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GD House: Tribal Rebellions

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25 May 2012

Tribal Rebellions
Around 8% of the Indian population (68 million) constitute the Indian tribes. Almost all the Indian states have tribal population spread uniformly in almost all the districts. The Kuki tribes of north east, Thakar of Maharashtra, Dhodia and Maldhari of Gujarat, Santhals of Odisha, Jharkhand, Bihar and West Bengal, and various tribes of Andaman & Nicobar Islands, are some of the many tribal names. Some of these tribes also took part in the Indian independence struggle against the British, mostly in the 19th century, while some tribal uprisings took place against the non-tribal Indians. Some of the rebellions are listed below:

Kuki Uprising, Tripura 1860

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Kukis are the tribes of Manipur, Nagaland, Assam and Mizoram states of India, and Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh and few parts of Burma. In 1860, a massive uprising among the Kuki tribes took place in Tipperah (Kingdom of Tripura). In a village called as Chagulneyah, around 15 villages were plundered, 185 Britishers were butchered and around 100 were kept as captives. This was actually an invasion of Kuki tribes in Tripura, which resulted into mass killing of both the local masses and Britishers. The Kuki people reached to their maximum extent upto Chittagong, which was a part of British Bengal. This was among the first uprising against the non-Kukis in north eastern India.

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Halba Rebellion, Bastar 1774-1779

The Halba Rebellion in Bastar district of present day Chhattisgarh, changed the whole history of Bastar. The Governor of Dongar, Ajmer Singh, initiated the rebellion in 1774, in order to create a separate state of Dongar. At that time, Dongar was under the Nagpur Province, which was later added to the Central Provinces in 1853. The uprising took place due to lack of money and food among the common people, which was a result of drought that took place in that area. The revolt was suppressed by the British and Marathas.

Chuar Rebellion, Midnapore & Bankura 1799-1800

Famine, enhanced taxes, economic distress and other reasons, led to the Chuar Rebellion in Midnapore and Bankura districts of Bengal. The 1500 peasants of backward classes and tribal people, under the leadership of the Zamindar Durjan Singh, created havoc in the districts. The rebel was cruelly suppressed by the Britishers.

Bhil Rebellion

The Bhil tribes of Central India, took part in rebellions against the Britishers in the 19th century at various times. The rebellion of 1809-1828, was the biggest rebellion, which took place for nearly two decades. In 1846, the Bhils under Kuwar Jiva Vasavo rebelled against the British in western India. During the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny, the Bhils rebelled under Bhagoji Naik and Kajar Singh, in Ahmednagar (now in Maharashtra). In 1858, Tantya Tope lead a rebellion in Banswara district of Rajputana.

Paralkot Rebellion, Central Provinces 1825

In the Chhattisgarh division of Central Provinces, in 1825, the Paralkot Rebellion took place. The cause of agitation was the attack of British and Marathas on the Abujhmaria tribe. The rebellion was headed by Gend Singh. Another reason was the imposition of heavy tax on the peasants of Paralkot by the Marathas. The rebellion was soon suppressed.

Tarapur Rebellion, Bastar 1842-1854

In the Central Provinces, the Bastar district witnessed another tribal revolt by the natives of Bastar, which is known as Tarapur Rebellion. The natives feared the suppression of their local culture and the heavy taxes imposed on them by Britishers and Marathas, and so between 1842-1854, a major rebellion occurred in the area.

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Maria Rebellion, Bastar 1842-1863

GD House: Tribal Rebellions

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The age old practice of human sacrifice was being suppressed by the British. This was supported by the Marathas. The constant interference of the Marathas and British in the cultural practices of the tribal people in that area, caused a heavy uprising between 1842-1863. The rebel was crushed by the joint effort of Marathas and Britishers.

Santhal Rebellion, Jharkhand 1855

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Lead by four Murmu brothers, Sindhu, Kanhu, Chand and Bhairav, the Santhal Rebellion was started in 1855 by the Santhal tribes of eastern India against the Britishers. The Santhals lived in areas of present day Odisha, Jharkhand and Bihar. But the Britishers restricted them to Rajmahal district of Bihar. The Zamindars and local land lords together with Britishers started suppressing the tribal Santhals. High taxes, turning the local people into slaves, sexually harassment of Santhal women, and many other factors, led to the Santhal Uprising in 1855. Although the rebellion was suppressed by Britishers, but they saw bravery and fierceness of Santhal tribal people.

Koi Revolt, Bastar 1859

The British contractors of Hyderabad had their business of cutting the Sal trees of Bastar region. The Sal tree was considered as sacred for the Koi people living there, and so in order to protect the trees, the Koi tribes fought against the British. The Britishers used to exploit the local Koi people mentally and economically, which was also one of the reasons of the uprising.

