REO Town: Clean and Efficient: November - December 2013

WORLD ALLIANCE FOR DECENTRALIZED ENERGY
In Association With
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November - December 2013
HOW NEW ENGINE TECHNOLOGIES COULD ACCELERATE THE ADOPTION OF HYDROGEN-FUELED CHP Q WHY ONE US CITY CHOSE CHP TO REPLACE AN
AGEING COAL-FIRED GENERATING PLANT Q NOVEL WASTE HEAT RECOVERY TECHNOLOGY PROMISES TO MAKE GENSETS GREENER AND MORE EFFICIENT
Q THE CHALLENGES OF MODERNISING A 100-YEAR-OLD INDUSTRIAL CHP PLANT
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REO Town:
Clean and efficient
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Cogeneration & OnSite Power Production | November - December 2013 www.cospp.com 2
Contents
Vcl0me 14 N0mLer
18
18
Hydrogen-fueled CHP now on the horizon
Hydrogen as a fuel for cogeneration has yet to develop the market acceptance enjoyed
by natural gas and diesel-fueled applications, but new engine technologies for generating
heat and electricity from hydrogen could accelerate the adoption of hydrogen-fueled CHP.
By Ed Ritchie
24
Lansing, Michigans coal-to-CHP success story
When it came time to build Michigans frst new utility power plant in 25 years, the Lansing Board
of Water and Light chose combined heat and power. The new 100-MW plant began operating
in July. How and why did the state capital come to choose CHP to replace an aging coal-fred
generating plant and coal boiler?
By Elisa Wood
30
Making gensets greener and leaner
The humble stationary genset is never going to be the sexiest piece of kit, often criticised as
highly polluting and ineffcient. However, a novel waste heat recovery technology promises
to turn that perception on its head.
By Paul Dowman-Tucker
Project Profle
36
Upgrading Kodaks historic industrial CHP plant
Developer and operator of industrial-scale CHP systems Recycled Energy Development has
acquired the CHP-based utility infrastructure at the Eastman Business Park in Rochester, New York,
from Kodak. RED now aims to update the 100-year-old plant, including conversion from coal to
gas, while keeping tenants supplied.
By Steve Hodgson
Features
In Association With
HOW NEW ENGINETECHNOLOGIES COULD ACCELERATETHE ADOPTION OF HYDROGEN-FUELED CHP Q WHY ONE US CITY CHOSE CHP TO REPLACE AN
AGEINGCOAL-FIRED GENERATINGPLANT Q NOVEL WASTEHEAT RECOVERY TECHNOLOGY PROMISESTO MAKEGENSETSGREENERAND MOREEFFICIENT
Q THE CHALLENGES OF MODERNISING A 100-YEAR-OLD INDUSTRIAL CHP PLANT
REO Town:
Clean and efficient
Cover photograph: Lansing
Board of Water and Lights (BWL)
REO Town headquarters and
cogeneration plant. See the
feature article starting on page 24.
PHOTO: BWL
1311COSPP_rev_2 2 11/5/13 10:52 AM
www.cospp.com
ISSN 14690349
Chairman: Frank T. Lauinger
President/CEO: Robert F. Biolchini
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Managing Editor: Dr. Jacob Klimstra
Production Editor: Tildy Bayar
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Contributing Editor Steve Hodgson
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36
4 Editors Letter
6 Insight
8 WADE Comment
10 News Update
42 WADE Pages
47 Diary
48 Advertisers Index
Regulars
24
1311COSPP_3 3 10/29/13 11:50 AM
Editors Letter
Cogeneration & OnSite Power Production | November - December 2013 www.cospp.com
4
Capacity factors,
utilisation factors and
load factors
M
odern power supply systems
increasingly need distributed
generation and, if possible,
cogeneration in order to
keep systems stable and electricity costs
acceptably low. This is, however, not clear
to everybody, especially in the case of the
average citizen (and most policymakers),
who are unfamiliar with capacity factors,
utilisation factors and load factors. One
often reads in the news, even in technical
magazines, that a newly installed wind
park produces suffcient electricity to cover
the energy demands of, say, 100,000
households. Most people have no idea that
such a message is misleading.
Firstly, fnal electricity use is only 12% of total
global energy use. Secondly, households
consume, on average, only 20% of the
electricity needs of a modern nation. Globally,
46% of electric energy supplied goes to industry
and the remaining 34% is for services. Using
only households as a criterion for covering
electricity demand gives an over optimistic
idea of such a wind parks achievements.
Thirdly, wind parks output is variable and
cannot be relied on to cover a given demand.
One often sees so-called doldrums of up to
10 days, when the wind scarcely blows in a
widespread area. And the wind can blow so
hard in an area half the size of Europe that
90% of the installed wind turbines spin at
maximum output.
Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels also show
large output variability. They do not produce
at night, and have limited output in the darker
seasons. Backup power is required for these
renewable sources, and cogeneration and
distributed generation are the best options.
For a proper analysis of the need for
and benefts of local generators, we must
distinguish between capacity factors,
utilisation factors and load factors. There is no
common agreement yet on the defnitions
of these factors. In the old days, before the
introduction of volatile electricity generators,
some ambiguity in defnitions did not matter.
Today, however, exactness is crucial in order to
understand the implications of these factors.
As an example, in Germany the average
available output of the combined wind
turbine portfolio is about 20% of the installed
capacity. This means that the output of the
installed 32 GW is only 6.4 GW averaged
over a year. We can therefore defne the
capacity factor as the averaged unrestricted
output divided by the installed capacity. For
solar PV panels in Germany, the capacity
factor is around 10%. If wind turbines output
was noticeably curtailed, their so-called
utilisation factor would be lower than the
capacity factor. The utilisation factor of a
generator is the actual averaged output
divided by the installed capacity. The load
factor of a generator is the instantaneous
output divided by its nominal capacity.
Imagine a case of no renewables in a
system, while fuel-based generators have a
utilisation factor of 60%. The load factor might
vary between 100% and 60%. Now, volatile
renewable generators will be connected with
the same installed capacity as the fuel-based
generation. If the renewable generators have
a capacity factor of 15%, and their output is
not restricted, the utilisation factor of the fuel-
based generators will decrease from 60% to
45%. For large central power plants, this would
mean operational and fnancial disaster.
Distributed generation, however, can offer
the required fexibility. Its load factor can vary
widely. Because of its relatively low capital
costs, even a lower utilisation factor is not a
problem. So, it is essential to know all about
capacity factors, utilisation factors and
load factors.
P.S. Dont forget to visit www.cospp.com to
see regular news updates, the current issue
of the magazine in full, and an archive of
articles from previous issues. Its the same
website address to sign-up for our fortnightly
e-newsletter too.
Dr. Jacob Klimstra
Managing Editor
1311COSPP_4 4 10/29/13 11:50 AM
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6
Insight
Resource effciency
reaches the Middle East
M
ight the Middle East led
by Saudi Arabia and other
oil-producing states eventually
emerge as a signifcant new
market for cogeneration and, perhaps,
wider decentralised energy technologies?
Oil refneries around the world are a prime
application area for cogeneration, often
producing waste gases that can be used
as fuel, and having large process heat
loads that need to be met. Hot climates and
large-scale district cooling go together too,
although electricity generation is not always
involved here.
I was struck by the August announcement
that Saudi Aramco has signed agreements
with three companies to build and operate
cogeneration plants at three major oil and
gas complexes (Abqaiq, Hawiya and Ras
Tanura) in the oil-rich Kingdom. The proposed
plants will between them generate 900 MW
of power and provide 1500 tonnes of steam
per hour to the refneries from 2016. Aramcos
partners, Marubeni, JGC and Aljomaih
Energy and Water, will build and then operate
the plants for 20 years. Cogeneration already
has a foothold in the country earlier this
year, Aramco was reported to have signed
an agreement to expand three existing
cogeneration plants.
In textbook CHP-speak, Aramcos
statement referred to the high effciency in
energy consumption and environmental
performance of the proposed plants.
Marubeni called the contract the beginning
of a long-term relationship as the Kingdom
moves into a new phase of power effciency
and resource management.
In October, the president and CEO of
Saudi Aramco, Khalid Al-Falih, said at the
World Energy Congress in South Korea
that his company is working to increase
conventional oil recoveries to 70%, as well
as looking for new oil and gas resources. Al-
Falih also announced the development of a
1000 MW on-site power plant, to be fuelled by
unconventional gas reserves found recently
in the north of the country, to feed a massive
phosphate mining and manufacturing
centre. Not CHP this time, but on-site power.
On-site solar power? Saudi Aramco this
summer received the highest possible
accreditation under the Leadership in Energy
and Environmental Design (LEED) scheme for
its new Al Midra building, which incorporates
10 MW of solar PV panels shading its vehicle
parking areas and sized to meet the total
demand of the building.
District energy? Also this summer, Saudi
Aramco opened a new, CHP-based district
cooling plant to serve its headquarters and
other facilities in Dhahran. The plant has a
generation capacity of 35 MW of electricity
and 27,000 tonnes of cooling. Another district
energy scheme, located at a university
in Riyadh and based on solar thermal
technology, won a Global Climate Award at
a ceremony in New York in September.
District cooling is booming around parts
of the Middle East and both the UAE and
Saudi Arabia also have ambitious plans for
developing renewable energy resources.
Its clear that, with the best days of the
oil and gas boom now coming to an end,
resource effciency is becoming important
to oil-producing countries. Given the scope
for cogeneration at petrochemical and
other industrial plants, the potential to
develop trigeneration and large district
energy systems for buildings, campuses
and towns, opportunities in the Middle East
for the cogeneration and on-site power
industry must be growing. Thats more than
can be said at the moment about many
other regions.
Steve Hodgson
Contributing Editor
1311COSPP_6 6 10/29/13 11:50 AM
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Comment
8
Lighting up the
dark contnent with
decentralized energy
O
ver the years Africa has become
known as the dark continent,
largely because of the mystery
surrounding this vast land
mass. However, if one were to fy across the
continent at night, the image is dramatically
different than that of a developed area as
the continent is awash in darkness due to
the absence of electricity and lighting. Just
as Africa has begun to bridge the digital
divide through use of wireless communication
technologies, it may soon be able to power up
through smaller-scale decentralized energy
projects that do not require miles and miles of
poles and wires.
Last June, US president Barack Obama
announced his Power Africa initiative with
the goal to double access to power in sub-
Saharan Africa. More than two-thirds of the
population of sub-Saharan Africa is without
electricity, and more than 85% of those living
in rural areas lack access. According to the
White House, Power Africa will build on Africas
enormous power potential, including new
discoveries of vast reserves of oil and gas, and
the potential to develop clean geothermal,
hydropower, wind and solar energy. It will help
countries develop newly-discovered resources
responsibly, build out power generation
and transmission, and expand the reach of
mini-grid and off-grid solutions.
Having recently returned from a meeting
of the Africa Gas Association, it is apparent
that the dash to gas is not confned to North
America, but is spreading rapidly throughout
Africa, including the eastern regions. As this
natural gas production advances it will create
localised opportunities for power generation
that is clean, affordable and effcient. While
some of this new natural gas production may
be destined for export markets, as a localised
gas distribution network develops it will allow
for new uses and markets to progress as well.
WADE is excited about the prospect for
decentralized power in Africa and about
the potential for the coupling of natural
gas with power generation technology to
create economic opportunities, a cleaner
environment, improved access to healthcare,
expanded educational experiences, and an
overall improvement in the quality of life.
To this end, WADE is planning to follow up
the meeting with the Africa Gas Association
with a meeting in Cape Town on 19 March
in conjunction with POWER-GEN Africa
(www.powergenafrica.com). The potential
is as large as the continent and WADE
hopes to be a fundamental player in Africas
decentralized energy future. We hope to see
you in Cape Town or elsewhere under the
shining lights that will illuminate the previously
dark continent.

David Sweet
Executive Director, WADE
dsweet@localpower.org
1311COSPP_8 8 10/29/13 11:50 AM
1311COSPP_9 9 10/29/13 11:50 AM
News
Send your news to Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production:
News
10
REPORT BODES WELL FOR COMBINED HEAT AND POWER
Combined heat and power
and carbon capture and
storage technologies will help
push the generation of the
global thermal power market
to 19,869.1 TWh by 2020,
according to new data.
A report from research and
consulting frm GlobalData
states that the past few
years have seen heavier
investment into research and
development to improve
fossil fuel technologies that
can generate power at a
higher capacity factor, whilst
displaying a minimal impact
on the environment.
It adds that the fact that
energy effciency and security
now form the foundations
of many countries power
policies is also a major
contributing factor behind
these investments.
CCS has been deemed
one of the most effcient
technologies for reducing
carbon dioxide emissions while
maintaining the use of fossil
fuels for electricity generation,
says the report. Similarly, CHP
provides an effcient and
clean approach to generating
electricity, and useful thermal
energy, from one fuel.
Sayani Roy, GlobalDatas
power analyst, said: These
two technologies are in high
demand among countries
where electricity is mainly
generated from thermal
resources, and the governments
of major economies have been
focusing substantially on the
mandatory adoption of such
technologies to help reduce
emissions from their respective
power sectors.
She highlighted the situation
in the US, where the government
has rolled out various acts
and policies which make the
adoption of CCS and CHP
technologies obligatory, while
also supporting power facilities
fnancially in adopting it.
She added that countries
such as India, China, the
UK and Germany have also
been taking signifcant steps
towards the adoption of these
technologies in order to reduce
local emissions.
Japans new power sources to include CHP?
