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INTRODUCTION
Oral Care The oral care market can be segregated into toothpaste (60%), toothpowder (23%) and toothbrushes (17%) !hile 60% o" toothpaste is sold on the "amil# plat"orm, around 3$% is sold on cosmetic propositions %n the other hand, while toothpowder accounts "or $2% o" the market, red toothpowder accounts "or &0% and black toothpowder accounts '% The penetration le(el o" toothpaste)powder in urban areas is 3* that in the rural areas Traditional materials such as neem and tobacco are popular "or cleaning in the rural areas, +re,uenc# o" usage "or toothpaste is onl# 1 $ times among other consumers, compared with 2 times in the de(eloped world -er capita consumption o" toothpaste is onl# 70 gm compared with 300 gm in .urope and 1$0 gm in Thailand /i(en the low per capita consumption and penetration rates, toothpaste demand is mainl# being dri(en b# the o(erall market growth o" '010% The rural segment is also dri(ing toothpowder growth Indian Oral Care Market 2an# 1 people in 3ndia still clean their teeth with traditional products like 4eem twigs, salt, ash, tobacco or other herbal ingredients 5(erage 1 all 3ndia per capita consumption o" toothpaste is a dismal '2gms The 1 dentist to population ratio is a criticall# low 163$000 in the countr# This results in low oral h#giene consciousness and widespread dental diseases 7ess 1 than 1$% o" the 3ndian toothpaste users brush twice a da# The 1 toothpaste market grew at a 85/9 o" 70'% between 1::$02000 ;ut in 2001 the market grew b# onl# &% 8olgate 1 and <industan 7e(er together account "or o(er '$% o" the organi=ed toothpaste market 9ed 1 and ;lack toothpowder still accounts "or 3$% o" the toothpowder market 3n 1 toothpowders, 8olgate and >abur are the leading pla#ers sharing between them 7$% o" the market
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-enetration 1 o" toothpowder in the urban areas has been declining, as more and more consumers switch "rom powders to paste ;rand 1 lo#alt# is ,uite high "or toothpastes, but is e?tremel# low "or toothbrushes 10 1 #ears ago the most e?pensi(e toothbrush was priced at 9s& Toda# one can also bu# a toothbrush priced at 9s:::@
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Title of the Project 3n toda#As world customer is the ke# o" the success o" an# business Bo, 8ustomer beha(ior and its satis"action le(el pla# a ke# role in the sale o" the product ThatAs wh# we decided to keep the proCect title related to this ke# "actor called DSt d! on con" #er $ !in% $eha&ior and "ati"faction le&el for Col%ate Tooth'a"te" (ith reference to P ne Cit!)* 2ain purpose o" the stud# was to know the customer bu#ing beha(ior and demand into the minds o" customers o" -une cit# because alwa#s customers sa# something and do something 5t the same time as there are man# companies competing "or the same, that the customer is made to think about what, how, and "or whom to purchase the -roduct Therefore, re ear!h " re#$"re% &o 'ea $re (re e)& !o) $'er *$+")g *eha,"or a& &he ($r!ha e of Co-ga&e &oo&h(a &e . So &he re ear!her (ro*-e' " &o "%e)&"f+ /ha& are &he !r"&er"a &ha& (ro (e!&",e !$ &o'er &a0e ")&o !o) "%era&"o) *efore *$+")g &he 'o&or!+!-e . A- o af&er ($r!ha ")g, are &he !$ &o'er *e")g a&" f"e% or )o&1
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OBJECTIVE O+ T,E STUDTo 1 know market position o" 8olgate toothpastes To 1 know consumer beha(ior "or the purchase o" toothpastes To 1 identi"# the "actor which in"luences on consumer decision To 1 "ind the most use"ul medium in the selling o" toothpastes To 1 stud# the satis"action le(el o" consumers 3denti"#ing 1 possible areas o" 3mpro(ement
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SCOPE O+ T,E STUD,o( , #an" Think. +eel. and Act in the Market'lace
