Microsoft Power Point - 8 OMF000603 Traffic Statistics Analysis Issue 1

Traffic Statistics Analysis
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Foreword
Traffic statistics is the performance of network.
Each traffic item is corresponding one feature of network.
Through the traffic statistics, can quickly settle the network

problem.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Know the traffic statistics system structure of BSC6000
Understand some often-used traffic measurement items
Locate some problems through the traffic statistics system
Contents
1. Brief Introduction to BSC Traffic Statistics
2. Often-used Traffic Statistics Items Analysis
3. Locate Problem through Traffic Analysis
Measurement term
Counter WHAT
Normal counter：default counter＋extended counter
Customer counter
Object WHO
Physical concept（Board/Cabinet）
Logical concept（BSC, Cell，TRX）
Period WHEN
5，15，30，60，1440（min）
Hierarchical Structure of Performance
Cluster 1
P
E
R Unit 1
F Item 1
O
… …
R
Item j
M
A
N Unit m
C Item1
E …
Cluster n Item k
…
Hierarchical Structure of Performance
Counter Setting
Select Performance > Counter Setting or click to display

the Counter Setting dialog box.
Counter includes default counter and extended counter
Support quickly search one certain counter
Support “all counter select” or just some of them
Counter Setting
Object Type
Report all Save in the Could

Object Type
the KPI performance data base be query
Class 1 Yes Yes Yes
Class 2 Optional Optional Optional
Object Setting
Menu
Performance－》Object setting
The blue color is the class 1
The green color is the class 2
Period Type
Real-time （5，15min）
Period Type
Measure period（30，60，1440min）
Query Result
Menu
Performance－》query result
Get the result of performance
Support output the files of XLS,JPEG
Support print on line
Support counter filter
Query Result
When query result,

should select
object, counter and
the others setting
Query Result
In counter selection: black
counter is the default
counter (KPI) or the
extended counter which
has been activated ; gray
counter is the extended
counter which never been
activated.
Query Result
Other setting is about the query period and the time.
Query Result
User can query the needed traffic through the counter filter
Measure Management
Function
Collecting the Missing Data
Synchronizing the Performance Data
Query Measurement Status of Objects and Periodic Counters
Subscribe Periodic Measurement Results
Query Reliability of Periodic Measurement Results
Suspending or resuming Data Collection
Measure Management
Threshold Setting
Function
Support threshold add（resume）/suspend
Each counter has four alarm level
If there is the high alarm level , the lower alarm level will be
disappear automatically
Value and Hysteresis together form the conditions for triggering and
stopping the alarm.
For example, in the Increasing direction, an alarm of a certain level is

triggered when the number of measurement results reaches the
Value + Hysteresis of this level; in the Decreasing direction, the
alarm is stopped when the number reaches Value – Hysteresis.
Threshold Setting
Customer Counter Management
To calculate required measurement counters based on the
existing counters through the arithmetic operation.。
The customer counter is measured only when all the original

counters contained in the formula are measured
The customer counter cannot be used to create other user

defined counters.
Customer Counter Management
Contents
Analysis Process
Systematical logic:
From whole system to specific cell
Integrality
Observe the change trend of the items for more than one week
and the changing trend of each day.
Relativity
Relationship between various kinds of traffic statistics items
Analysis Process
Analysis process
First we shall analyze and compare the item of BSC
measurement function to have a rough idea for the
whole network.
During analyzing, if any important items (such as call