Its not often that the
decentralized energy spotlight
shines on Japan. Yet, with the
fallout from 2011s earthquake,
tsunami and destruction of
the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear
power plant still in the air, there
is much interest in how the
country will realign its energy
and electricity policies.
The greater use of gas to
generate power in thermal
plants has been the short-
term answer, with the
resulting increased imports of
expensive natural gas. Could
cogeneration also beneft?
CHPs current status is
healthy. Japan has nearly
10 GWe of CHP generating
capacity in place, four-ffths of
this in the industrial sector and
the rest serving commercial
buildings and, through
micro-CHP technology, homes.
After strong capacity growth
in the 1990s and until 2008,
growth then almost halted
until last year, when 400 MW of
new plants were added.
All this according to a
new report on the status of
and prospects for CHP and
district heating and cooling
(DHC): Country Scorecard:
Japan, published under the
International Energy Agencys
CHP/DHC Collaborative.
CHPs prospects are less
certain its hard to say
whether the growth in capacity
in 2012 represents the start of
a new, post-Fukushima upward
trend. But there is considerable
room for optimism, says the
IEA. It suggests that the market
for CHP may develop around
three main opportunities:
possible new policy incentives
for CHP following the tsunami;
continued support from the
government and Japans gas
industry for micro-CHP; and a
growing role for fexible CHP
systems to work within smart
energy networks.
1311COSPP_10 10 10/29/13 11:50 AM
CAT, CATERPILLAR, their respective logos, Caterpillar Yellow, the Power Edge trade dress, as well as
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2013 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved.
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1311COSPP_11 11 10/29/13 11:50 AM
News
12
AL GORES NEW
HQ POWERED BY
FUEL CELL CHP
Former US vice president Al
Gores new London, England
headquarters is to be powered
by fuel cell combined heat
and power technology.
The fuel cell has already
been installed at the Crown
Estate development on
Regent Street in central
London, where Generation
Investment Management, Mr
Gores sustainable investment
company, is sited.
The cost of the new system,
the frst of its kind to be
installed in the UK, has not
been revealed.
The cell was developed by
US company FuelCell Energy
and will emit 38 per cent less
carbon dioxide than using
electricity from the grid and
heat from gas-fred boilers,
according to the Crown Estate,
which says 350 tonnes of
carbon dioxide emissions will
be saved per year.
The new plant forms
part of the central energy
system which serves
46,452 m
2
of offces, shops, fats,
restaurants and hotels in the
Quadrantdevelopment.
TRANSCANADA COGENERATION PLANT GETS GE BOOST
TransCanadas Mackay River industrial
cogeneration facility in Alberta has increased
its output capacity by 10 per cent and boosted
its fuel effciency by more than 2 percent after
hardware and software upgrades from GE.
Commissioned in 2004, the plant features
a combustion turbine generator and heat
recovery steam generator which produce
165 MW along with 720 tonnes of steam per
hour. The plant supplies power to PetroCanadas
Mackay River enchanced oil recovery (EOR)
bitumen extraction facility.
GEs upgrades were installed on one natural
gas-fred combustion turbine at the plant,
reducing emissions by around 1600 tonnes of
NOx per year. TransCanada now expects three
additional power generating days per year
for the plant, which operates nearly 24 hours
per day. The company also expects reduced
maintenance outages.
Because the bitumen extraction facility uses
large quantities of steam, the plant includes
one of the worlds largest EOR heat recovery
steamgenerators.
Ikea installs rooftop solar in Spain
Swedish furniture retailer Ikea
continues its drive to power its
stores with on-site renewables
with a new rooftop solar
installation in Spain.
The 480 solar panels on the
roof of Ikeas store in Sabadell,
Barcelona produce around
158,000 kWh per year, which
the store consumes on-site.
Ikea has installed rooftop
solar on fve of its Spanish stores
this year, using solar panels
from REC, the largest European
solar panel supplier. REC says
its Spanish installations for Ikea
generate around 12,000 kWh
per year.
The new solar installations
are part of the Ikea
renewable project, launched
in 2007 and designed to
ensure that each Ikea store
generates enough power from
renewable sources to cover its
own demand. Since its launch,
the project has reduced Ikeas
power bill by almost 2 million
per year, and achieved energy
savings of 11,795 MWh, the
company says.
Ikeas latest investment in
on-site solar power comes
at a time when Spains solar
market is in disarray following
retroactive feed-in tariff cuts
and a profts cap for renewable
energy producers. Against this
backdrop, projects such as
Ikeas offer a promising vein
of opportunity to the solar
industry, REC said.
SWEDISH DISTRICT HEATING PLANT ORDERS FLUE GAS CONDENSER
Falkenberg district heating
plant in Sweden has ordered
an SRE fue gas condenser.
The plant, which is run on
biomass, will see the installation
of the equipment performed by
Opcon AB.
SREs fue gas condenser
effciently captures waste heat
in smokestack gases and
recycles the energy to the
district heating grid. The fue
gas condenser, that adds some
1.7 MW to the system, increases
energy effciency by up to
20-25 per cent depending
on fuel, thereby helping
Falkenberg Energi to reduce
its fuel consumption and lower
emissions considerably.
The condenser will be
installed at the facilitys 8 MW
boiler in Falkenberg. Order
value amounts to around
US$780,000 and the delivery
is expected at the beginning
of2014.
1311COSPP_12 12 10/29/13 11:50 AM
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1311COSPP_13 13 10/29/13 11:51 AM
News
14
Fuel Cell CHP Plant Delivered to
German Ministry
Fuel cell power plant provider
FuelCell Energy Solutions
(FCES) has announced
delivery of a combined
heat and power plant to
the German education and
research ministrys Berlin offce
complex, which is currently
under construction.
FCES will install the power
plant inside the offce
complex and commissioning
is expected in mid-2014.
Generating 250 kW, the
plant will supply 40 per cent of
the offce buildings electricity
needs and 20 per cent of its
thermal needs. Heat from the
plant will be used to generate
steam for facility heating and
absorption chilling.
The company says its
technology is fuel-neutral
and can use natural gas,
renewable biogas, directed
biogas and other fuels such
as propane. The Berlin power
plant will be fueled with
natural gas.
Founded in 2012, FCES is
a joint venture of Fraunhofer
IKTS and US-based FuelCell
Energy Inc. It is headquartered
in Dresden and has opened
a manufacturing facility
in Ottobrun.
LATIN AMERICAN BREAKTHROUGH
FOR BIOMASS APPLICATION
The San Juan de Olivos
olive facility in Argentina is
expecting to make signifcant
savings from the installation of
a biomass gen-set.
Dresser-Rand installed the
frst Guascor gen-set for a
biomass application in Latin
America at the San Juan
olive harvesting and olive oil
production facility.
The technology will power
the plants operation as well
as potentially provide surplus
power for the San Juan area
and is forecast to save the frm
up to US$600,000 in electricity
costs every year.
Dresser-Rand worked on the
project with LatAm Bioenergy
Group, a New York-based
engineering, procurement
and construction company,
focused on the sustainable
development of renewable
energy solutions in Latin
American countries.
The green power project
will use a Guascor SFGLD360
containerized CHP unit to
gasify the facilitys biomass to
produce syngas. The syngas
will power San Juan de Olivoss
production facility. The biomass
employed in this project will
be the waste wood collected
by pruning the olive trees,
and the extracted olive mash
and pits discarded during oil
production.
The process is expected
to yield roughly 250-300 kWe
each day covering all of the
facilitys energy demands. San
Juan de Los Olivos is also in the
process of acquiring a license
that will allow the facility to
generate surplus electricity that
can be exported to the Energa
San Juan power grid.
KIEV RESIDENTS FACING CHILL
Half the residents of Kiev,
Ukraine are in danger of being
left without heat as winter
approaches after the citys
electricity operator ordered gas
pressure to be cut to combined
heat and power plants.
Interfax Ukraine reports that
over 7000 Kiev heat consumers
(including houses and social
sphere facilities) could be left
without heating and hot water
supplies in the coming frst
autumn frosts after Kyivtransgaz
cut gas pressure to combined
heat and power plant fve and
combined heat and power
plant six.
The gas pressure is reported
to have been reduced as
Kyivenergo owed US$256m
(UAH 2.1 billion) to Naftogaz
Ukrainy for gas consumed. The
action has been a frequent
occurrence in the winter
months for the city.
At the moment Kyivenergo
supplies heat to only 17.6% of
residential buildings, 93% of
kindergartens, 48% of schools
and 82% of hospitals, as a result
of the action.
FORTUM SELLS
KUUSAMO
PLANT AS PART
OF EFFICIENCY
STRATEGY
Fortum has sold its cogeneration
plant at Kuusamo, Finland
to district heating specialist
Adven Oy for an undisclosed
price, as the company
seeks to drive through its
effciency programme.
The programme, which
began a year ago, sees Fortum
concentrating its combined
heat and power production to
larger centres and units.
The production capacity
of the Kuusamo plant is 6 MW
electricity and 19 MW district
heat. The Kuusamo energy and
water cooperative has been
responsible for operating the
Fortum-owned plant.
ALSTOM WINS
CHP CONTRACTS
Alstom has won US$231 million
worth of contracts to service
power plants in North America,
two of which are cogeneration
power plants.
The two CHP contracts are
located in Ontario and Alberta,
Canada, respectively.
Alstom was chosen to
execute a LTSA contract
with TransAlta Corp. (TAC)
in Canada for their Sarnia
cogeneration power plant
in Ontario and Poplar Creek
Cogeneration power plant
in Alberta.
Both TransAlta plants
operate Alstom built GT11N2
gas turbines.
The parts agreement will
be progressively booked
throughout the execution of
the contract.
1311COSPP_14 14 10/29/13 11:51 AM
News
www.cospp.com Cogeneration & OnSite Power Production | November - December 2013
15
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On-site power delivers a jolt to US utilities
Which companies generate the most
power from on-site renewable resources
in the US? In absolute terms, some very
large entities indeed Wal-Mart Stores,
the US Department of Energy, Apple,
BMW Manufacturing and Coca-Cola
Refreshments take the frst fve places
in a league table drawn up by the US
Environmental Protection Agency from
companies within its Green Power
Partnership. Wal-Mart stores generate
more than 100 GWh per year from biogas,
solar and wind power installations, while
Coca-Cola generates nearly half of
that, from biogas-to-power plants. But
Wal-Marts on-site generation represents
just 1% of its total power needs; Coca-
Cola generates just 6%.
Higher proportions of total power
use are to be found further down the
table. In fourteenth place lies the mainly
agricultural County of Yolo, in Northern
California, which generates 1.5 times
its own electricity requirements from
a series of solar power plants totalling
7 MW of capacity. And, in 19th place, the
Encina Wastewater Authority in Southern
California generates more than two thirds
of its electricity requirements from its own
waste biogases.
The EPA has recently honoured Apple;
the County of Santa Clara in California;
health care provider Kaiser Permanente
and the Chattanooga, Tennessee car
assembly plant operated by Volkswagen
Group of America for their use of
on-site power generation. Apple uses
a combination of large solar PV arrays
and biogas-to-power plants to supply
16% of the electricity requirements of its
US data centres and other facilities. The
County of Santa Clara, Kaiser Permanente
and Volkswagen Chattanooga all rely
on PV to supply towards 10% of their
electricity needs.
The EPA list ignores those public and
private sector organisations that use
gas-fred on-site CHP schemes, preferring
to highlight the role played by on-site
renewables. Put both of these generation
sources together, though, and a picture
emerges of US businesses staring to see the
sense of on-site energy generation as a way
to cut energy costs and insulate against
supply interruptions.
Separate from the EPA Green Power
Partnership, a recent Wall Street Journal
report describes on-site wind and biogas
schemes for a dairy in Pennsylvania and
a food distribution centre in California.
Meanwhile, home furnishings retailer
Ikea plans to incorporate geothermal
technology into the heating and
cooling systems of the store it is building
outside Kansas City. The company says
it either owns or operates more than
130 wind turbines and has installed
more than 30,000 solar panels for its
European operations.
1311COSPP_15 15 10/29/13 11:51 AM
News
16
English cogen specialist recognised
for industry leadership
ENER-G has been recognised
as a global leader in combined
heat and power technology,
after being shortlisted for the
Manufacturer and Engineer of
the Year Award in the Insider
North West International
Trade Awards, which will be
announced in December.
The nominations,
which recognise business
achievement in the northwest
of England, comes after the
companys success in the
prestigious COGEN Europe
20th anniversary awards for
exceptional contribution to the
European CHP sector.
ENER-G was the only
UK company recognised,
receiving the Market
Development Award for
its international role in
the advancement of
cogeneration.
The company designs,
manufactures, installs, fnances
and maintains cogeneration
systems from small-scale
4 kWe to large industrial
10 MWe modular installations
fuelled by natural gas, biogas,
propane, biodiesel or pure
plant oil (PPO).
A European market leader
in CHP, the company has
30 million hours of
cogeneration operating
experience and 695 MW of
generation capacity, which
has offset 1.5 million tonnes of
CO2 per year.
Major clients include
GlaxoSmithKline and
David Lloyd Leisure and
the company has worked
throughout Europe and most
recently begun implementing
projects in the US.
ENER-G pioneered the
pay-as-you-save Discount
Energy Purchase scheme in
the 1990s. This gives cash-
strapped organisations
access to CHP technology
and associated energy
effcient solutions, without any
up-front investment.
