Dam Monitoring in Laos

Theun Hinboun Power Company
Theun Hinboun Expansion Project
CONSTRUCTION
NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

C-CO-C-AGD-TR-014-A0
Date: 17/09/2011
Engineering Consultants:
Rev. A0
Main Contractor:
COYNE ET BELLIER
Bureau d'Ingnieurs Conseils
A0 Revision
17/09/11 Date
First Issue Subject of Revision
MLH Drafted
MBD Checked
MDC Approved
Theun Hinboun Expansion Project

Owner:
Theun Hinboun Power Company
Main Contractor:
COYNE ET BELLIER
Bureau d'Ingnieurs Conseils
CONSTRUCTION
Project Document Number: File Name: C-CO-C-AGD-TR-014-A0.doc
C-CO-C-AGD-TR-014-A0
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. 2. 3.
INTRODUCTION REFERENCES MAIN INSTRUMENTS 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 General Water pressure vibrating wire cells (electrical piezometers) PC Stand pipe piezometers PZ and DPZ Pendulums (plumb-lines) - PLD and PLV Thermometers T Levelling studs LS Surface movement markers MM Joint opening device JM V-Notch weirs for seepage measurement - MW Reservoir water level
1 1 2 2 4 6 9 12 15 15 15 16 17 18 18 19 19 19 20 21 22 22 22 22 23
September 2011
PRINCIPLE OF THE MONITORING 2.1 2.2 2.3 a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) Data to be collected Visual inspection Data processing Water pressure vibrating wire cells (electrical piezometers) PC Stand pipe piezometers PZ and DPZ Pendulums (plumb-lines) - PLD and PLV Thermometers T Levelling studs LS Surface movement markers MM Joint opening device JM V-Notch weirs for seepage measurement MW
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i) 3
Reservoir water level
23 24
MEASURING FREQUENCY
Appendix A: Monitoring system location Appendix B: Monitoring system - SISGEO Instruction Manual Appendix C: Devices Certificate Appendix D: Drilling and Verticality tests of Invert pendulums
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TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Dam monitoring - Instrument layout (plan view) ...................................................... 3 Figure 2: Section PC1 on the RB, ch. 0+160.......................................................................... 4 Figure 3: Section PC2 on the RB, ch. 0+220.......................................................................... 4 Figure 4: Section PC3 on the spillway, ch. 0+273 .................................................................. 5 Figure 5: Section PC4 on the spillway, ch. 0+328 .................................................................. 5 Figure 6: Section PC5 on the LB, ch. 0+385 .......................................................................... 5 Figure 7: Section PC6 on the LB, ch. 0+434 .......................................................................... 5 Figure 8: PZ 0+070 on the RB ............................................................................................... 6 Figure 9: PZ 0+110 on the RB ............................................................................................... 6 Figure 10: PZ 0+160 on the RB ............................................................................................. 6 Figure 11: DPZ 0+196 on the RB........................................................................................... 6 Figure 12: PZ 0+217.5 on the RB .......................................................................................... 6 Figure 13: PZ 0+230.5 and DPZ 0+235 on the RB................................................................. 6 Figure 14: DPZ 0+300 on the spillway ................................................................................... 7 Figure 15: PZ 0+347.4 and DPZ 0+350 on the LB ................................................................. 7 Figure 16: PZ 0+419 and DPZ 0+416 on the LB .................................................................... 7 Figure 17: PZ 0+440 on the LB .............................................................................................. 7 Figure 18: PZ 0+468 on the LB ch. 0+468 ......................................................................... 8 Figure 19: PZ 0+510.5 on the LB ch. 0+510.50................................................................... 8 Figure 20: The Pendulums elevation layout ........................................................................ 9 Figure 21: Cartesian axis system at the top of the hole........................................................ 10 Figure 22: Borehole profile survey ....................................................................................... 10 Figure 23: Detection of wire position at Hi depth .................................................................. 10 Figure 24: Detecting of the X and Y components at i depth.................................................. 11 Figure 25: Example of hole free section diagram ................................................................. 11 Figure 26: Thermometers Layout ...................................................................................... 12 Figure 27: Thermometers at ch. 0+160 ................................................................................ 13 Figure 28: Thermometers at ch. 0+211 ................................................................................ 13 Figure 29: Thermometers at ch. 0+290 ................................................................................ 13 Figure 30: Thermometers at ch. 0+330 ................................................................................ 13 Figure 31: Thermometers at ch. 0+354 ................................................................................ 13 Figure 32: Thermometers at ch. 0+374 ................................................................................ 13 Figure 33: Thermometers at ch. 0+411 ................................................................................ 14 Figure 34: Thermometers at ch. 0+450 ................................................................................ 14 Figure 35: Typical section - topographic monitoring ............................................................. 16 Figure 36: Studs for precision levelling and V-Notch weirs- Upstream view ......................... 16 Figure 37: Surface movement markers and stud - Downstream view................................... 17 Figure 38: Layout................................................................................................................. 17 Figure 39: Vibrating-wire piezometers.................................................................................. 19 Figure 40: Four reading positions......................................................................................... 21 Figure 41: 3D-joint meters and Dial gauge........................................................................... 22
Table 1: Data to be collected ............................................................................................... 18 Table 3: Monitoring of the dam during the first year or during period of brutal variation of water level (>5m in one week) and/or water discharge on the spillway ................................ 24 Table 4: Monitoring of the dam after the first year and with stable water level...................... 25
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Appendix
1. INTRODUCTION
This technical note describes the monitoring system of NG Dam. Its aim is to be part of the dam Operation and Maintenance Manual, regarding the monitoring system. Nota: the yellow part of this report will be updated later on with the as built drawings.
2. REFERENCES
[1] Employers Requirements Part A Paragraph 5.3 NG Dam, Spillway and low level outlet [2] Employers Requirements Part B Paragraph 4, 4.15 Design of drainage features and pressure relief well [3] C-CO-D-AGE-SP-002 NG Dam Instrumentation Technical Specifications [4] C-CM-C-MNG-QA-060 NG Dam Instrumentation Qualification dossier [5] C-CO-D-ADG-CA-001 Definition of NG Dam Monitoring system [6] C-CO-C-AGD-EQ-003 to 028 NG dam instrumentation drawings [7] C-CO-E-AGD-EQ-005, 006, 013 to 017 As Built - NG dam instrumentation drawings [8] C-CO-C-AGD-TR-007 NG Dam First impounding of NG dam reservoir [9] C-CO-C-AGD-CA-002 NG Dam Stability analysis of the dam [10] C-CO-C-AGD-CA-011 - Modeling of the underground water flow through the foundation of the dam [11] C-CO-C-AGD-TR-009 NG Dam - Adaptation of monitoring equipments for beginning of the impounding [12] INTERNATIONAL STANDARD - ISO 1438:2008 - Hydrometry Open channel flow measurement using thin-plate weirs
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Appendix
Main instruments
1.1
General
The following measuring devices are to be considered to monitor the NG dam (see [6] and [7]):
Dam monitoring: 25 Pressure cells (vibrating wire piezometer) 10 piezometers, D/S toe open pipe 5 direct piezometers from gallery with manometer 3 Direct pendulums 3 Invert pendulums 42 Thermometers PC PZ DPZ PLD PLV T
Topographic control: 51 levelling studs 20 surface movement markers 34 3D joint-meters LS MM (3D) JM
Water control: 6 seepage measuring weirs (V-Notch) Water level indicator: o o U/S (intake powerhouse) Reservoir Water Level D/S (Spillway LB abutment) Tail Water Level RWL TWL MW
Each device, drain and block is clearly identified and numbered. Technical description of the devices, provided by the supplier Sisgeo can be found in appendix.
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Appendix
Figure 1: Dam monitoring - Instrument layout (plan view)