Gond Rebellion, Adilabad 1860

The Gonds of Adilabad (in modern day Andhra Pradesh) are the descendants of Gond Rajas, which ruled the area during ancient era. Ramji Gond formed an army, and rebelled against the British, as the local people were unhappy for separating out Berar from the Hyderabad province of the Nizams. The rebel took place in 1860. Although the rebellion was suppressed in the same year, Adilabad witnessed a series of revolts and uprisings against the British government in the future decades.

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Bhumkal Rebellion, Bastar 1910

Select Language The biggest rebellion in Bastar, was the Bhumkal Rebellion which took place in 1910. The revolt was the struggle against the Britishers in order to protect their forests and natural resources from being exploited by the Britishers. The uprising took its full form, when the local tribal people were prohibited to use the wood and timber, and the permit to use these was given only to the British contractors. Among the previous rebellions led by the tribal people in Bastar, this was the most vigorous and fierce one, which had a great impact in the Indian independence struggle.
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Kuki Uprising, Manipur 1917-1919

After the First World War of 1914-1918, an uprising took place in Manipur against the British government by the Kuki people, which is known as the Kuki Uprising of 1917-1919. The main reason was the partial recruitment of the Kuki tribes in the British Indian Army, to fight in the WWI in Mesopotamia (Iraq) as First Labor Corps. Another reason was, that when the Maharaja of Manipur gave commitment to the British government to send the Kuki people as troops at France during WWI without the consent of Kuki chiefs, it disturbed the sentiments of the Kuki people. The Kuki people never tolerated the interference of the Britishers in their matters and often regarded them as impure. Battles were fought at various places of Manipur like Lonpi, Ngulbul, Longya and Imphal. The British posts were attacked vigorously, and there was a whole scene of civil uneasiness between the British troops, Kuki people, and the army of Maharaja of Manipur.

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Rampa Rebellion, Vizagapatam

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GD House: Tribal Rebellions

Sagar Srivastava
The first Rampa Rebellion took place in 1879 at Vizagapatam (Vishakhapatnam) by the local tribes of Vizagapatam Hill Tracts Agency. The cause of the rebellion was the imposing of taxes on toddy production by the British Madras government. The second Rampa Rebellion was fought in 1921-1923, in order to oppose the British government, which introduced the Madras Forest Act 1882. According to the act, the movement of tribal people in the forest was made restricted and tax was imposed in toddy consumption and production.
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Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adivasi http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/3516179?uid=3738256& uid=2129& uid=2& uid=70& uid=4& sid=47699032672967 http://www.mapsofindia.com/chhattisgarh/history/halba-rebellion.html http://www.gktoday.in/chuar-rebellion-1799/ http://www.mapsofindia.com/chhattisgarh/history/paralkot-rebellion.html http://www.mapsofindia.com/chhattisgarh/history/tarapur-rebellion.html http://www.mapsofindia.com/chhattisgarh/history/maria-rebellion.html http://anarchyindia.wordpress.com/the-tribal-revolt/koi-revolt-1859/ http://www.nirmalcity.com/adilabad_information.html http://www.mapsofindia.com/chhattisgarh/history/bhumkal.html http://www.saujanyabooks.com/details.aspx?id=28799& ISBN-8187502908/Kuki-Uprising-in-Manipur-1917-1920/Chishti-S.M.A.W. http://www.gomanipur.com/your-story/item/797-anti-imperialist-uprising-the-anglo-kuki-war-1917-19 http://histrography.blogspot.in/2008/04/grievances-of-tribal-assumed-least.html http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1800_1899/britishrule/northeast/iln1856.jpg

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Subodh Singh 9 hours ago - Shared publicly hi sagar your blog is really interesting and lots of good information is available on it
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Sagar Srivastava 6 hours ago thank you very much.

debra scott 5 months ago - Shared publicly the row number i am looking for is 44albert DuFord year 1893
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View all 4 replies debra scott 5 months ago On Mon, Jun 3, 2013 at 1:13 PM, debra scott <****@**> wrote: > my great grandfather row number was44 his name was Albert DUFORD BORN IN > 1893 Read more alber; Dad wasEdward DuFordhe was atribal indian my grandpa was wiliam > columbus DuFord my dad was william ector DuFord > Sagar Srivastava 5 months ago +1 2 > okay. cool !!! I guess, there were many such tribal wars in British India. These are a handful of them.
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MAHI ASHRAF 1 month ago - Shared publicly everybody should know about the history
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Ashish Gari 7 months ago REVOLUTION STILL CONTINUES AND REBELS ARE STILL THERE.........

Ashish Gari 7 months ago REVOLUTION STILL CONTINUES AND REBELS ARE STILL THERE....

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