EIB PROMOTES USE OF CHP IN RUSSIA
The Primorye region on the east
coast of Russia is to beneft
from a European Investment
Bank (EIB) loan, which is set to
improve its energy capacity.
EIB is lending US$135 billion
(RUB 4 billion) to support the
modernisation of power and
heat generation technology
in Vladivostok, the regional
capital. It will enable electricity
to be generated to facilitated
50,000 apartments and heat
more than 600 family homes.
The project is part of a
larger programme to bring
natural gas to Russias Far East,
enabling a switch from coal
to natural gas as the primary
energy source and reducing
CO
2
emissions.
The loan the frst ever to be
extended by the EIB in Russian
roubles will fnance the
installation of three new state-
of-the-art combined heat and
power gas turbine units, which
will increase electricity and
heat production and bring
environmental and energy
effciency performance
into line with best practice.
This loan will contribute
to climate change
mitigation, which is a key
priority for the European
Union and therefore also
one of the key operational
priorities of the EIB, said
Wilhelm Molterer, EIB vice
president responsible
for lending operations in
Russia, adding that the
project also contributes
to the implementation of
the EURussia Partnership
for Modernisation.
The operation is being
carried out under the EIBs
Climate Change Mandate for
non-EU countries introduced
in 2011 and is being
co-fnanced with the European
Bank for Reconstruction
and Development.
Each of the three new
units will consist of a 46.5 MW
high-effciency gas turbine
and an associated 40 Gcal/h
heat-recovery hot water
generator. This will help to cover
the heat base-load throughout
the year in Vladivostok and
supply electricity to the region.
The project also includes
the installation of three
heat-only boilers (100 Gcal/h
each) to cover winter/peak
loads and replace the old
heat-only boilers currently
being used.
VASKILUODON VOIMA CHP PLANT IN LINE FOR METSO RETROFIT
Finnish power producer
Vaskiluodon Voima has agreed
with Metso on an extensive
automation retroft for a
plant in Seinjoki, Finland,
replacing the automation
system the plant has used
since 1989.
Metso will install its DNA
automation system as well as
new automation for the fuel
reception, water plant, auxiliary
boiler and ash handling. It will
also provide an update to the
reporting system, an emission
monitoring application in line
with Europes 2010 Industrial
Emission Directive, and new
combustion control methods.
Metso expects to complete
the work by August 2014.
The Seinjoki power plant
supplies local electricity and
district heat with a boiler
capacity (steam capacity)
of 299 MW, turbine electrical
capacity of 125 MW and district
heat capacity of 100 MW.
The plants primary fuels are
wood chips and peat, with
coal used as a backup fuel.
1311COSPP_16 16 10/29/13 11:51 AM
News
www.cospp.com Cogeneration & OnSite Power Production | November - December 2013
17
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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
COGENERATION PLANT GETS ITS
POWER BACK
Power has been restored to
the University of California at
Berkeleys cogeneration plant,
which had been without power
since an explosion damaged
the campuss underground
power lines on 30 September.
The universitys public affairs
offce said an investigation will
be launched into the cause of
the explosion.
The cogeneration plant
uses a natural gas-fred GE
LM2500 turbine generator to
produce 25 MW of electrical
power and 4 MWth of steam,
which is distributed through
underground tunnels to heat
campus buildings. The plant
is operated by GE and has
been online since 1987, with an
upgrade in 1998.
On-site power and heat
are common on the University
of Californias 10 campuses
-- such as UC Irvines 18 MW
cogeneration plant which uses
a combustion turbine and heat
recovery steam generator with
a chiller addition. And UC San
Diegos combined heat and
power facility, which features
two 13.5 MW gas turbine
generators, is part of a campus
smart microgrid system that
incorporates photovoltaic
solar panels and fuel cells and
meets over 90 percent of the
campuss power needs.
E.ON to supply CHP for Russian
industrial parks
E.ON and DEGA Group, a real estate developer in the Russian
Federation, have entered into a long-term partnership agreement
to build and operate on-site power generation facilities for DEGAs
Russian industrial parks.
DEGA already supplies business tenants on its Industrial Park
Noginsk, 48 km east of Moscow, with electricity and heat from
two 15 MW gas turbine combined heat and power units. E.ON
will now acquire a majority of the DEGA subsidiary that owns
and operates these CHP units, and will have exclusive access to
DEGAs pipeline of Russian industrial parks.
E.ON says it is expanding its distributed energy activities in
Russia, with a focus on services and light industries. The DEGA
partnership was signed with E.ON Connecting Energies, a new
international unit of E.ON SE focusing on energy effciency and
on-site generation solutions for businesses and the public sector.
1311COSPP_17 17 10/29/13 11:51 AM
H
ydrogen as a
cogeneration fuel
has yet to develop
the market
acceptance enjoyed by
natural gas and diesel-
fueled applications. But
that may be changing as
new technologies allow
renewable energy resources
to convert their output into
safe hydrogen that can
be stored for use in CHP
applications. Moreover,
new engine technologies
for generating heat and
electricity from hydrogen
could accelerate the
adoption of hydrogen-
fueled CHP.
In the past, hydrogen-fueled
cogeneration has typically
been associated with fuel
cell technology, and the
high cost of these systems
has been a limiting factor for
hydrogens viability as a fuel for
stationary power applications.
But the recent launch of a
dedicated hydrogen-fueled
CHP cogeneration system
from 2G Cenergy could
be a turning point for a
more economical solution,
according to Michael Turwitt,
the companys president and
CEO, based in St. Augustine,
Florida, US.
The idea to utilise fuel cells
for power generation sounds
very attractive for clean and
effcient energy production,
says Turwitt.
However, there are still
issues associated with the
technology such as very
high manufacturing costs,
performance and durability
issues, and high cost of fuel
production, especially if a
reformer is applied, he says.
Also, fuel cells require very
pure fuel, free of contaminants
including sulphur and other
carbon compounds. None
of these contaminants
inhibit combustion in an
internal combustion engine,
and reciprocating engines
do have a much higher
Hydrogen-fueled
CHP now on the horizon
Hydrogen as a fuel for cogeneration has yet to develop the market acceptance enjoyed by natural gas and
diesel-fueled applications, but new engine technologies for generating heat and electricity from hydrogen
could accelerate the adoption of hydrogen-fueled CHP, writes Ed Ritchie.
Innovations promise hydrogen-fueled cogeneration
The installation of 2Gs hydrogen
fueled, engine-based CHP systems
at the new Berlin Brandenburg Willy
Brandt Airport energy station marks
an important milestone
1311COSPP_18 18 10/29/13 11:51 AM
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1311COSPP_19 19 10/29/13 11:51 AM
tolerance level for such
fuel impurities.
According to the National
Fuel Cell Research Center at
the University of California,
fuel cells could become
competitive with traditional
engine technologies in the
stationary power market if
they reach an installed cost
of US$1500 or less per kW.
(Currently, the cost is in the
range of $4000+ per kW.)
Compared to prices of $800
to $1500 for reciprocating
engine-based CHP systems,
Turwitt expects to see a broad
range of applications for
2G Cenergys products. For
example, the frst units found
a home at an energy station
within the Berlin Brandenburg
Willy Brandt airport in Germany.
The CHP installation
uses two hydrogen-fueled
engines powering 2Gs
Agenitor CHP systems, with
an output currently set at
400 kW/unit (units are capable
of 500 kW output). The CHP
plant functions as part of
a larger hydrogen vehicle
fueling project, operated by
a multi-national oil and gas
consortium that includes
Total (oil and gas distributor
and commercial flling
station operator), Enertrag
(renewable energy and wind
turbine project operator) and
The Linde Group (industrial
gas supplier and hydrogen
plant operator).
Given the commercial
partners and the German
governments strong support
for hydrogen as a clean energy
fuel, the timing could not have
been better to introduce a
hydrogen-fueled reciprocating
engine at the Berlin airport,
because the CHP system
expands the existing hydrogen
vehicle fueling station into
a self-contained hydrogen
complex. By incorporating an
Enertrag wind farm plus solar
panels from a Total subsidiary,
the project could achieve
100% renewable electricity to
power the system, supporting
an electrolyzer that produces
about 200 kg of hydrogen per
day (equivalent to about 50
full tanks of fuel cell cars).
Linde is responsible for the
development, installation
and technical operation of
the hydrogen station, which
plays an important role in
the conversion of wind to
hydrogen as a method for
gaining maximum effciency
from wind turbine generation
when there is no demand for
its output.
A portion of the hydrogen
now fuels 2G Cenergys CHP
system, generating green
energy for heat and electricity
at the airport where safe
operations at the plant are
critical to the projects success,
according to Turwitt. Using
hydrogen has always been a
safety question, he says
A lot of people have
said that hydrogen is highly
explosive and needs to be
handled safely, and that
requires certain technologies.
There are car manufacturers
that have hydrogen engines
in their vehicles but its never
been done as a serious
product for prime power
generation and CHP.
I think the biggest
breakthrough is our fuel
injection technology. Our
engineering group has
been working on this for
quite some time and it
helps tremendously for safe
operations. The port injection
enables us to prepare
and mix the fuel before its
injected into the combustion
chamber. That makes it
extremely safe and very
economical.
It is worth noting that
the CHP plants hydrogen
gas storage system
also represents a major
breakthrough for the industry.
Typically, hydrogen fuel
produced by electrolysis can
fuctuate, but this problem
is solved by a technology
for storing hydrogen in solid
form (metal hydrides) at
low pressure. This storage
enables a permanent supply
of hydrogen fuel for the 2G
CHP system.
It is manufactured by McPhy
Energy, based in Grenoble,
France, and uses a magnesium
hydride solid storage
technology. The airport unit
holds up to 100 kg of hydrogen
produced from electrolysis.
Safe storage is a key beneft,
and the technology can store,
at atmospheric pressure, as
much hydrogen as a 500
bar storage within the same
volume.
Utility-scale energy storage
is a high priority in Germanys
clean energy strategy. The city
of Berlin has offered 200 million
($271 million) between 2011
and 2014 for energy storage-
related research.
For the airport project,
the fnancial commitment
is equally impressive. The
funding for the capital and
operating costs (maintenance
and repair) to mid-2016
alone amounts to about
10 million. Among the
commercial partners, Linde
and Total each invested over
3 million. For Enertrag, it is
2 million and for the CHP
system, 2G has committed
1 million.
On the federal side,
the National Innovation
Programme for Hydrogen and
Fuel Cell Technology (NIP)
is providing 50% funding to
the participants to support
the federal governments fuel
strategy. According to Enertrag,
the investment is justifed. The
companys research shows
that Germanys storage
facilities amount to roughly
2Gs IL6 and V12 hydrogen-fueled engines power its agenitor
306 and 312 CHP systems
1311COSPP_20 20 10/29/13 11:51 AM
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Primary Fuel System Upgrade:
NOTE FOR STOP/RATIO VALVE:
Replace SRV (Stop/Ratio Valve) from Primary Lube
Oil supply and connect to Localized Hydraulic
Power Unit (See Hydraulic details below).
Stop/Ratio
Valve
Gas Control Valve (PM-1)
Quantanary
Gas Control Valve
FUEL
SOURCE
3010E 530 Series
3 Valve
3010E 530 Series
3 Valve
3010E 530 Series
3 Valve
3010E 520 Series
2 Valve
DLN 2.0
Replace all Hydraulic Control Valves with
Proven EMA All-Electric Control Valve
Assemblies (pictured at right).
EMA = Electromechanically Actuated
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Connecting the IGV assembly
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reduces potential for varnish
to occur.
Y&F 1270E200 Series
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Unison
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Existing Dither Resistant IGV
Oil Feed
Oil Return
Control Signal
Feedback
Existing Turbine
Process Fuel
Control System
(
UNCHANGED
)
Independent HPU
replaces turbine
lube oil supply
for controls.
(SRV & IGV ONLY)
Unhook Inlet Guide Vane Actuator and Stop Ratio Valve from Turbine Lube Oil system.
Install a Hydraulic Power Unit (or HPU, such as the Y&F 1270 Series, pictured below)
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Control Signal
Feedback
(
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1311COSPP_21 21 10/29/13 11:51 AM
0.07 TWh, but the countrys
requirements for 2050 will
exceed 40 TWh.
Siemens is planning to fll
some of that storage gap. The
German engineering giant
is designing a large-scale
electrolysis system to convert
wind energy into storable
hydrogen, with a pilot project
to begin in 2015.
Germany has another
important wind-to-hydrogen
project, though in this case,
rather than storing the
hydrogen on site, it is fed
directly to the natural gas grid.
The new power-to-gas system
was built by Canada-based
Hydrogenics for German utility
E.ON, and its key advantage
is its high storage capacity
within natural gas pipelines.
Globally, energy storage
is on the rise. According to
Navigant Research, in the frst
six months of 2013, 38 new
advanced energy storage
projects were announced,
deployed or started, which
brings the worldwide total
to 633 projects operating or
under development. Most
signifcant hydrogen storage
projects that are making
progress have some form of
government funding.
For example, in France,
the Areva Group is supplying
an industrial energy storage
system, developed with the
backing of OSEO, the French
public body for the funding
and support of technological
innovation, as part of the
Horizon Hydrogen Energy
(H2E) programme. Arevas
Greenergy Box combines
an electrolyzer to make
hydrogen and a fuel cell to
generate electricity.
In Japan, the Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry
has a project in Kitakyushu City
that uses a 100 kW solar panel
array and 60 kW wind turbine
to make and store hydrogen
for a 400 kW fuel cell.
