Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Trujillo 2011
PRCTICA DE AULA
Anlisis de la influencia del ngulo de apertura en las prdidas de carga en una vlvula de globo o determinacin del coeficiente de prdidas de la vlvula K. OBJETIVOS: 1. Hallar las prdidas de carga de los conductos L1y L2. 2. Hallar la influencia del ngulo () o ngulo de apertura de la vlvula sobre el coeficiente de prdidas.
DATOS PARA LA SIMULACIN 1. De=Ds=20 mm. 2. Longitud de desarrollo = L1= L2= 3. Material: Fundicin de hierro maleable, e=0,26 mm 4. Q= Caudal volumtrico=0.005 m3 Pe,Ps,P1,P2 son presiones estticas. 5. Fluido: agua (=1000 Kg/m3. CONSIDERACIONES PARA EL FLUJO: Fluido incompresible. Flujo permanente. Sistema Adiabtico y aislado. T=293.15K (dada en la entrada) Flujo sin gravedad.
COMENTARIO SOBRE LA VLVULA. Cuando se ve el ensamblaje de la vlvula en SolidWorks se puede notar que esta est cerrada completamente a partir de los 51. Pero se har una simulacin tomando 60 para observar el comportamiento de la simulacin y los resultados. CLCULOS. Velocidad : Reynolds: Longitud de las tuberas igual a la longitud de desarrollo:
PROCEDIMIENTO PARA OBTENER EL COEFICIENTE DE PRDIDAS. Se tiene que las prdidas totales son iguales a: Se tiene que para 0 las prdidas de las vlvula son cero as que para este ngulo se tiene:
Donde
RESULTADOS DE LA SIMULACIN PARA DETERMINAR LA PRESION DE ENTRADA SEGN EL NGULO DE APERTURA DE LA VLVULA.
System Info Product Computer name User name Processors Memory Operating system CAD version CPU speed General Info Model Flow Simulation 2011 0.0. Build: 1440 GLMERVASQUEZA Glmer Vasquez A Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU M 430 @ 2.27GHz 3894 MB / 8388607 MB Service Pack 1 (Build 7601) SolidWorks 2011 SP0.0 2267 MHz
Units system Analysis type Exclude cavities without flow conditions Coordinate system Reference axis
C:\Users\Glmer Vasquez A\Desktop\MAS DOCUMENTOS\VII\MECNICA DE FLUIDOS II\LABORATORIO CFD\II\FloWorks\ball valve.sldasm Analisis de valvula globo # C:\Users\Glmer Vasquez A\Desktop\MAS DOCUMENTOS\VII\MECNICA DE FLUIDOS II\LABORATORIO CFD\II\FloWorks\6 SI (m-kg-s) Internal On Global coordinate system X
Initial Mesh Settings Automatic initial mesh: On Result resolution level: 5 Advanced narrow channel refinement: Off Refinement in solid region: Off Geometry Resolution Evaluation of minimum gap size: Automatic Evaluation of minimum wall thickness: Automatic Computational Domain Size X min X max -0.713 m 0.713 m
Y min Y max Z min Z max Boundary Conditions 2D plane flow At X min At X max At Y min At Y max At Z min At Z max Physical Features Heat conduction in solids: Off Time dependent: Off Gravitational effects: Off Flow type: Turbulent only Cavitation: Off High Mach number flow: Off Default roughness: 260.0 micrometer Default wall conditions: Adiabatic wall Initial Conditions Thermodynamic parameters Velocity parameters
Static Pressure: 101325.00 Pa Temperature: 293.20 K Velocity vector Velocity in X direction: 0 m/s Velocity in Y direction: 0 m/s Velocity in Z direction: 0 m/s
Material Settings
Fluids: Water
Boundary Conditions
Inlet Volume Flow 1 Type Faces Coordinate system Reference axis Flow parameters Inlet Volume Flow Face <1LID1-1@> Face Coordinate System X Flow vectors direction: Normal to face Volume flow rate normal to face: 0.0050 m^3/s Fully developed flow: Yes Temperature: 278.00 K
Static Pressure Face <1LID2-1@> Face Coordinate System X Static pressure: 400000.00 Pa Temperature: 293.00 K
Disabled
DI ME NSI ON ES DE
LA TUBERA DE ENTRADA (IGUAL PARA LA SALIDA) EST DADA POR LA LONGITUD EN QUE EL FLUJO SE CONVIERTE EN COMPLETAMENTE DESARROLLADO.