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Appendix
1.2
Water pressure vibrating wire cells (electrical piezometers) PC
Vibrating wire piezometers are installed in the foundation at the locations shown on the Figure 1. Foundation cells are installed in 90 mm diameter boreholes at elevations shown on Figure 2 to Figure 7. These piezometers are required to monitor uplift pressures on the dam foundation particularly during the first filling and subsequently. The majority of the pressure cells are located at the contact dam/foundation to monitor the pore-water pressure in the nearest vicinity of the NG dam. The few PC cells in the deeper foundation are required to monitor uplift pressures on the dam foundation and to confirm the efficiency of the grout curtain and the drainage of the deep foundation. At each chainage, switch terminal boxes are placed in order to connect the Pressure cells (6 boxes in the lower gallery, 2 boxes in the upper gallery).
Figure 2: Section PC1 on the RB, ch. 0+160
Figure 3: Section PC2 on the RB, ch. 0+220 PC2-PC3 and PC2-PC1 shall be inverted
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Appendix
Figure 4: Section PC3 on the spillway, ch. 0+273
Figure 5: Section PC4 on the spillway, ch. 0+328
Figure 6: Section PC5 on the LB, ch. 0+385
Figure 7: Section PC6 on the LB, ch. 0+434
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Appendix
1.3
Stand pipe piezometers PZ and DPZ
15 nos. stand pipe piezometers are installed to monitor the water pressure condition in NG Dam foundation, completing and cross-checking data recorded by the vibrating wire cells. Foundation stand pipe are installed in 120 mm diameter boreholes at elevations shown on Figure 8 to Figure 19. These piezometers are: drilled (vertical) from natural ground at downstream dam toe (10 units), and to be read with a water depth portable measuring probe PZ. drilled from the gallery, inclined, closed by a manometer, (5 units) DPZ.
Piezometers consist of a porous intake connected to the ground surface by a riser pipe. The pore water pressure can be observed by the use of different measuring system, in NG dam a manual system has been foreseen by means of sounding lead.
Figure 8: PZ 0+070 on the RB
Figure 11: DPZ 0+196 on the RB
Figure 12: PZ 0+217.5 on the RB
Figure 13: PZ 0+230.5 and DPZ 0+235 on the RB
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Appendix
Figure 14: DPZ 0+300 on the spillway
Figure 15: PZ 0+347.4 and DPZ 0+350 on the LB
Figure 17: PZ 0+440 on the LB Figure 16: PZ 0+419 and DPZ 0+416 on the LB
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Appendix
Figure 18: PZ 0+468 on the LB ch. 0+468
Figure 19: PZ 0+510.5 on the LB ch. 0+510.50
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Appendix
1.4
Pendulums (plumb-lines) - PLD and PLV
Pendulum monitoring devices are installed in different profile of the dam, as shown on the Figure 1. Each profile shall be equipped with an inverted pendulum, allowing to control the displacement of the dam base compared to the foundation, and a direct pendulum to control the displacement of the top of the dam in comparison with the dam base. Total of 3 direct and 3 indirect pendulums, with reading devices are installed in the dam. One intermediated reading is performed on the direct pendulum at ch. 0+366. See Figure 20.
Figure 20: The Pendulums elevation layout After the installation of the casing of the invert pendulums, a verticality test was made in order to check the borehole profile survey. The most important aspect is to be sure that the steel wire doesnt touch the hole wall.
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Appendix
The following procedure was implemented: 1) At the top of the casing, two wires were installed in order to obtain a simple cartesian axis system that will give the position of the hole center.
Figure 21: Cartesian axis system at the top of the hole 2) A piece of steel with concrete inside, hung from a 3 mm diameter steel wire fixed at the gallery roof, was placed inside the hole. 3) The distance h between the pulley axis and the grid on the top of the hole was measured. 4) The weight was stopped every meter in the borehole. For each depth i, the measurements Xi and Yi, distance of the wire from the two axes, were recorded (see Figure 23).
Figure 22: Borehole profile survey
Figure 23: Detection of wire position at Hi depth
5) On a graph, the position of the hole centers in the horizontal plane at each depths is calculated according to the following formula:
Cx i =
(h + H i ) X i h
and
Cy i =
( h + H i )Yi h
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Appendix
Figure 24: Detecting of the X and Y components at i depth 6) Once reported the center hole positions at each depth, its possible to draw the related circumferences. The area common to all circumferences is the hole free section and the coordinometer have to be mounted exactly over it.
Figure 25: Example of hole free section diagram
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Appendix
1.5
Thermometers T
Thermometers installed in different sections of the dam, as shown on the drawings. The Thermometers read 2-hourly for the first week after installation, 6-hourly for the next three weeks and daily for the next five months. The reading is then on a weekly basis. The Thermometers control the peak temperature during setting of the concrete and later on allows to understand when the dam has reached is maturity, and that the temperature in its body is only influenced by the external seasonal and water from the reservoir temperatyre effect. Total of 42 Thermometers are installed in the dam (Temperature range: 5 - 50 C). Switch terminal boxes shall be placed in order to connect the Thermometers. See Figure 26 to Figure 34.
Figure 26: Thermometers Layout

