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inspired to be
“Inspired to be GREEN” will make you think of a
healthier planet and a greener future. If you take just
one action to be greener, make greener products, use
renewable materials or invest in green technology
then you can easily offset 10, 100 or 1000 times the
emissions caused by printing this magazine.
We put all our passion for green and our love for mother
earth in creating this magazine, and we hope you will
enjoy reading it.
inspired to be
GREEN
Glass in Green contents
Architecture 4
Glass is one of the most important
construction materials in modern architecture, and
it is a vital part of green buildings. Discover more
about this great material and how to use it best.
Green Factories 8
An in depth look at the newly launched IGBC green factories
rating system. Information about the rating system,
registrastion, fee, certification and benefits and why it is
important for all new factories in India to go green.
The greatest benefit, of course, is a more streamlined and hassle Examination Fee:
Students: Rs 3000/- , Professionals (IGBC Members): Rs 5000/- , Professionals
free certification process and a go to person for any questions that
(Non Members): Rs 7000/-
usually arise.
Location and Frequency of Examination:
The New LEED AP Exam: The examination is offered online, computer based, twice a month at Merit
The Green Building Certification Institute has launched a new Trac examination centers in the following cities: Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi,
exam and credentialing program. It has become a 2 step process to Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai.
become a LEED AP+ and is explained in great detail. In the following cities, period of exam is once a month and the centers are
subject to availability. Pune, Ahmedabad, Cochin, Coimbatore, Lucknow.
GBCI has now introduced 3 levels of Accredited Professionals.
Examination Structure & Content: Suggested Material for Reading:
1. Level I – LEED Green Associate
2. Level II – LEED Accredited Professional with specialty The examination has three sections: • IGBC Homes Detailed Reference Guide
3. Level II – LEED Fellow • Section I: Green Building Design & Construction • IGBC Factory Building Rating Abridged
• Section II: Building Standards & Codes reference guide
• Section III: IGBC Resources and Processes • Reference Standards such as NBC guidelines,
TM TM TM TM TM
• Section IV: Green Design Strategies & Impacts ECBC, ASHRAE 90.1, ASHRAE 62.1, etc.,
• Background material of green building training
TM
The exam would consist of 110 questions in programme conducted by IGBC
multiple-choice format, with each question carrying • LEED India NC detailed reference guide
one mark. To be successful, the candidates will • LEED India CS detailed reference guide
have to score a minimum of 85 marks.
5
7
Green Factories... IGBC Green Factories Rating System
With the advancement of the green building movement in India, many companies have evinced keen inter-
9
Factory related pollution is the number one source of pollution in the The pilot version of the rating system has been launched on 10th July 2009. Project teams interested in
World. Factory pollution accounts for more than half the volume of all
IGBC Green Factory Building Certification for their projects must register with IGBC. Benefits of Green Factory
water pollution, as well as for the most deadly of pollutants.
Buildings include energy savings from 30 – 40 %, water savings around 20 – 30%, enhanced indoor air
Most of the manufacturing factories consume vast quantities of fresh quality, good day-lighting and hence increased productivity, health, wellbeing and safety of the work force,
water to carry away wastes of several different types. This waste water
reduced dependency on virgin materials and reduced use of fossil fuels.
from industrial factories is discharged into lakes, oceans and streams,
which eventually disperse the polluting effluent substances.
Construction related factory discharge includes gypsum, metals, IGBC Green Factory Building rating
cement, abrasives and poisonous solvents which pollute air and water addresses green features under the
and the negative effects are seen in cities all over the world. Power following categories:
plants cause thermal pollution when they increase water temperatures.
These increases of temperature affect the amounts of oxygen that • Site Selection and Planning
are suspended in a volume of water. Changing the oxygen level of water • Water Conservation
disrupts the ecological balance of a body of water. This can kill animals • Energy Conservation
and plant species, at the same time it encourages the overgrowth of • Material Conservation
other plant and animal species. • Indoor Environment Quality and
Occupational Health
Factory pollution includes carbon monoxide, which is mainly produced in • Innovation & Design Process
combustion processes. Though most carbon monoxide pollution comes
from motorized vehicles, there are also many combustion driven power
plants still in operation today.
Sulfur oxides cause acid rain and come from the burning of fuel that
contains sulfur. Sulfur oxides are mostly produced at power plants or
even combustion-driven power plants. Points Weightage for IGBC Green Factories
Less than 5,000 sqm 5,001 to 50,000 sqm Above 50,001 sqm • Equity/Investor Financing of Projects
Finance • Engineering, Procurement & Construction Services
Fixed Rate Based on sqm Fixed Rate & Technology • Overall Project Development, Construction -
Founding Rs.2,25,000 Rs.2,25,000 plus Rs.5.30 per Rs.4,65,000 & Management Services
additional sqm over and • Master Integrator
members
above 5,001 sqm
Annual Members Rs.2,60,000 Rs.2,60,000 plus Rs.5.30 per Rs.5,00,000 Carbon Advisory Business Climate Value Advisory Carbon Finance & Technology
additional sqm over and
above 5,001 sqm • 29 CDM projects registered 200+ • Provide strategic advisory • 50MW wind, 30MW biomass,
Rs.2,70,000 plus Rs.5.30 per Rs.5,10,000 projects in the pipeline. services to infrastructure, steel, 6MW waste to power projects
Non-Members Rs.2,70,000
additional sqm over and • Managing a portfolio of 140+ mn pharma, IT, hospitality and under development.
above 5,001 sqm CERs and 25+mn VERs. financial sectors including GHG • 12 biomass power generation
• Projects across all technologies abatement plans, city lighting and licenses acquired.
including renewable energy (wind, green power sourcing. • 80MW license acquisition in
Certification Level Certification Level Achieved Points hydro, biomass, solar), energy • Worked with over 4 national progress.
efficiency, HFC & N2 O destruction, ministries to conduct surveys for • Projects in India, Malaysia,
The various levels of rating awarded are: Certified 26 - 31 forestation, transportation. renewable energy, forestry and Indonesia, Thailand, Africa.
• Facilitated the first ever credit transportation. • Expertise in implementing,
Silver 32 - 37
•‘Certified’ to recognize best practices period renewal of a CDM project in the • Technical expertise in wind, operating and managing projects.
