Baysa, Bea Louise L. BSAT 1A AMTE 411 PRIVATE PILOT LICENSE AIRPLANE (a) Age.

. The applicant for a PPL(A) shall be not less than 17 years of age. (b) Knowledge. The applicant for a PPL(A) shall: (1) Receive and log ground training from an authorized instructor on the following subjects: (i) Air law: rules and regulations relevant to the holder of a PPL(A); rules of the air; appropriate air traffic services practices and procedures (ii) Aircraft general knowledge: (A) Principles of operation of airplane powerplants, systems and instruments; (B) Operating limitations of airplanes and powerplants: relevant operational information from the flight manual or other appropriate document; (iii) Flight performance and planning: (A) effects of loading and weight distribution on flight characteristics; weight and balance calculations; (B) use and practical application of take-off, landing and other performance data; (C) pre-flight and en-route flight planning appropriate to private operations under VFR; preparation and filing of air traffic services flight plans; appropriate air traffic services procedures; position reporting procedures; altimeter setting procedures; operations in areas of high-density traffic; (iv) Human performance: human performance relevant to the PPL(A) (v) Meteorology: application of elementary aeronautical meteorology; use of, and procedures for obtaining, meteorological information; altimetry (vi) Navigation: practical aspects of air navigation and dead-reckoning techniques; use of aeronautical charts: (vii) Operational procedures: (A) use of aeronautical documentation such as AIP, NOTAM, aeronautical codes and abbreviations; (B) appropriate precautionary and emergency procedures, including action to be taken to avoid hazardous weather, wake turbulence and the operating hazards; (viii) Principles of flight: principles of flight relating to airplanes; (ix) Radiotelephony: (A) radiotelephony procedures and phraseology as applied to VFR operations; action to be taken in case of communication failure; (B) as listed in IS 2.3.3.2 Appendix A; (2) have received an endorsement for the knowledge test from an authorized instructor who: (i) conducted the training on the knowledge subjects; (ii) certifies that the person is prepared for the required knowledge test; and

(3) pass the required knowledge test on the knowledge areas listed in IS 2.3.3.2 COMMERCIAL PILOT LICENSE - AIRPLANE (a) Age. The applicant for a CPL (A) shall be not less than 18 years of age. (b) Knowledge. The applicant for a CPL (A) shall: (1) receive and log ground training from an authorized instructor on the following subjects: (i) Air law: rules and regulations relevant to the holder of a CPL (A); rules of the air; appropriate air traffic services practices and procedures (ii) Aircraft general knowledge: (A) principles of operation and functioning of airplane powerplants, systems and instruments: (B) operating limitations of appropriate airplanes and powerplants; relevant operational information from the flight manual or other appropriate document; (C) use and serviceability checks of equipment and systems of appropriate airplanes; (D) maintenance procedures for airframes, systems and powerplants of appropriate airplanes; (iii) Flight performance and planning: (A) effects of loading and mass distribution on airplane handling, flight characteristics and performance; mass and balance calculations; (B) use and practical application of take-off, landing and other performance data; (C) pre-flight and en-route flight planning appropriate to operations under VFR; preparation and filing of air traffic services flight plans; appropriate air traffic services procedures; (iv) Human performance: human performance relevant to the CPL (A); (v) Meteorology: (A) interpretation and application of aeronautical meteorological reports. charts and forecasts; use of, and procedures for obtaining, meteorological information, pre-flight and in-flight; altimetry; (B) aeronautical meteorology; climatology of relevant areas in respect of the elements having an effect upon aviation; the moment of pressure systems. the structure of fronts; and the origin and characteristics of significant weather phenomena which affect take-off, en-route and landing conditions; hazardous weather avoidance; (vi) Navigation: air navigation. including the use of aeronautical charts, instruments and navigation aids; understanding of the principles and characteristics of appropriate navigation systems; operation of air borne equipment (vii) Operation procedures: (A) use of aeronautical documentation such as AIR; NOTAM, aeronautical codes and abbreviations: (B) appropriate precautionary and emergency procedures; (C) operational procedures for carriage of freight; potential hazards

