SORINA POSTOLEA

ENGLISH FOR SOCIAL SOCIAL SCIENCES SCIENCES

UNIT 13

UNIT 13
Observai cu atenie frazele de mai jos: Yesterday, I was doing my homework when he came. She skied two weeks ago. She was skiing when she broke her leg. They swam a lot during their holiday. They were swimming when they saw a shark. Ce deosebiri remarcai ntre formele ngroate? I did my homework yesterday.

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TRECUTUL CONTINUU (PAST TENSE CONTINUOUS)

Trecutul continuu se formeaz dup reguli asemntoare was/were was/were was/were was/were verb-ING doing flying speaking prezentului continuu:

to do to fly to speak

I was doing they were flying she was speaking

Trecutul continuu este asemntor cu imperfectul din limba romn, exprimnd aciuni n aflate n desfurare sau continue n trecut: Pe axa timpului, locul trecutului continuu ar fi urmtorul:

I spoke with him yesterday.

I am speaking now.

Future

Past

I was speaking when

I speak English.

Forme negative i interogative: Infinitiv to run to call to arrive to take Afirmativ You were running She was calling They were arriving He was taking Negativ WAS/WERE NOT You were not (werent) running She was not (wasnt) calling They were not (werent) arriving He was not (wasnt) taking Interogativ WAS/WERE + Subiect Were you running? Was she calling? Were they arriving? Was he taking?

EXERCIII: 1. Completai spaiile cu trecutul continuu pentru a descrie situaia: On that day, when I stepped outside, the sun ____ (to shine) and my children ____ (to play) in the courtyard. The birds ____ (to sing), the leaves ____ (to sway) in the soft wind. Two of my neighbours ____ (to jog). My wife ____ (to mow) the lawn. Our dog ____ (to chase) his tail while our cat ____ (to trail) a mouse. I ____ (to wear) my best shoes and I ___ (to tread) carefully because I didnt want to ruin them.
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SORINA POSTOLEA

ENGLISH FOR SOCIAL SOCIAL SCIENCES SCIENCES

UNIT 13

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2. Completai spaiile cu trecutul continuu pentru a descrie situaia: When Johnny his mother/to cook/dinner His mother was cooking dinner. came home his sisters/to watch /TV ________ his brother/to play/a game ______ from school: his father/to read/a novel _______ his cousins/to listen/music ______ his oncle/to talk/the phone ______ his aunt/to peel/potatoes _______ his girlfriend/to wait/him _______ his grandmother/to sleep _______ 3. Rspundei negativ la ntrebri, dup model: Were you listening to music? (to paint) -> No, I wasnt. I was painting. 1) Was he studying? (to cook). 2) Were they coming home? (to go out). 3) Was it snowing that day? (to rain). 4) Were you standing? (to sit). 5) Was she swimming? (to sunbathe). 6) Were they fighting? (just to talk). 7) Was she winning? (to lose). 8) Were you learning? (to play). ADVERBE DE MOD (ADVERBS OF MANNER)
Adverbele de mod rspund la ntrebarea cum ? i aproape toate se formeaz pornind de la un adjectiv, dup urmtoarea regul : ADJECTIV + LY => ADVERB beautiful beautifully final finally + ly => sad sadly slow slowly Nu toate adjectivele pot fi transformate n adverbe prin aceast regul. Este i cazul celor care se termin deja n -ly. Pentru a suplini aceast lacun, englezii folosesc alte adverbe cu sens similar: pentru adjectivul likely, se folosete adverbul probably, pentru adjectivul friendly, de exemplu, se folosete expresia in a friendly way/manner. De obicei, adverbele de manier se traduc n limba romn cu ajutorul expresiilor ntr-un mod, ntr-o manier REGULI DE ORTOGRAFIE y final se transform n i: happy -> happily e final este reinut naintea sufixului ly: extreme -> extremely. Excepie fac adjectivele true, due, whole, care devin truly, duly, wholly. adjectivele care se termin cu o consoan + le pierd e-ul, care se transform n y: gentle -> gently, simple -> simply.

Atenie! Adverbul corespunztor adjectivului good (bun) este well (bine).

She is a good student. She drives well.

4. Completai cu adjectivul sau adverbul corespunztor, n funcie de context. Traducei apoi ambele propoziii: 1) You have a ___ (beautiful) dress. 2) The teacher told them to do their homework ___ (careful). 3) The salesman had a ___ (bad) day. 4) She didnt wait ___ (long) enough. 5) They sang ___ (awful) at that concert. 6) Turn ___ when you reach the end of this road. 7) My father asked me to be ___ (cautious). 8) We prepared the presentation ___ (meticulous). 9) They were driving ___ (fast). 10) Their therapist advised them to behave ___ (polite). 11) Her husband bought a ___ (fast) car. 12) Her parents were ___ (happy) married. 13) They wanted to go as ___ (far) as possible. 14) She told the ___ (true) story to the policemen. 15) The view from our balcony was ___ (charming).
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SORINA POSTOLEA

ENGLISH FOR SOCIAL SOCIAL SCIENCES SCIENCES

UNIT 13

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5. Transformai propoziiile dup exemplul de mai jos, fiind ateni la adverbele de mod i la timpul verbal. Angela is a careful driver. -> She drives carefully. 1) John is a thorough worker. 2) James and Mary are good designers. 3) Your sister became a keen student. 4) We are fanatical players of tennis. 5) Jane is a compassionate helper of the poor. 6) Her friend was a brilliant opera singer. 7) The prime-minister is a skillful negotiator. 8) Their psychologist is a proficient conflict mediator) 9. Our senator was an astute speaker. 10) Their PR agent is a good presenter of facts.
P h r a s a l v e r b s TO TAKE to take AWAY = to remove Take away these tables! to take OFF = to leave The thieves took off quickly. to take UP = to start She takes up ballet lessons.