Through Scottish Enterprise,
Scotlands government has
contributed 2.8 million
($4.5 million) towards the cost
of the Hydrogen Offce building.
The project includes a 30 kW
hydrogen production system, a
750 kW wind turbine, hydrogen
storage, and a 10 kW hydrogen
fuel cell.
In the US, progress on
wind-to-hydrogen has been
limited to just a few projects. The
National Renewable Energy
Laboratory (NREL), a division
of the Department of Energy
(DOE), partnered with Xcel
Energy on a demonstration
project at the National
Wind Technology Center in
Boulder, Colorado.
From December 2008
through September 2009,
NREL operated a Mercedes
Benz F-Cell fuel cell vehicle
with hydrogen from wind and
solar PV, but the pilot has run
its course. More recently, a
$4.6 million DOE grant secured
by the town of Hempstead.
Long Island, funded a single
wind turbine to power a
water-to-hydrogen process,
with the ultimate goal of
fueling the citys hydrogen
vehicles and a bus.
Overall, the opportunity for
hydrogen storage projects in
the US is growing. Renewable
energy accounted for nearly
50% of all new US electric
generation in 2012, according
to Ernst & Young, while 13.1
GW of wind was added to its
grid last year, and total wind
installations reached 60 GW of
installed capacity.
There is at least one US
utility-scale wind-to-energy
project on the horizon.
Norfolk Wind Energy, National
Renewable Solutions and
Millennium Reign Energy
recently announced plans for
a 10 MW wind-to-hydrogen
facility in Renville County,
Minnesota. The project
will produce 500,000 kg of
Hydrogen production
research: from soybeans
to silicon
As the market for hydrogen continues to grow,
research projects focused on reducing production
costs are on the rise. Much of the focus is on fnding
alternatives to the use of palladium and platinum
to catalyze the chemical reaction in processing
hydrogen. Such heavy metals are expensive,
non-renewable and toxic.
The technologies being studied have a surprisingly
diverse range of approaches. For example, at the
US Department of Energys Brookhaven National
Laboratory, researchers have identifed soybean
derivatives and molybdenum metal as low-cost
replacement candidates.
Nanotechnology is another approach to reducing
catalyst costs. Researchers at Japans Institute of
Physical and Chemical Research and Institute for
Molecular Science have partnered with McGill
University in Canada to study iron nanoparticles
as an alternative catalyst material. Iron is also the
material of choice for researchers at the US Pacifc
Northwest National Laboratory.
At the University of Buffalo, researchers are testing
nanotechnology for creating spherical silicon
particles that react with water to create hydrogen.
Meanwhile in France, scientists at the Collge
de France, CNRS and Universit Joseph Fourier in
Grenoble are studying hydrogenase, which is found
in microorganisms that use hydrogen as a source
of energy.
The results offer a wide variety of hydrogenase
enzymes found in nature, and the possibility of
enzymes that may potentially serve as catalysts
for fuel cells or the production of hydrogen from
sources of renewable energy.
Scientists at the UKs University of Cambridge
have developed a process using water with a
low-cost catalyst (cobalt), surrounded by
atmospheric oxygen, for processing hydrogen at
room temperature.
Moving from room temperature to blistering
heat, a University of Colorado team has designed
a concentrated solar mirror and tower system to
create hydrogen. The mirrors focus sunlight on a
61-metre tower and heat it to 1350C. The heat
is used in a reactor that houses steam and metal
oxides to create hydrogen.
Finally, in Germany, The Linde Group is extracting
hydrogen from raw glycerol, a byproduct of
biodiesel manufacturing.
1311COSPP_22 22 10/29/13 11:51 AM
www.cospp.com Cogeneration & OnSite Power Production | November - December 2013 23
hydrogen annually, and the
partners are exploring the
option of using a hydrogen-
fueled 1 MW fuel cell to
sell electricity to a local
grid operator during peak
demand hours.
Projects worldwide refect
a positive environment for
hydrogen as a fuel and energy
storage resource, says Henning
Tomforde, head of Market
Development, Hydrogen
Solutions and Marketing,
Clean Energy at Munich-
based The Linde Group.
A lot of demonstration
projects are planned or
ongoing for both cogeneration
and hydrogen-powered feet
operations such as cars, buses
and forklifts. Slowly but surely
we are seeing various markets
around the globe evolving.
As with Berlins airport
project, much of the focus
is on hydrogen production
from renewables, storage
and transport, but Tomforde
notes that the growth of the
hydrogen for vehicles market
can have a positive effect
on storage and stationary
power generation.
In general, cogeneration
and hydrogen fuel
infrastructure for cars are not
necessarily linked, but Im quite
sure that it will have a positive
effect due to the fact that the
infrastructure in general is
getting more widely available,
he says. Also the acceptance
and awareness of hydrogen is
getting better.
In April 2013 The Linde
Group promoted hydrogen
at the Hannover Messe trade
show, showcasing its latest
developments in stationary
fueling technologies. In the
past two years alone, Linde
developed and built more than
10 hydrogen stations, three of
which generate hydrogen on
site from renewables.
One of the recent projects
opened in March 2013, for the
utility EnBW Energie Baden-
Wurttemberg AG, as part of
the Clean Energy Partnership
(CEP) in Stuttgart, Germany.
Another source of
awareness for hydrogen comes
from its steady growth and
distribution in conventional
industrial markets.
Even if they focus on
industrial applications, the
more hydrogen clusters
the better it is for any
alternative, new hydrogen
applications such as use as
a fuel for transportation or
cogeneration, says Tomforde.
The overall infrastructure
for hydrogen is getting denser,
and usually when something
becomes denser and more
widely available it is more
economically viable.
Ultimately, economic
viability is the bottom line for
hydrogen-fueled CHP, and the
Berlin airport project looks to be
an ideal test site for evaluating
two key issues the use of
renewable energy resources
for hydrogen production and
the viability of hydrogen-fueled
CHP applications.
Until now, hydrogen and
CHP have been dominated
by fuel cell applications that
are rarely undertaken without
some form of government
funding. But reciprocating
hydrogen-fueled engines
that can offer an economic
proposition comparable to
natural gas and diesel could
establish hydrogen-fueled
CHP as a viable alternative.
Ed Ritchie is a freelance
writer, based in the US,
who specializes in matters
affecting the energy sector.
This article is available
on-line. Please visit
www.cospp.com
1311COSPP_23 23 10/29/13 11:51 AM
Coal to CHP conversion
T
he US state of
Michigan is best
known as home
to Detroit, an auto
manufacturing giant now
infamous for its economic
decline. While Detroits
problems get much of
the attention, Michigans
capital city, Lansing, has
been quietly prospering and
paints a far different picture
of the state.
Lansing grew tremendously
in the last century with the rise
of the auto industry. But today
the city prospers through a
diversifed economy. General
Motors still operates in Lansing,
but ranks a distant fourth as
a jobs producer. Government,
education and healthcare are
the largest employers among
the citys 115,000 inhabitants.
Lansing has the advantage
of serving as both the seat
of the state government
and home to Michigan
State University. The city has
two medical schools, one
veterinary school, two nursing
schools, two law schools, the
state Supreme Court and
Court of Appeals, a federal
court, and headquarters
of four national insurance
companies. In 2011, Forbes
Magazine ranked Lansing as
19th for job growth among
When it came time to build Michigans frst new utility power plant in 25 years, the Lansing
Board of Water and Light chose combined heat and power. The new 100-MW plant began
operating in July. Elisa Wood explores how and why Michigans state capital came to
choose CHP to replace an aging coal-fred generating plant and coal boiler.
Coal to CHP
Michigan shows how it can be done
BMLs REO Town Headquarters and Cogeneration Plant
is part of a larger city revitalisation project
1311COSPP_24 24 10/29/13 11:51 AM
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mid-sized cities, jumping 49
spots from its 2010scoring.
The city receives such praise
in part because of its urban
revitalisation programme
started more than a decade
ago. Against the backdrop of
this renewal, the Lansing Board
of Water and Light (BWL)
Michigans largest municipal
utility decided to replace its
50-year-old coal-fred power
plant and a separate coal
boiler with a state-of-the-art,
natural gas-fred combined
heat and power facility.
Called the REO Town
Headquarters and
Cogeneration Plant, the
100 MW combined-cycle
project went into commercial
operation in July to help serve
the municipal utilitys 151,000
customers (96,000 electric,
55,000 water and about 225
steam/chilled water) who
consumed 2.9 million MWh
in2012.
The projects beginnings go
back more than half a dozen
years, when BWL realised it
would need to replace the
coal-fred power plant known
as the Eckert generating
station. The utility furthered
the idea in its 2008 Integrated
Resource Plan, where it noted
that cities of the future need
inexpensive energy supply
and plenty of it. Major data
centres, the report noted, can
consume as much electricity
as an automobile assembly
plant. It was not that Lansing
was expecting any large
increase in its electric demand,
certainly nothing like the 5-10%
annual rate the city saw during
its manufacturing boom of
the 1940s50s. In fact, like
much of the US, Lansing was
forecasting modest growth of
about 1.4% annually. But utility
planners saw little future for
the Eckert plant. It was aging
beyond its useful life, and even
its newer units were likely to
require expensive upgrades to
meet evolving environmental
standards. Lansing needed
new power to replace it.
Coal loses favour
At frst, BWL planned to meet
the need with a hybrid
biomass/coal baseload plant,
plus renewable energy and
energy effciency. The utility
reasoned that the hybrid
would protect customers from
fossil fuel price spikes and the
overall strategy would lower
the utilitys emissions profle.
But BWL soon began to
reconsider because of new
rules that the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) was
foating for coal-fred boilers.
Of particular concern was the
Maximum Achievable Control
Technology rule for industrial,
commercial and institutional
boilers and process heaters,
known as Boiler MACT. The
rule limits mercury, carbon
monoxide, fne particulates
and other forms of air pollution
from new and existing boilers
of a specifed size. Complying
with the rule carries a hefty
price tag for the 14,000
industrial boilers affected: an
average US$4.4 million per
coal boiler and $1.9 million per
oil boiler for necessary capital
improvement and compliance
measures, according to
theEPA.
Boiler MACT does not
apply to power generation
facilities, so Lansing was not
concerned about its new
power plant. But it was worried
about its neighbouring
Moores Park steam plant. The
coal boiler supplied steam to
heat buildings in downtown
Lansing, including the state
capital building, as well as the
nearby General Motors Grand
River assembly plant. But like
the Eckert generating station,
the steam plant was showing
its age and not measuring
up in a world that demanded
cleaner power. Three of the
Moores Park units were more
than 55 years old, and the
fourth unit more than 40
years old.
BWL could undertake an
expensive retroft or pursue
other options, such as
replacing Moores Park with
new natural gas boilers or
combined heat and power. The
utility announced its decision
in July 2010 it would move
forward with CHP because of
its effciency, low life-cycle costs
and environmental benefts.
This would allow Lansing to
replace both its generation
and steam facilities with one
new plant.
The utility typically fnances
capital improvements through
internally generated funds.
But given the size of the REO
Town plant, BWL chose to
issue municipal bonds as a
fnancing vehicle. BWL was
able to secure the bonds at
a low borrowing interest rate
because two major rating
agencies Standard & Poors
and Moodys issued AA
ratings for the company. This
placed BWL in the top 30% of
rated US public power utilities.
The agencies found that BWL
has strong fnancial metrics
and highly competitive electric
rates, below the state average.
BWL sold $250 million in bonds
in increments of $5000, frst to
Michigan retail investors and
then to institutional investors.
The bonds sold in two days.
With the fnancing in
place, the utility broke ground
on the facility in May 2011.
Construction began soon after
in early summer. The facility
took about 18 months to build
with construction creating
about 1000 local jobs.
The plant uses a steam
turbine and generator that was
manufactured by Elliott Group
in Jeannette, Pennsylvania. REO
Town was built by Lansings The
Christman Company, Granger
Construction Company, Clark
Construction Company and
Kramer Management Group,
among others.
A larger revitalisation
While the power plant was
the core of the development
project, BWL sought to
bring other benefts to the
community as well. The project
became part of Lansings
larger revitalisation effort.
The new plant is on a 2 ha site
in the REO Town neighborhood.
The location worked for BWL
because it was close to the
utilitys steam and electric
distribution systems. Before
BWL began construction, the
property contained an asphalt
parking lot and the former
Grand Trunk Western Railroad
depot, a building of historical
importance that had suffered
neglect and was closed to
the public. The property once
housed the Diamond Reo
Truck Company, which was
The 100-MW combined cycle cogeneration plant entered
commercial operation in July
1311COSPP_26 26 10/29/13 11:51 AM
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BWL decided to restore the
buildings architecture to again
make it an attractive focal point
of the neighbourhood. But the
utilitys goal was more than
aesthetic; it wanted to help
spur economic development
in REO Town and Lansing and
add to its revitalisation efforts.
The complex makes space
for 180 BWL employees and
the restored Grand Trunk
Western Railroad depot for
meetings of the BWL Board
of Commissioners.
Project achieves frsts
When the $182 million plant
began commercial operation
this July both on time and on
budget it was noteworthy for
several reasons. It became the
frst new utility power plant built
in Michigan in 25 years and the
frst new BWL power plant in 40
years. In addition to providing
20% of BWLs electric genera-
tion, the plant produces up to
136,000 kg of steam for BWLs
225 steam customers in down-
town Lansing.