associated with dangerous goods; (D) requirements and practices for safety briefing to passengers, including precautions to be observed when embarking and disembarking from airplanes; (viii) Principles of flight: principles of flight relating to airplanes; (ix) Radiotelephony: (A) radiotelephony procedures and phraseology as applied to VFR operations; action to be taken in case of communication failure: (B) as further specified in IS 2.3.3.3 Appendix A. (2) Have received an endorsement for the knowledge test from an authorized instructor who: (i) conducted the training on the knowledge subjects: (ii) certifies that the person is prepared for the required knowledge test: and (3) Pass the required knowledge test on the knowledge subjects listed in IS 2.3.3.3 Appendix B.

AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOT LICENSE - AIRPLANE (a) Age. The applicant for an ATPL (A) shall be not less than 21 years of age. (b) Knowledge. The applicant for an ATPL (A) shall: (1) receive and log ground training from an authorized instructor on the following subjects: (i) Air law: rules and regulations relevant to the holder of an ATPL(A); rules of the air, appropriate air traffic services practices and procedures (ii) Aircraft general knowledge: (A) general characteristics and limitations of electrical, hydraulic, pressurization and other airplane systems; flight control systems, including autopilot and stability augmentation; (B) principles of operation, handling procedures and operating limitations of airplane powerplants; effects of atmospheric conditions on engine performance; relevant operational information from the flight manual or other appropriate document, (C) operating procedures and limitations of appropriate airplanes; effects of atmospheric conditions on airplane performance, (D) use and serviceability checks of equipment and systems of appropriate airplanes; (E) flight instruments; compasses, turning and acceleration errors; gyroscopic instruments, operational limits and precession effects; practices and procedures in the event of malfunctions of various flight instruments; (F) (maintenance procedures for airframes, systems and powerplants of appropriate airplanes;: (A) effects of loading and mass distribution on airplane handling, flight characteristics and performance; mass and balance calculations; (B) use and practical application of take-off, landing and other performance

data, including procedures for cruise control; (C) pre-flight and en-route operational flight planning; preparation and filing of air traffic services flight plans; appropriate air traffic services procedures; altimeter setting procedures (iv) Human performance: human performance relevant to the ATPL(A) (v) Meteorology: (A) interpretation and application of aeronautical meteorological reports, charts and forecasts; codes and abbreviations; use of, and procedures for obtaining, meteorological information; pre-flight and in-flight; altimetry; (B) aeronautical meteorology; climatology of relevant areas in respect of the elements having an effect upon aviation; the moment of pressure systems; the structure of fronts, and the origin and characteristics of significant weather phenomena which affect take-off, en-route and landing conditions; (C) causes, recognition and effects of engine and airframe icing; frontal zone penetration procedures; hazardous weather avoidance; (vi) Navigation: (iii) Flight performance and planning (A) air navigation, including the use of aeronautical charts, radio navigation aids and area navigation systems; specific navigation requirements for long-range flights; use, limitation and serviceability of avionics and instruments necessary for the control and navigation of airplanes; (B) use, accuracy and reliability of navigation systems used in departure, enroute, approach and landing phases of flight; identification of radio navigation aids; (C) principles and characteristics of self-contained and external-referenced navigation systems; operation of airborne equipment; (vii) Operation procedures: (A) interpretation and use of aeronautical documentation such as AIP, NOTAM, aeronautical codes and abbreviations, and instrument procedure charts for departure, en-route, descent and approach; (B) precautionary and emergency procedures; safety practices associated with flight under IFR (C) operational procedures for carriage of freight and dangerous goods; (D) requirements and practices for safety briefing to passengers, including precautions to be observed when embarking and disembarking from airplanes; (viii) Principles of flight: principles of flight relating to airplanes; subsonic aerodynamics; compressibility effects, maneuver boundary limits, wing design characteristics, effects of supplementary lift and drag devices; relationships between lift, drag and thrust at various airspeeds and in different flight configuration; (ix) Radiotelephony: radiotelephony procedures and phraseology; action to be taken in case of communication failure; as further specified in IS 2.3.3.4Appendix A