5t this (er# minute, thousands o" marketers are pitching their products to millions o" consumers around the world +rom call centers and in mall stores, on e;a# and in media placements, in blogs, and through pop0ups and podcasts <ow are consumers reacting to this cacophon# o" slogans and promisesE !hat persuades them to embrace some marketplace o""erings while spurning othersE !elcome to the "ascinating world o" consumers 3n this book, we describe, dissect, and discourse about 8onsumer ;eha(iorFhuman beha(ior in the world o" goods <ow we make our product choices and then wea(e them into the tapestr# o" our li(es <ow we consume to sustain and energi=e our bodies, "eed our minds, and construct our identities 3n 21 chapters long and short, we de"ine and describe almost all o" the concepts and principles o" consumer beha(ior, spin them into theories and models, and illustrate their applications "or the bene"it o" consumers as well as marketers !e take #ou, as well, on an e?cursion, (isiting encla(es o" esoteric and enchanted consumption Through such e?cursion and "orward0ga=ing, we bring our e?ploration to its logical "ruitionFto grasp the ,uintessential (alue o" consumption, and to understand how we should, as marketers, "ul"ill marketingGs ultimate purpose6 To become co0creators o" consumption (alue humans seek
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/IMITATIONS O+ T,E STUD9esearch 1 work was carried out in 8amp 5rea o" -une cit# o" 2aharashtra onl# so the "indings ma# not be applicable to the other parts o" the countr# because o" social and cultural di""erences The 1 sample was collected using con(enience0sampling techni,ues 5s such result ma# not gi(e an e?act representation o" the population Bhortage 1 o" time is also reason "or incomprehensi(eness The 1 (iews o" the people are biased there"ore it ma# not be re"lecting true picture
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OR0ANISATIONA/ PRO+I/E
COMPAN- PRO+I/E
It4" #! 'lea" re to (elco#e !o to the (orld of Col%ate5Pal#oli&e* The small soap and candle business that !illiam 8olgate began in 4ew Hork 8it# earl# in the 1:th centur# is now, more than 200 #ears later, a trul# global compan# ser(ing hundreds o" millions o" consumers worldwide %ur 2000#ear histor# re"lects the strength and inno(ation that 8olgate people ha(e used to constantl# trans"orm our 8ompan# and identi"# new opportunities !ith global brands sold in o(er 200 countriesI 8olgate, 2ennen, -almoli(e, 5Ca?, Bo"tsoap, and <illGs -et 4utrition are among the worldJs most recogni=able household names, trusted and relied upon b# consumers e(er#where 8olgate -eople, working around the world, share a commitment to our three core corporate (alues6 8aring, /lobal Teamwork and 8ontinuous 3mpro(ement These (alues are re"lected not onl# in the ,ualit# o" our products and the reputation o" our 8ompan#, but also in our dedication to ser(ing the communities where we do business
ABEDA INAMDAR SENIOR COLEGE Page 6
5s a leading consumer products compan# we are also deepl# committed to ad(ancing technolog# which can address changing consumer needs throughout the world 3n "act, our goal is to use our technolog# to create products that will continue to impro(e the ,ualit# o" li"e "or our consumers where(er the# li(e 5s a success"ul business, we are "ocused on achie(ing the consistent growth re,uired to continue our global success and to make us an e(en stronger compan# !e belie(e this is the best wa# to bene"it our consumers, our people and our shareholders
%K.9577 <3BT%9H