•‘Silver’ to recognize outstanding performance Gold 38 - 47 world. hydro, biomass, solar, energy
•‘Gold’ to recognize national excellence efficiency & waste projects.
Platinum 48 - 64
•‘Platinum’ to recognize global leadership
Corporate Office : Emergent Ventures India Pvt Ltd
Plot # 19, Sector 33, Gurgaon-122001, Haryana, India Ph: + 91 124 4353100
Source of Information : www.igbc.in Email: contact@emergent-ventures.com ; Web: www.emergent-ventures.com
Kyoto Protocol and Global Warming These mechanisms allow such countries to reduce their emissions by funding/implementing project
activities that reduce the GHG emissions in other countries. The rationale behind having such flexible
mechanisms is that climate change is a global phenomenon and carbon dioxide reduced at one place
Global climate change we are living in midst of constantly changing climatic conditions, will have a net positive impact in GHG reductions across the globe.
largely a result of human interference,and it allowed to continue can cause irreparable damage to
flora, fauna and human life. The rise in the average temperature near the earth's surface, by the use of Emission Trading is an allowance based transaction system which permits Annex I countries to
fossil fuels such as coal, industrial and agricultural processes is scientifically termed as global warming. purchase carbon credits from other Annex I countries to fulfill their emission reductions commitments.
Warming tends to change climatic patterns across the globe resulting in the notorious problem of global The European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) is a resultant of this mechanism and is currently
climate change. Global Climate Change as the term suggests is a global issue and is not restricted to the world’s largest multi-national GHG trading scheme. Credits under this system are known as
the activities of particular individual, community, zone, region, state or country. European Union Allowances (EUAs).
The Kyoto Protocol formed under the United Nation Clean Development Mechanism, defined under Article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol, is a
Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
project based transaction system which allows industrialized nations, having a target for reduction of
allows the Annex I countries of the UNFCCC (the
GHG, to accrue carbon credits.
developed countries and countries with economies
in transition) to reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) A CDM project should assist Non Annex Party/country (developing nations) in achieving sustainable
emissions by a certain amount. The Protocol was formed development. Projects such as energy efficiency, fuel switch, renewable energy (hydro power, wind
in 1997 and it came into force on 16th Feb 2005. This is a power), methane capture from municipal solid waste, waste to energy, HFC destruction, biomass and
legally binding agreement for 169 industrialized nations cogeneration, which help in reduction of GHG emissions could be potential CDM projects.
to collectively reduce their GHG emissions to about 5 % Carbon credits are acquired by financing the carbon reduction projects in developing nations. The
from 1990 levels. The 1990 emission levels have been credits originating from such projects are termed as Certified Emission Reductions (CERs). For every
taken as baseline. In the 2008-2012 phase of the Kyoto,
tonne of carbon dioxide reduced, one CER is issued which is then traded in the international market
the legally bound countries will achieve their targets.
such as the EU ETS. The CERs can also be sold in the voluntary carbon market. In 2006, the CDM
The six GHG gases identified in the Protocol are CO2,
CH4, HFC, PFC, SF6 and N2O. It is under the Kyoto transacted credits valued at around US $5 billion and represented reductions of 450 Mt CO2e.
regime that the largest GHG market in the world has
evolved.
There are three mechanisms under the Protocol through Joint Implementation allows emitters in the developed (Annex I) countries to purchase
which the Annex I countries can reduce their emissions.
carbon credits from another developed country or an economy in transition that have implemented
These mechanisms form the foundation of the Kyoto
Protocol. They are as follows: carbon reduction projects. This is also a project based transaction and reductions achieved through
such projects are referred to as Emission Reduction Units (ERUs). Some of the countries involved in JI
• Clean Development Mechanism are Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Japan, Poland, Romania, Spain, UK, etc. Any
• Joint Implementation project starting after the 1st January 2002 is eligible to be a part of JI.
• Emissions Trading Source : www.emergent-ventures.com
SP Infocity, Manesar. 15
Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment GREEN... Architectural Rendering
Commonwealth Games Village: GRIHA principles when applied to large projects can significantly
reduce their environmental impacts and ensure long term viability of such developments. GRIHA rating not
only helps create good Indoor Environmental Quality for future occupants but also mandates safe and decent
working conditions for the construction workers. This project which is on its way to get GRIHA certification
has received special appreciation from the Ministry of Labour, Government of India for creating conducive
working environment for the construction workers like on-site accommodation including sanitary toilets, safe
drinking water and protective equipment for work.
IIT Kanpur: GRIHA rating system can be applied to stand alone buildings coming up in infill plots in a developed
area or a campus. The Environmental Sciences and Engineering block in IIT Kanpur is an excellent example where
GRIHA rating process has helped to bring down the energy consumption by 60% vis-a-vis a similar building with
Commonwealth games village, Delhi. conventional specifications. The project also preserved all the existing trees by designing the spaces around them and
Architectural Rendering integrating those spaces as internal courtyards thus adding to the solar passive feature set of the building.
Why Carbon Minus? INCENTIVES : 19
Energy Efficiency in Buildings you all the answers you need. The energy loads can be simulated, energy efficiency strategies can be
modeled and the savings & payback calculated. There are a handful of Energy-Simulation software’s for
buildings like eQuest, EnergyPlus, Design Builder and VisDOE. For the following introduction to energy
To evaluate or predict how much energy a building uses, can be a complicated process. There are some
modeling eQuest software has been chosen.
