Index

Index terms A
AASHTO T277 (chloride permeability) Abrasion resistance, LC Abrasion/erosion resistance Japanese applications ACI 213-77 ACI 318-89 compressive strength concrete contribution core strengths deflection development length hoop reinforcement modulus of elasticity shear strength slender column design tensile strength ACI Code 1983 ACI Standard 211.1 ACI-ASCE 351 ACI-ASCE 352 Admixtures effect on shrinkage Age, effect on fatigue Aggregates coarse 42 368 225 321 224 315 296 50 314 232 353 225 13 290 290 350 67 128 11 12 350 293 296 298 353 229 221 314 317 370 362 153 384 353 386

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399

400

Index terms
Aggregates (Continued) quality coarse/fine ratios effect on shrinkage effect of unit weight elastic modulus fine Air-entrainment frost resistance Alfes shrinkage model Ambient conditions, effect on shrinkage American Concrete Institute Committee 363 (1987) mix design procedures State of the Art Report (1984) see also ACI American Society for Testing and Materials. See ASTM Anchorage steel limits on length Annacis Bridge Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) ASTM C31 (test specimens) ASTM C39 (compressive strength) ASTM C78 (flexural loading test) ASTM C150 (Portland cement) ASTM C172 (sampling) ASTM C173 (air content) ASTM C469 (static modulus) ASTM C470 (molds) ASTM C496 (splitting tension test) ASTM C512 (creep test) 227 315 336 375 19 20 46 3 366 363 50 19 46 356 29 16 66 288 346 13 348 148 90 66 31 2 46

Links

351 350 363

40 48 69

388 23 321

366 353

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401

Index terms
ASTM C567 (unit weight) ASTM C617 (capping practice) ASTM C618 (fly ash) ASTM C666 (freeze/thaw resistance) ASTM C989 (blast furnace slag) ASTM E119 (fire resistance) Autogenous shrinkage Axial loading, effect of 366 43 4 148 4 152 71 279

Links
321 358

B
Barenblatt model Beam-column joints/connections deformability Beams deflection ductility flexure prestressed shear Biaxial loading, effect of Blaine finenesses Blast furnace slag limitations on use Bond properties interfacial reinforcing-steel Bridge structures Japan lightweight concrete rehabilitation of Brittleness 130 131 334 379 369 370 189 196 198 381 383 227 222 249 219 229 224 129 3 7 7 349 227 176 232 290

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402

Index terms C
Calorimeter test, semi-adiabatic Canadian Portland Cement Association Canadian Standards Association (CSA) mold materials Standard A23.5 Capping compounds Capping systems, unbonded Carbonate resistance Carbonation, effect on shrinkage CEB-FIP Model Code (Comit European du Beton Federation Internationale de la Precontrainte) Cement chemical composition effect of type on shrinkage Portland fineness high silica modulus See also Supplementary cementitious materials Cement paste interfaces aggregate hydrated pozzolanic materials CESAR-LCPC finite-element model Chemical resistance Chloride penetration Chloride permeability Chloride-binding CMOD (crack-mouth opening displacement) Cohesive crack models Column ties 131 130 130 107 149 144 370 144 185 176 217 4 67 3 3 4 175 321 4 21 21 361 67 72 13

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181

349

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403

Index terms
Columns axially-loaded deformability. See under Deformability, columns eccentrically-loaded slenderness effects Compression, cyclic Compressive strain Compressive strength development of high strength lightweight concrete as measure of quality Compressive stress distribution columns Concrete composition, effect on fracture Concrete confinement, effect of Concrete contribution, shear resistance Condensed silica fume (CSF) chemical resistance drying creep effect on corrosion resistance effect on durability effect on finishes flexural strength Confinement pressure Confinement reinforcement. See Reinforcement, confinement Construction procedures consolidation crack reduction finishing puddling Contact zone, lightweight concrete Core strengths 364 319 319 319 318 344 321 230 231 121 221 40 35 342 28 219 230 192 281 224 5 150 93 143 140 319 49 281 214

Links

352

229 32 95 144 36 47

320

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404

Index terms
Corrosion resistance high strength lightweight concrete Crack band model (CBM) Crack models cohesive effective fictitious Crack propagation. See Fracture mechanics Crack resistance Crack width, effect on corrosion resistance Crack-bridging Crack-shielding Creep basic analytical models effect of loading age effect of microstructure effect of mix design under high stress deformation drying high-strength lightweight concrete long-term loading Critical strain energy release ratio (G) CTOD (crack-tip opening displacement) Curing techniques Curvature ductility Cyclic loading, effect of 82 82 80 81 82 315 92 356 218 165 178 18 270 218 188 147 166 167 176 181 176 143 361 177

