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Development of fluidized bed for encapsulation of inorganic PCM

M. J. Cruz Cari1,2, S. Veliz1, H.Galleguillos1, M.Grageda1, S.Ushak1*
Center for Advanced Research in Lithium and Industrial Minerals, Department of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing,University of Antofagasta, Avenue Universidad de Antofagasta 02800, Antofagasta, Chile. 2 National Faculty of Engineering, Technical University of Oruro, University Citadel, Oruro, Bolivia
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The PCM (Phase Change Material ) application using hydrated salts energy storage is known in many fields because of its great capacity to absorb and slowly release the latent heat involved in the process of phase change. However direct use has been limited in some areas due to reactivity with the external environment, migration of liquid and evaporation. Therefore, much research has focused on using some type of packing such as micro capsules to serve as a container for phase change material. The microcapsules consist of small containers, which are a core material with a hard shell. This research will use the hydrated salts such as magnesium chloride hexahydrate, nitrate of manganese ( II ) tetrahydrate and bischofite, as phase change materials , forming the nucleus of the capsule , and the polymer as encapsulating material or shell of the core, due to the low reactivity , availability and low cost.
Polymers Solvents Polypropylene (HDPE) Acetone Resine epoxi Chloroform Polystyrene (PS) Xylene Acrylic Tetrahydrofuran

Table 1: Polymers and solvents considered for encapsulation

The micro encapsulation can take place by a physical or chemical process. In this work the micro encapsulation of hydrated salts by the physical process in a fluidized bed was used , this method is mainly based on the salts with fluidizing air at a certain speed so that the top of the team enters a polymer as a Spray operation and particles coming into contact with these remaining coated encapsulating material .

The studies were conducted: Behavior polymers with solvents, behavior solvent of the PCM and PCM, behavior of plastics with PCMs function of time giving the following results:

I international workshop in Lithium, Industrial Minerals and Energy

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Solvents Acetone Chloroform Xylene Tetrahydrofuran

(HDPE) No No No No

Resine epoxi No No No No

PS Yes Yes Yes Yes

Acrylic No Yes No Yes

Table 2: Behavior polymers with solvents

Solvents Acetone Chloroform Xylene Tetrahydrofuran

MgCl210H2O No No No No

Bischofite No No No No

Mn(NO3)24H2O Yes No Yes Yes

Table 3: Behavior solvent of the PCM with PCM

Keywords: Hydrate salts, phase change material, encapsulation, fluidized bed. Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge financial supports of FONDECYT (grant N 1120422), FIC- Regional 2011 Arica y Parinacota BIP 30114739-0, ANT 1201 and FONDAP (grant N N15110019) References: [1] C. Castell, Ingrid Martorell, Ins Fernndez, Albert Manich, L. F. Cabeza, Compatibility Of Plastic With Phase Change Materials (PCM) Spanish Gobernmet project ENE2008-06687C02-01/CON [2] Khudair A. M., Farid M. M. A review on energy conservation in building applications with thermal storage by latent heat using phase change materials. En Conv & Management 45: 263275. (2004),