thumb rules and experts can give a good idea of the approximate consumption of a standard building, but
these calculations do not work well if you want to design a green and energy saving building. Computer
Simulations are necessary to get an objective and precise idea of the buildings energy requirements and Step 1: Build an Energy Model
also to understand the most cost effective energy conservation measures for the particular project. The first step for simulating the buildings energy consumption is to build a model in eQuest. To save time
and effort the model should be simplified as much as possible but it must be accurate enough to reflect
the building design and energy consumption. Before starting with the program following information
Where is the energy consumed? must be collected:
- Design Basis Report (contains important data
Do you know how much energy your building like HVAC design, lighting, process loads,
consumes? To establish energy efficiency measures temperatures, heat recovery, occupancy,
and save initial & operational cost, it is critical to equipment density)
know what appliances and systems are using the - Digital drawings (orientation, elevations, floor
energy. The illustration shows how the total energy layouts, zoning)
consumption is consumed in a typical office building. - Construction materials
- Rating system and requirements
How do we start saving energy? - Applicable standards for simulation
(ASHRAE 90.1, ECBC 2007)
The process of energy conservation is to firstly reduce the loads, and then start making the systems more - Weather files for the proposed location
efficient. The chart alongside shows the largest consumers and this is the right place to start: Cooling/ Simplified CAD drawings can be loaded in eQuest and used as background for drawing zones and construction
Heating, Lighting and Miscellaneous Equipment (Process Loads, Equipment Loads from Plug Points, lines. Every single floor must be drawn except typical floors where multipliers can be applied. To calculate a
Computers and Appliances). buildings energy consumption accurately and for meeting the requirements of LEED or IGBC a lot of detail
inputs must be fed into the software. Specifying conditioned and unconditioned zones, occupancy, lighting
Heating & Cooling loads affect their whole HVAC system. If cooling loads increase the energy requirements
power density, equipment power density and fresh air requirements of every zone is vital. The HVAC System
are higher along with more electricity consumption for Ventilation Fans, Pumps and Heat Rejection. Cooling
can be chosen out of several options and detail inputs for pumps, chillers, fans and cooling towers need to
loads can be reduced by improving the envelope system (Insulation of exterior Walls, high performance
be filled. It is also required to create and assign schedules for the occupancy, equipment and cooling period
glass, shading, green roof) and reducing the internal loads (efficient lighting system, efficient appliances).
as well as constructions for walls and windows. After the building parameters are entered, the simulation
To choose the right cooling system for your building is vital for efficient energy use. A centralized system report can be created which will give information about the annual energy consumption in Kilowatt hours
with water cooled chillers is efficient and efforts should be made to avoid using single split units which divided into HVAC consumption (Cooling, Heating, Fans, Pumps, Heat Rejection), Miscellaneous Equipment
consume much more energy. (Equipment, Process Load), Exterior Usage and Lighting.
Natural Light is the cheapest
Insulated High Energy-
form of lighting for a building, not Efficient
LIGHTING WALLS + Performance Saving
mentioning the many benefits ROOF GLASS Equipment
it has on occupant’s health and
productivity. When artificial light is
installed, ensure energy efficient Reduced
fixtures but maintain the minimum LOADS
amount of light required for the
activity of the space. Occupancy
sensors and daylight sensors are Smaller
HVAC-System
efficient lighting control measures
to ensure the artificial lights
are turned off when there is no
High-efficient
occupancy or enough daylight. HVAC-System
23%
19%
42%
11%
5% For more information please contact:
Electricity M/S. SimCosm India Pvt. Ltd. 505, Elite Galaxy, Ramnagar, Pashan Road, Pune – 411 021.
Email: sales@simcosm.com Phone No. : 020 22953752
Energy Efficiency Measures and Validation through Strategy 1:
Working with the Sun, Orientation & Shading:
25
Computer Simulation India is a country with abundant sunshine. The key to any efficient
building is to work with the sun and factors like orientation and
shading are critical. Orient the building such that the long axis is
Energy Simulation is a very helpful tool to decide on different Energy Efficiency Measures, and see the north-south to prevent exposure to the heat of the sun. Shading of
impact on the total energy consumption. The range of Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) varies from simple the building is a zero cost strategy and can be incorporated in the
measures like building overhangs and adding insulation to more complicated systems like implementing a design. Shading devices like overhangs, fins, jalli screens have long
BMS (Building Management System) and dynamic envelope system. been used in our traditional architecture, with a good understanding
of the sun.
In this article, we have focused on a few Energy Efficiency Measures, which range from simple, zero initial
cost strategies, as well as measures which come at a higher initial cost but have very good payback periods.
Results:
Savings with proper orientation: 2.1%
We have created a hypothetical building and simulate a “Basecase” which represents a typical office building,
Savings with shading measures: 3.4%
in terms of design, envelope, systems and appliances/ fixtures. Each strategy is simulated individually and
Cost: Zero to Minimal Cost
the percent of savings are shown to validate the benefits of the measure. A final “optimized case” shows the
combined effect of implementing all suggested EEM’s and the resulting total savings.
Strategy 2:
The Basecase: Reduce Wall Window Ratio:
• Office Building in New Delhi
The amount and type of glazing in a building is critical to the
• 10 Floors above grade
energy performance. The balance of bringing in enough daylight
• 60% Wall Window Ratio on all
and preventing the ingress of heat requires simulation. To
orientations
optimize the area of glass on the building presents a great
• 250,000 sqft total floor area
method to save energy and money. As glass is approximately
• 9 inch Wall with mortar finish
four times more expensive than wall for the same area, initial
• RCC Roof without insulation
costs of the construction can be reduced drastically. Considering
• Working hours: 8am to 5pm
the energy aspects, fenestration should be between 20-40% wall
• Conditioned Area: 80%
window ratio (depending on geometry and glass type) to achieve
• Equipment Load: 1 W/sqft
optimum results. Our climate does not require huge expanses of
• Lighting Power Density: 1 W/sqft
glass which bring in heat and glare.
• Glass properties:
U-Value 5.7 W/Sq m K
Results:
The Results: Saving by reducing the Window Wall Ratio (WWR) from
60% to 40% is 2.6%
Total Energy Consumption Area Lighting Water Heating Cost: Reduction in Initial Cost
= 2979.8 kWh X 1000 Task Lighting Ht Pump Supp
Misc. Equipment Space Heating
Energy Consumption per square foot Exterior Usage Refrigeration
= 11.9 kWh/year Pumps & Aux Heat Rejection Strategy 3:
Total HVAC Load : 625 TR Ventilation Fans Space Cooling Can a light color building save?
HVAC Load (sf per TR) = 400 23%
Yes. Materials with high reflectivity and lighted colors reflect
heat. Simple use of these materials for walls, roofs, paving
and other components can greatly reduce building’s heat gain.
Strategies like roof coatings, china mosaic tiles on roofs, light
28%
28% color painted walls or stone surfaces are good examples of this
zero cost strategy.
