Dr.

GeorgeGougoulidis
Voyageplanning
Slowsteaming Speedoptimization
Weatherrouteing
Justintime
Optimizedshaftpower
Optimumtrim
Optimumballast
Optimumuseofrudderandheadingcontrolsystems
Hullmaintenance
Propulsionsystemmaintenance(engines,propellers)
Trainingofpersonnel
Itcanencompassothermeasuressuchas
weatherrouteing,justintime,speed
optimization
Therearevarioussoftwareavailablefor
planningpurposes
Prevoyageanalysis&planning
Deployidealvesseltoeachroute
Designbestroutes
Planfor
Minimizingtime:recommendoptimumrouteto
meetearliestarrivaltime.
Minimizingfuelconsumption:recommendthe
optimumrouteandpowertoarriveontimewith
minimumfuelconsumption
Minimizingcost:recommendtheoptimumroute
andpowertoarriveonthebasisofminimumcost
Enrouterealtimeupdates
Postvoyageassessmentandfeedback
Speedoptimizationvs speedreduction
Reducingshipspeedeffectivelyreducesfuel
consumption
Propulsionpowervs.speedisathirdpower
relation
AstudyconductedbyIMOprovedthat
optimalspeedreductionisbetween1020%
Costeffectivenessof10%superiorto20%
Optimizationshouldbecarriedoutfortheoff
designconditions
Originallyexcellenthullforms,optimizedfor
designspeedanddraft,mayshowpoor
performancewhensailingatlowerspeeds,
especiallyinapartialloadingcondition
Optimumspeedmeansthespeedatwhichthe
fuelusedpertonne mileisminimum
Itdoesnotmeanminimumspeed
Sailingslowerthanoptimumspeedwillconsume
morefuel
Slowsteamingremainscontroversial,
especiallywitholderenginesnotoriginally
designedforthepractice
However,itremainstheeasysolutionof
copingwithunfavorablemarketconditions
Overcapacity lowfreightrates slow
steamingwillbecomeevenslowerandeven
moreprevalent
Userealtimedataofthephysical
environmenttochoosetheoptimal
routethroughcalmareas
Weatherrouteing canbeappliedto
allshiptypesandtradeareas
Theincreaseofresistancecausedby
heavyweatherdependsonthe
current,thewind,andthewavesize
Theresistanceinheadseascan
increasebyasmuchas50100%of
thetotalshipresistanceincalm
weather
Earlycommunicationwithportauthoritiesto
ensuretheexacttimeofberthavailabilityand
planforoptimumspeedtoarrivejustintime
Lessturnaroundtimeinportallowsforspeed
reductionwhileunderway
Appliestoshipswithscheduledoperations,such
asferriesandcontainervessels
Measuresforimprovementinclude:
Bettermaneuveringcapabilitiesoftheship
Increasedcargoflowbyusingsophisticatedship
systems,suchasramps,liftingequipment
Increasedcargoflowduetoimprovedport
loading/offloadingsystems
Theprovisionof
shoreside electrical
powertoashipat
berthwhileitsauxiliary
enginesareshutdown
Trimhasanimmediateeffectin
resistance
Foranygivendraftthereisatrim
conditionthatgivesminresistance
Severalsystemsinthemarket
Collectdatafromthevessel's
automationandnavigation
systemstooptimizetrim
GreenSteamOptimizer,Enirams
DynamicTrimmingAssistant,etc
Potentialsavingsupto4%
Autopilotscanachievefuelsavingsby
reducingthedistancesailedofftrack
Bettercoursecontrolthroughlessfrequent
andsmallercorrectionswillminimizelosses
duetorudderresistance
Hull
Regularinwaterinspectionoftheconditionofthe
hull
Monitoringofthefouling
Monitoringofthecoatingscondition
Cleaningofthehullwhenrequired
Dockingintervalsplanning
Completeremovalandapplicationofnewcoatingsfor
reductionofroughness
Propeller
Usediverstopolishthepropellerinregularintervals
whileshipisinservice
Physical
roughness
Macro
Welds
Corrosion
Plate
waviness
Platelaps
Mechanical
damage
Micro
Minor
corrosion
Steel
profile
Coatings
condition
Biological
roughness
Macro
Animal
fouling
Weed
fouling
Micro
Slime
fouling
IncreaseinResistance@15kt IncreaseinResistance@30kt
Inabsolutetermspropellerroughnessisless
importantthanhullroughness
Intermsofenergylossperunitareapropeller
roughnessissignificantlymoreimportant
Typicalcleaning
intervalsshouldbe:
6monthsforpropellers
2monthsforhull
(dependsoncoating
type)
MeasuredwithRubert Scale
Underwatercleaningcan
smoothenthepropellerby2
gradesoftheRubert scale
Frequentpropellercleaning
(every1or2months)canbe
easilydoneusingasoft
brushandabrasives
Enoughtokeepapropeller
atRubert GradeAorB
Cleaningtakeslesstimethanpolishing
Alargepropellercanbepolishedin~4h
Withregardtothefrequencyofpropeller
polishingthereisaconsensusof:littleand
oftenbyexperiencedandspecialized
personnel
Costofpropellercleaning(brush&abrasives)
1520%lessthanfullpolishingwithgrinding
orpolishingdiscs
Athermalapplicatormovingovertheunderwater
hull,deliveringathermalshockthatkillsallbio
fouling
Thethermalshockiscreatedby'lowflow'hotsea
water
Thedeadbiofouling
remainsattachedtothe
hulluntiltheshipis
underwayandremoved
bytheaccelerated
hydraulicforces
Noteffectiveonhard
foulingsuchas
barnacles
Followmanufacturersinstructionson
maintenanceschedule
Conditionbasedmaintenance
Maintenanceisperformedbasedoninformation
receivedbytheequipmentandonevaluationof
thisinformationbyexperts
Persuadethepersonnelofthenecessityof
energysavings
Createacultureoffuelsaving,withanincentive
orbonusbasedonfuelsavings
Altertheroutine
ShutdownACPlantwhentheweatherisgood
anduseonlytheblowers
Switchofflightsinareassuchascabins,
recreationrooms,messrooms,etc.whennot
required