INTRODUCTION

Egypt were under military regime since Jamal Abdul Nasir became the first president of Egypt, then Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak. But, later on the Egypt young generation especially from Ikhwanul Muslimin which is Islamic movement that founded by Imam Hassan al-Bana around 80 years ago lead people to give big pressure to Hosni Mubarak to resign as president of Egypt. Finally, Mubarak resigned and the first clean general election were take part in Egypt history. Dr Morsi from Ikhwanul Muslimin won that general election with 52 % vote of Egypt people vote for them. Then, General Abdul Fatah As-Sisi launch kudeta unto Dr. Mursi and become temporary president of Egypt since 3rd July 2013 until now. USA also play the important role in the kudeta pelan by General As-Sisi. The goal of this paper is to investigate the support of United Stated of America unto kudeta in Egypt. In this paper also we will discuss regarding kudeta in Egypt by use realism perspective. USA normally will not let anyone to disturb their domination unto Middle East region. Not only that, the dictator of Hosni Mubarak is one of the close alliance with Israel which the close friend with USA government (White House).

WHY DID THE USA SUPPORT KUDETA IN EGYPT?

The United States of America government are close relationship with Jewish nation which is Israel. Now day, Israel have conflict with Palestinian people where Israel government keep give pressure and try conquer all Palestine land. The only area that they (Israel) still not conquer is Gaza Strip. HAMAS which is group of Palestinian people whose fight for freedom of Palestine, get support and aids from Egypt people easily especially Ikhwanul Muslimin group. US government before this claim that Ikhwanul Muslimin as Islamic extremist group and become one of the terrorist group in list of USA administration. Before Dr. Mursi became President of Egypt since 2012, Rafah border which is border between Egypt and Palestine were close by government of Egypt since Jamal Abdul Nasil, Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak. So, to prevent the aids, support and supply in term of money, cloth, weapons and moral support of Ikhwanul Muslimin to HAMAS for fight Israel soldier, they have to overthrown Dr. Mursi. Israel will ask the help of White House to achieve that mission. United States of America at the same time have to take care Israel interest in Palestine. For example, as we know that USA become the biggest contributor of construction of fencing in Palestine. This project is to reduce of mobilization of Palestinian people to fight back unto Israel military. Same story happen when plan to overthrown Dr. Mursi which is cooperation between General As-Sisi (ex-military general from Hosni Mubarak era) with Israel with help of White House. White House administration will take past to make sure they can take care Israel interest are not distracted by Ikhwanul Muslimin.

We cannot denied that one of the reason that why United States government take part in this kudeta is because the economy policy plan were implemented by Dr. Mursi since he become the President of Egypt. According to Camp David Treaty were signed before by Egypt government and United States government, Egypt has to reduce their productivity of wheat around 20%. Dr. Mursi realized that Egypt have to stand on their own foot, that why he make policy that not obey the Camp David Treaty which is the wheat productivity increased to 60%. This policy make farmer of Egypt more happy because they can improve their productivity compare to before1. According to that treaty also, Egypt have to depend unto White House economic contribution every years. Moreover, the administration of government under Jamal Abdul Nasir, Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak are too spendthrift and inefficient in term of manage the Egypt countrys financial. But is not happen when Egypt under Dr. Mursi administration. Dr. Mursi increase Foreign Direct Investment of Egypt from 1.8% to 2.4%. The GDP of Egypt also increase from 170.4 to 181.9 billion Paun. Dr. Mursi at the same time successful attract more tourists around the world to visit Egypt from 8.2 million to 9.2 million tourists. Under his economy policy, provided around 593, 000 new job opportunities for Egyptian. Able-owned houses also were built under his government for people of Egypt around 45, 388 houses. For single mothers, Egypt government under his administration provided around 100 million paun for 500,000 single mothers in that country. For Egypt education sector, Dr. Mursi provided school subsidies for one million kids

Adfi Safty, "Sadat's Negotiations with the United States and Israel: From Sinai to Camp David," American Journal of Economics & Sociology, July 1991, 50#3 pp 285-298

were in poor standard family. Not only that, the salaries of teachers and government officers increase . The administration of Dr. Musri successfully get back the black market of petrol around 100,000 liters and 500,000 of diesel were sold in black market in Egypt. This achievement make people of Egypt feel save under Dr. Muhammad Mursi reign. For social problem, His administration also solved 358 cases of kidnap from 472 cases. Moreover, 15,591 stolen cars were found during his period ruled. The crime in Egypt also decrease slowly as like before Presiden. The government of Egypt under Dr. Mursi and Ikhwanul Muslimin group at the same time control, give subsidies and manage distribution of breads more efficient to Egyptians. The people of Egypt get more and more benefit under Dr. Mursi and it never happen since Egypt get independent from British. But, this improvement cannot be accepted by USA because before this Egypt country were under White House control especially in term of economy sector. If Egypt become more growth in term of economy, maybe it will be threat for USA economy for global scope. US government before this give training and exercise military together since Jamal Abdul Nasir period. But, maybe quite difficult for military USA want to make any joint-venture training. Besides that, Egyptian military force equipment also buy from USA with a huge amount. For example, USA before this provided aids to Egypt military around $ 1.3 billion every years, but Egypt government look like dont want use that money to buy military equipment from USA military factories. It make angry for White House because traditionally Egypt military