Results:
2%
6% Savings by changing from dark to light color: 0.9%
11%
Cost: Zero Additional Cost
Electricity
2 Heat Mirror Films
Strategy 4: Strategy 7: 27
3 krypton filled
Glass glass everywhere, but no daylight or views? airspaces Improved HVAC system:
warm edge
insulated
This is a common problem seen in so many glass box buildings spacer bar The performance of the HVAC System has a big impact on the
today. Too much glass (and incorrect specifications) results in too gas energy consumption. Their strategy in our case is to increasing
retention
much heat gain and glare, which results in blinds being closed, and tape the COP of the centrifugal chillers from 5.0 to 5.5, installing
the whole purpose of the use of glass is lost. Computer simulation variable speed drives, reducing the pressure losses of the
can help in selecting the “Correct Glass” for the project. Glass has air-supply system and replacing standard pumps and motors with
3 critical properties, namely the amount of natural light (Visible higher efficient ones. These parameters not only help to reduce
Light Transmittance), heat conductance (U Value) and shading the loads, but will indirectly offset the costs as power back up DG
(Shading Coefficient) and hence using computer simulation, the sets and transformer capacity would be reduced proportionately.
team achieves the balance of heat versus light.
Results:
Results:
Improved HVAC system will have a savings effect of 12.5% on the
Improved Glass: Changing the Glass properties from U-Value 5.7
total energy consumption.
W/m2 K and SC 0.25 to U-Value 1.8 W/m2 K and SC 0.20 brings
3.5% total energy savings. Cost: Increase in initial cost of Glass.
Reduction in capacity of HVAC equipment. Strategy 8:
On demand HVAC system:
Strategy 5: Demand Control Ventilation works by sensing the
Low conductivity materials & insulation: CO2 level in the exhaust air and adjusting the fresh
air requirements. The principle is that if a room is
Insulation is another great way to reduce heat ingress through walls not occupied, then CO2 levels are low, and fresh
and roofs. Exterior Walls can be made out of concrete, brick, AAC-Blocks air being pumped in is reduced. When occupied,
and other materials. Choosing a material with good thermal insulating the system will ensure that the CO2 levels do not
properties does not necessary mean that the construction is more exceed the permissible limits.
expensive. In fact if we choose materials like AAC Blocks, not only does
it provide better thermal properties, but it is also lighter in weight and
Results:
Results: Demand Control Ventilation will save 1.3 % of the
This result of 2.7% savings was achieved by adding 2 inch polyurethane energy used per year.
insulation on exterior walls and roof, whereby increasing insulation and
reducing heat transfer. Strategy 9:
Heat Recovery Wheels:
Hot ambient air
When conditioned air is exhausted from a space,
Strategy 6: fresh air at outside temperature needs to be
Maximizing daylight and reducing artificial light: cooled / heated before supply to maintain thermal
comfort in the space. The heat recovery wheel
A building can maximize their use of daylight by turning off helps to transfer some of the energy, to pre heat /
the artificial lights when lux levels are sufficient. Daylight cool the fresh air before reaching the HVAC system.
sensors installed along the perimeter of the building achieve Hence a heat recovery wheel could transfer heat
this saving. to reduce the temperature of ambient outdoor air
High efficiency artificial lights can also be installed to reduce by 6 – 8 degrees and can save on energy loads of
the electricity load due to lighting of the building. T5 and LEDs the HVAC system.
are good examples of this saving strategy.
Results: Result:
Daylighting sensors are able to save 6% of the total energy Installing a heat recovery wheel in this project will
consumption. Reducing the lighting power density by 20% will Cold outlet air save 1.5 % on energy cost.
earn additional 6% energy savings.
Optimized Case: 29
There are reasons why our brand is green... To implement all mentioned Energy Efficiency Measures can reduce the total energy consumption by 36%. It
must be considered that the single EEMs show higher savings in percent as they were simulated individually
based on the basic design. The graphs show that the miscellaneous equipment is always kept at the same
load and at the end this part takes up a huge percentage of the total energy consumption. Additional energy
efficient appliances would be able to save more energy, what is not modelled here.
These strategies to save energy will bring different results for every project, as they depend on various
parameters like orientation, geometry, occupancy, internal loads and HVAC system. To start the energy
simulation process early in the design of the building can assist in making decisions towards a greener
building at a minimal increase in initial capital cost.
HVAC Insulation, Green Buildings & LEED: What What is GREEN about Class O Armaflex Plus &
Is the Connection? Class O Armaflex Closed Cell Insulation & With the rising energy costs, not only does this mean greater savings, but also faster paybacks
ArmaSound Super Silence Ductliner?
Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design, and adds validity to the statement - “ Going Green Makes Sense” where inspired to
better known as LEED, is generating more While LEED may include many credits that are be green energy experts prepared this showcase for you. Please contact them by e-mail at
interest then ever among HVAC engineers. In specific to mechanical insulation, its overall inspired.to.be.green@gmail.com for more information on that topic.
practice recent studies confirm that if buildings concern with indoor air quality, emissions,
are designed with GREEN objective in mind, they pollutants, particulates, etc. is pervasive. From Area Lighting Water Heating
will not only earn good LEED ratings but will also this perspective, Armaflex is, indeed, a very Task Lighting Ht Pump Supp Total Energyconsumption
Misc. Equipment Space Heating
save energy costs in long run with out incurring “green product”. Consider the following
-36%
Refrigeration 3500 kWh*1000
Exterior Usage
much incremental cost. Insulation plays key role important points about Armacell products; Pumps & Aux Heat Rejection
3000 kWh*1000
in Green Buildings and its scope in grand scheme Ventilation Fans Space Cooling
of LEED is identified and may get more Water Vapour Resistance: 2500 kWh*1000
recognition in coming days. Armaflex's closed cell structure inherently 23%
How Insulation Selection Impacts LEED one main ingredient required for fungal growth, 1500 kWh*1000
Certification? as well gives long term insulation efficiency.
1000 kWh*1000
Insulation can contribute to LEED within the 3 19%
categories of Energy & Atmosphere, Materials & MICROBAN antimicrobial product protection:
®
500 kWh*1000
Resources, and Indoor Environment Quality, but Built into Class O Armaflex Plus. Microban
certain specific guidelines apply. antimicrobial protection is another layer of 42% 0 kWh*1000
defence against the spread of mould & mildew. 11%
Basecase optimized Case
1. Energy & Atmosphere (EA) 5% Misc. Equipment Space Cooling Heat Rejection Space Heating
Non-particulating and Fiber-free: Ventilation Fans Pumps & Aux. Lighting
2. Materials and Resources (MR) This prevents it from becoming an irritant to Electricity
3. Indoor Environment Quality (IEQ) building occupants. So there is less concern about
material in ductwork breaking down and being
Role of Insulation in LEED could increase released into the air stream.
