1. A patient was diagnosed with bleeding ulcer of the lesser curvature of the stomach.

Which artery is most likely involved? Gastroduodenal Left gastric Left gastro-omental (epiploic) Right gastro-omental (epiploic) Short gastrics 2. Which is a derivative of the dorsal mesogastrium? Falciform ligament Hepatoduodenal ligament Hepatogastric ligament Greater omentum Lesser omentum 3. The spleen: Develops in the dorsal mesogastrium Develops in the ventral mesogastrium Develops in both the dorsal and ventral mesogastria Is always retroperitoneal Becomes retroperitoneal during its development 4. During a full workup on a 2-month-old infant with a history of intermittent gastrointestinal pain and vomiting, physicians discovered that the cause was lack of emptying of the stomach. They immediately suspected that the cause was a spasmodic contraction of which of the following parts of the stomach? cardiac notch fundus lesser curvature pylorus rugae 5. In order to do a vagotomy (section of vagal nerve trunks) to reduce the secretion of acid by cells of the stomach mucosa in patients with peptic ulcers, one needs to cut the gastric branches and retain vagal innervation to other abdominal organs. Where would a surgeon look for these branches in relation to the

stomach? along the gastroepiploic vessels along the greater curvature along the lesser curvature in the base of the omental apron in the gastrocolic ligament 6. While performing a splenectomy (removal of the spleen) following an automobile accident, the surgeons were especially attentive to locate and preserve the tail of the pancreas which is closely associated with the spleen. This they found in the: gastrocolic ligament gastrosplenic ligament phrenicocolic ligament splenorenal ligament transverse mesocolon 7. Which of the following structures does not lie at least partially in the retroperitoneum? adrenal gland duodenum kidney pancreas spleen 8. Which ligament is a derivative of the dorsal mesogastrium? Coronary Falciform Hepatoduodenal Hepatogastric Gastrocolic 9. A 60-year-old male executive who had a history of a chronic duodenal ulcer was admitted to the ER exhibiting signs of a severe internal hemorrhage. He was quickly diagnosed with perforation of the posterior wall of the first part of the duodenum and erosion of an artery behind it by the gastric expellent. The artery is most likely the:

Common hepatic Gastroduodenal Left gastric Proper hepatic Superior mesenteric 10. A twenty-year-old woman was broad-sided on the driver side by an SUV and was taken to the hospital emergency room. Examination showed low blood pressure and tenderness on the left mid-axillary line. Also, a large swelling was felt protruding downward and medially below the left costal margin. X-rays revealed that her 9th and 10th ribs were fractured near their angles on the left side. The abdominal organ most likely to be injured by the fracture is: Descending colon Left kidney Pancreas Spleen Stomach 11. You are observing an operation to remove the left suprarenal gland. To expose the gland the surgeon mobilizes the descending colon by cutting along its lateral attachment to the body wall and dissecting medialward in the fusion fascia behind it. Suddenly the operative field is filled with blood. The surgeon realizes he has failed to cut a mesenteric attachment between the left colic flexure and another organ. As a result of the traction, the surface of the organ tore. Which organ was injured? Duodenum Kidney Liver Spleen Suprarenal gland 12. A patient presented with a swollen spleen, which protruded medially toward the umbilicus in the abdomen. A vertical and downward expansion of the spleen was resisted by the: Tail of the pancreas Left colic flexure Left kidney

Left renal artery Stomach 13. During emergency surgery, it was found that a chronic gastric ulcer had perforated the posterior wall of the stomach and eroded a large artery running immediately posterior to the stomach. The artery is the: Gastroduodenal Common hepatic Left gastroepiploic Splenic Superior mesenteric 14. The spleen contacts all of the following organs EXCEPT: Jejunum Kidney Left colic flexure Tail of the pancreas Stomach 15. Which is not a boundary of the epiploic (omental) foramen? Aorta Caudate lobe of the liver First part of the duodenum Hepatoduodenal ligament 16. In order to approach the area posterior to the stomach, a surgeon decided to go through the lesser omentum. Before incising the mesentery she was careful to find and preserve a nerve lying in the upper portion of the hepatogastric ligament, i.e., the Celiac branch of the anterior vagal trunk Celiac branch of the posterior vagal trunk Greater splanchnic branch to the right suprarenal gland Hepatic branch of the anterior vagal trunk Hepatic branch of the posterior vagal trunk 17. Which of the following is NOT in contact with the spleen? Colon

Diaphragm Duodenum Pancreas Stomach 18. The fundus of the stomach receives its arterial supply from the: Common hepatic Inferior phrenic Left gastroepiploic Right gastric Splenic 19. During an emergency splenectomy, the surgeon accidentally tore the gastrosplenic ligament and its contents. The artery (ies) likely to be damaged in this event is (are) the: Left gastric Splenic Short gastric Middle colic Caudal pancreatic 20. While performing emergency surgery to control hemorrhage brought on by arterial erosion caused by a duodenal ulcer, surgeons ligated the badly damaged gastroduodenal artery near its origin, which affected all of its branches as well. Assuming "average anatomy", in which of the following arteries would blood now flow in retrograde fashion (backwards) from collateral sources? Left hepatic Right gastroepiploic Short gastric Left gastric Omental branches