will buy all material and equipment from United States of America government. But, now Egypt government not buy from their traditional partner2. For the politic reason also we can see why USA government support kudeta in Egypt. USA want all Arab countries under his control. As we know, the Arab Spring take part since 2011 and effected to all regime whose run power in Arab countries since long time ago. many of these regime or dictator are alliance of USA. Kings in Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirate, Qatar and Bahrain supported by USA administration and at the same time they also give support to USA intervention in Arab region. When Ikhwanul Muslimin become the ruling party in Egypt, it become a new episode for USA because as we know that Ikhwanul Muslimin before this were listed as one of the extremist Islamic group by American government. So, once Ikhwanul Muslimin become the government of Egypt, USA suspect that the new government under Dr. Morsi will not obey or follow what White House desire. In other word, USA lose their one of the puppet in Arab region. Ikhwanul Muslimin also give aids to other Islamic group such as Libya, Tunisia and Syria. USA government feel that they have to stop this group (Ikhwanul Muslimin) from give aids to other Arab countries where they want remove all regime that pressure low and middle class citizen and regime that become puppet of USA administration since long time ago. if this situation continues gradually, maybe USA will lose their influence or power unto Middle East region which is consist many of Arab countries. These movement have to been stop by USA by collaboration with local people who from previous regime that support USA especially military regime and Israel to prevent that kind of thing happen at the future.
2

Schmitt, E. (2013). Cairo Military Firmly Hooked to U.S Lifeline. Retrieved on 22nd November 2013, from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/21/world/middleeast/cairo-military-firmly-hooked-to-us-lifeline.html?_r=0

General As-sisi are suitable person to do that kind of thing because he is general from previous military regime which is from era of Hosni Mubarak became Presiden of Egypt before this. Moreover, This general also appointed by Dr. Mursi as Minister of Defense for Egypt under his administration when Dr. Mursi won General Election last year. Advantage for General AsSisi because people of Egypt never expected that this general will betray his new boss (Dr. Mursi). We have to know that actually plan to overthrown Dr. Mursi already set up early before3. The several day before kudeta were made by General As-Sisi, the military whose patrol the border between Gaza City and (Rafah) Egypt were killed by military whose side with AsSisi. Then, that border were close and finally cut the aids of Ikhwanul Muslimin for HAMAS fighter and Palestinian people whose live in Gaza City. Not only that, military under his lead give warning to Dr. Mursi that Presiden have to solve all the Egypt problem in 48 hours (two days). If not, the military will take over the government of Egypt under Dr. Mursi. This demand were ridiculous because all nation problem cannot been solved in only two days. It clearly that USA also take part and support the kudeta were made by General As-Sisi unto legal Presiden of Egypt, Dr. Mursi. When Dr. Mursi were overthrown, the use continues give back the aids to Egypt military as usual. During Dr. Mursi became Presiden of Egypt, United States government cut the aids. That so weird because U.S government cut the aid unto Egypt during Dr. Mursi era but later on continue give back the aids to military of Egypt under General As-Sisi. That the game are played by U.S government with cooperation of General AsSisi as their new puppet to control politics of Egypt4.

Marie, A. (2013). What America Wants In Egypt. Retrieved on 23 November 2013, from http://www.projectsyndicate.org/commentary/the-aims-of-us-policy-toward-egypt-by-anne-marie-slaughter 4 Bengali, Shashank; Laura King (October 9, 2013). "U.S. to partially cut aid to Egypt". L A Times. Retrieved 23 November 2013.

US not alone to cut the raising of Ikhwanul Muslimin in Egypt. The others leader from Arab countries own-self pro-America. The leader who rule Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and United Arab Emirates are supported by USA and they also support USA since long time ago. Those leaders also show their support to kudeta in Egypt, aids were given to temporary government under Genera As-Sisi around $ 12 billion . When Dr. Mursi became the Presiden of Egypt, this aids were stopped but different story happen when military took over the Egypt administration 5. The reason why those Arab leaders (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Kuwait) support military kudeta in Egypt is because want stop the wind of change from happen in their countries. For example, Libya before this under dictatorship of Muammar Ghaddafi fall down by power of Libya people which is demonstration. Tunisia at the same time show the same result when their dictator whose ruled their country since long time ago ended. Later on, Egypt successes give huge pressure to Hosni Mubarak to resign as Presiden and Dr. Musri were appointed as new Presiden in that country through general election 2012. The dictator in other Arab countries such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and United Arab Emirates afraid if their legacy will face the same situation like Egypt where the dictator leader who rule in long period fell down. That why, to make sure it not come true and prevent their citizen are influenced make change it their countries, they have to support the military kudeta. This strategy to make sure they can prevent the Arab Spring happen in their countries. The dictator can continually control their country resources especially oil when their citizen not raise up make any demonstration to disturb their administration and power.

