Battikha-3rd.

book Page iii Thursday, August 24, 2006 1:20 PM

The Condensed
Handbook
of Measurement and Control
3rd Edition

N. E. Battikha
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ISA wishes to acknowledge the cooperation of those manufacturers, suppliers, and publishers who granted permission to
reproduce material herein. The Society regrets any omission of credit that may have occurred and will make such
corrections in future editions.

Notice
The information presented in this publication is for the general education of the reader. Because neither the author nor
the publisher has any control over the use of the information by the reader, both the author and the publisher disclaim any
and all liability of any kind arising out of such use. The reader is expected to exercise sound professional judgment in using
any of the information presented in a particular application.
Additionally, neither the author nor the publisher have investigated or considered the effect of any patents on the
ability of the reader to use any of the information in a particular application. The reader is responsible for reviewing any
possible patents that may affect any particular use of the information presented.
Any references to commercial products in the work are cited as examples only. Neither the author nor the publisher
endorses any referenced commercial product. Any trademarks or tradenames referenced belong to the respective owner of
the mark or name. Neither the author nor the publisher makes any representation regarding the availability of any referenced
commercial product at any time. The manufacturer's instructions on use of any commercial product must be followed at all
times, even if in conflict with the information in this publication.

Copyright © 2007 ISA–The Instrumentation, Systems and Automation Society

67 Alexander Drive
P.O. Box 12277
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709

All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America.

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
ISBN-13: 978-1-55617-995-2
ISBN-10: 1-55617-995-2

No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Battikha, N. E.
> The condensed handbook of measurement and control / N. E. Battikha.--
> 3rd ed.
> p. cm.
> Includes bibliographical references and index.
> ISBN 1-55617-995-2 (Pbk.)
> 1. Process control--Instruments. 2. Measuring instruments. I. Title.
>
> TS156.8.B377 2007
> 629.8--dc22
> 2007024125
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Dedication
This book is dedicated to the pioneers of measurement and control. This technology took its first
steps along the Nile Valley about 2600 B.C., when Egyptian engineers began using precise yet sim-
ple measuring devices to level the foundation for building the Great Pyramid and employing weirs
to measure and distribute irrigation water across the fertile delta. Much more recently, hundreds of
dedicated people tinkering in their home and labs, working late at night, and overcoming failures
and frustrations, created the powerful computer technology we now rely on.

Without these pioneers, whose first tentative steps thousands of years ago have accelerated into
today’s full-speed sprint toward on-going advances, the world of measurement and control would
not exist and this book would never have been written. And instead of being an I&C engineer, I
would have devoted the past three decades to a profession far less interesting and rewarding.
N.B.
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About the Author

Nabil (Bill) E. Battikha, P.Eng., has a B.Sc. in mechanical engineering with about 30 years of experi-
ence in process measurement and control. He is the president of BergoTech Inc., a firm specializing in
process instrumentation and control engineering. Over the course of his career, he has worked for sup-
pliers of control equipment, consultants, and end users and developed experience mainly in engineering,
management, and training. He has published two other books with ISA: The Management of Control
Systems (1992) and Developing Guidelines for Instrumentation & Control (1994). He has also written
numerous technical articles, co-authored a patent and a commercial software package, and teaches part-
time at universities across North America.