Existing LEED programmes continue to evolve, so Formaldehyde Free, Low VOCs, and negligible
guidelines will continue to change based upon off-gassing makes Armaflex a healthy choice for
input from committees and Architects / HVAC facilities concerned with indoor pollutants.
fraternity. In coming days there should be greater
emphasis on indoor environmental issues,
including acoustics, mould and low-emitting
materials. All of these have the potential to
expand the importance of insulation selection
within LEED projects, as we don't want LEED
rated Green buildings to become just another
building.
33
The pre-growing process begins with green roof
panels being laid out at their grow facility. By
pre-growing the panels, the benefits are seen
immediately after installation. The established
Green roofs play a most important role in thermal protection of roofs. Roof gardens not only give the building
a green look, they actually make the building more energy efficient. plants resist weed pressure and reduce irrigation
requirements resulting in maintenance savings.
ELT India Enterprise has brought the latest green roof technology from Canada, which enables green roofing of When fully established, the plants anchor into the
any existing and new building. For an existing roof a solution can be provided whether it is sloping or flat, has bio-blanket provides a great erosion control.
services running, a sky light or other constructions which cannot be removed. The company dedicates hard work
towards the mission of facilitating the integration of environmental technologies such as green roofs and living walls
into our dwellings and work places.
The lightweight and low maintenance systems can weigh as little as 8 kg/sq.ft when fully saturated, what makes An irrigation system is installed to help the plants
it perfect for retrofits. Designed with sustainability in mind, each component is either recycled or recyclable to while they adjust to their new environment during
conserve our precious natural resources. ELT Easy Green™ is the one product which combines all standard green the first season. If designed in advance, after the
roof layers in one! first year the irrigation can remain in place as an
inexpensive method of dealing with dry periods,
but may not be needed for regular irrigation.
The ELT system can be installed Panels are modular with overlap strips
over any membrane type. However, around two sides. They can be stacked up
3rd Party Testing: ELT Easy Green™ green roof systems being tested at the Centre for the Advancement of Green
single-ply membranes like (EPDM and for shipping and trimmed to fit on site. All of
TPO) often do not require an additional these features translate into faster installation Roof Technology (BCIT). We have 2 Research Evaluation Modules that can be viewed by the public as well as many
root barrier saving on material costs. times and reduced project costs. other case studies around the world.
Eyeleds®
Eyeleds® is a new use of lighting as a decorative feature that helps to create atmosphere while also serving as safety
or orientation lighting in floors. Eyeleds International is focused on providing LED lighting systems for professional
indoor and outdoor flooring market. Eyeleds offers revolutionary, creative and high quality LED lighting options for
a wide variety of interior and exterior applications. The innovative Eyeleds LED lighting concept was developed in
conjunction with leading partners from interior design and lighting industry, taking advantage of their application
expertise. Eyeleds® Round Eyeleds® Guide Eyeleds® Square Eyeleds® Disc eye Eyeleds® Beam eye
The 6.5 mm super flat fixtures can be build-in in a professional and norm conform way in every
surface; e.g. floors (laminate, wood, carpet, stone carpets, adhesive floors, nature stone, cork,
rubber etc.), but also in walls, stairs, ceilings, furniture, veranda, for interior as well as for Eyeleds® Power eye Eyeleds® Color eye CS Eyeleds® Outdoor Pro Eyeleds® Space eye Eyeleds® Minibeam eye
exterior applications. As the fixtures have a minimum recess depth and do not produce heat
(max 32°C.), Eyeleds is extremely suitable for applications in all materials with a thickness Possibilities for the future...
of 7mm. Eyeleds® is tested according to the norms. Even in build-in applications the fixtures
can deal easily with a point-pressure of 2850 N or 285 kg. So no problem to drive e.g. with a Eyeleds® anticipates to bring out LED lighting in new shapes, sizes and colors. In the foreseeable future the
car over this fixture. range shall be expanded with the addition of products based on ‘power LED’ technology. The very high light
output of ‘power LED’ is leading developers to explore the possibilities of ‘functional’ LED lighting and LED
This worldwide patented, IP67 water and dust proof system, contents of very high quality room lighting that will make it possible to take advantage of the low energy consumption and very long life
LEDs based on SMD technology. By the use of high quality components the fixtures reach span of LED!
a lifetime of 100.000 hours MTBF and the Eyeleds® just consume 0,3W. They are very
economical in use. Because of the Eyeleds®- fixtures are functioning in a very safe way and in
Distributor for India and Sri Lanka :
an environmental responsible way they could be switched on continuously. Information and Image courtsey : COSMO/Eyeleds India
Eyeleds® ‘Cosmo Square’ #6, Ranjith Road, Kotturpuram,
Brand of Lighting Science Group Corp. Chennai -85, India. Phone : +91-044-2447 0649, 2447 2558,
ww.eyeleds.com www.cosmofloor.com / info_in@eyeleds.com
l e e d Examples for M R Credit 5.1 & 5.2:
Building Materials: Calculate the cost of material qualified for the credits as 100% of the value of the
37
Credits
M R Credit 5.1 (1 point): Use a minimum of 20% of building materials
(by cost) and products that are manufactured regionally within
a radius of 800 Km.
Exemplary Performance:
A project would qualify for Exemplary performance under 5.1 Credit for Manufactured
Points to Note: regionally, if the value of building materials meeting the requirements is 40% of building
material cost.
Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing Components shall not be included in this calculation.
Only permanently installed materials can be considered. A project would qualify for Exemplary performance under 5.2 Credit for Extracted regionally,
All items taken must be consistent with MR credits 3 - 7, including furniture. if the value of building materials meeting the requirements is 20% of building material cost.
39
BUILD WITH HEMP… and SAVE ENERGY The U values for walls depend on the Showcase:
Hemcrete® wall thickness for example
for standard mix:
We all wish that we could use materials which can be environmentally friendly LIME AND HEMP HELP WAREHOUSE TO SAVE OVER
a 200 mm wall has a U value of
produced, without using to much energy and creating green house gases. This 750 TONNES OF CO2.