6. Completai cu prepoziia potrivit: 1) When she came, her rival took ___. 2) The border police took ___ his passport. 3) My boss arrived and I couldnt take ___ earlier. 4) She wants to take ___ a new career. 5) The child got upset and took all his toys ___.6) They took ___ their jobs.

Protecting deaf and disabled children

Deaf and disabled children are often more vulnerable to abuse. Disabled children particularly need greater protection because they are often dependent on others for eating, dressing, toileting and getting around. Although the great majority of carers have the child's best interests at heart, some will use their vulnerability as an opportunity to abuse. Sometimes, it can be hard to tell when a disabled child is being abused. Some people think a child is behaving differently just because of his or her disability - not realising that they are being abused. Many disabled children have communication difficulties, like deafness or speech problems. Some disabled children lack the personal, social and sexual education to know that they are being abused. It's very important that they are taught about abusive behaviour and shown how they can communicate their experiences if it happens to them. Disabled children may not be able to tell you they are being abused. Here are some warning signs to look out for: sudden unexplained changes in behaviour, signs of general distress or agitation, unexplained marks or bruising, sexualised behaviour, loss of appetite, self-harming.
http://www.nspcc.org.uk

VOCABULAR
1. n ce privine sunt dependeni de ceilali copiii cu dizabiliti? 2. Ce fel de educaie le lipsete copiilor cu dizabiliti? 3. Completai frazele cu cuvinte i expresii din text: 1) Communication difficulties in disabled children include _____ . 2) Unexplained changes in behaviour are a _____ sign for abuse. 3) Most carers have the childs best _____ . 4) Many disabled children experience _____ difficulties. 5) Some people use the _____ of disabled children as an opportunity to abuse.

greater mai mare/mult dependent on dependent de carer ngrijitor speech problems probleme de vorbire distress suferin bruising zgrieturi appetite poft de mncare

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SORINA POSTOLEA

ENGLISH FOR SOCIAL SOCIAL SCIENCES SCIENCES

UNIT 13

Page | 4

Expresii utile blindness cecitate an impaired person o persoan cu deficiene deafness surditate sign language limbajul semnelor deaf-mute surdo-mut hearing aid protez auditiv there's none so deaf as those who will not hear e surd doar cel care nu ascult

ZI DE ZI
THANKS

Cultural comparison
Most languages have an automatic response to thanks. The British do not automatically respond to thanks, but the Americans do. A response is not necessary in British English, but is becoming more frequent. In the past, Youre welcome sounded very American. Nowadays it is common in Britain too. Remember that Please is not an acceptable response to thanks in either Britain or the USA. PATIENT: Can I see the doctor this morning? RECEPTIONIST: I think she is fully booked. But Ill just check for you. PATIENT: Thanks. Id appreciate it. RECEPTIONIST: No, I am sorry. There arent any free appointments until next week PATIENT: Oh, dear. Well, thanks anyway. Bye. RECEPTIONIST: Bye. CUSTOMER: I am trying to find a book. It is called Making Your First Million by Robin Banks. BOOKSELLER: Ill check on the computer for you. CUSTOMER: Thank you. BOOKSELLER: Well, it is not in stock Maybe we can order it CUSTOMER: Thats very kind of you. BOOKSELLER: Mmm. No, sorry, it is not here. It must be out of print. CUSTOMER: Oh, well. Never mind. Thanks for looking. BOOKSELLER: Youre welcome. Thanking someone Thanking someone who tries Responding to thanks to help (but who does not succeed) Thanks. Thanks anyway. Youre welcome. (US) Thank you. Thank you for (looking). Not at all. (formal, UK) Thanks a lot. Thanks for (trying). Dont mention it. Thank you very much. It doesnt matter. Thanks. (Its) my pleasure. It was very kind of you. Never mind. Thanks. It was nothing. I appreciate your help. No problem. Youve been very helpful. Any time. 1. Suntei client i dorii s cumprai o carte. Colegul dumneavoastr e vnztor n librrie. Dialogai folosind formule precum Could you I would i formule de mulumire.

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SORINA POSTOLEA

ENGLISH FOR SOCIAL SOCIAL SCIENCES SCIENCES

UNIT 13

PUIN CULTUR
England (in Latin, Anglia), country and constituent part of the island of Great Britain. United as an independent monarchy in the 10th century, England in time achieved political control over the rest of the island, all the British Isles, and vast sections of the Page | 5 world, becoming the nucleus of one of the largest empires in history. The capital, largest city, and chief port of England is London the capital of the United Kingdom. One of the principal physiographical features of England is the deeply indented coastline. This has created an abundance of excellent natural harbours, easily accessible to deep-water shipping, a factor that was decisive in the economic development and imperial expansion of England. England was divided into 39 non-metropolitan counties, 6 metropolitan counties, and Greater London (established in 1965 as a separate administrative entity). The counties were Seven Sisters East Sussex subdivided into a total of about 330 districts, which together were further divided into some 10,000 parishes. physiographical features trsturi ale reliefului indented frmiat harbour port shipping navigare county ~ jude parish parohie

1. Identificai cele mai cunoscute locuri din Anglia:

Roman Baths | Windsor Castle | Hadrians Wall | Stonehenge The White Cliffs of Dover | Cambridge University

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__________

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Roman Baths

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