3n 1'06, !illiam 8olgate, himsel" a soap and candle maker, opened up a starch, soap and candle "actor# on >utch Btreet in 4ew Hork 8it# under the name o" L!illiam 8olgate M 8ompan#L 3n the 1'&0s, the "irm began selling indi(idual cakes o" soap in uni"orm weights 3n 1'$7, !illiam 8olgate died and the compan# was reorgani=ed as L8olgate M 8ompan#L under the management o" Bamuel 8olgate, his son 3n 1'72, 8olgate introduced Cashmere Bouquet, a per"umed soap 3n 1'73, the "irm introduced its "irst toothpaste, an aromatic toothpaste sold in Cars <is compan# sold the "irst toothpaste in a tube, Colgate Ribbon Dental Cream, in 1':6 3n 1':6, 8olgate hired 2artin 3ttner and under his direction "ounded one o" the "irst applied research labsN&O ;# 1:0' the# initiated mass selling o" toothpaste in tubes <is other son, Pames ;oorman 8olgate, was a primar# trustee o" 8olgate Qni(ersit# ("ormerl# 2adison Qni(ersit#)
3n 2ilwaukee, !isconsin, the L; P Pohnson 8ompan#L was making a soap entirel# o" palm and oli(e oil, the "ormula o" which was de(eloped b# ; P Pohnson in 1':' The soap was popular enough to rename their compan# a"ter it 0 L-almoli(eL N$O 5t the turn o" the centur# -almoli(e, which contained both palm and oli(e oils, was the worldJs best0selling soap, and e?tensi(e ad(ertising included The Palmolive Hour, a weekl# radio concert program which began in 1:27 and -almoli(e ;eaut# ;o? Theater which ran "rom 1:3& to 1:37 5 Ransas0based soap manu"acturer known as the L-eet ;rothersL merged with -almoli(e to become -almoli(e0-eet 3n 1:2', -almoli(e0-eet bought the 8olgate 8ompan# to create the 8olgate0-almoli(e0-eet 8ompan# 3n 1:$3 L-eetL was dropped "rom the title, lea(ing onl# L8olgate0-almoli(e 8ompan#L, the current name
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8olgate0-almoli(e has long been in "ierce competition with -rocter M /amble, the worldJs largest soap and detergent maker -M/ introduced its Tide laundr# detergent shortl# a"ter !orld !ar 33, and thousands o" consumers turned "rom 8olgateJs soaps to the new product 8olgate lost its number one place in the toothpaste market when -M/ started putting "luoride in its toothpaste 3n the beginning o" tele(ision, L8olgate0-almoli(eL wished to compete with -rocter M /amble as a sponsor o" soap operas 5lthough the compan# sponsored man# shows in part, the# "ull# sponsored the serial The Doctors
/eorge <enr# 7esch was president, 8.%, and chairman o" the board o" 8olgate0-almoli(e in the 1:60s and 1:70s, during that time trans"ormed it into a modern compan# with maCor restructuring
3n 200$, 8olgate sold the under0per"orming brands +ab, >#namo, 5rctic -ower, 5;8, 8old -ower and +resh Btart, as well as the license o" the 5Ca? brand "or laundr# detergents in the Q B , 8anada and -uerto 9ico, to -hoeni? ;rands, 778 as part o" their plan to "ocus on their higher margin oral, personal, and pet care products N6O 3n 2006, 8olgate0-almoli(e announced the intended ac,uisition o" TomJs o" 2aine, a leading maker o" natural toothpaste, "or QB S100 million TomJs o" 2aine was "ounded b# Tom 8happell in 1:70
Toda#, 8olgate has numerous subsidiar# organisations spanning 200 countries, but it is publicl# listed in onl# two, the Qnited Btates and 3ndia
3n Pune 2007, counter"eit 8olgate toothpaste imported "rom 8hina was "ound to be contaminated with dieth#lene gl#col, and se(eral people in eastern Q B reported e?periencing headaches and pain a"ter using the product N7O The tainted products can be identi"ied b# the claim to be manu"actured in Bouth 5"rica b# 8olgate0-almoli(e Bouth 5"rica 7T>, the# are $o=)100ml tubes (a si=e which 8olgate does not sell in the Qnited Btates) and the tubes)packaging contain numerous misspellings on their labels 8olgate0-almoli(e claims that the# do not import their products "rom Bouth 5"rica into the Qnited Btates or 8anada and that >./ is ne(er and was ne(er used in an# o" their products an#where in the world The counter"eit products were "ound in smaller Lmom and popL stores, dollar stores and discount stores in at least "our states