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Appendix
Figure 27: Thermometers at ch. 0+160
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Appendix
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Appendix
1.6
Levelling studs LS
Lines of levelling studs are placed on different dam locations. Levelling studs are located, according to the drawings [6], as follows: 6 levelling downstream heel; 22 levelling along the galleries, one per block, fixed to the roof; 23 levelling studs on the dam crest (one per block).
A total of 51 levelling studs are provided (see Figure 35, Figure 36 and Figure 37).
1.7
Surface movement markers MM
Lines of survey points are located as defined on the drawing [6], at different places of the dam. The survey points are the supports for corner prisms able of reflecting signals from the total station and are securely fixed to the dam. The survey points are placed on the downstream face of the dam and on the dam crest at various emplacements (see Figure 35 and Figure 37). A total of 20 supports for corner prism and the total station device are provided. Two reference survey pillars are installed on both banks at the locations indicated on the drawing [6].
1.8
Joint opening device JM
Joint opening devices (3D) allowing read the opening of dam vertical joints in three directions are installed in upper and lower gallery at the location indicated on the drawing [6]. The number of 3D joint opening device have been modified due to adjustment of the monitoring installation to allow impounding to proceed while monitoring apparatus are still under installation. A total of 34 3D joint meters are installed (21 in the upper gallery and 13 in the lower gallery).
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Appendix
1.9
V-Notch weirs for seepage measurement - MW