REFERENCIA DE LOS ANGULOS DE APERTURA DE LA VALVULA, TOMADA DESDE EL EJE CENTRAL DE LA TUBERA.
DIMENSIONES DE LA TUBERA.
RESULTADOS
23:20:11 , Jun 15
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z 362 6 6
Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells Irregular cells Trimmed cells Maximum refinement level: 1
Goals
Name SG Av Static Pressure 1 SG Av Velocity 1 Unit Pa Value 1319624.44 Progress 100 Use in convergence Delta Criteria On 1623.42086 8927.67081
m/s
15.913
100
On
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Minimum -128927.59 277.97 Maximum 1320331.61 278.32
Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity [m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3]
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells 362 6 6
0 20
Goals
Name Unit Value Progress Use in Delta Criteria convergence On 11208.8265 11823.2427
1503212.03 100
-15.984
100
On
1.59840776 e-007
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity [m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3] Minimum -224280.50 293.15 0 -51.386 -18.915 -19.590 293.15 0 0 0 997.47 Maximum 1505282.47 293.55 51.403 13.050 18.920 16.635 293.55 23230.07 0 0 997.57
criteria are satisfied: 182 Goals are converged Calculation finished 183
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells Irregular cells Trimmed cells Maximum refinement level: 1 362 6 6
Goals
Name SG Av Static Pressure 1 SG Av Velocity 1 Unit Pa Value Progress Use in Delta Criteria convergence On 3036.90381 26760.6131
1941017.23 100
m/s
15.914
100
On
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity [m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Minimum 1939361.14 277.80 0 -24.309 -22.146 -36.496 277.80 0 Maximum 1943088.28 278.66 71.634 71.508 22.131 22.943 278.66 39636.50
Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3]
0 0 1000.52
0 0 1000.65
21:29:49 , Jun 14
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells Irregular cells Trimmed cells Maximum refinement level: 1 362 6 6
Goals
Name Unit Value Progress Use in Delta convergence Criteria
Pa
2766798.51 100
On
3036.90381 26760.6131
m/s
15.914
100
On
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity [m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3] Minimum -632632.17 277.80 0 -24.309 -22.146 -36.496 277.80 0 0 0 1000.52 Maximum 2767503.94 278.66 71.634 71.508 22.131 22.943 278.66 39636.50 0 0 1000.65
Units system Analysis type Exclude cavities without flow conditions Coordinate system Reference axis
CFD\II\FloWorks\ball valve.sldasm ANLISIS VLVULA DE GLOBO 20 (5) C:\Users\Glmer Vasquez A\Desktop\MAS DOCUMENTOS\VII\MECNICA DE FLUIDOS II\LABORATORIO CFD\II\FloWorks\6 SI (m-kg-s) Internal On Global coordinate system X
General Info
Iterations: 133 CPU time: 1444 s Log Mesh generation started Mesh generation normally finished Preparing data for calculation Calculation started 0 Calculation has converged since the following criteria are satisfied: 132 Goals are converged 132 Calculation finished 133 18:18:10 , Jun 18 18:18:41 , Jun 18 18:18:45 , Jun 18 18:18:57 , Jun 18 18:44:16 , Jun 18
18:44:38 , Jun 18
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells Irregular cells Trimmed cells Maximum refinement level: 2 362 4 6
Goals
Name Unit Value Progress Use in Delta Criteria
4373153.98 100
15.962
100
On
1.59622872 e-007
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity [m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3] Minimum -1242388.19 292.66 0 -29.753 -36.853 -65.129 292.66 0 0 0 997.30 Maximum 4374809.42 294.24 89.729 88.637 36.924 64.425 294.24 70921.48 0 0 997.69
00:24:15 , Jun 15
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells Irregular cells Trimmed cells Maximum refinement level: 2 336 4 6
Goals
Name SG Av Static Pressure 1 SG Av Velocity 1 Unit Pa Value 1.61e+007 Progress 100 Use in Delta Criteria convergence On 1558.09644 253587.046
m/s
15.615
100
On
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity [m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3] Minimum -4698233.20 277.04 0 -42.861 -82.903 -86.491 277.04 0 0 0 999.97 Maximum 1.61e+007 281.90 149.239 139.942 84.933 79.812 281.90 261371.87 0 0 1000.77