drop rate or handover success rate) are abnormal,
we shall do further detailed analysis for the
corresponding items.
Analysis Process
There are 14 clusters in the
BSC6000 traffic statistics, 4 of them
are important for the optimization.
BSC Measurement
MR Measurement
Call Measurement
Channel Measurement
Traffic Analysis
The statistic items in BSC
Measurement Function
are used to measure the
traffic volume of all the
cells in the BSC, including
the call drop, handover
and assignment.
Traffic Analysis
MR measurement is some
items about measurement
report ,helping the user to
optimization.
Traffic Analysis
Call measurement is the
performance during the
calling, such as
Handover, call drop and
assignment;
measurement object
includes cell, TRX and
the LAPD link
Traffic Analysis
Channel measurement is
about the channel allocated,
channel conversion and the
channel load
Often-used Items
In BSC6000, there are some traffic units are important for
the analysis of interference, call drop and handover, more
attention should be paid on those
Interference band measurement report per TRX
Power control messages per cell
Neighbor cell level measurement per cell
Uplink-and-downlink balance measurement per TRX
Radio link failure measurement per TRX
TCHF(H) receive level measurement per TRX
Often-used Items
In BSC6000, there are some traffic units are important for
the analysis of interference, call drop and handover, more
attention should be paid on those
KPI measurement per cell
Outgoing inter-cell handover measurement per cell
Incoming inter-cell handover measurement per cell
Intra-cell Handover Measurement
Call drop measurement per cell
CPU usage measurement
Interference Band Measurement Report
Interference band is the interference
Interference Band Power Level Range
level contained in the RF RES IND
message that the BTS reports to the Interference band 1 –105 dBm to –98 dBm
BSC when the channel is idle. There

Interference band 2 –98 dBm to –90 dBm
are five levels. The level range of
each band is set through the LMT. Interference band 3 –90 dBm to –87 dBm
The higher rank suggests higher

Interference band 4 –87 dBm to –85 dBm
interference level. An idle channel at
interference band 4 or 5 suggests Interference band 5 –85 dBm to –47 dBm
the existence of interference.
Power Control Messages
Power Control Messages
per Cell refers to the
measurement of the
transmission power and the
receive level between the
BTS and the MS. It can
measure the coverage of
cell and the receive level or
quality average.
Neighbor Cell Level Measurement
Neighbor Cell Level Measurement per Cell refers to the

measurement of mean receive level of neighbor cells.
This measurement unit helps to determine whether to
configure neighbor cells.
If “Number of MRs of Neighbor Cells” and “Strength of

Signals in Neighbor Cells” are higher ,this cell should be
configured as neighbor cell.
Uplink-and-Downlink Balance Measurement
Proper power estimation during network planning is a
prerequisite for normal operation of the system. The uplink
and downlink signals in the coverage area must be
balanced.
The MR that the BSC receives contains the uplink receive

level and the downlink receive level. The uplink and
downlink balance level is determined by the following
formula: Downlink receive level – uplink receive level – 6 .
Uplink-and-Downlink Balance Measurement
• Mapping between the uplink/downlink balance rank and the
receive level.
Uplink-and-Downlink
Downlink Receive Level – Uplink Receive level – 6
Balance Rank
1 –15 dB
2 –14 dB, –13 dB, –12 dB, –11 dB, –10 dB
3 –9 dB, –8 dB, –7 dB, –6 dB

4 –5 dB, –4 dB, –3 dB
5 –2 dB, –1dB, 0 dB
6 0 dB
7 1 dB, 2 dB
8 3 dB, 4 dB, 5 dB
9 6 dB, 7 dB, 8 dB, 9 dB
10 10 dB, 11 dB, 12 dB, 13 dB, 14 dB
11 15 dB, 16 dB, 17 dB, 18 dB, 19 dB, 20 dB
Radio Link Failure Measurement
Radio Link Failure Counter
Measurement per TRX refers Uplink and Downlink Level During Radio Link Failure
per TRX
to the measurement of level,
quality, and TA in the MR Mean Uplink and Downlink Level During Radio Link
Failure per TRX
during call drops. From this
Uplink and Downlink Quality During Radio Link Failure
unit can check is there any per TRX
interference or coverage too

Mean Uplink and Downlink Quality During Radio Link
Failure per TRX
low. Judge the call drop
position from “Radio link failure TA During Radio Link Failure per TRX
measurement based on TA” Mean TA During Radio Link Failure TRX
Number of Radio Link Failures per TRX
TCHF(H) Receive Level Measurement
The valid MRs that the BSC receives contain the ranks of
the uplink and downlink receive level and the ranks of the
uplink and downlink receive quality
The receive level has eight ranks, and higher rank

suggests greater receive level
The receive quality has eight ranks, and higher rank

suggests worse receive quality
TCHF(H) Receive Level Measurement
Rank of Receive Level Receive Level(dBm)
0 <–100
1 (-100,85]
2 (-85,-80]
3 (-80,-75]
4 (-75,-70]
5 (-70,-65]
6 (-65,-60]
7 >-60
KPI Measurement
KPI measurement is about
the traffic statistics of each
cell, it includes all the
important items, helping
the engineer analyze each
cell performance
Outgoing Inter-cell Handover Measurement
This measurement refers to performance of MS