BWL sees the plant as a
step toward achieving its
goal of a 20% reduction in
greenhouse gas emissions
by 2020. Compared to the
coal-fred units it replaces,
the new plant offers several
environmental advantages:
A 50 rec0clicn in
greenhouse gases;
lhe eliminclicn cf 317,515
tonnes of coal use; and
c crcp in merc0ry cnc
sulphur dioxide emissions
and an 85% drop in
nitrogen oxides.
Lansing expects the
facility to bring further kudos
to the city because of its
environmental advantages.
The facility is undergoing
the process to achieve the
prestigious designation of
LEED Leadership in Energy
and Environmental Design
through the US Green Building
Council. The headquarters
green features include solar
panels and a hydrogen
fuel cell.
The projects green
achievements are in keeping
with BWLs reputation as an
environmental leader in
Michigan. BWL describes itself
as the frst utility in the state
to establish specifc goals to
acquire renewable energy,
and the frst to offer customers
a group of energy-effciency
incentives. In 2008, the utility
installed the Cedar Street Solar
Arrcy, cl lhe lime lhe lcrgesl
solar array in Michigan with
432 photovoltaic panels.
In terms of REO Towns
operating costs, the market
appears to be working in BWLs
favour. Natural gas prices have
fallen signifcantly since the
city frst started looking into
replacing its coal facilities.
As c res0ll, f0el ccsls fcr PFC
The REO Town plant produces up
to 136,000 kg of steam for BWLs
225 steam customers in
downtown Lansing
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Town are likely to be less than
expected, according to the
utility. The New York Mercantile
Exchange natural gas futures
closing price was $8.39 on 27
August, 2008 and dropped
58.5% to $3.47 by 29 October,
2012, according to the Bureau
of Labour Statistics. The prices
have remained at historically
low levels. The Energy
Information Administration
pegged Henry Hub prices
at an average of $2.75 per
MMBtu in 2012 and $3.71
per MMBtu in 2013, rising to
an expected $4 per MMBtu
in 2014.
Given the economic,
environmental and aesthetic
improvements brought
by the REO Town project,
the utility is calling the
project transformational.
J Peter Lark, BWL general
manager, said, This state-of-
the-art cogeneration plant
scores a major victory for the
environment. And, were proud
that the project has been
called a game changer for
economic development in the
Lansing region.
But while the project clearly
offers signifcant betterment
for Lansing, will it have a
larger infuence on Michigans
CHP industry?
Michigans performance
has been somewhat middling
when it comes to CHP. In all,
the state has about 91 CHP
plants that generate more
than 3 GW, according to ICF
International, which keeps a
national database on CHP.
Only a handful of Michigans
CHP plants came on line in
the last few years. Several are
vintage, some dating back to
the 1930s.
The state scored reasonably
well, 12th for energy effciency,
on the American Council for
an Energy-Effcient Economys
2012 scorecard. But in the
CHP portion of the ranking,
Michigan scored only two
out of a possible fve points,
coming in below par for its
policies on portfolio standards,
incentives, net metering,
emissions treatment and
fnancing.
On the national level, the
Lansing plant arrives at an
important point. President
Barack Obama has set
a target to increase CHP
installations 50% by 2020. This
would increase the nations
current CHP stock of about
80 GW by another 40 GW. ICF
has identifed 4.4 GW under
development or construction.
So the US has a long way to go.
With its 100 MW of new
CHP capacity, the REO Town
project may seem like a small
contribution to such a big
goal. But it may go down in
history as one of the early
leaders in a new round of
US CHP development. It is
particularly signifcant that the
BWL project replaced a coal-
fred plant with CHP. Older coal-
fred plants are increasingly
shutting down in the US,
unable to compete in the face
of low natural gas prices and
increasingly stiff air emissions
standards. EIA estimates that
retirements could amount
to anywhere from 19 GW to
45 GW. ACEEE says that some
states could replace 50100%
of their coal-fred generation
with natural gas-fred CHP.
Will this happen? Its hard
to say. But with its REO Town
project, Michigans capital city
shows how it can be done.
Elisa Wood is a US-based
energy writer.
www.cospp.com
1311COSPP_29 29 10/29/13 11:51 AM
Innovative waste heat recovery
T
he (reciprocating)
diesel generator set
market remains fast
growing and vibrant,
representing the fastest
selling and least expensive
of the distributed generation
technologies available.
Applications including
prime, baseload power
generation (powergen),
backup/standby power and
temporary installations all
continue to see increased
sales, and this is anticipated
to continue well into the
future, particularly in the
developingworld.
A report published by
Navigant Research earlier this
year states that there remains
steady growth in sales of
reciprocating engines, burning
a range of fuels for powergen
The humble stationary genset is never going to be the sexiest piece of kit, often
criticised as highly-polluting and ineffcient. However, a novel waste heat recovery
technology promises to turn that perception on its head by increasing power,
improving fuel effciency and reducing emissions. Paul Dowman-Tucker explains.
Making
gensets
greener and leaner
The Bowman ETC technology ftted
to a 900 kW containerised genset
achieved an impressive peak fuel
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1311COSPP_31 31 10/29/13 11:52 AM
including, diesel, natural gas
and biogas. The latter two fuels
are particularly pertinent in the
context of rising exploration for
shale gas and the increasing
development and exploitation
of renewable gas sources
(such as anaerobic digestion
and landfll gas).
This continued growth
demonstrates that the
economics for reciprocating
gensets work, but in the face
of perennially rising fuel costs
engineers persist in exploring
means to recover some of
the signifcant proportion,
sometimes in excess of
60 per cent, of calorifc value
of the fuel being lost to the
environment as waste heat.
Many technologies have
been explored and developed
to recover some of the waste
energy, predominantly from
the exhaust, but none
of them have yet seen
widespread uptake. Examples
include mechanical turbo-
compounding, steam cycle
solutions, organic Rankine
cycle (ORC) solutions,
thermoelectric materials and
electric turbo-compounding.
The key challenges faced
include cost, the resulting
lengthy payback period,
reliability, and general
development maturity in the
context of a conservative
industry. Additionally, diffculties
associated with space
and weight requirements
also constrain the range
of potential applications,
although perhaps less so in
stationary powergen.
Novel waste heat
recovery technology
Bowman Power Group, based
in the UK, has been working
for the last nine years on
technology to recover waste
heat energy by means of
electric turbo-compounding
(ETC).
Bowman ETC systems have
seen considerable success to
date in stationary powergen
applications working on two
different value models power
boost (of up to 13 per cent),
or fuel saving (of up to
8.5 percent).
The technical principles by
which the system operates
are simple on the face of it.
A power turbine stage (gas
expander) is ftted into the
engine exhaust stream, either in
the wastegate fow if available
and appropriate (parallel
application), or downstream
from the engine turbocharger
turbine stage (series
application.) This power turbine
is close coupled to a compact,
high-speed, high-effciency
alternator which produces
high-frequency AC electricity.
This is converted into grid quality
three-phase AC and added
to the host genset output
for connection to the load,
be it a direct load or local or
national grid. This combination
of a turbogenerator and the
matched power electronics
make up the Bowman
ETC system.
In parallel applications, the
presence of the turbogenerator
does not have an impact
on the engine exhaust
aero-thermal characteristics,
and it is therefore simple
to integrate, requiring no
turbocharger modifcations.
In this application model, it is
possible to utilise a proportion,
or all, of the wastegate fow,
depending on requirement,
payback economics, etc,
utilising bypass features and
the control system embedded
within the power electronics.
In the more common series
application, the standard
engine turbocharger is often
replaced or modifed, frstly to
improve its effciency (this gives
some economic benefts in
itself) and secondly to ensure
that, in conjunction with the
turbogenerator, the overall
aero-thermal characteristics
of the engine exhaust system
continue to operate within
acceptable limits.
It should be noted that the
overall system back pressure
is normally increased by
the application of the ETC
system, but in the applications
developed to date this has not
proved to cause a problem
with engine durability, and in
fact a recent study into the ETC
system by Ricardo Consulting
Engineers has shown that there
can even be benefts from the
additional back pressure in
cases where the host genset
engine is ftted with an exhaust
gas recirculation (EGR) system
to help manage emissions.
Ricardos overall conclusions
were: The Bowman Power
turbogenerator system clearly
demonstrates the potential for
signifcant fuel consumption
improvements across all the
engine categories assessed
(0.52 MW), Furthermore, as
the turbogenerator system
is focused on continuous
rating applications, the
risk of increased exhaust
temperature and pressure
should beminimal.
Rigorous testing applied
The turbogenerator (TG), power
electronics and sometimes
also the turbochargers are
designed, manufactured
and tested at Bowmans UK
premises. The design of the TG
has been developed over time
by the experienced and expert
engineering team within
the company and, for some
aspects, in conjunction with
independent consultants. The
turbine itself is highly effcient
and uses fxed nozzle guide
vanes, which can be changed
to optimise the match of the
TG to each application.
The power electronics are
also developed in-house and
deliver an overall electrical
conversion effciency of
approximately 98 per cent,
ensuring the maximum
possible beneft to the end
user. The power electronics
are modular in concept,
centred on a standard
converter module that can
be confgured for the different
functions in the power
electronics and grouped
together in various numbers
to provide the overall capacity
necessary for the application
at hand. In the face of
developing grid connection
code requirements, Bowman
is currently going through
the process of certifying the
power electronics against the
challenging German market
standards including those of
VDE and BDEW.
Signifcant fuel savings
The Bowman ETC technology
has been tested in a variety of
applications, both on vehicles
and for stationary powergen,
and the benefts are
signifcant. For example, testing
A comparison of fuel consumption
215
ENGINE
BASELINE
TESTING
8.5%
8.5%
6%
ENGINE
TESTING
WITH TG
INSTALLED
210
205
200
195
190
185
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200
1311COSPP_32 32 10/29/13 11:52 AM
conducted on a Bowman
ETC system ftted to a 900 kW
(continuous) containerised
genset demonstrated
a peak fuel saving of
8.5 per cent for the same
electrical output compared
with the baselinegenset.
The fuel consumption data
from these tests highlight that,
in practice, the fuel saving is
consistent across a wide range
of power outputs. This latter
point is particularly important
when considering applications
which have variable outputs,
and also when comparing
with other technologies
which have a narrow band of
optimal performance.
Noting the barriers to
takeup of waste energy
recovery technologies, it is
important to state that the cost
of this technology has been
driven hard through value
engineering activities and
the takeup in certain markets
at reasonable volumes. The
Bowman ETC system is delivered
for less than 1000/kW
(US$1558/kW), comparing very
favourably with competing
technologies such as ORC,
which cost in the region of
20005000/kW. This enables
Bowman to offer a system
which, depending on fuel
cost, can achieve a payback
of signifcantly less than
two years.
Key value models
A couple of examples may
better explain the two key value
models of this technology.
Taking the power boost model
frst, we can examine the
application of the Bowman
ETC system to a Scania DC12-
based genset packaged for
use in the agri-tech market
where feed-in tariffs (FiTs)
are available for installations
burning renewable fuels to
generate power for the grid.
Schnell Motoren AG is
a pioneer in biogas plant
construction, based in Amtzell
in southern Germany near the
Swiss and Austrian borders.
Originally an end-to-end
provider, it has evolved into
a market and technology
leader for packaged dual fuel
CHP units.
FESSENHEIM - Feedwater Heater
for CNPE - France
TAVAZZANO - HRSG for Power
Plant - Italy
Porto CORsini - hrsg
for Power Plant - Italy
SIDI KRIR - Steam Surface
Condenser - Egypt
Heat Recovery
Steam Generators
Industrial Boilers
Heat Transfer
Products for
Nuclear Plants
Feedwater Heaters
Steam Surface
Condensers
Power Plant
Service
Utility Boilers
USC Boilers
Biomass Fired Boilers
Low-NOx Burners
Regenerative
Air Preheaters and
Gas-Gas Heaters
Power Plant Service:
inspections
recommendations
engineering
solutions
STF S.p.A.
Via Robecco, 20
20013 Magenta (MI) Italia
Tel: +39 02 972091
Fax: +39 02 9794977
www.stf.it
e-mail: stf@stf.it
BWE
Burmeister & Wain Energy A/S
Lundtoftegrdsvej 93A
DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby - Denmark
Tel: +45 39 45 20 00
Fax: +45 39 45 20 05
www.bwe.dk
e-mail: info@bwe.dk
BWE Energy India Pvt. Ltd
No. 43, KB Dasan Road
Teynampet
Chennai - 600 018
TamilNadu, India
Tel: +91 44 24 32 8101/2
Fax: +91 44 24 32 8103
e-mail: info@bweenergy.in
Schematic showing how the Bowman ETC system recovers waste heat energy
1311COSPP_33 33 10/29/13 11:52 AM
Schnell wanted to offer
end users the benefts of
a more effcient genset. In
Germany, the FiTs increase for
all the power generated when
operating above 45 per cent
electrical effciency. The Schnell
265 kW CHP unit is based
on the Scania DC12 engine,
an 11.7 litre displacement,
six in-line cylinders and
1500 rpm machine. In 2009,
Schnell integrated a 30 kW
Bowman ETC system within
the CHP unit. The result was
that the Schnell 265 kW CHP
unit was the frst dual fuel unit
to operate with an electrical
effciency higher than
45 per cent, achieving
48.3 per cent in reference
conditions testing. Almost
500 such systems have so far
been delivered to Schnell by
Bowman Power.
Kalgoorlie Power Systems
(KPS), a subsidiary of
Pacifc Energy, is a leading
provider of power generation
infrastructure to Australias
mining and resources sector.