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3n 1':0, 2adison Qni(ersit# in 4ew Hork Btate was re0named 8olgate Qni(ersit# in honor o" the 8olgate "amil# "ollowing decades o" "inancial support and in(ol(ement N:O The 8olgate0-almoli(e 8ompan# has sponsored a non0pro"it track meet open to women o" all ages This e(ent is called the 8olgate !omenJs /ames The 8olgate !omenJs /ames is the nationJs largest amateur track series open to all girls "rom elementar# school through college <eld at ;rookl#nJs -ratt 3nstitute, competitors participate in preliminar# meets and semi0"inals o(er "i(e weekends throughout Panuar# +inalists compete "or trophies and educational grants0in0 aid "rom 8olgate0-almoli(e 8ompan# at 4ew Hork 8it#Js 2adison B,uare /arden in +ebruar#
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8olgate Total 12
8olgate Bensiti(e
8olgate Rids
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8olgate <erbal
8olgate 8ibaca
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8olgate 2a?white
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Tooth$r "he"
8olgate 2assager
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Tooth'o(der
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MAR3ET S,ARE
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A1ARDS
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T,EOROTICA/ PROSPECTIVE
5nal#=ing 8onsumer ;eha(ior +58T%9B 34+7Q.4834/ 8%4BQ2.9 ;.<5K3%9 ;QH34/ 9%7.B TH-.B %+ ;QH34/ ;.<5K3%9 T<. ;QH34/ >.83B3%4 -9%8.BB
+58T%9B 34+7Q.4834/ 8%4BQ2.9 ;.<5K3%9 CU/TURA/ +ACTORS2 8ulture Bub0culture Bocial 8lass
ABEDA INAMDAR SENIOR COLEGE Page 22
B%8357 +58T%9B6 9e"erence groups +amil# 9oles M statuses PERSONA/ +ACTORS2 5ge and 7i"e08#cle Btage %ccupation .conomic 8ircumstances 7i"est#le -ersonalit# M Bel"0concept
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B !in% Role" INITIATOR6 The "irst person to suggest the idea o" bu#ing INFL !NC!R6 5 person whose (iews impact the bu#ing decision D!CID!R6 The person who decides on what, when M where to bu# the product or ser(ice
B "!R6 The actual purchaser #!R6 The person who uses)consumes the product or ser(ice T<. ;QH34/ >.83B3%4 -9%8.BB
ABEDA INAMDAR SENIOR COLEGE Page 24
-roblem)need 9ecognition 3n"ormation Bearch .(aluation %" 5lternati(es -urchase >ecision -ost purchase ;eha(ior
-9%;7.2) 4..> 9.8%/43T3%4 +rom 3nternal Btimuli6 Hunger Thirst Fear +rom .?ternal Btimuli6 Neighbor$s Purchases A%vertisements &in%o' #ho((ing Ne's(a(ers ) *aga+ines
IN+ORMATION SEARC, +rom -ersonal Bources6 Famil, Frien%s Neighbors Acquaintances +rom 8ommercial Bources6 A%vertisements Dealers #ales(ersons Pac-aging Dis(la,s +rom -ublic Bources6 *ass *e%ia Chambers o. Commerce Consumer Rating *aga+ines
PURC,ASE DECISION Interferin% +actor"2 Attitu%es o. Others6 %pposing and intense opinions o" "amil# members, close "riends and ac,uaintances nantici(ate% situational .actors6 8hanges in income, Cob trans"er, loss o" emplo#ment, change o" priorit# e g sudden pa#ment o" educational "ees etc
POST PURC,ASE BE,AVIOR Po"t ' rcha"e Sati"faction2 0ee( the Pro%uct #tore the Pro%uct Convert to a #econ% se Po"t ' rcha"e Di""ati"faction6 Tr, to return the (ro%uct1ta-e legal recourse Rent it 2et ri% o. it1Thro' it
MET,ODO/O0- 6 PROCEDURE