Links

84

95

183 38 129

D
Darcy's process Deflection ductility 71 263 272

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405

Index terms
Deformability beam-column joints columns applied loading concrete confinement effect of concrete type lightweight concrete beams under monotonic loading under reversed cyclic loading normal weight concrete beams under monotonic loading under reversed cyclic loading Deformation creep instantaneous long-term Densified Systems of homogeneously arranged ultra-fine Particles (DSP) Density reduction, methods of Desiccation/drying process Development length. See Anchorage, limits on length Diaphragm walls, Japan Displacement ductility ratio Drying shrinkage Ductility beam displacement increasing indices Durability high strength lightweight concrete Dynamic elastic modulus 383 273 87 189 249 87 196 239 139 357 54 376 341 70 239 260 50 315 315 315 263 269 290 274 279 281 286

Links

108

378 71 86

274 363 258

270

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406

Index terms E
Early strength development East Huntington Bridge Effective crack models Elastic matching Elastic mismatching Elastic modulus Electrical resistivity, effect on corrosion resistance End conditions, effect of Energy dissipation capacity Exchange reaction corrosion 7 336 181 347 348 50 145 20 302 149

Links

316 43

346

353

F
f-N curve. See S-N relationships Fatigue damage Fatigue life Fatigue loading failure Fatigue strength Federal Post Office and Office Building, New York City Federation Internationale de la Precontrainte (FTP), Manual of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Fibers, use of Pick's process Fictitious crack model (FCM) Field control. See Construction procedures FIP/CEB State-of-the-Art Report Fire resistance Flexural fatigue Flexural strength Flexural tension 1 150 124 48 59 228 347 196 72 176 197 115 116 115 120 118 367 121 124 219 118 119 128

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407

Index terms
Flexure, beam. See Beams, flexure Flexure-shear cracking Fly ash drying creep limitations on use Fracture energy Fracture mechanics applications materials engineering shear failure structural analysis ideal-brittle interfacial linear elastic mixed-mode parameters stochastic models Fracture process zone Fracture tests, field and core-based Free water, effect on fracture Freeze/thaw resistance high-strength lightweight concrete Frost resistance 196 198 197 165 195 162 194 192 195 165 195 194 7 357 148 228 6 93 7 172 161

Links

95

166

358 358

G
Global load-deformation response Glomar Beaufort Sea Goodman diagram, modified Griffith (ideal-brittle) fracture 180 1 120 165 337 121

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408

Index terms H
Hardening kinetics Heat development, setting Heat of hydration effect of High performance concrete applications definition Japanese definitions three-phase modelling High-range water reducers (HRWR) High-rise buildings comparative heights Interfirst Plaza, Dallas Japan Lake Point Tower, Chicago Miglin-Beitler Building, Chicago South East Asia 311 South Wacker Drive, Chicago Texas Commerce Tower, Houston Two Prudential Plaza, Chicago Two Union Square, Seattle Use of HSLC Water Tower Place, Chicago 225 West Wacker Drive, Chicago HSLC (high strength lightweight concrete) applications laboratory testing programs materials for physical properties HSNWC (high strength normal weight concrete) HTS (Haute Teneur en Silica) cement 337 1 375 2 8 306 306 329 386 323 332 393 330 328 329 332 368 326 331 341 366 351 349 352 341 5 75 72 70 318

Links

71

72

16 317

87 322

319

388

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409

Index terms
Hume pipes Humidity, effect on fracture Hydration process Hysteresis loops 391 194 71 299

Links

302

I
Ice abrasion In-place strengths Interfacial fracture Interferometry, use in stress-strain studies Interfirst Plaza, Dallas 155 321 195 58 329 180

J
Japan, applications in Japan Society of Civil Engineering (JSCE) Joigny Bridge 375 375 107 336 379

L
Laboratory control Laboratory testing programs Lake Point Tower, Chicago Lateral steel, effect of LC (lightweight concrete) Le Chatelier's contraction Leaching corrosion LEFM (Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics) Lightweight aggregate, pore system Lignosulfonate-based superplasticizers Loading history effect on fracture effect of 194 281 365 351 323 215 341 70 149 162 343 8

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410

Index terms
Loading platens, effect of Loading rate effect on fracture effect of Loading waveforms, effect of LWA (lightweight aggregate) 193 127 128 341 23

