In the year 1800, all the occupied continents had been discovered.

The coastlines had been drawn in the maps and some exploration had been done up in mayor rivers. But large areas in some countries were still a mystery. In the 19th century there were some explorations in merica. #outh during the previous three hundred years. The development o! steam engines in the middle o! the century was a great help. #team powered boats could go !arther up rivers and carry more people and supplies. &any countries built railroad lines connecting their ma'or cities and ports. 1. (ill in the gaps) * * ll the occupied continents had been discovered by the ++++++++++++,s. The ++++++++ century saw the explorations o! "orth * * merica. !rica, ustralia and !rica, ustralia and "orth

merica was explored by the #panish and $ortuguese con%uerors

&any countries built +++++++++++++++ lines. The development o! +++++++++++++++++ was a great help.

Big progress was made in navigation and cartography. -artography is the science o! studying or ma.ing maps. The chronometer was designed to tell accurate time. system o! establishing longitude and latitude was developed. /reenwich, in 0ngland, was set as the standard !or all time calculations east to west. The e%uator was set as the standard !or north to south measurements. In the twentieth century, people invented the automobiles and airplanes. The improvement o! submarines and sea diving e%uipment opened the underwater world. In the second hal! o! the century, people started to explore the outer space and our neighbouring planets.

"orth

merica

The 1ewis and -lar. expedition was an early exploration o! the vast wilderness o! the north*western 2nited #tates. 1ewis and -lar. travelled about 8,000 miles. They returned with maps o! their route and the surrounding regions. They brought specimens and descriptions o! plant, animal and mineral resources. 1. 2se the word in a sentence) * 0xpedition) +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ * 3oute) +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ustralia The exploration o! ustralia began soon a!ter the British

established it as a colony !or convicts in 1488. &atthew (linders spent a lot o! time at sea mapping and exploring the ustralian area o! the $aci!ic 5cean. 0xploring the interior o! ustralia was di!!icult and dangerous because much o! the region is desert. 6. 7hat do you .now about ustralia888 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ !rica

The interior o! explored most o! o! the

!rica contained harsh terrain, !ierce natives and dangerous !rica during the late 1400,s and 1800,s. 9uring the late 1800,s,

animals. There were many deaths !rom diseases such as malaria. 0uropeans exploration was combined with con%uest and 0uropeans became the rulers o! most !rican continent.

:. 9o you thin. that it is a good thing to con%uer a country8 7hy ; 7hy not8 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ sia #ir (rancis 0dward <ounghusband was a British explorer. =e travelled to the (ar 7est and wrote about it. =e discovered the route between >ashgar and India. In 1906, he explored Tibet, about which very little was .nown in the western world.

#outh

merica

lexander von =umboldt was a /erman naturalist and explorer. =e travelled to #outh geology. ?. -ircle the correct answer. * * #ir <ounghusband was a) British , 3ussian, #wedish explorer. =umboldt was a /erman naturalist and) soldier, pilot, explorer. merica and described its !lora and !auna !or the !irst time. =is boo.s helped advance the !ields o! meteorology, botany and

#$011I"/ 7hich is the correct one8

1. #team ; steem ; stean 6. Betany ; botany ; bootey :. Tarrain ; terrein ; terrain ?. $lanets ; plenets ; planats @. &alaria ; malaria ; malaria 7rite sentences with the vocabulary you have learnt) 1. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 6. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ :. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ?. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ @. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ A. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 4. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 8. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 9. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 10. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++