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Re"earch de"i%n 5 research design is the detailed blue print used to guide a research stud# towards its obCecti(es 3t helps to collect, measure and anal#sis o" data The present stud# seeks to "ind out the consumers attitude towards bu#ing o" bike The stud# also aims at "indings out the drawbacks o" the marketing set up o" <ero <onda Bo this makes the stud# a descripti(e one T!'e of Re"earch The stud# undertaken is o" D>escripti(e 9esearch in nature Nat re of Re"earch The stud# is D,uantitati(e in nature 3t is structured, standardi=ed, ,uestion based inter(iew T!'e" of 7 e"tion The t#pes o" ,uestion asked during the stud# are DBtraight "orward and limited probing Total number o" ,uestions6 10 Total number o" close ended ,uestions6 ' Total number o" open ended ,uestions6 2
ANA/-SIS O+ DATA
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So rce" of Data Secondar! So rce 3n this stud# the secondar# data is collected "rom the "ollowing sources 1 8ompan#As website 2 9eports o" 8ompan# 3 >iscussion with marketing and sales sta"" & ;ooks on 2arketing and 9esearch methodolog# Pri#ar! So rce The -rimar# source o" collecting data "or research is6 Vuestionnaire "illed b# the customers o" Toothpaste indust# WThe common man
Re"earch Techni8 e
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3n this stud# the Dsur(e# method is used as a research techni,ue This method helps to obtain right in"ormation "rom respondents Contact Method 3n this stud# D-ersonal .?it inter(iew it is taken as a tool "or the contact method 3n which the personal inter(iew is conducted with customers o" !estside
SAMP/IN0 P/AN
Bampling is a process o" obtaining The in"ormation about the entire population b# e?amine a part o" it The e""ecti(eness o" the research depends on the sample si=e selected "or the sur(e# purpose
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9B:Sa#'lin% Unit25 3t means D!ho is to be sur(e#ed <ere target population is decided and it is who are purchasers o" toothpastes D and sampling "rame is de(eloped so that e(er#one in the target
population has known chance o" being sampled Bo the sur(e# is conducted particularl# in -une cit#
9C:Sa#'le "i;e25
ABEDA INAMDAR SENIOR COLEGE Page 21
+or the purpose o" proper sur(e#, there is need o" per"ect research instruments to "ind out sample si=e "or more accurate result about bu#ing beha(ior o" bike The sample si=e is 100 respondents 9D: Sa#'le Ele#ent The sample element o" research is customer o" toothpastes, the common population 9E: Sa#'le E<tent The sample e?tent is limited to a part o" -une cit# 9+: Sa#'le D ration The sample duration between +ebruar# 2011 and 2arch 2011 90: Sa#'lin% Proced re The sampling procedure "ollowed is con(enience Re"earch In"tr #ent 3n this stud# the research instrument is DVuestionnaire 3t consists o" set o" ,uestion presented to respondents The ,uestionnaire is structured M combinations o" (arious close and open ended ,uestions 8lose ended ,uestion alread# ha(e the possible answers and the open ended ,uestion allow the respondents to answer in their own word
ANA/-SIS O+ DATA
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Major +indin%"
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The o(er all conclusion deri(ed "rom this stud# is that the Col%ate tooth'a"te ind "tr! enCo#s a (er# good M strong position in 3ndian market, as such toothpaste is one o" most demanded M necessar# goods o" da# to da# use without which urban 3ndians will "ind it reall# di""icult to clean their tooth 9ural people can sur(i(e without it, but when it comes to the oral h#giene use o" toothpaste is ad(isable b# doctors also .