The business executes a
build, own, operate and
maintain commercial model,
with in excess of 250 MW of
contracted capacity at 23
mine sites across Australia. KPS
tenders to provide solutions to
its resource sector client base.
Critical to competitive tender
success and client retention
is the provision of the lowest
fuel consumption generation
infrastructure available.
In 2007, KPS and Bowman
agreed to jointly develop
an optimised Bowman ETC
system solution for retroft
to the Cummins KTA50 G3
engines used in the KPS power
generation feet.
Upon successful completion
of development and trialing,
which demonstrated a
consistent 7 per cent fuel
consumption reduction,
KPS and Bowman entered
into a long-term, exclusive
agreement to supply TGs in
Australia. To date, KPS has
purchased 70 Bowman ETC
systems and is advancing the
rollout of the technology across
its power generationfeet.
The above information
and examples describe
applications delivered to date.
However, the technology and
its application continue to be
developed by the engineering
and operations teams at
Bowman. In working with the
current and future client base,
a number of opportunities to
improve the integration of the
ETC system with the host genset
have been identifed and
solutions to these challenges
are now being trialed on
prototype installations.
The frst and most important
of these is the ability of the
system to safely shut itself
down, and take itself out of
the loop, in case of a failure
of some kind which will not
impact the operation of the
host genset. Availability up
time is absolutely critical in
the vast majority of stationary
powergen installations and
although the ETC system is
key to overall effciency of the
plant, it is peripheral to the
An example payback diagram for the Bowman ETC system
Indicative economies for each KTA50 engine, US$ 000
Years from installation
@ 4,500 hours pa
& $1.00/litre
@ 8,000 hours pa
& $1.00/litre
@ 8,000 hours pa
& $1.30/litre
System price
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1311COSPP_34 34 10/29/13 11:52 AM
primary function of generating
and exporting power.
Recognising this, Bowman
has worked on the integration
of bypass and regulating
valves, with sophisticated
control algorithms embedded
in the power electronics to
enable the system to be
essentially non-invasive in
functional terms.
Other areas of development
relate, in the main, to
packaging and integration
modularity to suit different
makes and models of host
engine. Many diesel gensets,
for example, are packaged
within ISO containers, and
therefore either a bolt-on
containerised ETC system is
required, or it is necessary to
integrate all the components
directly on or alongside the
engine within the container.
In the case of on-engine
integration, trials are underway
to rationalise the oil and
cooling systems of the genset
and ETC system to optimise the
packaging from a space and
weight perspective, and also
improve the cost effciency of
the system further.
Other applications
Development is also underway
in respect to broadening
the range of application of
the ETC technology beyond
stationary powergen and
into other environments and
opportunities. There are other
industrial processes which
feature high-temperature and
-pressure waste gas streams
which could be harvested
for electrical energy, as
well as gas fow pressure
reducing requirements which
also offer potential energy
recovery opportunities.
Furthermore, powergen in
marine and offshore applica-
tions is frequently operated on
a baseload basis, offering short
payback opportunity when
coupled with the often high fuel
logistics costs.
It is clear that the
reciprocating engine based
genset has a long future
ahead, burning a range of
fuels in order to generate
power against an ever
increasing demand profle.
While highly mature, the
engine technology remains
characterised by relatively
low overall thermal effciency,
and therefore it is imperative
to continue to seek means
to improve this by recovery of
useful energy from the waste
heat and pressure.
Paul Dowman-Tucker is
Director of Engineering at
Bowman Power Group, UK.
www.bowmanpower.com.
www.cospp.com
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Graphic showing the Bowman ETC system in-situ
1311COSPP_35 35 10/29/13 11:52 AM
Project Profle: Eastman Business Park, Rochester, NY, US
M
ore than a year
after President
Obama set a
goal to see
40 GW of new industrial-
scale CHP capacity installed
in the US, we are still waiting
to see some results, i.e. some
major new plants being
commissioned. The August
2012 White House executive
order called for a 50%
increase in US CHP capacity
by 2020 to lower both
energy costs and carbon
emissions, and also increase
the competitiveness and
job-creating capabilities of
US industry. The order was
backed up, not with federal
money, but with assistance
from the Department of
Energy to state energy
offcials (see box on p.38).
However, ICF International,
which maintains a database of
US CHP capacity, has identifed
more than 4 GW of new plants
either under development or
being built, and suggests that
we need to wait around two
years enough time to see a
plant designed, permitted and
built before real growth can
be measured. Suggestions
are that lowered gas prices
are encouraging chemical
and other manufacturing
businesses back into the US;
with California, Texas and
the Northeast as the likeliest
places to see new plants built.
But, for progress to be
made in overall US CHP
capacity, existing CHP plants
need to be kept in business
through whatever economic
conditions are thrown at
them and, where necessary,
updated. One large-scale
example is the CHP-based
utility infrastructure at a huge
business park in Rochester,
New York, now under new
ownership, to be modernised
including conversion from
coal to gas-fred operation.
The deal has been closed
to transition ownership of
the utility infrastructure at
the Eastman Business Park
(EBP) from the Eastman
Kodak Company, once the
plants major customer, to
Illinois-based specialist CHP
developer and operator
Recycled Energy Development
(RED). The park is one of the
largest and most diverse
industrial and technology
complexes in the US, and RED
principals have a 30-year
track record of developing
and operating CHP and
waste-to-energy projects for
industrial companies.
The agreement should
increase energy effciency at
the site, cut carbon emissions,
provide stability for the park
and its tenants, and support
EBPs revitalisation the
economic development in
the area is a top priority of the
state government.
Business parks housing a
variety of industrial companies
provide a unique and
potentially very important
niche for effcient, large-scale
CHP-based energy systems, as
suitable multiple heat loads
are usually present. Further,
heat loads at one company
could be matched to waste
heat streams of another or,
more likely, heat loads can
be amalgamated and served
from one system. A host of
Developer and operator of industrial-scale CHP systems Recycled Energy Development has acquired
the CHP-based utility infrastructure at the Eastman Business Park in Rochester, New York, US, from Kodak.
RED now aims to update the 100-year-old plant, including conversion from coal to gas, while keeping
tenants supplied. Steve Hodgson reports.
Modernising CHP
Upgrading Kodaks giant industrial park plant
Project Profle:
Showing the scale of the project, this aerial view of the Eastman Business Park includes the steam/power plant and
some of the surrounding industrial park
1311COSPP_36 36 10/29/13 11:52 AM
Customer:
Petrochemical plant, Malaysia.
Challenge:
Catastrophic failure of a turbine-driven pump.
Result:
Elliott shipped a replacement turbine
in three weeks to restore production.
C O M P R E S S O R S T U R B I N E S G L O B A L S E R V I C E
EBARA CORPORATION
www.elliott-turbo.com
They turned to Elliott
when there was no time to lose.
The customer turned to Elliott because our resources are global and our response is local.
Who will you turn to?
The world turns to Elliott.
C
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a
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B
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t
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4
0
5
3
1311COSPP_37 37 10/29/13 11:52 AM
other utilities can be supplied
more effciently, and thus
at lower cost, to a group of
businesses too.
Utility systems at EBP
Located outside Rochester,
New York, close to Lake
Ontario, the 500 hectares EBP
contains over 100 buildings,
230,000 m
2
of space and over
80 km of integrated roads and
rail. It was Kodaks primary
manufacturing site for more
than a century and is still
home to Kodak employees,
but the park now houses
around 35 tenants, including
many from the clean energy
sector. One of the newest is a
battery and energy storage
testing and commercialization
centre for global energy
consultant DNV KEMA Energy
& Sustainability. Another,
due to open next year, is a
research and manufacturing
facility for lithium sulphur
battery materials and
battery-cell prototypes.
The parks substantial
energy supply infrastructure
provides up to 125 MW of
electricity, plus steam, chilled
water, compressed air,
industrial water, sewer services,
nitrogen, natural gas and
potable water. It is this that RED
is about to take control of and
upgrade, as part of a wider
deal on the future of the park.
Kodak recently emerged
from bankruptcy, having
failed to adapt suffciently to
the development of digital
photography and having shed
many of the businesses that
made it famous.
RED is acquiring the
comprehensive utilities
infrastructure and over 100 of
the existing employees, and will
continue to supply electricity,
steam, water, refrigeration,
compressed air and nitrogen,
as well as treat wastewater
DOE tackles industrial
energy effciency
Industrial processes from petroleum refneries
and paper mills to chemicals and metals industries
consume about one third of all energy produced
in the US, says the Department of Energy. The DOE
sees great potential in expanding what it calls
traditional technologies like CHP that strengthen
manufacturing competitiveness, lower energy
consumption and reduce harmful emissions.
Last August, President Obama directed
federal agencies to help facilitate investments
in industrial energy effciency, such as CHP
systems, that can save manufacturers as much as
$100 billion in energy costs over the next decade.
The Presidents executive order established a new
national goal of 40 GW of new CHP capacity by
2020 a 50% increase from today. Meeting this
goal would save American manufacturers and
companies $10 billion each year, resulting in
$40 to $80 billion in new capital investment in
plants and facilities that would create American
jobs and reduce emissions equivalent to taking
25 million cars off the road, says the DOE.
The DOE is already helping grow the market for
CHP through its Regional Clean Energy Application
Centers, which provide technical assistance
to US manufacturers, businesses, hospitals and
universities to help them consider the business
case for CHP investments. Since 2009, the centres
have helped numerous organizations understand
how CHP, waste heat to power and district energy
can improve their bottom lines, lower energy bills
and help protect the environment.
The Presidents executive order on industrial
energy effciency also directed federal agencies,
including the DOE, to convene regional workshops
to help overcome barriers to expanded CHP
investment. These workshops focus on developing
and implementing state best practice policies and
investment models that unlock new opportunities
in industrial energy effciency and CHP.
The DOE is also expanding its technical
assistance reach, with $11 million over the next
four years to support several regional Combined
Heat and Power Technical Assistance Partnerships
across the country the next generation Regional
Clean Energy Application Centers. These
organizations will provide fact-based information
on CHP technologies and project fnancing to
commercial and industrial businesses, as well as
state agencies, electricity and gas utilities and
trade associations.
ARE STRAY ELECTRICAL
CURRENTS DESTROYING
YOUR MACHINERY?
1311COSPP_38 38 10/29/13 11:52 AM
for EBP. Tenants and property
owners, inlcuding Kodak, will
continue to enjoy reliable and
economical utility services as
a critical step in the collective
efforts to revitalise the park.
The utility infrastructure
includes a trigeneration system,
based on utility-grade boilers,
to generate power steam at
four different pressure levels,
and refrigeration for comfort
cooling. It currentlycomprises:
125 lW cf eleclricily
generation capacity, all
through back-pressure
steam turbine generators
though current on-site
electrical loads are more like
40 lW lc 80 lW,
c 41 lW Li-cireclicncl
inlerccnnecl lc lhe gric,
40 lcnnes{h slecm
generation capacity via
four coal-fred boilers, with
cn cccilicncl 180 lcnnes{h
capacity from oil-fred
Lcck0p Lcilers,
4,000 lcnnes cf chilling
capacity, virtually all steam
driven using low-pressure
steam from back-pressure
l0rLine generclcrs,
10,000 m
3
{ccy wcler
inlcke{p0rifcclicn fccilily
bringing industrial and
Lciler wcler frcm Lcke Frie,
200,000 m
3
{ccy sewer
treatment facility, processing
power plant water discharge
cnc inc0slricl eff0enl,
1 m
3
{s ccmpressec cir
generclicn ccpccily,
140,000 scfh nilrcgen
generclicn ccpccily,
25 lilres{s 0llrc-high
purity water generation
ccpccily, cnc
crc0nc 140+ km cf 0lilily
distribution infrastructure.
Electricity is generated at
13.8 kV cnc cislriL0lec
throughout the park
on a small grid with
underground redundant
feeds to double-ended load
cenlres{s0Lslclicns fcr lhe
highest reliability and power
quality Double-ended load
centres are designed to
provide full load with either
feeder out of service. Typical
delivery to customers is a
ncmincl 480 V, lhree-phcse
alternating current. EBP also
has back-up interconnections
with the public utility.
Coal-to-gas conversion
RED-Rochester and Kodaks
initial acquisition agreement
was signed in December 2012,
and the parties have been
working since then to fnalise
customer contracts and secure
various operating permits.
RED aims to make signifcant
investments over the next fve
years in a variety of energy
effciency improvements, and
to convert the plant from coal
to naturalgas.
A small part of the steam/chilled water distribution infrastructure at EBP
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1311COSPP_39 39 10/29/13 11:52 AM
In particular, the coal-fred
boilers are subject to federal
Environmental Protection
Agency MACT rules on boiler
emissions compliance, and
must have extensive emission
controls in place by January
2017 to continue operation.
RED plans eventually to
replace the coal boilers with
combined-cycle gas turbines
and reduce CO
2
emissions by
over 700,000 tonnes per year,
while also reducing the cost of
utility services to EBP tenants.
This conversion requires many
steps, including permits,
additional gas supply and
fnancing, and will be a major
focus for the company in the
next few years.
The key to REDs acquisition
is the companys willingness
to look beyond the costs and
hassle of applying MACT rules
to boilers which predate the
1970 Clean Air Act. Lots of
bidders looked at the plant but
most were scared off by the
complexity of the purchase.
says RED president and CEO
Sean Casten. However, the
plant still operates at an
effciency of around 75% so,
by gradually upgrading the
generation plant to a gas and
steam turbines CHP plant, and
keeping most of the existing
energy distribution systems,
we saw a long-term solution to
keeping the park in business.
