Water (H2O, HYDROGEN OXIDE) Table Salt (NaCl, SODIUM CHLORIDE) Table Sugar (C12H22O11, SUCROSE) Ammonia's hold-house

(NH3, AMMONIA) Hydrogen Peroxide's house-hold (H2O2, HYDROGEN PEROXIDE's solution) Clorox (NaClO, SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE's solution) Chalk Remover (HCl, HYDROGEN CHLORIDE's solution)

Chemical Names of Common Substances

Alternate Words for Familiar Materials
Chemical or scientific names are used to give an accurate description of a substance's composition. Even so, you rarely ask someone to pass the sodium chloride at the dinner table. It's important to remember that common names are inaccurate and vary from one place and time to another. Therefore, don't assume that you know the chemical composition of a substance based on its common name. This is a list of archaic names and common names for chemicals, with their modern or IUPAC equivalent name. You also may be interested in the list of common chemicals and where to find them.

Common Name Chemical Name acetone dimethyl ketone; 2-propanone (usually known as acetone) acid potassium sulfate potassium bisulfate acid of sugar oxalic acid ackey nitric acid alcali volatil ammonium hydroxide alcohol, grain ethyl alcohol alcohol sulfuris carbon disulfide alcohol, wood methyl alcohol alum aluminum potassium sulfate alumina aluminum oxide antichlor sodium thiosulfate antifreeze ethylene glycol antimony black antimony trisulfide antimony bloom antimony trioxide antimony glance antimony trisulfide antimony red (vermillion) antimony oxysulfide aqua ammonia aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide aqua fortis nitric acid aqua regia nitrohydrochloric acid aromatic spirit of ammonia ammonia in alcohol arsenic glass arsenic trioxide azurite mineral form of basic copper carbonate
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asbestos aspirin baking soda banana oil (artificial) barium white benzol bicarbonate of soda

magnesium silicate acetylsalicylic acid sodium bicarbonate isoamyl acetate barium sulfate benzene sodium hydrogen carbonate or sodium bicarbonate

bichloride of mercury bichrome bitter salt black ash black copper oxide black lead blanc-fixe bleaching powder blue copperas blue lead blue salts blue stone blue vitriol bluestone bone ash bone black boracic acid borax bremen blue brimstone burnt alum burnt lime burnt ochre burnt ore brine butter of antimony butter of tin butter of zinc calomel carbolic acid carbonic acid gas caustic lime caustic potash caustic soda chalk Chile saltpeter Chile nitre Chinese red Chinese white chloride of soda chloride of lime chrome alum chrome green chrome yellow chromic acid copperas corrosive sublimate corundum (ruby, sapphire) cream of tartar crocus powder crystal carbonate dechlor diamond emery powder epsom salts ethanol

mercuric chloride potassium dichromate magnesium sulfate crude form of sodium carbonate cupric oxide graphite (carbon) barium sulfate chlorinated lime; calcium hypochlorite copper sulfate (crystals) lead sulfate nickel sulfate copper sulfate (crystals) copper sulfate copper sulfate crude calcium phosphate crude animal charcoal boric acid sodium borate; sodium tetraborate basic copper carbonate sulfur anhydrous potassium aluminum sulfate calcium oxide ferric oxide ferric oxide aqueous sodium chloride solution antimony trichloride anhydrous stannic chloride zinc chloride mercury chloride; mercurous chloride phenol carbon dioxide calcium hydroxide potassium hydroxide sodium hydroxide calcium carbonate sodium nitrate sodium nitrate basic lead chromate zinc oxide sodium hypochlorite calcium hypochlorite chromic potassium sulfate chromium oxide lead (VI) chromate chromium trioxide ferrous sulfate mercury (II) chloride chiefly aluminum oxide potassium bitartrate ferric oxide sodium carbonate sodium thiophosphate carbon crystal impure aluminum oxide magnesium sulfate ethyl alcohol

farina starch ferro prussiate potassium ferricyanide ferrum iron flores martis anhydride iron (III) chloride fluorspar natural calcium fluoride fixed white barium sulfate flowers of sulfur sulfur 'flowers of' any metal oxide of the metal formalin aqueous formaldehyde solution French chalk natural magnesium silicate French vergidris basic copper acetate galena natural lead sulfide Glauber's salt sodium sulfate green verditer basic copper carbonate green vitriol ferrous sulfate crystals gypsum natural calcium sulfate hard oil boiled linseed oil heavy spar barium sulfate hydrocyanic acid hydrogen cynanide hypo (photography) sodium thiosulfate solution Indian red ferric oxide Isinglass agar-agar gelatin jeweler's rouge ferric oxide killed spirits zinc chloride lampblack crude form of carbon; charcoal laughing gas nitrous oxide lead peroxide lead dioxide lead protoxide lead oxide lime calcium oxide lime, slaked calcium hydroxide limewater aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide liquor ammonia ammonium hydroxide solution litharge lead monoxide lunar caustic silver nitrate liver of sulfur sufurated potash lye or soda lye sodium hydroxide magnesia magnesium oxide manganese black manganese dioxide marble mainly calcium carbonate mercury oxide, black mercurous oxide methanol methyl alcohol methylated spirits methyl alcohol milk of lime calcium hydroxide milk of magnesium magnesium hydroxide milk of sulfur precipitated sulfur "muriate" of a metal chloride of the metal muriatic acid hydrochloric acid natron sodium carbonate nitre potassium nitrate nordhausen acid fuming sulfuric acid oil of mars deliquescent anhydrous iron (III) chloride oil of vitriol sulfuric acid oil of wintergreen (artificial) methyl salicylate orthophosphoric acid phosphoric acid Paris blue ferric ferrocyanide Paris green copper acetoarsenite

Paris white pear oil (artificial) pearl ash permanent white plaster of Paris plumbago potash potassa precipitated chalk Prussic acid pyro quicklime quicksilver red lead red liquor red prussiate of potash red prussiate of soda Rochelle salt rock salt rouge, jeweler's rubbing alcohol sal ammoniac sal soda salt, table salt of lemon salt of tartar saltpeter silica slaked lime soda ash soda nitre soda lye soluble glass sour water spirit of hartshorn spirit of salt spirit of wine spirits of nitrous ether sugar, table sugar of lead sulfuric ether talc or talcum tin crystals trona unslaked lime Venetian red verdigris Vienna lime vinegar vitamin C vitriol washing soda water glass white caustic white lead white vitriol

powdered calcium carbonate isoamyl acetate potassium carbonate barium sulfate calcium sulfate graphite potassium carbonate potassium hydroxide calcium carbonate hydrogen cyanide tetrasodium pyrophosphate calcium oxide mercury lead tetraoxide aluminum acetate solution potassium ferrocyanide sodium ferrocyanide potassium sodium tartrate sodium chloride ferric oxide isopropyl alcohol ammonium chloride sodium carbonate sodium chloride potassium binoxalate potassium carbonate potassium nitrate silicon dioxide calcium hydroxide sodium carbonate sodium nitrate sodium hydroxide sodium silicate dilute sulfuric acid ammonium hydroxide solution hydrochloric acid ethyl alcohol ethyl nitrate sucrose lead acetate ethyl ether magnesium silicate stannous chloride natural sodium carbonate calcium oxide ferric oxide basic copper acetate calcium carbonate impure dilute acetic acid ascorbic acid sulfuric acid sodium carbonate sodium silicate sodium hydroxide basic lead carbonate zinc sulfate crystals

yellow prussiate of potash yellow prussiate of soda zinc vitriol zinc white

potassium ferrocyanide sodium ferrocyanide zinc sulfate zinc oxide