The weir is
The measurement canal bottom has a 1-3% slope towards the weir axis. perfectly vertical and perpendicular in relation to the canal axis.
The staff gauge is fixed at the wall of the stilling basin. The measurement will be carried out with manual readings of the H value, directly on the staff gauge. 6 (six) seepage measurements are installed in the dam galleries as shown on the drawing [6], in order to measure seepage in the dam (see Figure 35 and Figure 36): two seepage measurement on gallery weirs in the upper gallery; four seepage measurement on both sides of the sump pit in the lower gallery. The purpose of the weir is to measure the instantaneous flow. Level variations will be measured by means of water level measuring rod staff gauge (manual measurement of the basin variations).
Figure 35: Typical section - topographic monitoring
Figure 36: Studs for precision levelling and V-Notch weirs- Upstream view
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Appendix
Figure 37: Surface movement markers and stud - Downstream view
Figure 38: Layout
1.10 Reservoir water level

Staff gauges are installed on the upstream and downstream part of the dam (intake powerhouse and LB spillway abutment) so that manual readings are possible of reservoir level and tailwater level. See drawing [6].
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Appendix
PRINCIPLE OF THE MONITORING
2.1
Data to be collected
The data collected for the monitoring are: manual measures: o 15 piezometers: 10 piezometers, D/S toe open pipe 5 direct piezometers from gallery with manometer o o o o o o 14 coordinates from the pendulums 51 levelling data (vertical displacement Z) 60 (= 3 X 20) topographic data (X, Y and Z) 102 (= 3 x 34) data from the 9 3Djoint-meters 6 seepage measuring weirs (V-Notch) water level upstream and downstream PZ DPZ PLD & PLV LS MM JM MW RWL & TWL
Electrical measures first with data logger: o o 25 Pressure Cells (vibrating wire piezometer) 42 Thermometers PC T
Meteorological data: o o minimum and maximum temperature daily rain Number of data 25 15 8 (2 x 4) 6 (2 x 3) 42 51 (Z) 60 (X, Y & Z) 33 (11 x 3) 6 2
Measure Uplift pressure Water table Displacement of the top of the dam in comparison with the dam base Displacement of the dam base compared to the foundation Temperature inside the RCC Topo: Vertical displacement Topo: Movement of the dam Monitoring of joints Leakage monitoring Water level US and DS
Device 25 pressure cells 15 piezometers 3 direct pendulums (included one intermediated reading) 3 invert pendulums 42 Thermometers 51 studs 20 movement markers 9 3Djoint-meters 6 seepage measuring weirs (V-Notch) 2 staff gauges Table 1: Data to be collected
Reading Automatic Manual Manual Manual Automatic Manual Manual Manual Manual Automatic & Manual
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Appendix
2.2
Visual inspection
Visual inspections consist in checking the galleries, the toe of the dam, the outlet of the joints and all other particular points in order to: detect coming of water and cracks, follow the behaviour of the drain curtain,
For the active drains, the drain where a discharges bigger than 2 l/min occurs should be regularly measured and be added as a monitored data in the inspection report.
2.3
Data processing
Prior the impounding, a first reading was done in order to confirm the formulas, coefficients and calibration parameters and in order to value their plausibility.
a) Water pressure vibrating wire cells (electrical piezometers) PC

The Pressure Cell consists of a filter, a saturated hydraulic chamber of minimum volume and a pressure sensitive elastic diaphragm. Water pressure transmitted through the filter causes a deflection of the diaphragm that is directly proportional to the pressure. In Vibrating-wire piezometers, the diaphragm deformation cause a change in the resonant frequency of vibration of a tensioned steel wire suspended between the diaphragm and the transducer body. The water pressure acting on the diaphragm can be determined from the change in measured frequency of the vibrating wire.
Figure 39: Vibrating-wire piezometers The square of the resonate frequency of the gauge wire is directly proportional to the pressure applied on the diaphragm. Two coils, one with a magnet, another with a pole piece, are located close to the wire. In use, a pulse of varying frequency is applied to the coils and this causes the wire to vibrate primarily at its resonant frequency. When excitation ends, the wire continues to vibrate and a sinusoidal signal, at the resonant frequency, is induced in the coils and transmitted to the readout unit where it is conditioned and displayed. To convert the instrument reading to pressure we have:
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Appendix
P=
Where P = Pressure in kPa;
L I0 S
Io = Frequency-squared (f) reading taken before installation with the instrument in air (Hz x 10-3); L S = = Instrument (f) reading (Hz x 10 -3); Linear conversion factor reported on the calibration certificate [digit/kPa].
The water level associated is:
WL = z +
Where WL = z P = = Water level in m.a.s.l;
P 9.81
Pressure cell elevation in m.a.s.l; Pressure in kPa.
b) Stand pipe piezometers PZ and DPZ