0.3 W/m2 K
innovative material helps to store CO2 emissions, saves energy over the buildings a 300 mm wall has a U value of A distribution centre for Adnams brewery in
lifetime and comes with all the features of a strong building material. 0.2 W/m2 K Southwold, Suffolk can probably lay claim to being
a 400 mm wall has a U value of Britain’s greenest warehouse. By using Tradical®
0.15 W/m2 K Hemcrete®, over 150 tonnes of CO2 have been
Hemcrete® is an established walling
material for carbon negative highly locked up in the logistics centre’s walls. In addition,
thermally efficient walls. While hemp is creating walls within a conventional building of the
growing it is absorbing CO2 from the air same size would have generated up to 600 tonnes of
and produces oxygen after cutting and CO2 emissions. By using Tradical® Hemcrete®, the
Characteristics: Adnams distribution centre has therefore made a
manufacturing the Hemp to wall blocks
the CO2 is still stored in the material potential saving of up to 750 tonnes of CO2.
• Concrete dosed at 220 kg/m3
what results in a negative CO2 balance
• Density 330 kg/m3 The commitment of Lime Technology is to work
of the material. This building material
• Thermal conductivity λ = 0,09 W/m.k with a variety of specifiers, contractors, developers
offers all the advantages of a strong
• Compressive Strength at and research bodies across all market sectors. It
and long lasting construction material
90 days 0.9 Mpa is the aim to create buildings that have both a low
and comes with all the green features
you could possibly expect from building embodied CO2 footprint as well as being low energy
material: in use. They are working on the forefront of creating a
new wave of low carbon products to build tomorrows
• high insulating properties buildings today.
• vapour permeable
• air tight More information on that amazing material and the
• lightweight green minded company can be gathered under:
• from renewable materials www.limetechnology.co.uk
It can be used for all kinds of building applications from roof insulation to wall construction to flooring.
It is seven times stronger than concrete, weighs half as much, is waterproof, fireproof and at the end
of its lifecycle it is completely recyclable.
In the U.K this amazing green material is used for years. To grow hemp is illegal in some countries but
in England a lot of farmers earn their money with growing hemp as a raw material for that amazing
building material. The hemp plant is growing without use of fertilizer and with little water needs.
Chilled Beams Active chilled beams are developed on the basis of passive
chilled beams with the target of a higher capacity and a
controlled fresh air supply. The primary air from the air
Advantages of Chilled Beams
A new cooling system finds the way to green buildings handling system is introduced to the active chilled beam • Reduced cost of air ducts and supply fans.
through high velocity nozzles, and this starts of a chain • Less ductwork.
A lot of inventions were made to cool buildings down to comfortable reaction: The supplied warm air cools down on the beam, • Supply water temperature can be significantly
air temperatures, always with the goal of increasing the efficiency and gets heavier (as the density of air increases with falling higher.
adapting to different situations. Chilled beams can definitely help to temperature) and sinks down to the floor. Indoor air heated • System does not take up much space and can
make the process of cooling more efficient and reach the target of an up by all internal loads flows up to the chilled beam (as even fit in to ceilings.
energy conserving building. hot air rises) and is getting cooled again by the cold water • No moving parts = less maintenance.
circulated pipes. Due to forced convection, active chilled • Saving energy of delivering sensible cooling to
beams achieve cooling densities about twice of those of the space.
passive chilled beams.
DESIGN
architectural firms in the country. A Modern School Alumnus, Vidur
did his architecture from the prestigious School of Planning &
Architecture, Delhi.
AND Practicing since 1992, Vidur has designed projects for high profile
domestic and international clients.
DEVELOPMENT
Currently he is the Chairman - Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) – Delhi
Chairman - Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) – India -Schools & Education
Teaching Faculty - School of Planning & Architecture, Delhi.
Chapter Advisor - Hong Kong Development Group on Sustainable Architecture in Urban Cities
Frequent speaker at International and National forums on green architecture and relevant topics.
``Green building technology is a futuristic idea for the planet and is pro life. In the middle of steel and con-
Design and Development is the only architectural firm in Asia (and possibly in the world), crete constructions, eco-friendly buildings lead us to a healthy life and are gentle on our environment.
which to its credit has designed three LEED Platinum rated buildings and two LEED The basic tenet behind green construction is to effectively use the natural resources in a manner to re-
Gold rated buildings. duce the damage to the environment. At Design & Development we have adopted this as a mission and
we have delivered projects which are user friendly and aim to build a greener tomorrow.’’
Quality is maintained through hands-on involvement at almost The Wipro campus has been designed to provide an interactive campus environment in a tranquil
every level, with a clear focus on budget and schedules, setting. The activity hub with common facilities like recreation, cafeteria and sports center is planned
environmental consciousness, state of the art technology and the along the central axis with software office blocks on either side of this central zone. The reception,
highest standards of design excellence. This has ensured that the library & rejuvenation areas are curvilinear in stark contrast to the efficient, straight and rectangular
projects Design & Development works upon truly withstand the forms of the office blocks. The office areas are oriented North South with optimum glass wall ratio of
test of good-sustainable Architecture. 24% and high performance glass used to achieve daylight and views to occupant.
Design & Development is a very specialized architectural firm having over 100 professionals working in ZONING AND RELATIONSHIP
it who are striving to design environment friendly GREEN BUILDINGS across the globe. In 2007, it was
placed among the top four architectural firms in India by CNBC and ICICI .It currently has 40 million The green spaces and the central dry
sq.feet of sustainable green architecture at various stages from design to completion. water body are designed along the main
pedestrian movement pattern to enhance
Design and Development team keeps conducting a no. of workshops and interactive sessions it, such that they together become the
With clients, contractors and students to spread the message of green all across India Vidur and binding element for the campus. To add
Sheetal have been an active speakers in various conferences and workshops Organized by ISHRAE interest and shaded areas for making
– Indian Society of Heating and Air-condition Engineers,IERF,Search Foundation,IGBC and CII. pedestrian circulation more conducive.
The open spaces become the spillover
interaction zones.
Earth air tunnel for using the geo thermal energy to cool the office space and chilled beam system are
employed for lowering energy consumption of the buildings.
Two of the blocks have achieved IGBC (Indian Green Building Council) LEED Gold rating and
another building is being designed to achieve Leed Platinum Rating.
