Experimental Methods

NG0H203

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

Lecturer: Mrs Rhian Kerton Name: Adrian Secan Enrolment Number: 12032239

I-i

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

I. Summary
For this report I have done 3 measurements. As a result of this report I can say that first and second readings are valid for calibration of the differential pressure transducer because of the low linearity error and FSR. The third measurement has a lot of errors thats why the linearity error and FSR are Big.

Table of contents
Table of Contents
1. 2. Introduction .......................................................................................................................1 Background ........................................................................................................................2 2.11 2.12 3. 4. Static calibration .........................................................................................................2 Differential Pressure Transducer ................................................................................2

Experimental Procedure and Equipment ..........................................................................3 Results ................................................................................................................................4 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 Reading 1 ....................................................................................................................4 Reading 2 ....................................................................................................................6 Reading 3 ....................................................................................................................7 Discussion of the results .............................................................................................8

5. 6.

Conclusion ..........................................................................................................................9 Reference ........................................................................................................................ 10

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Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

1.

Introduction

A pressure transducer measures pressure, typically of gases or liquids. The expression of the force required to stop a fluid from expanding is named pressure. Pressure transducers can be called: pressure sensors, pressure transmitters, pressure senders, pressure indicators and piezometers, manometers, among other names. The laboratory experiment was done to calibrate a differential pressure transducer. The purpose of the experiment was finding: What is the input and output range in the calibration exercise. Determinate the equation of best-fit line. Determinate the static sensitivity ( K ).

Adrian Secan 12032239

Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

2.

Background

For this experiment basic knowledge about: static calibration and Differential Pressure Transducer are required. In the following subsections are presented some information about these topics.

2.11

Static calibration

The most common type of calibration is known as a static calibration. In this procedure, a known value is input to the system under calibration and the system output is recorded. The term "static" refers to a calibration procedure in which the values of the variables involved remain constant during a measurement and they do not change with time. In static calibrations, only the magnitudes of the known input and the measured output are important.

2.12

Differential Pressure Transducer

The Differential Pressure Transducer consist of two pressure inlets P1 and P2 which act on a metal diaphragm placed centrally between the two coils. If the pressures are equal there is no movement of the diaphragm and the inductance in the two coils is the same. If there is any difference between the two pressures, the diaphragm will be deflected to one side, thus resulting in differences in the inductance of the two coils. The difference in inductance of the coils is directly proportional to the pressure difference.

Figure 1 Differential Pressure Transducer scheme

Adrian Secan 12032239

Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

Figure 2 Differential Pressure Transducer

3.

Experimental Procedure and Equipment

The differential pressure transducer was calibrated from 0 to 6 in steps of 0.4 bars. The pressure readings on hydraulic ram display and also the corresponding voltage readings from the digital voltmeter were recorded. For this experiment are needed one differential pressure transducer, one pressure ram and a digital voltmeter. One of the inlet ports of the transducer is connected to the pressure ram which is used to exert pressure in the transducer; the other one is exposed to the atmosphere. The pressure is increased in steps of 0.4 bars by sliding the ram position pointer upward. As the pressure is increase the diaphragm of the transducer is deflected toward one side of the inductive coils. The resultant difference in inductance of the coils is measured by a signal conditioning unit which output DC voltage proportional to the gauge pressure of the hydraulic ram. All the data is recorded and after the calculation the calibration can be done.

Adrian Secan 12032239

Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

4.

Results
is:

The formula to find the

The formula to find the FSR ( Full Scale Reading ) is:

Three readings were done for this experiment and the data collected is shown below in the section 4.11, 4.12 and 4. 13.

4.11 Reading 1

Pressure Voltage 0 0.005 0.4 0.507 1.2 1.559 1.6 2.099 2 2.604 2.4 3.121 2.8 3.651 3.2 4.171 3.6 4.687 4 5.158 4.4 5.758 4.8 6.248 5.2 6.812 5.6 7.305 6 7.63 Input range = 6 Output range = 7. 625 El max = 0. 1493 FSR = 1.96 %

Best fit 0.0165 0.53402 1.56906 2.08658 2.6041 3.12162 3.63914 4.15666 4.67418 5.1917 5.70922 6.22674 6.74426 7.26178 7.7793

Linearity error 0.0115 0.02702 0.01006 -0.01242 0.0001 0.00062 -0.01186 -0.01434 -0.01282 0.0337 -0.04878 -0.02126 -0.06774 -0.04322 0.1493

Adrian Secan 12032239

Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

Reading 1
9 8 7 6 Voltage 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 7.63 7.305 6.812 6.248 5.758 5.158 4.687 4.171 3.651 3.121 2.604 2.099 1.559 0.507 0.005 2 4 Pressure (Bar) 6 8 y = 1.2938x + 0.0165 R = 0.9996

readings 1 Linear (readings 1)

Static Sensitivity (K)

x 1 3

y 1.3103 3.8979 1.2938

1.29

Adrian Secan 12032239

Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

4.12
Pressure

Reading 2
Voltage Best fit 0.009 0.53096 1.57488 2.09684 2.6188 3.14076 3.66272 4.18468 4.70664 5.2286 5.75056 6.27252 6.79448 7.31644 7.8384 Linearity error 0.003 0.05896 -0.00212 -0.00716 0.0088 0.04276 0.02272 0.03068 0.01264 0.0066 -0.00144 0.04852 0.03048 -0.01656 0.0324