MULTI-CREW PILOT LICENSE (MPL) (a) Age. The applicant for a MPL shall be not less than 18 years of age. (b) Language proficiency. Be able to pass the ICAO English Proficiency Test at level 4 or above. (c) Knowledge. The applicant shall have demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of an ATPL (A) and appropriate to the category of aircraft intended to be included in the license, in at least the following subjects (see IS: 2.3.3.5 Appendix A). The applicant for an MPL shall: (1) Receive and log ground training from an authorized instructor on the following subjects: (i) Air Law: Rules and regulations relevant to the holder of an airline transport pilot license; rules of the air; appropriate air traffic services practices and procedures. (ii) Aircraft General Knowledge: (A) General characteristics and limitations of electrical, hydraulic, pressurization and other aircraft systems; flight control systems, including autopilot and stability augmentation. (B)Principles of operation, handling procedures and operating limitations of aircraft powerplants; effects of atmospheric conditions on engine performance; relevant operational information from the flight manual or other appropriate document. (C) Operating procedures and limitations of the relevant category of aircraft; effects of atmospheric conditions on aircraft performance in accordance to the relevant operational information from the flight manual. (D) Use and serviceability checks of equipment and systems of appropriate aircraft. (E) Flight instruments, compasses, turning and acceleration errors; gyroscopic instruments, operational limits and precession effects; practices and procedures in the event of malfunctions of various flight instruments and electronic display units. (F) Maintenance procedures for airframes, systems and powerplants of appropriate aircraft. (G) For helicopter and powered-lift, transmission (power-trains) where applicable; (iii) Flight Performance and Planning: (A) Effects of loading and mass distribution on aircraft handling. (iv) Human Performance: (A) Human performance including principles of threat and error management. (v) Meteorology: (A) Interpretation and application of aeronautical meteorological reports, charts and forecasts; codes and abbreviations; use of, and procedures for obtaining, meteorological information, pre-flight and in-flight altimetry. (B) Aeronautical meteorology; climatology of relevant areas in respect of the elements having an effect upon aviation; the movement of pressure systems; the structure of fronts, and the origin and characteristics of significant weather phenomena which affect take-off, en-route and landing conditions.

(C) Causes, recognition and effects of icing; frontal zone penetration procedures; hazardous weather avoidance. (D) In the case of airplane and powered-lift, practical high altitude meteorology, including interpretation and use of weather reports, charts and forecasts, and jet-streams. (vi) Navigation: (A) Air navigation, including the use of aeronautical charts, radio navigation aids and area navigation systems; specific navigation requirements for long-range flights. (B) Use, limitation and serviceability of avionics and instruments necessary for the control and navigation of aircraft. (C) Use, accuracy and reliability of navigation systems used in departure, enroute, approach and landing phases of flight; identification of radio navigation aids. (D) Principles and characteristics of self-contained and external-referenced navigation systems; operation of airborne equipment. (vii) Operational Procedures: (A) Application of threat and error management to operational performance; (B) Interpretation and use of aeronautical documentation such as AIP,NOTAM, aeronautical codes and abbreviations; (C) Precautionary and emergency procedures; safety practices; (D) Operational procedures for carriage of freight and dangerous goods; (E) Requirements and practices for safety briefing to passengers, including precautions to be observed when embarking and disembarking from aircraft; (F) In the case of the helicopter, and if applicable, powered-lift, settling with power; ground resonance; retreating blade stall; dynamic roll-over and other operation hazards; safety procedures, associated with flight under VFR; (viii) Principles of flight (ix) Radiotelephony (A) Procedures and phraseology; action to be taken in case of communication failure.