Green Projects
showcasing exemplary design & construction in green
Green Boulevard, Noida
It’s one of the most Environment Friendly
Core and Shell project in India. It is aspiring
to achieve USGBC (United States Green
Building Council) Platinum rating LEED
(Leadership in energy & environmental
Design) certification in Core and Shell
The Building is a multi-tenant project that
is based around the concept of creating
a congenial campus like environment,
where every tenant can share common
areas, facilities and still retain their
privacy.
The three towers, of this 9,52,000 sq.ft. development, are
staggered horizontally and vertically, giving each one visibility and
identity from the road. The stilted public realms on the lower floors
consist of an amphitheatre, a gym, a cafeteria and shops, helping
to form an area of common interests. The shaded stilted landscape
areas provide easy visual & physical connections, which create an
interactive environment.
Series of landscape sunken courts get in diffused natural light
from one side into lower ground areas housing cafeteria, gym and
offices. The lower ground areas remain cooler as these are sunk.
The towers are designed around shaded landscape courts with shallow water bodies & plants, which
are placed strategically along the wind direction to help cool the ambient temperature of the campus.
The building depth has been optimized to capture daylight and to maximize views.
The north-south orientation of the building ensures diffused natural daylight from the north while the
horizontal projection design feature cuts off the high sun from the South side. All the exterior shading
systems are designed to cut off heat and get glare free light. Pre cooled fresh air, the heat recovery
wheel and free cooling during fair weather season further helps in energy conservation.
It was ascertained as per the building simulation results that the Active and Passive features of the
Green Boulevard, together, help in saving 40% energy from other standard office buildings in India.
With the implementation of Energy Photovoltaic modules can be easily integrated into The aim of architecture is to maximize
Performance Certificates for Buildings a new era in the building envelope and take the function of an the user’s comfort regarding natural
terms of building design has started. Today not only adequate building element. Among post-and-beam lighting and open view outside. This is
the design and façade of a building count but also construction, rear ventilated walls and curtain walls mostly achieved with large glass surfaces.
its functionality and energy consumption during the also pre-fabricated facades have become popular in To ensure the thermal balance of the
utilization phase. The better the energetic standard, the last decades. building, shading of these is the only way.
the lower the operation expenses and the higher the It is the architect’s choice if he wants the PV Since outside shading elements are more
value of a real estate. panels to be invisibly mounted on the roof-top or efficient than inside shading and since
A building which can produce its own power to be shaping the appearance of the building by rear-ventilation improves PV cell efficiency,
demand or can at least contribute to it, has a lead integrating the electricity producing cells into the porch roofs and shading blades are very
over conventional buildings which are cheap in visible shell. useful for installation of photovoltaic
construction but blow all budgets (or “breaks the cells. They reduce the cooling load and
bank”) once under operation. The most common integration of photovoltaic into produce electricity which can be used
Building, especially large office blocks offer the façade: for example for artificial lighting. Wind
large surface areas that can be used for energy load and load-carrying capacity has to be
production trough photovoltaic systems, reducing verified on an individual basis. Inclination
the energy consumption of the building and CO2 • Shading systems and gap between the modules has to be
emissions at the same time. • Post-and-beam construction chosen so that mutual shading is avoided.
On-roof photovoltaic systems have become very Glas-in-glas modules also have a shading
common in central Europe. On-roof or façade • Element facade effect. Overhead mounting above an atrium
additive mounting, such as on porch roofs, is makes the area a comfortable place. Atria
done with a mounting system made from steel or • Double cladding/ double skin facade and canopy have ideal inclination and are
aluminum and the panels are solely for electricity • Atria and cantilever roof mostly free from shading.
production.
Color Flexibility
Design
Usually photovoltaic cells are dark of color to Flexible and bent modules are laminated on a support
ensure maximum absorption of sunlight. By material like metal- or plastic film, synthetic resin or
varying the thickness of the anti-reflection film glas-textile-membrane. Thin-film flexible modules have a
other color-effects can be created. Colored very low weight and can be used for shading elements,
PV-cells are custom made thus doubling or sun-sails and arched roofs and cupolas. Cristalline cells
tripling the price of conventional cells. can be bent to a minimum radius of 0,9m. Bent Modules
The higher reflection rate leads to a decrease are not as efficient as plane ones because they are not
in cell efficiency of 15-30%. equally exposed to the sunlight.
Photovoltaic Technology has reached a point where shape, size and mounting methods are more
flexible than ever. Therefore bold design ideas can be realized. Design of polycrystalline and monocrystal-
line modules is bound to the size, number and arrangement and the wafers. When designing, one can take
into consideration the standard sizes available or, if a complete covering is desired, order custom-made
modules. To fill corners and get a uniform surface look, dummy modules with “dead cells” are used.
Semitransparent und translucid photovoltaic modules combine electricity production and provide
natural regulated lighting in the room. Glas-in-Glas modules are available as single glazing or double
glazing. The transmission factor is regulated by the cell coverage of poly- or monocrystalline between the
glazing. At thin-film modules the opaque layer is cut into rectangular parts with a laser, creating gaps for
the light to shine through.
51
Double Cladding
and Sources
Agriculture; land use change;
CH4: Methane 23
of CDM projects, in accordance with national biomass burning; landfills
Gas Emissions by certain % of target from 2008 to 2012, the the nodal agency for climate change issues SF6: Sulphur Hexa Electricity transmission;
22200
Fluoride manufacturing
minimum benchmark level is 5.2%. in India. It has constituted Working Groups
Source: Kyoto Protocol, Annex A; IPCC (2001)
on the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol.
CDM Process Steps CDM as a financing Mechanism Ecolutions Carbon India Pvt. Ltd. 55
• CDM project additional cash flows on sale of CERs INVESTING IN CLIMATE PROTECTION PROJECTS
• Identification of the projects. • Viability improves due to Banks will be interested when viability
improves Ecolutions Carbon India Pvt. Ltd. is a 100% subsidiary of Ecolutions GmbH & KGaA of Germany, one of
• Bundling of small scale project
• Normally cash flow from CER sales revenue happens on delivery the well known companies in Europe.