(er# section o" the societ# whether it is middle, upper middle or higher segment uses toothpaste especiall# in urban areas ;asicall# as per the research it is "ound that the maCor section o" the #outh population uses one or the other toothpaste in which "reshness, protection against tooth deca# and whitening is maCor attributes "or him 2id ,ualit# toothpaste has maCor market share in urban areas Bome medicinal toothpaste like .mo"orm, Bene,uel0+, etc are also attracting customers 5t the same time herbal paste as well as brand sold through direct marketing like 982, /lister etc also penetrating the market The maCor aspect o" consumer bu#ing beha(ior in terms o" promotional bene"its which came into being a"ter this research is that i" the consumers are satis"ied with the ,ualit# M other maCor aspects o" the respecti(e commodit#, some small bene"its or schemes are not going to distract them with their ;rand lo#alt# 5s such in this stud# it is "ound that although consumers are not satis"ied M not ha(ing proper knowledge about (arious promotional schemes o" their toothpaste, but still the# are satis"ied, want to continue M recommend the same brand to others too This o(er all stud# re(eals the "act that it is the "unctionalit# in terms o" e""icienc# M e""ecti(eness o" the product which o(erall a""ects the consumer purchase decision0making brand promotion, ad(ertisements celebrit# endorsement onl# can not attract a consumer Bo the marketer should use more e""ecti(e tools to communicate the same to its target customers apart "rom attracting "or additional bene"its M o""ers
CONC/USION
0 0 Col%ate hold" the "tron%e"t Po"ition in the Indian Market Peo'le" $eha&ior to(ard" choice of tooth'a"te i" &olatile a" 'er chan%e
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0 0 0
Con" #er deci"ion i" lar%el! infl enced a" 'er 8 alit!. 'ackin% and re' tation T*V* ad&erti"e#ent "er&e a" a $e"t #edi # of "ellin% tooth'a"te C "to#er "ati"faction i" 'ro&ided
7UESTIONAIRE
4ame6 5ge6 %ccupation6
ABEDA INAMDAR SENIOR COLEGE Page 28
Be?6 2ale
+emale
1)!hat mode do #ou use "or cleaning #our teethE a) Toothpaste b) Toothpowder c) >atun(Btick) d) %thers 2) !hich 8ompan#Gs toothpaste do #ou useE a)8olgate b)<770 -epsodent c)>abur
3)Hour reason "or a particular brand pre"erence E a)packaging b),ualit# c)ad(ertisement &)!hich 8olgate toothpaste do #ou pre"erE a)/el b)<erbal ingredients c)!hitening $)!hat attributes do #ou pre"er while choosing a brandE a)-ackaging b)5nti tooth deca# c)!hitening
6) !hich o" the "ollowin "actors do #ou take into considerations while choosing a toothpasteE a)cultural b)social c)personal d)ps#chocological
7) !hich ;rands ad(ertisement do #ou "ollow mostE a)8olgate b)-epsodent c)8lose0up d)<erbal e) 2eswake
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:) >o the ;rand 5mbassaodors 5""ect #our choice o" bu#ingE a) Hes b) 4o
10)>oes the "act that 8olgate is appro(ed b# 3ndian >ental 5ssociation in"luence #ou to bu# colgate productsE a) Hes b) 4o
RECOMMENDATION
The emerging #outh population is an opportunit# "or marketers 5s one o" 3ndiaGs leading Toothpaste selling companies 8olgate has a big market to sustain and continue with its success"ul sur(i(al The 8ompan# should anal#=e their strateg#, as a large percentage o" the population is not aware about the promotion and o""ers
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Figure No.
Illustration
Page No.
1 2 3
3& 3$ 3$
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& $
36 37
LIST OF TA LES
Figure No.
Illustration
Page No.
1 2
21
BIB/IO0RAP,X -hilip Rotlar and /ar# 5rmstrong, -rinciples o" 2arketing, .le(enth .dition, -earson -rentice <all, -erson .ducation, 3nc , Qpper Baddle 9i(er, 4ew Perse# 07&$', 8op#right0 2006,200&,2001,1::: and 1::6 X
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-hilip Rotlar and Re(in 7ane Reller, 2arketing 2anagement, .le(enth .dition, -earson -rentice <all, -erson .ducation, 3nc , Qpper Baddle 9i(er, 4ew Perse# 07&$', 8op#right0 2006,2003,2000,1:'7,1::&
1EB/IO0RAP,3nternet (www wikipedia comI 8olgate toothpaste com, etc ) X Karious marketing M sales 9eport on 8olgate toothpaste X 4ewspaper0 5rticle (The >ail# Btar) X /oogle search
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