Code: 9A21502

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

FLIGHT MECHANICS-I
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Describe for induced drag of an aircraft: (a) The Physics of its generation (b) How it may be estimated? (c) Measures to be taken for its reduction (d) What the favourable and adverse effects of the measures of c on the performance of aircraft will be? Max. Marks: 70

2. (a) Discuss aircraft force system needed for formulating the performance equations of motion. (b) Explain with the help of diagrams how the lift characteristic of a plain, cambered airfoil and how they can be modified by leading edge and trailing edge flaps. 3. Derive basic equations of climb. Describe a method of calculating climb rate and climb angle. Discuss the take-off procedure and references speeds associated with successful completion of the manoeuvre. Explain the features of wing control, canard control and tail control used for missiles using sketches. Discuss their relative advantages and disadvantages Define boost-sustain trajectory used in missiles and discuss its advantages. Describe a method to determine missile performance characteristics for boost-sustain trajectory. What is a sonic boom? Describe the characteristics of a sonic boom and discuss how it can be minimized in supersonic flights. Derive the equations of motion of an aircraft assuming it as a rigid body.

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Code: 9A21502

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

FLIGHT MECHANICS-I
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Explain what is the source of the aerodynamic force acting on a body? Discuss the variation of lift, drag and moment coefficients with respect Mach number using sketches. Describe with sketches the body axis system, stability axis system and inertial axis system used to describe the motion of an aircraft. Explain the process of landing of an aircraft through a diagram indicating the landing path and landing distance. Describe the calculation of approach distance and flare distance. Derive a general relation for the calculation of range and obtain Breguet range equation from it. Derive expressions for maximum speed, rate of climb, and time to climb for long-range cruise trajectory of a missile. Explain the classification of missiles and comment about aerodynamics, propulsion, trajectories and maneuverability of each class of missiles. Discuss about mono-wing and cruciform wing configurations of missiles. Explain Euler angles through a schematic diagram. Discuss the rotations involved to transform axes parallel to the inertial axes into vehicle axes and obtain the transformation matrix for velocity vector. Write short notes on the following: (a) Sonic boom (b) Hazards of supersonic flight ***** Max. Marks: 70

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Code: 9A21502

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

FLIGHT MECHANICS-I
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Explain the reason for drag rise in transonic regime of flow. Describe supercritical airfoil and area rule and discuss how they control the drag rise in transonic flows. Max. Marks: 70

2. (a) Explain with the help of diagrams the lift characteristics of plain, cambered airfoil and how they can be modified by leading edge and trailing edge flaps. (b) Explain minimum drag speed and minimum power speed and their importance in aircraft performance analysis. 3. Describe the equations of motion of an aircraft undergoing lateral maneuver or level turn and derive an expression for radius of turn. Discuss with the help of a diagram the maneuver boundaries for turning performance. Describe the motion of an airplane in gliding flight and derive expressions for equilibrium glide angle and equilibrium glide velocity and sink rate. Describe wing control, canard control and cruciform configuration for missiles with schematic diagrams and discuss their relative advantages and disadvantages. Explain different coordinate systems used in the flight mechanics of missiles. Define sonic boom and discuss its causes. Explain how the effect of sonic boom can be reduced in supersonic transportation. Write short notes on the following: (a) Drag polar. (b) Multi-staging in rockets. (c) Wave drag. *****

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Code: 9A21502

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

FLIGHT MECHANICS-I
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1. Define various components of drag and explain the relevance of drag in performance studies. Max. Marks: 70

2. (a) Distinguish between shock waves and expansion waves. (b) Define the terms airspeed indicator reading, indicated airspeed, calibrated airspeed, equivalent airspeed and true airspeed as used in the calibration of airspeed indicator. 3. 4. List gas turbine engines and explain the operation of turbojet engine with a sketch. Explain the process of take-off with the help of a diagram and discuss how take-off distances are estimated.

5. (a) What is endurance of an airplane? Derive expression to calculate endurance for propellerdriven airplanes. (b) Derive range equation for propeller-driven airplanes. 6. Explain canard control, tail control, cruciform and tri-form configurations for missiles with schematic diagrams. Define trajectory. Discuss various types of trajectories used in missiles. Write short notes on the following: (a) Lift-curve slope. (b) Supercritical wing. (c) Sonic boom. *****

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