(if needed). of CER
• Basic Data Collection. • CER sales revenue is considered at the time of financial appraisal. Ecolutions is created to serve as the pre-eminent business-to-business resource for companies to
understand, mitigate and manage the transition to a greenhouse gas constrained future. They are
• Preparation of Project Concept committed to take positive and real action to tackle global green house problems. The integrated
Note (PCN). Issues faced during CDM Cycle business model of Ecolutions combines ecological and economic demands in a unique way. The company
makes an active contribution to global climate protection efforts and offers investors an attractive
• Preparation of Project Design
• Identification of Project Type/Methodology used investment opportunity in the emerging carbon markets.
Document (PDD). • Tracking the Host Country Approval (HCA) process
• Host Country Approval. • Costs of Validation (Increasing DOE fees) Ecolutions dedicated team is experienced in determining the eligibility of projects under CDM. Team
• Choice of DOEs, Accreditation of DOEs, Suspension of DOEs by Ecolutions comprises of highly qualified and experienced multi-disciplinary professionals.
• Selection of Validators (DoEs).
UN CDM EB
• Assistance in verification, • CDM Cycle Time and CDM Costs Ecolutions is the only ISO certified company in carbon market in India in its first year of operation
certification and registration. itself and having the portfolio of 2.58 Million + tCO2e Portfolio, having 32+ Clients and 26+ Projects,
Issues faced during Registration aggregator at Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) and also has CLIMEX Membership as well.
• Financial analysis of the GHG
emission reductions. Equity investment projects: Ecolutions has recently invested 2 Biomass projects (15 MW each) in
Serious prior consideration of CDM.
Nagpur District, Maharashtra with equity partnership with Turboatom- TPS Projects Ltd. This project
• Market and revenue • Poor Additionality Demonstration, understanding and will be using biomass viz agriculture waste which is burnt by farmers, available in local areas as a fuel
assessments. proper use of EB Guidelines. Choice of right consultant/expert in the power-plants to produce electricity. Ecolutions is also developing a 45 MW wind energy project
for the PDD writing, is required. in Maharashtra. Their project will be supplying 85,000 MWh to the regional grid and also generate
• Identification of potential
• Loopholes in Investment Analysis, analysis of Registered about 77,000 CERs per year.
buyers for GHG -emission and rejected projects is required. Project Design and Documentation:
reductions purchase and • Use of Incorrect Benchmark, financial expert must have Ecolutions is actively engaged in developing the CERs/VERs
knowledge about the CDM guidelines. project. At present Ecolutions is working on more than 25 Projects
transfer agreements. • Incorrect Applicability Criteria used (from approved in the short span of one year.
methodologies) use the latest version of methodologies, and
reference of the registered PDDs is required. Carbon Foot Print Services:
Carbon Footprint is the sum total of the impact of a person
or thing or activity on the environment measured in tones of
Project Design Document carbon dioxide (CO2, the major greenhouse gas) released back
into the environment. A personal carbon footprint is the total
Designated national authorities carbon emissions resulting from the activities of one person,
Host country approval
again usually measured in terms of tones of CO2 per year.
Validation Operational entities A footprint is what is left at the back as a result of an
individual's activities. Carbon footprints can measure only direct
Registration emissions from energy used in the home and in transport, or can
also include indirect emissions as a result of goods and services
consumed.
Financing and implementation
Ecolutions Carbon India Pvt. Ltd has formally launched its "Carbon
Project ownwer
Monitoring Footprint Services" on the occasion of the 1st Anniversary of
the company. i.e. on 17th January 2009. Ecolutions is the first
company in India who has announced such a project in organized
Verification and certification
manner specially for the corporate world and individuals.
Battle against the Climate Change by spreading awareness about
Issue CERs
Executive board Global Warming effects among the younger generation.
Visit www.ecolutions.in for more information about
Interactions involved in a typical CDM project and actors responsible Ecolutions Carbon India Pvt. Ltd.
57
Working long-term in electric lighting is believed to be deleterious to health,
working by daylight is believed to result in less stress and discomfort.
How we light up the places we live and work makes a big impact on how Features:
we feel. It also makes a big impact on the environment.
Daylighting facts: 1. LightPipe can work for Lower Floors in Multilevel building, if there is a duct or opening for the tubes
to run through from roof. The light pipes are to be weather protected. The southern face of building
• Daylight (Full Spectrum light), is the source of life and essential to our well being, health and can be tapped to bring the light inside.
development.
2. LightPipe provides good performance even in cloudy days. In overcast conditions where ambient
• It provides high luminance and permits excellent colour discrimination and colour rendering, these light is 40,000-50,000 lux, 530 mm Light Pipe delivers 1400-1500 lux.
two properties mean that daylight provides the condition for good vision.
• Skyshade Daylights is presenting the miracle Daylighting system “LightPipe” which conducts 3. Unlike regular Skylights, the LightPipe conducts light only and not heat because of static air column.
sunlight through a system of pipes from exterior/ ambient into desired location in the building. As the length of Reflective tubing increases, the heat transfer
reduces. Even double glazed diffusers can be provided.
Features: Applications: Commercial Residential
Warehouses Living 4. LightPipe has a top UV absorbing dome and bottom diffuser which absorbs 99% UV
• Bright natural day light radiation. The light transmitted will not fade the interiors of building and is not harmful.
Factories Bedrooms
• Works on rainy days
Corridors Kitchen
• No heat transfer
Schools Toilets Electric Light vs Light pipe Light can reach desired
• Zero UV radiation
• Can bend around corners Institutions Staircases locations in a building.
Offices
Advantages:
• Cool day light
• Saves Electricity
• Exposure to natural daylight is beneficial to keep up the
mental and physical well being
• Better natural light conditions were linked to improved
productivity and safety of personnel
• Reduces the risk of business disruption due to power failures
How it works?
The Transparent Dome exposed to sun collects light and pipes it
down. The highly reflective interior surface of the pipe, conducts Contact us at:
light to desired location, with minimal loss. Skyshade
6-3-1216/141, Methodist Colony, Email: sales@skyshade.in;
The diffuser installed inside, distributes the incoming light evenly
Kundanbagh, Begumpet, skyshadeindia@gmail.com
throughout the area.
Hyderabad-500016 Visit: www.skyshade.in
This quote from “The Rhyme of the Ancient
Mariner” by Samuel Taylor Coleridge,
could be our future, unless we take notice
and action on the growing water crisis in
our country and the world. We must be
careful about the water we use and the
waste we generate, as it affects the climate
and our future generations more than you
can ever imagine.