Synthesis Ian Chou BB7 November 10, 2013

Introduction

In the modern day, polymers play an increasingly important role. MALDI MS is a tool for scanning and identifying organic polymers. This can be useful in identifying different polymers that occur in nature.1 Polymers can also be used to detect volatile chemicals and and nitrogen based explosives. These polymers exhibit a fluorescent behavior when with these chemicals and this can be critical to detecting explosives.2 Scientists have also found a way to use polymers that help with bone regeneration, which will allow bones to regenerate a lot faster.3 The purpose of this lab is to create dyes. Phenolphthalein, Fluorescein, and Methyl Red are the three dyes that will be synthesized. The second part of this lab is to create polymers. A polymer is a large molecule that is made of smaller monomers that repeat in a chain. The polymer that will be made is nylon. Slime is the second polymer that will be made in the lab. Materials and Methods4

Phenolphthalein Mix .03 g phenol with .03 phthalic anhydride in a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask Add 10 drops of H2SO4 and heat with Bunsen burner. Heat until a small amount of orange solution remains Add 15-20 mL of .1 M NaOH Add 1 mL of 5 M NaOH Fluorescein Mix .02 g resorcinol with .02 g phthalic anhydride

 Add 10 drops of H2SO4 Heat until solution becomes bright green Add 20 mL of .1 NaOH Methyl Red Dissolve .05 g anthranilic acid in 20 mL .5 M HCl Dissolve .08 g NaNO2 in 10 mL H2O Add solution drop by drop Add 3 drops of N,N-dimethylaniline and stir until red-orange Add NaOH to turn solution yellow Nylon Pour aqueous solution into a small beaker Layer the sebacyl chloride over the aqueous layer which will begin forming nylon Slowly draw out the nylon Slime Add food coloring to 50 mL PVA solution Pour into 10 mL of borax into solution Reagent Phenol Molar Mass (g/mol) 94.11 Density (g/mL) 1.07 Hazards Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive, irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (sensitizer, permeator). The amount of tissue damage depends on

length of contact. Eye contact can result in corneal damage or blindness Phthalic anhydride 148.1 1.53 Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive, irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (sensitizer, permeator). The amount of tissue damage depends on length of contact. Eye contact can result in corneal damage or blindness Slightly hazardous with skin contact and eye contact. Slightly hazardous with injestion Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive, irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant, corrosive), of ingestion, of inhalation Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation Very hazardous in case of ingestion.

H2SO4

98.09

1.84

NaOH

40

2.13

Anthranilic acid

137.136

1.4

N,N-dimethylaniline

121.19

.956

Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant), of inhalation. Sebacyl Chloride 239.14 1.12 Extremely hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant). Very hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact Hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant). Very hazardous in case of ingestion. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of inhalation.

Hexane

86.18

.654

Rhodamine

479.02

1.26

References

1. Characterizing Synthetic. Lindberg, Jenny. Lulea University of Technology. 2004.

2. Detection of Expl osives by Electric Noses. Tornheim, Jeffrey A. Tornheim et al. 2013 3. HA/nylon 6,6 porous scaffolds fabricated by salt-leaching/solvent casting technique: effect of nano-sized filler content on scaffold properties 4. Logan, Bruce E. American Chemical Society. 2001 5. An Introduction to Chemical Systems in the Laboratory. Halies, Hayden-McNeil; Plymouth, Michigan 2014.