For the 10 open pipe piezometers at the D/S toe of the Dam, the reading consists of measuring the water level inside the piezometer tube by means of a metered cable. It is important that the readings are always referred to the top of the tube. The best procedure is to survey topographically the top of the tube so to obtain the absolute water level. Water level (m.a.s.l) = top of the pipe (m.a.s.l) reading (m) The pressure give by the manometer of the 5 direct piezometers from gallery are recorder. The water level associated is then calculated as follows:
WL = z +
Where WL = z P = = Water level in m.a.s.l;
P 10 .2
Manometer elevation in m.a.s.l; Pressure in bar.
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Appendix
c) Pendulums (plumb-lines) - PLD and PLV

The pendulum readings are made with an optical readout (Coordinometer) designed for manual readings of horizontal movements of a plumb line. 7 coordinometers are available on site. The coordinates (X;Y) of the steel wire are determined by means of two pairs of photocells. When the photocell light ray intercepts the steel wire, a green light turns on. The light turns off when the wire is not anymore intercepted by the photocell light ray. Those 2 data are recorded on the 4 positions of the coordinometer (see Figure 40). An initial reading was taken after installation accomplishment. All the next readings are compared to this initial reading The initial readings on the 4 positions are Lxi1, Lxi2, Lyi1, Lyi2, Lxi3, Lxi4, Lyi3 and Lyi4 in mm. So the initial positions are then:
Xa = Xb =
With
Lxi1 + Lxi 2 2 Lxi 3 + Lxi 4 2
Ya =
Lyi1 + Lyi 2 2 Lyi 3 + Lyi 4 2
Yb =
X = axis upstream (-) / downstream (+) Y = axis right bank (-) / left bank (+)
The current readings on the 4 positions are Lx1, Lx2, Ly1, Ly2, Lx3, Lx4, Ly3 and Ly4 in mm.
Figure 40: Four reading positions The actual displacement of the pendulum is than calculated as follows (in mm):
Xt =
1 Lx1 + Lx 2 Lx + Lx 4 Xa + 3 X b 2 2 2 1 Ly1 + Ly 2 Ly 3 + Ly 4 Yt = Y + Y a b 2 2 2
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Appendix
d) Thermometers T
The temperature of the RCC is directly measured by the readout in C.
e) Levelling studs LS
Prior impounding, one initial topographic operation (Z) was carried out. It is used as a reference data. The readings of the levelling studs in the Dam crest and in the gallery are made manually with the staff gauge and the total station, starting from one pillar and finishing in the second pillar.
f) Surface movement markers MM

Prior impounding, one initial topographic operation (X, Y and Z) was carried out. It is used as a reference data. The readings are mare from the pillars 1 and 2 by the mean of the total station.
g) Joint opening device JM

The tridirectional joint meter is composed by two separate parts: a transducer supporting frame with 3 threaded orthogonal holes and a square section prism which is the reference (see Figure 41).
Figure 41: 3D-joint meters and Dial gauge Once mounted on the wall, the joint metes feel the same changes of position of the crack being the supporting frame placed on one side of the crack and the prism on the other side.
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Appendix
The reading consists in periodical measurements of the position between prism and fram along three perpendicular axes. From the reading, the variations of the relative position in the space between the two sides of the crack are computed. Readings are taken by a dial gauge in mm (see Figure 41).
h) V-Notch weirs for seepage measurement MW

The water level in the basin of the weir V-Notch h is measured manually on the staff gauge fixed at 1m upstream of the weir.
1m
The Kindsvater-Shen formula (see [12]) for triangular notch weirs is:
Q = Cd
Where Q = Cd = g = = flow [m3/s];
8 5/ 2 tan 2 g he 15 2
coefficient of discharge equal to 0.58; angle of the V-notch equal to 45 ; gravity acceleration [m/s] effective head (height of the water surface from the apex of the V) [m].
he =
i) Reservoir water level