The plant cannot be
switched to gas immediately,
though, as there is not enough
natural gas available locally.
Installing a new gas main, with
the necessary permissions
and easements, will take
sometime.
Meanwhile, the situation
is complicated further
by regulatory issues over
emissions. Installing back-end
pollution controls on the
existing boilers would be
expensive, says Casten, but
could work. But going down
this route would not only
deliver considerably less
environmental beneft than
conversion to gas-fred CHP,
but would also work against
future conversion. Permitting
for plant changes relies upon
data from the last fve years of
operation and RED needs to
measure improvements from
the current plant arrangement,
rather than one with expensive
new controls installed.
Casten is certain that these
issues will be solved. The park
is a signifcant local employer
and it is in everyones interest
to modernise and clean up
the utility system to keep EBP
in business.
What makes the scheme
so iconic is the long history it
shares with Eastman Kodak,
the sheer size of the park,
and the range of utility
products that it provides
to tenants.
www.cospp.com
THE PROMISE OF ADVANCED ANALYTICS: HOW MIGHT IT
CHANGE POWER GENERATION
WEBCAST
EBP some of the cooling towers associated with one of the chilled
water plants
1311COSPP_40 40 10/29/13 11:52 AM
POWERING
INDIAS GROWTH
INVITATION TO PARTICIPATE
Join experts from the Indian and international power industry for the joint annual POWER-GEN India & Central Asia, Renewable
Energy World India, HydroVision India and DistribuTECH India 2014 conference and exhibition as the event returns to
New Delhi under the theme Powering Indias Growth.
This must attend event for the power industry will feature informative conference presentations and lively panel discussions that
address important and up-to-date conventional, renewable and hydro power issues plus diverse exhibition foor showcasing
the very latest equipment and technologies by leading international companies.
DONT MISS THIS UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY TO BE PART OF INDIAS
EXCITING SURGING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
5-7 MAY 2014
PRAGATI MAIDAN
NEW DELHI, INDIA
POWER-GEN India
& Central Asia
DistribuTECH India
Samantha Malcolm
Conference Manager
T: +44 (0) 1992 656 619
F: +44 (0) 1992 656 700
E: samantham@pennwell.com
Renewable Energy World India
HydroVision India
Amy Nash
Conference Manager
T: +44 (0) 1992 656 621
F: +44 (0) 1992 656 700
E: amyn@pennwell.com
FOR CONFERENCE ENQUIRES:
FOR SPONSORSHIP ENQUIRES:
Event Organizer:
Presented by: Supporting Organization:

www.power-genindia.com www.renewableenergyworldindia.com
www.hydrovisionindia.com www.distributechindia.com
Kelvin Marlow - International
Exhibit Sales Manager
T: +44 (0) 1992 656 610
F: +44 (0) 1992 656 700
E: kelvinm@pennwell.com
Avnish Seth
Project Head - India
T: +91 (124) 4524-508
M: +91 (9810) 707-214
E: avnish-seth@interadsindia.com
Tom Marler
T: +44 (0) 1992 656 608
F: +44 (0) 1992 656 700
E: tomm@pennwell.com
Amanda Kevan
T: +44 (0) 1992 656 645
F: +44 (0)1992 656 700
E: amandak@pennwell.com
POWER-GEN India & Central Asia/DistribuTECH India Renewable Energy World India / HydroVision India
1311COSPP_41 41 10/29/13 11:52 AM
The World Alliance for Decentralized Energy (WADE) was established in 1997 as a non-proft
research and promotion organization whose mission is to accelerate the worldwide development
of high effciency cogeneration (CHP) and decentralized renewable energy systems that deliver
substantial economic and environmental benefts.
Executive Director: David Sweet
1513 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036
Tel. +1 202 7 500 Fcx. +1 202 315 371 weL. www.lccclpcwer.crg
WADE AFRICA LAUNCHED
WADE JOINS AFRICA GAS ASSOCIATION IN ITS INAUGURAL MEETING
With natural gas development
holding tremendous
opportunity for broader
economic and social
development in Africa,
WADE joined the Africa Gas
Association in its inaugural
meeting held from 1315
October in Nairobi, Kenya
to discuss the immense
opportunities for Africa and
the challenges and risks that
lie ahead.
Recent reports by Ernst &
Young have noted that East
Africa has emerged as the
new frontier for natural gas
production, boosted by offshore
discoveries in Mozambique,
Tanzania and Madagascar.
E&Ys Natural Gas in Africa:
The frontiers of the Golden
Age report, released in 2012,
stated that the most dynamic
recent developments in the
African natural gas sector have
been in East Africa, despite
most of the major players
coming from further north.
In the last fve years, energy
frms including Italys ENI and
Anadarko Petroleum from the
US have reported several large-
scale offshore gas discoveries
in northern Mozambiques
Rovuma basin and Mamba
felds.
David Sweet, WADE executive
director, chaired the panel
How Decentralized Energy
Can Deliver Cleaner, Cheaper
and More Effcient Energy in
Africa. The panel discussions
focused on assessing countries
such as Nigeria as case
studies to see the measures
that were adopted to resolve
power issues. Sweet went on
to discuss how natural gas
can be a game-changer in
the African power scenario. He
also chaired the session Next
Generation of Energy Effciency:
Driving Productivity through
Investment, Modernization and
Education, which brought
together thought leaders from
government and industry to
discuss a blueprint for the next
generation of energy effciency
and the tools investment,
modernisation and education
needed to drive signifcant
increases in productivity.
WADE JOINS HIGH HORSEPOWER SUMMIT IN THE WINDY CITY
With natural gas revolutionizing
North Americas off-road
transportation sector, the High
Horsepower (HHP) summit
held in Chicago, US (known
cs lhe Wincy Cily) frcm 17-1
September provided the
attendees with an excellent
opportunity to learn about
the fueling, engine and
technology synergies that
exist between marine, mining,
rail, and E&P operations.
WADE was represented by
chair Steve Zilonis at the
event.
1311COSPP_42 42 10/29/13 11:52 AM
WADE CHAIRS GLOBAL GAS OPPORTUNITIES SUMMIT IN ISTANBUL, TURKEY
David Sweet, WADE executive
director, chaired the two-day
summit supported by the
Turkish Ministry of Energy
and Natural Resources, held
from 13 October, which
scw pcrlicipclicn cf Fcrl0ne
500 companies, non-proft
organizations, ministries and
academics. According to Oil
and Gas Journal, as of January
2013 Turkeys oil reserves stand
at 270 million barrels and
natural gas reserves at 6 billion
cubic metres. With projects
like Trans Anatolian Natural
Gas Pipeline Project (TANAP)
that will act as a passage
between the Caspian Sea
and the Adriatic, Turkey formed
a strategic location for this
s0mmil. Fcllcwing his cpening
remarks, Sweet went on to chair
the regulatory panel discussion
Developments in the gas
industry worldwide.
US HOUSE NATURAL GAS CAUCUS
CO-CHAIRS PROVIDE LEGISLATIVE
OUTLOOK OVER LUNCH
The Business Council for
Sustainable Energy (BCSE),
along with key natural gas
and energy industry trade
associations, hosted a US
Congressional briefng focused
on market trends and policy
drivers for natural gas sectors.
David Sweet, who also serves
as president of the Natural
Gas Roundtable, organized
and chaired the briefng
which featured an overview
presentation by Bloomberg
New Fnergy Fincnce (BNFF)
with excerpts from the BCSE-
BNFF Sustainable Energy in
America Factbook, followed
by a moderated industry
panel with senior executives
from a range of natural gas
industry organizations. This
was followed by a panel of
leading natural gas trade
associations on market
dynamics and policy priorities.
Sweet then chaired a lunch
that featured remarks by the
co-chairs of the House Natural
Gas Caucus, Congressman
Tom Reed, Congressman Gene
Green, Congressman Glenn
Thompson, and Congressman
Jim Costa.
WADE PARTICIPATES IN THE
INTERNATIONAL LAUNCH OF THE
NEW IEA GAS AND OIL TECHNOLOGY
NETWORK INITIATIVE
The International Energy
Agency launched its new Gas
and Oil Technologies (GOT)
initiative to governments,
international stakeholders
and press at the GE building
at Rockefeller Center in
New York City, US during
the United Nations General
Assembly. The initiation of the
GOT network addresses a
growing call for collaboration
internationally to pursue
opportunities and experience
transfer on, among other
things, the revolution within
unconventional gas and oil in
the US.
Within the framework of
the GOT initiative, the IEA
is set to work actively with
governments, industry leaders
and academia on the
advancement of technology,
regulatory drivers and
capacities to accelerate the
development of a sustainable,
abundant, affordable and
secure supply of energy for
the world. WADE supports
the mission and David Sweet
addressed the audience over
lunch.
The luncheon meeting
provided a topical context
for the GOT initiative with
presentations from key
stakeholders among
government and industry. IEAs
new publication Resources to
Reserves: Oil, Gas and Coal
Technologies of the Energy
Market of the Future by Didier
Houssin, director of energy
policy and technology at the
International Energy Agency,
was released at the event.
See more news on
www.localpower.org
WADE Africa will be holding a meeting in Cape Town on
1 lcrch in ccn|0nclicn wilh PCWFP-GFN Africc lc ccvcnce
the dialogue on clean power for the continent with a
focus on the sub-Saharan region. The meeting will include
presentations from government and industry leaders as well
as tours of decentralized power facilities. If you are interested
in speaking, sponsoring, supporting or attending this meeting
please contact us at info@localpower.org.
WADE ADDRESSES ENGINEERING SEMINAR FOR ABSORPTION CHILLERS
AND COMBINED COOLING, HEATING AND POWER
Invited by NSTAR, WADE chair
Steve Zilonis participated
in an engineering seminar
on absorption chillers and
combined cooling, heating
and power. Speaking at
the event, Zilonis addressed
the need for resiliency for
combined cooling, heating
and power on the grid as well
as best practices for adopting
combined cooling and heating
correctly. He also provided an
overview of the northeastern US
market for combined heat and
power. Discussions focused
on making combined cooling
and heating more resilient
during grid outages, as in the
case of Hurricane Sandy.
1311COSPP_43 43 10/29/13 11:52 AM
COMBINED HEAT AND POWER AND WASTE HEAT TO POWER CONFERENCE
IDENTIFIES MARKET POTENTIAL AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES
The Texas Combined Heat
and Power Initiative (TXCHPI),
Heat is Power Association (HiP)
and WADE recently joined
forces to convene CHP2013
and WHP2013 held on
7- CclcLer in Hc0slcn, Texcs,
US. The conference attracted
business and energy leaders,
engineering consultants,
project developers, policy
specialists and end users.
The presentations addressed
market enablers and
fnancing, innovations and
emerging technologies, state
and federal policy changes
and the growing demand
for the energy security and
resiliency offered by CHP and
WHP systems in the industrial,
commercial and institutional
sectors.
CHP systems reduce fuel
costs by taking full advantage
of waste heat recovery to
signifcantly increase energy
effciency. On-site generation
with CHP provides energy
security during times of grid
strain and extreme weather
conditions. WHP systems
enhance industrial effciency
by capturing waste heat
from industrial processes,
converting it to power, and
returning the energy back
into the process or exporting
it for others to use. WHP
systems, which require no
combustion and produce
no emissions, improve overall
industrial energy effciency
and competitiveness and are
considered renewable energy
systems in over 15 US states.
As reported at the
conference, there are over
4400 MW of CHP currently
being developed or under
construction, and there is
technical potential for many
more. The potential for WHP
projects is equally impressive,
with more than 11,000 MW
available at industrial sites
as well as gas compressor
stations, landflls and locations
where gas faring is occurring.
Paul Cauduro, TXCHPI
executive director, said,
Clearly combined heat
and power and waste heat
to power technologies are
a signifcant part of the all
the above energy strategy.
They are a viable and reliable
on-site clean energy option
that can be implemented in
a wide variety of applications.
The existing projects, and the
projects under development,
are proof that these systems
are an integral part of a robust
energy infrastructure.
WADE NEW MEMBER PROFILE ENER-G RUDOX
Rudox Engine and Equipment
Company has been a leader
in pcwer generclicn since 14
with over 60 years experience
in design, engineering,
manufacturing and servicing
of generator sets and CHP units
across the US, with a primary
focus on the northeast. Rudox
is also often associated as a
distributor with companies
like Mitsubishi. Rudoxs
headquarters are in Carlstadt,
New Jersey, which is key to
providing 24/7/365 emergency
services and support for the
region.
ENER-G Group, a European
market leader in cogenera-
tion, is headquartered in the
UK and has operations in 17
countries. ENER-G has over 25
years of knowledge specifc
to the cogeneration and
trigeneration space, and is
continuing to expand its pres-
ence with other cleantech
solutions and technologies.
ENER-G provides businesses
across the globe with a wide
range of energy services and
sustainable technologies to
help them generate, buy and
manage their energy.
As of 2013, ENER-G Rudox
Inc is now the combined
entity of both Rudox Engine
& Equipment Company
and ENER-G Group, with 85+
years of market leadership
in cogeneration and 1700+
cogeneration systems running
worldwide.
ENER-G Rudox will continue
to design, operate and fnance
energy effcient and renewable
solutions on a business-to-
business basis globally, with a
unique turnkey and vertically
integrated approach that few
(if any) companies are able
to offer.
The company has
realized signifcant growth
in the US cogeneration and
trigeneration market, and
is well positioned to meet
customers needs across all
industries.