handover from target cell to the each neighbor cell,
including Handover request times, handover
success times, radio handover success rate
It also record the handover reason, such as receive

level , bad quality
Outgoing Inter-cell Handover Measurement
Incoming Inter-cell Handover Measurement
This measurement refers to performance of MS

handover from each neighbor cell to this serving cell,
including Handover request times, handover success
times, radio handover success rate
From the incoming inter-cell handover measurement,

can locate the neighbor cell which handover to this cell
is not good.
Incoming Inter-cell Handover Measurement
It measures the intra-cell handover request times,
success times.
This traffic unit also measure the reasons of intra-cell

handover: interference intra-cell handover, TCHF-TCHF
in the AMR calling, intra-cell handover during the channel
conversion, overlaid/underlaid handover.
CPU Usage Measurement
CPU measurement function includes two statistic items:
Percentage of CPU occupation (%)
Peak percentage of CPU occupation (%)
The former one is the percentage of CPU in busy status

during the measurement cycle. This item indicates the
load of BSC. The latter one is the maximum CPU
occupation within measurement cycle
It is recommended to register this task on any occasion
CPU Usage Measurement
Call Drop Measurement
Call drop measurement classify all the call drop by
reasons and the channel type
According this traffic , can get the detail reason of

call drop ,helping locate the call drop problem
Call Drop Measurement
Contents
Call Drop Analysis
High call drop cell
Call drop measurement Radio link failure alarm、hardware
Call drop in stable state Interference band

Rx-level
Call drop during the H.O
Up-down link balance
drop due to the Abis interface quality
drop due to the equipment TA
drop due to forced H.O
Call Drop Analysis
Find out the high call drop rate cell in the “KPI measurement”
Check those cell’s traffic and the call drop times, exclude the
low traffic high call drop rate cell
Find out the call drop reason in “call drop measurement ”
Check the receive level ,quality and the TA in “radio link failure
measurement”
“Interference band” “Up-down link balance “ and the alarm

system also will help to locate the high call drop reason
Call Drop Analysis
Call drop in stable state: call drop during the calling, the major
reasons are “error indication” and “connect failure”.
Call drop in handover state: call drop during handover, in other
word , handover failure and reset-up also failure.
Call drop due to Abis terrestrial link failure: normally the
reason is Abis transmission, also can check alarm system to
find out this problem.
Call drop due to equipment failure: the call drop reason is
related to hardware fault.
Call drop due to force handover: during the calling, system
force the MS handover and handover failure , call drop occur.
Radio Link Failure Measurement
Check receive level, quality and TA in “radio link failure
measurement” to analysis the call drop type:
Edge call drop: low receiving signaling strength, large TA.
Short distance call drop: low receiving signal strength and

small TA.
BQ call drop: high receiving signal strength and poor quality.
Edge Call Drop
Causes ：
MS is out of cell’s effective coverage area, “Island” phenomenon
caused by over shooting or missing neighbor, Isolated site.
Solutions：
Add new site to guarantee the effective continuous coverage;
Add the necessary neighbor;
Adjust antenna height and antenna downtilt, use high gain antenna;
Modify some parameters: “SACCH multi-frames”, “Radio link

timeout counter”, “handover threshold”, “handover statistic time”,
etc
Short Distance Call Drop
Causes：
Poor coverage caused by complicated terrain or high
dense building
Solutions ：
Increase EIRP
Adjust antenna direction and downtilt, make the main

lobe point to high traffic area
Adjust parameters related to call drop
Interference Call Drop
Monitor and locate interference through some traffic statistics：
Analysis interference band to monitor uplink interference, judging inter

network or intra network interference according the relationship between
interference and traffic
Monitor uplink and downlink interference via “TCHF(H) receive level

measurement”. If most M.R receive level high and the quality bad, the
interference will be serious
In “BTS maintenance”-”maintain cell”-”configure frequency scan” ,

can monitor which frequency is interfered
Solutions：
Drive test in the suspected area, check the receive level
and the quality; using the spectrum equipment to find out
the interference resource.
Active frequency hopping, DTX and the Power control to

reduce the interference.
Up-down Link Balance
Disposing method ：
Analyze “up-down link balance measurement function”
statistics result and confirm whether the uplink and downlink
are balanced.
In call drop measurement function, analyze the average

receiving signal strength and quality for both the uplink and
downlink .
In power control measurement function, analyze the average

receiving signal strength for both the uplink and downlink .
Handover Analysis Process
Low handover success rate
KPI measurement Incoming H.O Alarm hardware
External inter-cell
Handover Outgoing H.O Interference band
Internal inter-cell Neighbor cell level