The water levels upstream and downstream are manually measured on the staff gauge installed on the intake powerhouse and on the left bank spillway abutment.
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Appendix
MEASURING FREQUENCY
The first year and after the period of brutal variation of water level (>5m in one week) and/or water discharge on the spillway shall be strengthening monitored. Series of measures shall be tightened:
First years or period of brutal variation of water level (>5m in one week) and/or water discharge on the spillway
Devices
PC PZ & DPZ PLD PLV T LS MM JM MW RWL & TWL 25 pressure cells One series per week 15 piezometers 3 direct pendulums One series per week 3 invert pendulums 42 thermocouples 51 levelling studs 20 surface movement markers 11 3Djoint-meters One series per month
Frequency
One topographic and levelling campaign every month (during the first year)
One series per week
4 seepage measuring weirs Two series per week 2 staff gauges One series per day
Table 2: Monitoring of the dam during the first years or during period of brutal variation of water level (>5m in one week) and/or water discharge on the spillway
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Appendix
After the first years, and during period when the water level is stable, we recommend to implement the following measurement frequency during the exploitation of the dam:
After the first year and with stable water level

Devices
PC PZ & DPZ PLD PLV T LS MM JM MW RWL & TWL 25 pressure cells One series every 15 days 15 piezometers 3 direct pendulums One series per month 3 invert pendulums 42 thermocouples 51 levelling studs Two topographic and levelling campaigns every year 20 surface movement markers 11 3Djoint-meters One series every 15 days One series per month
Frequency
4 seepage measuring weirs One series every 15 days 2 staff gauges One series per day
Table 3: Monitoring of the dam after the first years and with stable water level The notion of first years and the reading frequencies are tentative and will be updated as per actual site conditions by the engineering consultant in charge of the monitoring.
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Appendix
TABLE OF APPENDICES
A Monitoring system location B Monitoring system - SISGEO Instruction Manual C Devices Certificate D Drilling and Verticality tests of Invert pendulums
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Appendix
Appendix A: Monitoring system location

1. Pendulums
Bottom casing
ch 0+235.23 ch 0+233.00
Anchor
Reading plate
412.47
Pulley
459.18
Installation date
To be installed 05/08/2011
direct inverted interm direct inverted direct inverted 380.92 381.42 362.02 362.52 379.00 379.50
412.57 431.49 403.37 403.46 413.42 413.51 459.17 459.11 459.11
ch 0+366.00 ch 0+366.00 ch 0+363.80 ch 0+416.00 ch 0+418.00
01/07/2011 01/07/2011 28/06/2011 09/06/2011 ~15/07/2011
2. Piezometer, D/S toe open pipe

Piezometer Elevation bottom hole Elevation bottom filter slot Elevation top - Zo
PZ 0+70 PZ 0+110 PZ 0+160 PZ 0+217.5 PZ 0+230.5 PZ 0+347.4 PZ 0+419 PZ 0+440 PZ 0+468 PZ 0+510.5
429.1
419.2
412.7
401.0
390.0
381.0
401.5
408.3
418.4
427.8
429.3
420.0
413.0
401.3
390.3
381.3
402.0
408.6
418.7
428.1
450.5 450.017 434.67
420.54
418.1
401.502 430.13
437.32
439.82 449.03
3. Direct Piezometer from gallery with manometer

Direct piezometer Elevation bottom filter slot Elevation top pipe and bottom manometer DPZ 0+196 410 430.67 DPZ 0+235 392 412.67 DPZ 0+300 375.8 402.14 DPZ 0+350 379
To be completed
DPZ 0+416 395