0 0.006 0.4 0.472 1.2 1.577 1.6 2.104 2 2.61 2.4 3.098 2.8 3.64 3.2 4.154 3.6 4.694 4 5.222 4.4 5.752 4.8 6.224 5.2 6.764 5.6 7.333 6 7.806 Input range = 6 Output range = 7. 8 El max = 0.05896 FSR = 0.76 %

Reading 2
9 8 7.806 7.333 7 6.764 6.224 6 5.752 5.222 5 4.694 4.154 4 3.64 3.098 3 2.61 2.104 2 1.577 1 0.472 0 0.006 2 4 6 -1 0 Pressure (Bar) y = 1.3049x - 0.009 R = 0.9999

Voltage

readings 2 Linear (readings 2)

Adrian Secan 12032239

Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

Static Sensitivity (K)

x 1 3

y 1.3139 3.9237 1.3049

4.13

Reading 3

Pressure Voltage Best Linearity fit error 0 0.029 0.4009 0.3719 0.4 0.515 0.941 0.426 1.2 1.023 2.0211 0.9981 1.6 1.605 2.5612 0.9562 2 2.108 3.1013 0.9933 2.4 2.581 3.6414 1.0604 2.8 3.111 4.1815 1.0705 3.2 3.644 4.7215 1.0775 3.6 4.169 5.2616 1.0926 4 5.134 5.8017 0.6677 4.4 5.737 6.3418 0.6048 4.8 6.268 6.8819 0.6139 5.2 6.821 7.4219 0.6009 5.6 7.149 7.962 0.813 6 7.822 8.5021 0.6801 Input range = 6 Output range = 7. 793 El max = 1.0926 FSR = 14.02 %

Adrian Secan 12032239

Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

Reading 3
9 7.822 7.149 6.821 6.268 6 5.737 5.134 5 4.169 4 3.644 3.111 3 2.581 2.108 2 1.605 1 1.023 0.515 0 0.029 0 2 4 6 -1 Pressure (Bar) 7 8 y = 1.3502x - 0.4009 R = 0.9904

Voltage

readings 3 Linear (readings 3)

Static Sensitivity (K)

x 1 3

y 1.7511 4.4515 1.3502

4.14 Discussion of the results

From the results above it is noticeable that the lowest FSR value is 0.76% and was achieved in the reading 2. The FSR value for reading 1 is equal with 1.96 % which is almost 3 times higher than the FSR from reading 2. For the third reading the FSR has the biggest value, which is equal with 14.02 %.This is because one bad measurement can influence the FSR because when it is calculated the maximum linearity error value is used. As it is shown in to the 3 graphs above for the first and second reading the graph line is almost the same with the best fit line but for the third reading the graph line is quite far form the best fit line. The input range is constant for all 3 measurements and is equal with 6. The output range is slightly different and it is 7.625 for the first reading, 7.8 for the second one and 7.793 for the last one.
Adrian Secan 12032239
8

Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer The best measurement for calibration is the second one because the linearity error is the lowest one and it is 0.05896 in the first measurement the linearity error is almost triple then the second one and it is 0.1493 and in the third measurement is a big increase of the linearity error and this is 1.0926, almost 20 times bigger than the second one. The static sensitivity is 1.29 for the first measurement, 1.30 for the second one and 1.35 for the third one.

5.

Conclusion

In conclusion 3 sets of measurement were done with the purpose of calibrating a differential pressure transducer. The summary of data collected from the 3 measurements: Reading 1 Input range = 6 Output range = 7. 625 El (linearity error) max = 0. 1493 FSR ( Full Scale Reading ) = 1.96 % Static Sensitivity (gradient of line) = 1.29 Reading 2 Input range = 6 Output range = 7. 8 El max = 0.05896 FSR = 0.76 % Static Sensitivity=1.30 Reading 3 Input range = 6 Output range = 7. 793 El max = 1.0926 FSR = 14.02 % Static Sensitivity=1.35 After I analysed this data I can say that the best measurement to be consider for calibration is the second one because of its low linearity error and FSR. The third reading can be disregarded because the linearity error and FSR are too high to be considered. The first reading can be considered too because it is similar with the second one.
Adrian Secan 12032239
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Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

6.

Reference

Background and Theory: Web sites: Accessed on 13th of January 2013 : http://rsi.aip.org/resource/1/rsinak/v75/i12/p5106_s1?isAuthorized=no http://www.iceweb.com.au/Test&Calibration/NoteDeviceCalibration.pdf Books:
Article I. Bibliography

D.G.Whitehead, B.R.B.a., 1986. Transducer and interfacing. Wokingam, England. Korvink, J., Paul, O., Korvink, J. & Paul, O., December 31, 2006. MEMS a practical guide to design, analysis and application. M.J.Usher, 1985. Sensors and Transducers. Hong Kong. Sydenham, P.H., 1975. Transducers in measurement and control. 3rd ed.

Adrian Secan 12032239

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Experimental Methods

Calibration of a Differential Pressure Transducer

Adrian Secan 12032239

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Experimental Methods