Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes

Olavi Pikka, LicTech

1st - 12th October, 2012

University of the Republic School of Engineering

Department of Forest Products Technology

Department of Forest Products Technology UDELAR School of Engineering

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes

Lecture 1: Introduction to the course

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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Lecturers Personal Data

Olavi Pikka, born 1950 Studies at Helsinki University of Technology (Pulp & Paper Technology), MSc 1974, LicTech 1979. Working career:
HUT 1975 - 1979

Rauma-Repola Pori Works 1980 - 1986 Ahlstrm Machinery 1986 - 2000 Andritz-Ahlstrm 2000 2002 Andritz Oy 2002 Since August 2010 in Brazil Curitiba
Technology Director Fiber Line

E-mail: olavi.pikka@andritz.com

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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Course Structure and Schedule

Main schedule and time table Topics of the course

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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Main schedule
Topic 1. Introduction to kraft pulping and pulp mill fiberline 2. Fiberline unit processes 2.1 Woodyard/chip preparation 2.2 Cooking processes 2.3 Pulp Washing and screening 2.4 Oxygen delignification 2.5 Pulp bleaching 2.6 Post-screening, drying and baling 3. Course wrap up 3h 6h 6h 3h 6h 1h 2h
2.10 3-4.10 5-8.10 9.10 10-11.10 12.10. 12.10.

Hours 3h

Date
1.10

30 h
Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka
Department of Forest Products Technology UDELAR School of Engineering -5-

Lecture hours
Monday to Friday
18:30 21:30

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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1. Introduction to kraft pulping and the pulp mill fiberline

1. Purpose and targets of pulping processes From wood to bleached pulp fibers to be used for various end products Emphasis on kraft pulping; also other pulping processes mentioned (chemical and mechanical) 2. Kraft pulp mill Overview: fiberline and recovery Main unit processes of fiberline Main unit processes of recovery (briefly)

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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Pulp Mill

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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2.1 Woodyard/Chip preparation

1.

Purpose and targets of chip preparation

Required chip characteristics

2.

Woodyard operations
Overview Unit operations
Debarking Chipping Chip screening Storage and transportation Bark handling

3.

Specific features of plantation eucalyptus from the woodyard point of view (Fray Bentos woodyard as an example)
Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka
UDELAR School of Engineering

Department of Forest Products Technology

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2.2 Cooking process

1. 2. 3. Purpose and targets of cooking Main terminology Sulfate/kraft cooking chemistry Main reactions for bleachable sulfate pulp Reaction/process conditions Reaction pseudo-kinetics/H-factor Target level of delignification/yield 4. Strength delivery; fiber effects

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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2.2 Cooking process (continued)

Unit operations of cooking 1. Steaming of chips and air removal 2. Cooking liquor impregnation of chips (penetration and diffusion) 3. Chip bed operations Fluid dynamics/chip bed packing Displacement in the chip bed
Heat transfer operations Mass transfer operations/digester washing

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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2.2 Cooking process (cont.)

1.

Industrial cooking processes

Continuous cooking Batch cooking Modified cooking processes Cooking additives (PS, AQ)

2. 3.

Specific features of eucalyptus cooking Fray Bentos cooking process as an example of modern industrial cooking

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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2.3 Pulp washing and screening

1. 2. 3.

Purpose of pulp washing Terminology of pulp washing Washing calculations

Mass balances and washing efficiency calculations

4.

Industrial pulp washing practices

Washing equipment Washing systems/Fray Bentos as an example

5. 6. 7.

Purpose of pulp screening Theoretical aspects and terminology of screening Screening equipment and screening systems; location in the process
Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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2.4 Oxygen delignification

1. 2. 3. 4.

Purpose of oxygen delignification Oxygen delignification reactions Oxygen deliginfication parameters The performance of oxygen delignification
Delignification Pulp yield and strength

5.

Industrial oxygen delignification practices

One and two-stage systems Fray Bentos as an example

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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2.5 Pulp bleaching

1.

Introduction to bleaching:
Targets of bleaching Principle of multistage bleaching/bleaching sequence Roles of different bleaching chemicals and stages

2.

Delignifying in bleaching:
Targets and purposes Chlorine dioxide (reactions, process parameters, performance) Ozone and peroxide (reactions, process parameters, performance) Alkaline extraction (EO, EOP) (reactions, process parameters, performance) Hexenuronic acid removal (main aspects especially from euca point of view, A-stage process)
Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka
UDELAR School of Engineering

Department of Forest Products Technology

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2.5 Pulp bleaching (cont.)

1.

Brightening in bleaching:
Targets Chlorine dioxide brightnening (reactions, process parameters, performance) Peroxide bleaching (reactions, process parameters, performance)

2. 3.

Other bleaching chemicals (briefly) Industrial bleaching

Typical bleaching sequences (euca in particular) Bleach plant connections (washing, water circulations) Bleaching effluents

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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2.6 Pulp drying and baling

1.

Pulp drying and finishing department

Purposes and main unit processes and operations

2.

Post-screening
Why, what to remove? Centricleaning, reverse centricleaning

3.

Pulp drying machine

Principles White water system Machinery

4.

Baling

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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3. Wrap up Summary of the course Highlighting the most essential aspects Questions from you?

Pulp Mill Fiber Line Processes Olavi Pikka

Department of Forest Products Technology

UDELAR School of Engineering

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