Pumps 1) What are the different types of pumps Pumps are classified as centrifugal pumps and positive displacement

pumps Centrifugal pumps a) End suction pumps b) In line pumps c) Double suction pumps d) Vertical multi stage pumps e) Hori ontal multi stage pumps f) !ubmersible pumps g) !elf priming pumps h) "#ial flo$ pumps i) %egenerative pumps Positive displacement pumps a) %eciprocating pumps b) Po$er pumps c) !team pumps d) %otary pumps &) What are different industry standards for pumps a) Hydraulic institute standards 'HI standards) b) "(!I pump ) "!*E + ,-.1 spec 'chemical pumps) c) "PI pumps ) "PI /10 spec 'for oil 1 gas industry) d) DI( pump e) I!2 pump f) (uclear pumps ) "!*E spec -) What are the different types of shaft positions in pump a) Hori ontal ) Pump $ith shaft in hori ontal plane b) Vertical ) Pump $ith shaft in vertical plane 3) What are the different orientation of case split a) Hori ontal split case ) Pump case is split hori ontally into t$o pieces4 the upper case and lo$er case. 5his type of pump is usually limited to the temperature of &-&0C due to uneven thermal e#pansion from shaft centre line. 5hese types of pumps are 6no$n as "#ial split case pumps. b) Vertical split case ) Pump case is split vertically and split parts are 6no$n as case and cover. 5hese pumps are used for high temperature application due to even thermal e#pansion of the shaft. 5his type of pumps are also 6no$n as %adial split case pumps 7) Which types of pumps are used for higher temperature application %efer above

/) What are the different types of pumps used for HV"C applications a) Close8coupled single stage end8suction pumps ) Pump is having single hori ontal inlet and vertical discharge. " solid concrete pad is re9uired for mounting b) :rame mounted end8suction pump on base plate ) *otor is fle#ible coupled to the pump shaft. :or hori ontal mounting4 the piping is hori ontal on the suction side and vertical on the discharge side. 5he fle#ible coupled pump is less e#pensive than the close coupled pumps. c) Double suction split case pump ) 5he $ater is introduced on each side of the impeller and the pump is fle#ible connected to the motor. Pumps can be split hori ontally ; vertically. Pump ta6es more floor space than end8 suction pumps and are e#pensive d) Vertical in line pumps ) It is close coupled pumps $hich motor mounted on the pump casing Close8coupled end8suction pumps or in line circulating pumps for flo$ upto 70 gpm +ase mounted end8suction pumps for flo$ rate in bet$een 708700 gpm Hori ontal split case double suction pumps for applications $ith flo$ rate e#ceeding 700 gpm ,) Describe pump characteristic curves !ystem curve

!hut8off head Pump curve 2perating point Head

%un8out point

:lo$

!hut8off head< 5his point represents a condition $here the pump is running but no flo$ is passing through it. 5his could occur if valve in the piping loop $ere completely closed. 5he pump $ill be noisy and vibrate e#cessive at this point 2perating point< 5his is the point at $hich trade off bet$een head energy and flo$ rate %un out point '*a#imum flo$ point) < 5his is the point at $hich pump produces ma#imum flo$ rate $ith ero head. (o real piping system $ill allo$ a pump to operate at the run out point of pump curve (ote< Pump curve is furnished by the pump manufacturer !ystem curve< 5he head loss varies as s9uare of flo$ rate is represented as system curve. +eing s9uare relation4 the shape of curve is parabolic H = > v& H= > '?;") & H= > '?) & @) "ffinity la$s ?1 n1 D1A B 8888888?& n& D& H1 n1& D1& A B 8888888 H& n& & D&& P1 n1- D17 A B 8888888 P& n& - D&7 P is the +ra6e Horse Po$er n is the speed D is the impeller dia H is the total head C) What are the different types of flo$ controls in HV"C systems a) Valve control< " throttle valves cho6es the fluid flo$ so that less fluid can move through the valve4 creating a pressure drop across it. Increasing the upstream bac6 pressure reduces the pump flo$4 but ma6es the pumping system less efficient. Date valves and ball valves are not suitable for flo$ control. Dlobe4 butterfly and needle types valves are used for flo$ control

b)

Pump speed adEustments 'by V:D) < "s system demand changes4 the V:D adEusts the pump speed to meet the demand P1 n1A B 8888888 P& n& ?1 n1 A B 8888888 ?& n&

P1 ? 1A B 8888888 P& ?&In case of half flo$ rate4 ?& B ?1;& P& B P1;@ !avings in +HP $ith using V:D B P1 ) P& B @,.7F V:D provides a soft8start capability. During start8up most motors e#perience in rush currents that are 7 to / times higher than normal operating currents. 5his high current fades $hen the motor achieves normal speed. V:D allo$s the motor to start up $ith a lo$er current. 5his reduces $ear on the motor and its controllers V:D is not applicable for the systems $hich operates high static head 'for cooling to$er applications). In HV"C chilled $ater applications4 the static head is ero 'being a closed system)4 there for V:D is ideal for chilled $ater application. V:Ds are operating by converting "C current to DC4 then inverting and regulating this signal into "C po$er that is sent to the motor. 5hese harmonics can cause motor $indings to operate at higher temperatures4 $ill leads to $ear in insulation. " classification motor 6no$n as inverter duty has been developed to better match V:Ds $ith motors c) With multiple pump arrangements< *ultiple pumps of same si es in parallel connections are suitable for the flo$ control applications. If pumps $ere different si es4 the larger pumps $ill dominate more flo$