550 MW Combined-Cycle Natural Gas Power

Annex B
Heat Balance for Brayton Cycle

Figure B.1: Ideal Open Cycle Gas Turbine

Figure B.2: Ideal T-S diagram (Brayton Cycle)

B.1 Process 1-2 (Isentropic Combustion) Temperature and pressure used for gas turbine is at atmospheric condition.

( ) Where: T1 atmospheric temperature, 31.8C (http://www.myforecast.com); P2/P1 pressure ratio, 17 (Annex C); and P1 atmospheric pressure, 101.1 kPa (www.wunderground.com)

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Computation for Pressure at state 2

B.2 Consider process 3-4 (Isentropic expansion) Use the typical exhaust temperature 1100F (593C)

(poweronsite.org).

( )

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550 MW Combined-Cycle Natural Gas Power

B.3 Actual Work of Turbine per mass The work of turbine is an isentropic process and computed given by the formula:

Where: Wt - Ideal work of turbine = mfg(h3-h4); Wt Actual work of turbine (KJ/Kg); and Turbine efficiency the ideal range is 85-90%
(http://web.me.unr.edu),

use 88 % efficiency.

B.4 Actual work of Compressor per mass Ideal work of compressor is computed using the formula given below:

Where: W c Ideal Work of compressor = ma(h2-h1);

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550 MW Combined-Cycle Natural Gas Power

By mass balance at the combustor mass of air is equal to the difference of the mass of flue gas and mass of natural gas.

Figure A.1: Combustor Mass Balance

( (

) )

Where: rff Actual flue gas-fuel ratio, 47.47 (chapter 4); NG density of natural gas, SG = 0.58, shown on table 2.3; and

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550 MW Combined-Cycle Natural Gas Power

fg density of flue gas, 0.39 kg/m3, taken from Power Plant Engineering Fig.12-44 by F.T.Morse.

( ( )

Wc actual work of compressor; and Compressor efficiency ideal range is 85-90% (http://web.me.unr.edu), use 88 % efficiency. ( )( )

)(

B.5 Mass flow of flue gas Mass flow of flue gas can be computed by using 208 MW as the rated output of the Gas Turbine divided by the generator efficiency equals to the actual work net of the gas turbine. ( ) ( )

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Where: Typical generator efficiency 93% (www.jcmiras.net/jcm/item/93/); and Rated output of Gas turbine is 208 MW (refer to Annex D).

B.6 Actual Work of Turbine The Actual work of the turbine can be computed by multiplying the mass of the flue gas to the actual work of the turbine per mass. ( )

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550 MW Combined-Cycle Natural Gas Power

B.7 Actual Work of Compressor The actual work of the compressor can be computed by multiplying the mass of the flue gas to the actual work of the compressor per mass.

B.8 Actual Work net Actual Work net is the difference between Actual work of turbine and actual work of compressor.

B.9 Mass flow of Natural Gas The mass of the natural gas can be obtained using the formula shown on section B.4.

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B.10 Gas Turbine Power Output Gas turbine power output is the electricity generated by the gas turbine. ( ) Where: PGToutput power generated by gas turbine; Wnet - actual work net; and eg generator efficiency.

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