1311COSPP_44 44 10/29/13 1:28 PM
INVITATION TO EXHIBIT
BOOK YOUR SPACE TODAY!
Renewable Energy World Europe, together with POWER-GEN Europe offers unrivalled networking opportunities connecting the utility-scale
renewables and general power industry. The busy exhibition foor is populated by major players in the renewable sector, alongside a high-level
conference featuring strategic and technical presentations by leading experts in the renewable power energy feld. Industry professionals
value the opportunity to come together each year at the annual Renewable Energy World Europe and POWER-GEN Europe conference and
exhibition. No other conference and exhibition brings together these now essential partners in the harmonization of Europes energy future.
Make sure you dont miss out.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION PLEASE VISIT: WWW.RENEWABLEENERGYWORLD-EUROPE.COM
For information on exhibiting and sponsorship opportunities, please visit www.renewableenergyworld-europe.com and select the exhibit
tab or contact:
NAVIGATING THE POWER TRANSITION
Owned and Produced by: Presented by: Supported by: Co-located with:
3 5 JUNE 2014 I KOELNMESSE I COLOGNE I GERMANY
WWW.RENEWABLEENERGYWORLD-EUROPE.COM
INTERNATIONAL:
Tom Marler
T: +44 (0) 1992 656 608
E: exhibitree@pennwell.comInternational:
INTERNATIONAL:
Amanda Kevan
T: +44 (0) 1992 656 645
E: exhibitree@pennwell.com
LATIN AMERICA, SPAIN & PORTUGAL:
Juan Gimenez
T: +54 11 4787 3817
E: exhibitree@pennwell.com
1311COSPP_45 45 10/29/13 11:52 AM
OWNED AND PRODUCED BY: PRESENTED BY: SUPPORTED BY:
The Advisory Committee of Renewable Energy World Asia, the regions premier
renewable energy industry conference is now accepting paper abstracts for the
2014 conference.
Attracting 7,000 delegates and attendees from over 60 countries from across South
East Asia and around the world, POWER-GEN Asia and Renewable Energy World
Asia is the leading industry event to meet and network with senior executive and
industry leaders.
You are invited to submit an abstract for Renewable Energy World Asia 2014 and
share your knowledge, experience and ideas with technical and strategic decision-
makers and strategists.
This leading conference is a great opportunity to network with leading organizations
and h|gh |eve| |nfuencers and for you to represent your company at th|s most
prestigious event for the power generation industry.

ABSTRACT SUBMISSION DEADLINE: 6 DECEMBER 2013
PLEASE VISIT WWW.RENEWABLEENERGYWORLD-ASIA.COM FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
Renewable Energy World Asia
Sophia Perry
Conference Coordinator
T: +44 (0) 1992 656 641
F: +44 (0)1992 656 700
E: papersrewa@pennwell.com
Tom Marler
T: +44 (0) 1992 656 608
C: +44 (0) 7944 305748
F: +44 (0) 1992 656 700
E: exhibitrewa@pennwell.com
www.renewableenergyworld-asia.com
10-12 SEPTEMBER 2014
KLCC, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA
CONNECTING
ASIAS POWER
PROFESSIONALS
FOR EXHIBITION AND SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES CONTACT: FOR INFORMATION ABOUT PARTICIPATING AT THE CONFERENCE CONTACT:
CALL FOR PAPERS
ABSTRACT DEADLINE: 6 DECEMBER 2013
1311COSPP_46 46 10/29/13 11:52 AM
Send details of your event to Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production:
Diary of events
Diary
2014
World Biomass Power
Markets
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
35 February 2014
Nick Cressey, Southbank House,
Black Prince Road, Vauxhall,
London, SE1 7SJ, UK
Tel: +44 020 7099 0600
e-mail: biomass@
greenpowerconferences.com
web: www.greenpowerconferences.
com
27th Annual Campus Energy
Conference & Distribution
Workshop
Atlanta, GA, US
17-21 February 2014
International District Energy
Association (IDEA), 24 Lyman Street,
Suite 230, Westborough,
MA 01581, US
Tel: +1 508 366 9339
Fax: +1 508 366 0019
e-mail: idea@districtenergy.org
web: www.districtenergy.org
Russia Power
Moscow, Russian Federation
46 March 2014
Crispin Coulson,
PennWell International,
The Water Tower, Gunpower Mills,
Powdermill Lane, Waltham Abbey,
Essex EN9 1BN, UK
Tel: +44 1992 656 646
Fax: +44 1992 656 700
e-mail: crispinc@pennwell.com
web: www.russia-power.org
South-East European
Exhibition & Forum on Energy
Effciency and Renewable
Energy
Sofa, Bulgaria
57 March 2014
Zdravka Kazanlieva, Via Expo, 22,
Pobeda Str., Fl. 1, Plovdiv 4003,
Bulgaria,
Tel: +359 32 960011
e-mail: speakers@viaexpo.com
web: via-expo.com/pages/ee-re-
exhibition
The Solar Show Africa
Johannesberg, South Africa
1011 March 2014
Terrapinn Ltd, First Floor, Modular
Place, Turnberry Offce Park,
48 Grosvenor Road,
Bryanston 2021, South Africa
Tel: +27 11 516 4015
e-mail: za@terrapinn.com
web: www.terrapinn.com
POWER-GEN Africa
Cape Town, South Africa
1719 March 2014
Lee Catania,
Essex EN9 1BN, UK
Tel: +44 1992 656 647
Fax: +44 1992 656 700
e-mail: leec@pennwell.com
web: www.powergenafrica.com
Intersolar China
Beijing, China
26-28 March 2014
Claudia Pang
Solar Promotion International
GmbH
Tel: +49 7231 58598 218
Fax: +49 7231 58598-28
e-mail: yuliang@ciec.com.cn
web: www.intersolarchina.com/
COGEN Europe Annual
Conference & Dinner
Brussels, Belgium
34 April 2014
Andrew Williams, COGEN Europe,
Avenue des Arts 3-4-5
1210 Brussels, Belgium
Tel: +32 2 772 82 90
Faz: +32 2 772 50 44
e-mail: andrew.williams@
cogeneurope.eu
web: www.cogeneurope.eu
Power & Electricity World
Asia
Singapore
2225 April 2014
Terrapinn Pte Ltd, 1 Harbourfront
Place, #18-01/06 Harbourfront
Tower 1, Singapore, 098633
Tel: +65 6222 8550
Fax: +65 6226 3264
e-mail: enquiry.sg@terrapinn.com
web: www.terrapinn.com
Euroheat & Power Annual
Conference & 60th
Anniversary
Brussels, Belgium
2829 April 2014
Euroheat & Power, Cours Saint
Michel 30E, 1040 Brussels, Belgium
Tel: +32 2 740 21 10
e-mail: offce@euroheat.org
web: www.euroheat.org
POWER-GEN India &
Central Asia
New Delhi, India
57 May 2014
Sue McDermott,
Essex EN9 1BN, UK
Tel: +44 1992 656 6326
Fax: +44 1992 656 700
e-mail: suemc@pennwell.com
web: www.power-genindia.com
Renewable Energy World
India
New Delhi, India
57 May 2014
Sue McDermott,
Essex EN9 1BN, UK
Tel: +44 1992 656 6326
Fax: +44 1992 656 700
e-mail: suemc@pennwell.com
web: www.renewableenergyworld
india.com
COGENCanada Seminar and
Conference
68 May 2014
Edmonton, AB, Canada
Gordon Robb,1855 Beattie Ave
Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 5R7
Tel: +1 613 731 6783
Fax: +1 613 523 7249
e-mail: gordona.robb@gmail.com
web: www.cogencanada.org/
seminars.htm
POWER-GEN Europe
Cologne, Germany
35 June 2014
Crispin Coulson,
Essex EN9 1BN, UK
Tel: +44 1992 656 646
Fax: +44 1992 656 700
web: www.powergeneurope.com
1311COSPP_47 47 10/29/13 11:53 AM
Send details of your event to Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production:
Diary
Renewable Energy World
Europe
Cologne, Germany
35 June 2014
Lee Catania,
Essex EN9 1BN, UK
Tel: +44 1992 656 647
Fax: +44 1992 656 700
web: www.renewableenergyworld-
europe.com
World Bioenergy
35 June 2014
Jnkping, Sweden
Gustav Melin,Box 6066,
SE-550 06 Jnkping, Sweden
Tel: +46 8 441 70 81
Fax: +46 36 16 46 92
e-mail: worldbioenergy@svebio.se
web: www.elmia.se/en/
worldbioenergy
IDEAs 105th Annual
Conference & Trade Show
Miami, FL, US
811 June 2014
IDEA, 24 Lyman Street, Suite 230,
Westborough, MA 01581, US
Tel: +1 508 366 9339
Fax: +1 508 366 0019
e-mail: idea@districtenergy.org
web: www.districtenergy.org
The Small Wind Conference
Stevens Point, Wisconsin, US
1718 June 2014
Samantha Smart Merritt
Tel: +1 612 655 5363
e-mail: info@smallwindconference.
com
web: http://smallwindconference.
com/
PV America East
Boston, MA, US
2325 June 2014
Ebonee Chalmers,
Solar Energy Industries Association
505 9th Street, N.W., Suite 800,
Washington, DC 20004, US
Tel: +1 202 556 2879
e-mail: echalmers@seia.org
web: www.seia.org/events/pv-
america-east-2014
POWER-GEN Asia
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
1012 September 2014
Lee Catania,
The Water Tower, Gunpowder Mills,
Essex EN9 1BN, UK
Tel: +44 1992 656 647
Fax: +44 1992 656 700
asia.com
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
1012 September 2014
Lee Catania,
The Water Tower, Gunpowder Mills,
Essex EN9 1BN, UK
Tel: +44 1992 656 647
Fax: +44 1992 656 700
asia.com
POWER-GEN Middle East
Abu Dhabi, UAE
1921 October 2014
Crispin Coulson,
Essex EN9 1BN, UK
Tel: +44 1992 656 646
Fax: +44 1992 656 700
web: www.power-gen-middleeast.
com
2G CENERGY POWER SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 29
ABB TURBO SYSTEMS, LTD. 13
APROVIS ENERGY SYSTEMS GMBH 28
BOWMAN POWER GROUP, LTD. IFC
CATERPILLAR INC. 11
COMAP AS 17, 35
CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY 23
ELLIOTT GROUP 37
ENERCON ENGINEERING, INC. 19
HILLIARD CORPORATION 31
LESLIE CONTROLS, INC BC
MAN DIESEL SE 7
MTU ONSITE ENERGY 9
OPRA TURBINE B.V. 5
PHG ENERGY 25
POWER ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL 40
POWER-GEN AFRICA CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION IBC
POWER-GEN BRASIL CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION 27
POWER-GEN INDIA & CENTRAL ASIA CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION 41
PROTO MANUFACTURING LTD. 34
RENEWABLE ENERGY WORLD ASIA CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION 46
RENEWABLE ENERGY WORLD EUROPE CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION 45
ROLLS-ROYCE MARINE AS ENGINES 1
SEL 15
SOHRE TURBOMACHINERY, INC. 38
STF SPA 33
TEDOM 29
UNIVERSAL ACOUSTIC & EMMISSION TECHNOLOGIES 39
YOUNG & FRANKLIN 21
Advertisers index
COSPP Webcard
1311COSPP_48 48 10/29/13 11:53 AM
INVITATION TO ATTEND
REGISTER NOW AND SAVE WITH THE EARLY BIRD
POWER-GEN Africa, co-located with DistribuTECH Africa, will once again
provide comprehensive coverage of the power needs, resources, and issues
facing the electricity generation industries across sub-Saharan Africa.
A three day event, POWER-GEN Africa serves the industrys information
and networking needs with a dedicated trade show foor featuring the
prime movers in the conventional power and renewable energy industries.
Additionally, a multi-track conference covering strategic, technical and
renewable topics will feature commercial and practical solutions and
experiences, for power industry businesses.
POWER-GEN Africa has quickly established itself as sub-Saharan Africas
premier and leading event dedicated to the power generation industry,
focusing on the current and future trends, as well as the needs and resources
within this region of the world. Nowhere else provides you with the
opportunity to reach and meet over 2,000 high-level industry professionals
in one place, allowing networking, business and sales opportunities with key
industry buyers and infuencers from around the continent.
MAKE SURE YOU DO NOT MISS OUT ON AFRICAS PREMIER POWER
EVENT. SAVE OVER 10% WITH OUR EARLY BIRD OFFER BY REGISTERING
BEFORE 18 FEBRUARY 2014
SOLUTIONS FOR AFRICAS
ENERGY FUTURE
Conference & Exhibition
1719 March 2014
Cape Town International Convention Centre
Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
www.powergenafrica.com
Owned and Produced by: Host Utility:
Presented by: Supported by:

Leon Stone
Exhibition Sales
International
Phone: +44 (0) 1992 656 671
Email: leons@pennwell.com
Andrew Evans
Exhibition Sales
Africa
Phone: +27 (0) 21 930 9515
Email: andrewe@pennwell.com
Tom Marler
Exhibition Sales - Renewable/Hydro
International
Phone: +44 (0) 1992 656 608
Email: tomm@pennwell.com
For exhibition and sponsorship
opportunities contact:
Co-located with:
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION AND TO REGISTER PLEASE VISIT: WWW.POWERGENAFRICA.COM
1311COSPP_C3 3 10/29/13 11:49 AM
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1311COSPP_C4 4 10/29/13 11:49 AM

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