To be completed
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Cells
PC1-PC1 0+160 384 415 9 264.7 24.7 9 534.6 24.1 8 402.9 25.6 9 476.0 20 -8.54358 30/06/11
PC4-PC4 0+385 392 392 10 274.4 29.7 10 512.4 32 10 183.0 30 10 472.0 21 -4.82147 02/12/10 21 -6.33048 02/12/10 9 016.0 25.1 25.7 10397.0 21 -5.01449 28/05/11 7 628.3 9532.0 27.2 24.7 8 989.2 10417.8 10272.3 28.2 9595.8 28.4 10274.0 21 -5.52646 29/05/11 25.3 25.4 27.6 7 625.9 9542.7 9657.3 377 383.4 389.3 377.9 9127.0 23.8 9984.8 24.1 9120.3 23.8 9964.0 22 -3.67491 28/05/11 377 383.2 388.9 377.7 395.8 396.1 8979.6 29.7 9283.6 28.4 8865.7 26.5 9244.0 21 -5.01504 11/06/11 384.9 385.0 9671.5 25.6 10361 30.5 9644.6 262.0 10359.0 21 -4.97963 09/06/11 409.74 410.04 8 783.3 36.9 9 655.5 38.4 8 813.4 26.5 9 630.0 21 -8.52289 11/06/11 396.77 397.07 7 060.4 24.4 9 079.1 28.2 7 096.7 26.3 9 030.0 20 -8.81527 11/06/11 PC4-PC5 PC5-PC1 PC5-PC2 PC5-PC3 PC5-PC4
PC1-PC2 0+220 390 390 9 868.9 29.1 10 298.7 17.4 9 890.3 27.1 10 297.0 21 -4.04189 16/03/11
PC5-PC5
PC1-PC3 0+273 374 374 9 620.1 25.2 10 643.0 25 9 614.4 25.2 10 660.0 22 -4.90809 02/12/10
PC6-PC1
PC2-PC1 390 390 10 611.3 30.9 11 027.0 26 10 565.9 31 11 062.0 21 -5.5358 02/12/10
PC6-PC2 PC6-PC3 0+434 410.36 410.47 7 480.8 26.5 8 479.1 25 7 436.7 25.9 8 405.0 21 -8.93759 04/06/11 412.4 412.45 9 571.1 27.7 10 250.0 24.5 9 447.9 27.9 10 212.0 21 -8.34727 04/06/11
PC2-PC2 374 374 10 153.9 25.2 11 097.2 24 10 152.3 25.2 11 118.0 21 -4.36706 02/12/10
PC6-PC4
PC2-PC3
PC3-PC1
PC3-PC2
PC3-PC3
PC3-PC4
PC3-PC5
THXP
ch.
Borehole head (m.a.s.l) 412.7 8 988.3 26.7 9 264.2 28.2 9 082.6 26.4 9 563.0 20 -9.60173 05/05/11 07/05/11 05/05/11 16/03/11 -9.17367 -9.33791 -5.37929 20 21 21 9 663.0 10 067.0 9 193.0 28.3 26.7 26.7 9 638.4 9 364.5 8 356.1 29.2 28.6 18.9 9 842.6 9 641.2 9 172.8 9 683.2 9 506.7 8 344.6 402 412 402 384
cell elevation (m.a.s.l)
425.85
Zero Reading at Installation Depth 24.7
(2 days after installation)
10 644.3
8 556.5
T C
26.2
Reading Outside of the hole Lo 23.5
10 629.5
9 604.4
T C
24.1
4. Pressure cells
Reading after installation 25.6
10 417.2
8 489.1
T C
25.6
Reading in laboratory at 0.00 kpa certificate file 21
10 604.0
9 546.0
T C
21
Linear Sensivity Factor [digit/kPA]
-8.5854
-9.60403
Start of the reading

