B= minutes of moderate9 intensity e)ercise every #ee!. That could include gardening, #al!ing bris!ly, bicycling, or other aerobic e)ercise. Muscle9strengthening activities are recommended at least t#o days a #ee! and should #or! all ma0or muscle groups. ealthy living today is the path to a healthy futureC Conclusion