Links

281

M
Marine structures. See Offshore structures Materials engineering, use of fracture mechanics Materials selection Melamine sulfonate superplasticizers Melment (superplasticizer) Member size, effect on shrinkage Microcracking Microstructure Miglin-Beitler Building, Chicago Mix design/proportions Mixed-mode fracture Modulus of elasticity high strength lightweight concrete Modulus of rupture. See Flexural strength Moisture condition, effect on fatigue Molds, specimen 128 19 41 321 196 2 8 8 66 140 80 332 13 194 50 353 316 346 166 196 360

N
900 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago Naphthalene sulfonate superplasticizers North Pier Tower, Chicago Notch sensitivity Nuclear containment structure, Civaux 323 9 368 169 102

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411

Index terms
NWA (normal weight aggregate) NWC (normal weight concrete) 341 341

Links

O
Offshore structures oil drilling rigs use of high strength lightweight concrete Oxygen availability, effect on corrosion resistance 337 383 369 147

P
Palmgren-Miner (P-M) hypothesis Parking decks, rehabilitation Particulate composite, elastic compatability Pavement life Permeability high strength lightweight concrete PHSC (Pretensioned High Strength Concrete) Piles, Japan Plastic settlement cracks Plastic shrinkage cracks Poisson's ratio high strength lightweight concrete Polymer impregnated concrete (PIC) Portland cement. See Cement, Portland Precast structures, HSLC Prestressed concrete beams/girders Prestressed structures, high strength lightweight concrete Proportioning rules Puddling Pullout failure (reinforcing bar) Pumping, concrete 366 229 366 363 318 132 364 334 117 370 345 153 139 359 388 388 320 319 59 354 376 390 155 149 359

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412

Index terms Q
Quality control procedures 17

Links
320

R
R-curve models (fracture resistance) Rehabilitation procedures Reinforcement column ties column transverse confinement volumetric ratio high-strength spiral steel-concrete bond web Research programs Rest periods, effect of Retarders Reversed loading, effect of Revibration Richmond-Adelaide Centre, Toronto RILEM draft recommendation 217 285 281 281 283 217 131 225 351 127 11 126 320 323 185 187 227 286 181 370 190

S
S-N relationships (stress/fatigue) Salt scaling Sedimentation Seismic region construction Self-desiccation shrinkage Serviceability monitoring Setting process 118 148 70 309 70 107 70 71 75 80

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413

Index terms
Shear failure, use of fracture mechanics Shear strength design Shear stress, effect of Shrinkage autogenous. See Self-desiccation shrinkage drying high strength lightweight concrete Silica fume. See Condensed silica fume (CSF) Singular closing pressure models Size effect method Slabs, structural South East Asia, applications in 311 South Wacker Drive, Chicago Specimens end conditions molds for size Spiral reinforcement Splitting tensile strength Static elastic modulus Steel. See Reinforcement Steel ratio, balanced Stirrups, use of Strain capacity Strain ductility ratio Strain gauges, use in stress-strain studies Strategic Highway Research Program SHRP-C-205 Strength. See Compressive strength Strength ceiling, high strength lightweight concrete Strength development, Japanese methods Strength/density (S/D) ratio. See Structural efficiency 342 376 221 224 55 274 59 1 20 19 20 217 46 50 178 186 229 376 330 71 354 198 314 280 66

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354 87

393

43 41 286 321

27

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414

Index terms
Stress gradient, effect of Stress histories Stress-opening relation Stress-strain behaviour comparative curves in compression in flexural tension high strength lightweight concrete tensile in tension Structural analysis and design, use of fracture mechanics Structural efficiency Superplasticizers. See high-range water reducers Supplementary cementitious materials benefits of content Swelling corrosion 4 16 156 149 238 55 59 354 179 57 197 341 127 116 179

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183

32

349

350

T
Temperature during setting effect on crack resistance See also Thermal properties Tensile strength direct high strength lightweight concrete indirect Tension, cyclic Tension test, uniaxial Test ages Test specimens see Specimens Testing machines 22 45 352 46 124 179 18 8 194 72

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415

Index terms
Testing procedures Texas Commerce Tower, Houston Thermal cracking reduction of Thermal gradients, control of Thermal properties high strength lightweight concrete Toughening, See Crack-shielding Transition zone, microstructure Two parameter fraction model (TPFM) Two Prudential Plaza, Chicago Two Union Square, Seattle 140 184 329 332 320 328 74 102 318 97 356

Links

V
Vertical load transmission 317

W
Water Tower Place, Chicago Water/binder (w/b) ratio. See Water/cementitious (w/c) ratio Water/cementious (w/c) ratio effect on shrinkage Web reinforcement Web-shear cracking 225 West Wacker Drive, Chicago Wnuk model Wohler's curve. See S-N relationships Work-of-fracture 174 13 66 225 228 331 176 227 32 326

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