PC4-PC3 0+328 377 377 8 999.4 25.7 10 009.9 30.1 8 997.6 25.6 10 003.0 21 -4.70133 02/12/10
30/06/11
30/06/11
Coyne et Bellier
Cells
PC4-PC1
PC4-PC2
ch.
Borehole head (m.a.s.l)
376
387
cell elevation (m.a.s.l)
376
387
Zero Reading at Installation Depth
(2 days after installation)
8256.80
8 815.3
T C
26
26.8
Reading Outside of the hole Lo
9 396.7
9 527.5
T C
24.3
24.2
Reading after installation
8 361.6
9 422.0
T C
25.6
26.7
Reading in laboratory at 0.00 kpa certificate file
9 368.0
9 533.0
T C
21
21
Linear Sensivity Factor [digit/kPA]
-4.79312
-4.88015
Appendix
September 2011
Start of the reading
05/03/11
07/03/11
THXP
Appendix
Appendix B: Monitoring system - SISGEO Instruction Manual
1. Instruction Manuel Piezometers 2. Instruction Manuel Direct and Inverted Pendulums 3. Instruction Manuel Optical Coordinometer 4. Instruction Manuel Thermometers 5. Instruction Manuel Joint-Meters 6. Instruction Manuel Flow Meter 7. Instruction Manuel Cable Splicing Kit 8. SISGEO Catalogue
Coyne et Bellier
September 2011
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THXP
Appendix
Appendix C: Devices Certificate
Coyne et Bellier
September 2011
THXP
Appendix
Appendix D: Drilling and Verticality tests of Inverted pendulums
Coyne et Bellier
September 2011
Invert pendulum at ch. 0+233 Distance between the pulley and the top of the hole: 26/07/2011 Deviation Deviation Deviation Depth bottom bottom Direction top EST SOUTH m mm mm mm 1 Est 3 3.6 3.6 1 South 3 2 Est 3 4.3 4.3 2 South 3 3 Est 3 4.9 4.9 3 South 3 4 Est 3 5.5 5.5 4 South 3 5 Est 3 6.2 6.2 5 South 3 6 Est 3 6.8 6.8 6 South 3 7 Est 3 7.4 7.4 7 South 3 8 Est 3 8.0 8.0 8 South 3 9 Est 3 8.7 8.7 9 South 3 10 Est 3 9.3 9.3 10 South 3 11 Est 3 9.9 9.9 11 South 3 12 Est 3 10.6 10.6 12 South 3 13 Est 3 11.2 14.9 13 South 4 14 Est 3 11.8 11.8 14 South 3 15 Est 3 12.5 16.6 15 South 4 16 Est 3 13.1 17.4 16 South 4 17 Est 3 13.7 13.7 17 South 3 18 Est 3 14.3 14.3 18 South 3 19 Est 3 15.0 20.0 19 South 4 20 Est 3 15.6 20.8 20 South 4 21 Est 3 16.2 16.2 21 South 3 22 Est 3 16.9 16.9 22 South 3 23 Est 3 17.5 17.5 23 South 3 24 Est 3 18.1 18.1 24 South 3 25 Est 3 18.8 18.8 25 South 3 26 Est 3 19.4 19.4 26 South 3 27 Est 3 20.0 20.0 27 South 3 28 Est 3 20.6 20.6 28 South 3 29 Est 3 21.3 21.3 29 South 3 30 Est 3 21.9 21.9 30 South 3 31 Est 3 22.5 22.5 31 South 3 32 Est 3 23.2 23.2 32 South 3 4.76 m
Deviation - Est
Deviation (mm) 0 0 5 10 15 20 25
10
Depth (m)
15
20
25
30
35
Deviation - South
Deviation (mm) 0 0 5 10 15 20 25
10
Depth (m)
15
20
25
30
35
Deviation - Est
Deviation (mm) 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
10
Depth (m)
15
20
25
30
35
Deviation - South
Deviation (mm) 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
10
Depth (m)
15
20
25
30
35
Deviation - Est
Deviation (mm) 0 0 1 2 3 4 5
10
Depth (m)
15
20
25
30
35
Deviation - South
Deviation (mm) 0 0 5 10 15 20
10
Depth (m)
15
20
25
30
35

Dam Monitoring in Laos

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Dam Monitoring in Laos

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Theun Hinboun Power Company

Theun Hinboun Expansion Project

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

First Issue Subject of Revision

Theun Hinboun Expansion Project

Theun Hinboun Power Company

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Reservoir water level

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Topographic control: 51 levelling studs 20 surface movement markers 34 3D joint-meters LS MM (3D) JM

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Figure 1: Dam monitoring - Instrument layout (plan view)

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Water pressure vibrating wire cells (electrical piezometers) PC

Figure 2: Section PC1 on the RB, ch. 0+160

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Figure 4: Section PC3 on the spillway, ch. 0+273

Figure 5: Section PC4 on the spillway, ch. 0+328

Figure 6: Section PC5 on the LB, ch. 0+385

Figure 7: Section PC6 on the LB, ch. 0+434

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Stand pipe piezometers PZ and DPZ

Figure 8: PZ 0+070 on the RB

Figure 9: PZ 0+110 on the RB

Figure 10: PZ 0+160 on the RB

Figure 11: DPZ 0+196 on the RB

Figure 12: PZ 0+217.5 on the RB

Figure 13: PZ 0+230.5 and DPZ 0+235 on the RB

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Figure 14: DPZ 0+300 on the spillway

Figure 15: PZ 0+347.4 and DPZ 0+350 on the LB

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Figure 18: PZ 0+468 on the LB ch. 0+468

Figure 19: PZ 0+510.5 on the LB ch. 0+510.50

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Pendulums (plumb-lines) - PLD and PLV

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Figure 22: Borehole profile survey

Figure 23: Detection of wire position at Hi depth

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Figure 25: Example of hole free section diagram

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Figure 26: Thermometers Layout

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Figure 27: Thermometers at ch. 0+160

Figure 28: Thermometers at ch. 0+211

Figure 29: Thermometers at ch. 0+290

Figure 30: Thermometers at ch. 0+330

Figure 31: Thermometers at ch. 0+354

Figure 32: Thermometers at ch. 0+374

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Figure 33: Thermometers at ch. 0+411

Figure 34: Thermometers at ch. 0+450

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

Surface movement markers MM

Joint opening device JM

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam

V-Notch weirs for seepage measurement - MW

Figure 35: Typical section - topographic monitoring

NG Dam - Monitoring of NG dam