Morsi's Fall In Egypt Comforts Saudis, Disconcerts Qatar. (2013, 11 July). Retrieved on 23 November 2013, from http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/76273/Egypt/Politics-/Morsis-fall-in-Egypt-comforts-Saudis,disconcerts-.aspx

BLOOD CRISIS IN EGYPT SINCE KUDETA IN EGYPT

When Egypt military make kudeta unto legal administration of Dr. Mursi, people of Egypt from all part of that country make demonstration to protest that kudeta. Millions of people make Tajarrud which is make demonstration with huge number of people in Rabaah Square and other location in Egypt. During that time, Egypt military killed the people who join the demonstration about 51 person. They were killed while they perform Subuh prayer. On 16th July 2013, new cabinet were form consisted 34 person. Hazem Al Beblawi as Prime Minister and Abdul Fatah Al-Sisi as Military of Defend. Under Al-Sisi power, he make ambush to demonstration location and try to make sure people of Egypt especially Ikhwanul Muslimin members are not stay in demonstration locations. On 14th August 2013, police and army force make ambush to demonstration location especially in Rabaah Square and Nahdhah Square. As result 2000 person were died, 10,000 person injured and 200 media activists were killed. Prime Minister of Turkey, Recep Tayyep Erdogan whose is close ally with Presiden Dr. Mursi launch R4BIA symbol. It show the support to Dr. Mursi and Egypt people. He also critique the way that used by General As-Sisi to cool down the tension between military force and Egypt civilian. Later on, Dr Muhammad Badie(Murstidul Am Ikhwanul Muslimin) were arrested by police and army force on 20th August 2013. While, the former Presiden of Egypt Hosni Mubarak were released by Egypt High Court. This plan already organized since the Hosni

Mubarak were falling down in 2011. All of this insiden show to us how Hosni Mubarak, Israel and USA play with politics in Egypt and at the same time politics in Arab region.

RESPONS FROM INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY

When kudeta happen in Egypt, people around the world directly respond unto that insiden. Some of them support and some of them are not support that coup. But majority people around the world especially Muslim community, they show their support unto Dr. Morsi and give big pressure unto military administration of Egypt since kudeta happen until now. The symbol of R4BIA can founded around the world. World Community also make critique openly to Egypt military. For example, in Malaysia, the NGO such as Aqsa Syarif and IKRAM show their support unto Dr. Mursi and Ikhwanul Muslimin regarding issue of kudeta in Egypt. Not only that, they also launch donation which is only focus on this issue and give the pressure to Malaysian Member of Parliaments to discuss this issue in Parliamentary House. In Indonesia, Parti Kesejahteraan Indonesia give huge support to their brother in Egypt to fight all out to military regime under General As-Sisi until success. Many of NGO and movement especially based on Islamic around the world give support to Ikhwanul Muslimin and Dr. Mursi. This kind of situation surely will give pressure to temporary government under military.

CONCLUSION

As conclusion, maybe the USA administration will denied that they involve in kudeta, directly or indirectly. But it is undeniable to avoid that actually USA also take part or play their role to make sure the influences of Ikhwanul Muslimin will reduce or eliminated from land of Egypt. Dr. Mursi from Ikhwanul Muslimin group and for surely the US administration will never allowed this new government longer lasting because want to protect their interest in Egypt. Israel also demanding to their close friend (USA and other ally) to overthrown Dr. Musri and bring back Egypt to previous era which is same situation under Jamal Abdul Nasir, Anwar Saadat and Hosni Mubarak where all of this president cooperate and have good relationship with Israel government. Dr. Musri and Ikhwanul Muslimin not in the same boat with Israel government regarding issue of Palestine because they support HAMAS since that land occupied by Israel under British colonization. But as long as the military of Egypt, Israel government and other Arab countries gove support to Egypt military, quite hard to bring back the justice and fair constitution for Egypt people and their next generation.

REFERENCES
Schmitt, E. (2013). Cairo Military Firmly Hooked to U.S Lifeline. Retrieved on 22nd November 2013, from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/21/world/middleeast/cairo-military-firmly-hooked-to-uslifeline.html?_r=0

Bengali, Shashank; Laura King (October 9, 2013). "U.S. to partially cut aid to Egypt". L A Times. Retrieved on 23 October 2013. Morsi's Fall In Egypt Comforts Saudis, Disconcerts Qatar. (2013, 11 July). Retrieved on 23 November 2013, from http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/76273/Egypt/Politics-/Morsis-fall-inEgypt-comforts-Saudis,-disconcerts-.aspx Adfi Safty, "Sadat's Negotiations with the United States and Israel: From Sinai to Camp David," American Journal of Economics & Sociology, July 1991, 50#3 pp 285-298 Marie, A. (2013). What America Wants In Egypt. Retrieved on 23 November 2013, from http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/the-aims-of-us-policy-toward-egypt-byanne-marie-slaughter