Handover Up-down link balance
Intra cell H.O
Handover Analysis
Find out the problem cells:
All cells or some cells
Handover problem direction:

Outgoing or incoming
Handover failure object:

Handover to all the neighbor cells or just handover to certain
cell has problem
Handover Analysis
From “KPI measurement” and “External inter-cell handover”
“Internal inter-cell handover”, find out the cells which
handover success rate is lower
Analysis the major handover failure is in outgoing or incoming
Check “Incoming and outgoing handover measurement” to find

out it is just related to certain cell or to all the neighbor cells
From “neighbor cell revel” to decide deleting or adding

neighbor cell
Check “Intra-cell handover measurement” to monitor AMR,

overlaid/underlaid performance
Handover Analysis
Monitor transmission and board alarms
Analysis “Up-down link balance measurement” to

make sure that cell unbalance or not
Interference also will make the handover success

rate lower, so should pay more attend to
“interference band” “TCHF(TCHH) receive level
measurement”
Handover Parameters
Locate and solution：
Check whether the handover threshold such as TA, BQ and handover

function switch are suitable or not.
Check whether the successful TCH seizures for handover are much
more than successful TCH seizures for call. If handover times divided
by call times is larger than 3, then it indicates that there may be ping-
pong handover. Check the parameter settings and adjust them (layer
setting, layer handover hysteresis, inter cell handover hysteresis, PBGT
threshold, etc.).
Check whether the average signal strength is low when the handover
happens. If so, it indicates the edge handover threshold is too low.
Summary
Traffic Statistics System Basics
Key traffic Measurement Items
Traffic Statistics Analysis Method
Thank you
www.huawei.com

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Traffic Statistics Analysis

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Each traffic item is corresponding one feature of network.

Through the traffic statistics, can quickly settle the network

Understand some often-used traffic measurement items

Locate some problems through the traffic statistics system

2. Often-used Traffic Statistics Items Analysis

3. Locate Problem through Traffic Analysis

Logical concept（BSC, Cell，TRX）

Select Performance > Counter Setting or click to display

Counter includes default counter and extended counter

Support quickly search one certain counter

Support “all counter select” or just some of them

Report all Save in the Could

Class 1 Yes Yes Yes

Class 2 Optional Optional Optional

The blue color is the class 1

The green color is the class 2

Get the result of performance

Support output the files of XLS,JPEG

Support print on line

Support counter filter

When query result,

Synchronizing the Performance Data

Query Measurement Status of Objects and Periodic Counters

Subscribe Periodic Measurement Results

Query Reliability of Periodic Measurement Results

Suspending or resuming Data Collection

Support threshold add（resume）/suspend

Each counter has four alarm level

For example, in the Increasing direction, an alarm of a certain level is

The customer counter is measured only when all the original

The customer counter cannot be used to create other user

2. Often-used Traffic Statistics Items Analysis

3. Locate Problem through Traffic Analysis

From whole system to specific cell

During analyzing, if any important items (such as call

BSC6000 traffic statistics, 4 of them

are important for the optimization.

are used to measure the

traffic volume of all the

cells in the BSC, including

the call drop, handover

performance during the

Handover, call drop and

includes cell, TRX and

the LAPD link

about the channel allocated,

channel conversion and the

Power control messages per cell

Neighbor cell level measurement per cell

Uplink-and-downlink balance measurement per TRX

Radio link failure measurement per TRX

TCHF(H) receive level measurement per TRX

Outgoing inter-cell handover measurement per cell

Incoming inter-cell handover measurement per cell

Intra-cell Handover Measurement

Call drop measurement per cell

CPU usage measurement

BSC when the channel is idle. There

The higher rank suggests higher

the existence of interference.

Neighbor Cell Level Measurement per Cell refers to the