14:56:45 , Jun 19
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells Irregular cells 326 4 6
16
Goals
Name Unit Value 8.45e+007 Progress 100 Use in Delta Criteria convergence On 783273.384 1128525.09
15.952
100
On
1.59517326 e-007
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity [m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3] Minimum -1.96e+007 282.66 0 -96.522 -146.934 -191.751 282.66 0 0 0 992.97 Maximum 8.45e+007 308.78 335.239 298.449 147.143 159.048 308.78 798390.07 0 0 999.83
03:01:22 , Jun 15
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells Irregular cells Trimmed cells Maximum refinement level: 2 322 4 6
Goals
Name SG Av Static Pressure 1 SG Av Velocity 1 Unit Pa Value 3.15e+008 Progress 100 Use in Delta Criteria convergence On 388590.546 3461848.96
m/s
15.966
100
On
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity [m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3] Minimum -2.88e+007 253.88 0 -145.178 -288.357 -434.411 253.88 0 0 0 972.61 Maximum 3.15e+008 352.24 562.867 561.641 290.549 340.491 352.24 2823008.64 0 0 1001.30
Log Mesh generation started Mesh generation normally finished Preparing data for calculation Calculation started 0 Calculation has converged since the following criteria are satisfied: 162 Goals are converged 162 Calculation finished 163
19:35:13 , Jun 18 19:35:40 , Jun 18 19:35:44 , Jun 18 19:35:54 , Jun 18 20:07:53 , Jun 18
20:08:13 , Jun 18
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells Irregular cells Trimmed cells Maximum refinement level: 2 320 4 6
Goals
Name Unit Value 1.63e+010 Progress 100 Use in Delta convergence On 108159308 Criteria 109152416
-15.954
100
On
1.59544129 e-007
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity Minimum -9.19e+008 2.75 0 -4107.713 Maximum 1.63e+010 2826.99 4109.324 672.194
[m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3]
Calculation Mesh
Basic Mesh Dimensions Number of cells in X Number of cells in Y Number of cells in Z Number Of Cells Total cells Fluid cells Solid cells Partial cells Irregular cells Trimmed cells Maximum refinement level: 1 369 6 8
Goals
Name SG Av Static Pressure 1 SG Av Velocity 1 Unit Pa Value 101325.00 Progress 100 Use in Delta convergence On 0 Criteria 0.00101325
m/s
1.351e-008
100
On
Min/Max Table
Name Pressure [Pa] Temperature [K] Velocity [m/s] X - Component of Velocity [m/s] Y - Component of Velocity [m/s] Z - Component of Velocity [m/s] Fluid Temperature [K] Shear Stress [Pa] Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m^2/K] Surface Heat Flux [W/m^2] Density [kg/m^3] Minimum 101325.00 278.00 0 -1.233e-006 -8.735e-007 -7.859e-007 278.00 0 0 0 997.56 Maximum 400000.00 293.20 1.322e-006 1.297e-006 7.348e-007 9.364e-007 293.20 1.72e-007 0 0 1000.62
PRESION DE ENTRADA (Pa) 1319624.44 1503212.03 1941017.23 2766798.51 4373153.98 1.61e+007 8.45e+007 3.15e+008 1.63e+010
De la tabla anterior se tiene la respuesta al primer objetivo planteado dado que para 0 las perdidas son solo para la tubera entonces:
COEFICIENTE DE PRDIDAS K. 1.4496 4.9076 11.4273 20.1112 116.7084 656.806 2476.8735 128697.2162
Grfica del coeficiente de resistencia de la vlvula globo versus el Angulo que se desplaza la llave la vlvula de globo.
Conclusiones: Respecto a la grfica se puede decir que el factor de prdidas se hace muy grande cuando el ngulo pasa de los 45 y debido adems que los tiempos de simulacin para ngulos cercanos al ngulo de cierre son bastante largos. Respecto al resultado para el ngulo de 60 el programa arroja la presin atmosfrica y una velocidad cero para la parte de entrada y como se sabe al estar completamente cerrada no tiene sentido evaluar el coeficiente de prdidas y es por eso que el programa nos arroja que la presin de entrada es la exterior que se da en la simulacin, aunque para un ngulo de cierre total y segn la grfica se puede decir que el coeficiente tiende a infinito. Para aplicaciones con la vlvula y para tener mayor exactitud en el clculo de prdidas sera ptimo que se realicen las simulaciones primera entre 0 y 30 y luego entre 30 y 50 debido a que a partir de 30 el coeficiente se incrementa muy rpido y con valores muy altos.