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Day in Health
by Lisa Collier Cool
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People at high risk for heart attacks, strokes, and death from heart disease can significantly cut their risk if they eat a Mediterranean diet thats high in fish, nuts, fruits, vegetables, olive oil, and even red wine, according to a major new study published in New England Journal of Medicine. This groundbreaking research is the first large, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the diets effects on cardiovascular risk, and the results were so dramatic that they amazed experts. In fact, the study was halted early (after 4.8 years) because the benefits of this eating plan were so obvious that it would be unethical to continue. The study included 7,447 participants who were randomly assigned to eat one of three diets: a Mediterranean diet including extra virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet including extra nuts, or a low-fat diet. The researchers found that eating a Mediterranean diet reduced overall risk for major cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke or death from cardiovascular causes) by 28 to 30 percent, compared to a low-fat diet. The researchers reported the following results: Eating a Mediterranean diet reduced overall risk for major cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke or death A Mediterranean diet including extra servings of nuts cut stroke risk by 46 percent. A Mediterranean diet including extra servings of extra virgin olive oil trimmed stroke risk by 33 percent. What was particularly impressive was the diet powerfully lowered cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk even though most of those who followed it were already taking statins, ACE inhibitors, diabetes medications, or other drugs to cut their heart disease danger.
In addition, the study participants were all at very high risk for CVD, due to being diabetic or having at least three major risk factors, such as smoking, high blood pressure, obesity, high cholesterol, or a family history of developing CVD at an early age. None of the participants had CVD at the start of the study. What Causes Erectile Dysfunction?
The group who ate extra nuts also had a 30 percent lower rate of heart attacks, compared to the low-fat group, but the drop wasnt large enough to be statistically significant. Overall, both groups who ate a Mediterranean diet had about a 30 percent reduction in major cardiovascular events. In earlier studies, nuts have been shown to have several protective powers, adds Dr. Bale. We known that nuts are particularly effective at reducing high blood pressure, which is the number one risk factor for stroke, and can also improve the health of the endothelium (blood vessel lining), making arteries more resistant to plaque buildup. In addition, nuts have powerful antioxidant properties, adds Dr. Bale. This study gives a very strong signal that people can significantly reduce stroke risk by eating nuts. The study design is impressive because the researchers controlled for all sorts of cardiovascular risks and also used lab tests to make sure people were eating the assigned diet. 23 Diet Plans Reviewed: Do They Work?