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Contents
Principal Features Tensile Properties Creep and Stress-Rupture Strengths Thermal Stability Oxidation Resistance Physical Properties Modulus of Elasticity Aqueous Corrosion Resistance Fabrication Welding Health and Safety Sales Office Addresses 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 13 14 14 16
H-3073D
PRINCIPAL FEATURES
Excellent Strength Up To 1500F (816C), Good Oxidation Resistance, and Good Resistance to Aqueous Corrosion
HAYNES 625 alloy is a nickelchromium-molybdenum alloy with excellent strength from room temperature up to about 1500F (816C). At higher temperatures, its strength is generally lower than that of other solid-solution strengthened alloys. Alloy 625 has good oxidation resistance at temperatures up to 1800F (980C) and provides good resistance to aqueous corrosion, but generally not as effectively as modern HASTELLOY corrosionresistant alloys. In order to restore the best balance of properties, all hot- or cold-worked parts should be annealed and rapidly cooled The alloy can be welded by both manual and automatic welding methods, including gas tungsten arc (GTAW), gas metal arc (GMAW), electron beam, and resistance welding. It exhibits good restraint welding characteristics.
Applications
HAYNES 625 alloy is widely used in a variety of hightemperature aerospace, chemical process industry, and power industry applications. It provides excellent service in shortterm applications at temperatures up to approximately 1500F (815C); however, for long-term elevated temperature service, use of alloy 625 is best restricted to a maximum of 1100F (595C). Long-term thermal exposure of alloy 625 above 1100F (595C) will result in significant embrittlement. For service at these temperatures, more modern materials, such as HAYNES 230 alloy, are recommended. As a low-temperature corrosionresistant material, alloy 625 has been widely used in chemical process industry, sea water, and power plant scrubber applications. However, in most current requirements it has largely been superceded by more capable HASTELLOY alloys, such as C-22 and G-30 alloys.
Heat Treatment
Unless otherwise specified, wrought HAYNES 625 alloy is normally supplied in the millannealed condition. The alloy is usually mill-annealed at 1925F plus or minus 25F (1050C plus or minus 15C) for a time commensurate with section thickness and rapidly cooled or water-quenched for optimum properties. Depending on customer requirements, alloy 625 may also be supplied solution heat-treated at temperatures at or above 2000F (1095C), or mill annealed at temperatures below 1925F (1050C). Lower temperature mill annealing treatments may result in some precipitation of second phases in alloy 625 which can affect the alloys properties.
Easily Fabricated
HAYNES 625 alloy has excellent forming and welding characteristics. It may be forged or otherwise hot-worked providing temperature is maintained in the range of about 1800 to 2150F (980 to 1175C). Ideally, to control grain size, finish hot working operations should be performed at the lower end of the temperature range. Because of its good ductility, alloy 625 is also readily formed by cold working. However, the alloy does workharden rapidly so intermediate annealing treatments may be needed for complex component forming operations.
Applicable Specifications
HAYNES 625 alloy is covered by the following specifications: AMS 5599 (sheet, strip and plate), AMS 5666 (bar, rings, and forgings), AMS 5837 (wire); ASTM B-443 (sheet and plate), ASTM B-446 (bar and rod), AWS A5.14 (wire). The UNS number for this material is N06625.
Co 1*
Fe 5*
* Maximum
Cr 21
Mo 9
Cb+Ta 3.7
Mn 0.5*
Si 0.5*
Al 0.4*
Ti 0.4*
C 0.10*
As Balance
RT 90
500
600
700
900
1000
1100
600 80 70 625
500 400
Stress, Ksi
60 50 40 30 20 10 RT 1000 1200 1400 Temperature, F 1600 1800 2000 230 alloy X 188
Stress, MPa
32.0 (220)
29.0 (200)
17.8 (125)
26.5 (185)
16.2 (110)
15.3 (105)
650 30 20 15
Stress, Ksi
700
750
900
950
1000 200
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
50 625 20
10
THERMAL STABILITY
HAYNES 625 alloy is similar to the solid-solution-strengthened superalloys, such as HAYNES 188 alloy or HASTELLOY X alloy, which will precipitate deleterious phases upon longterm exposure at intermediate temperatures. In this case, the phase in question is Ni3Cb deltaphase which serves to impair both tensile ductility and impact strength. For applications where thermal stability is important, 230 alloy is recommended.
Exposure Temperature (C) RT 70 500 600 700 800 900 1000
60
Retained Room Temperature Tensile Ductility after 8000 Hour Exposure at Temperature
50
40
230 alloy
30
X 20 625 188 10
RT
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
Tensile Strength Ksi 127.7 165.0 163.6 164.2 165.4 142.9 145.5 142.6 140.4 130.0 130.0 127.0 128.4 MPa 880 1140 1130 1130 1140 985 1005 985 970 895 895 875 885
Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset Ksi 66.2 122.3 117.9 117.8 118.5 95.5 104.1 97.4 96.1 68.3 66.4 63.7 63.4 MPa 455 845 815 810 815 660 720 670 665 470 460 440 435
As-Annealed*
OXIDATION RESISTANCE
Comparative Burner Rig Oxidation Resistance (1000 Hours)
Burner rig oxidation tests were conducted by exposing samples 3/8 in. x 2.5 in. x thickness (9 mm x 64 mm x thickness), in a rotating holder, to products of combustion of a mixture of No. 1 and No. 2 fuel oil. This was burned at a ratio of air to fuel of about 50:1 for 1000 hours. (Gas velocity was about 0.3 mach). Samples were automatically removed from the gas stream every 30 minutes, fan-cooled to near ambient temperature, and then reinserted into the flame tunnel.
1800F (980C) Metal Loss Material HAYNES 230 alloy HASTELLOY X alloy HAYNES 625 alloy HAYNES 25 alloy MULTIMET alloy Alloy 800H
Average Metal Affected Mils 2.8 5.6 7.1 8.3 14.4 14.5 m 71 142 180 211 366 368 20 69
Maximum Metal Affected Mils m 3.5 6.4 7.6 8.7 14.8 15.3 89 153 193 221 376 389
2000F (1095C) Average Metal Affected Mils 1.3 2.6 4.8 7.4 10.2 11.6 m 33 66 122 188 259 295
Temperature, C Room 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Metric Units 208 GPa 201 GPa 199 GPa 192 GPa 186 GPa 179 GPa 171 GPa 163 GPa 153 GPa 142 GPa 126 GPa
10
Test Temperature F (C) 150 (66) 174 (79) 100 (38) 150 (66) 174 (79) 100 (38) 100 (38) 100 (38) Boiling Boiling 158 (70) 194 (90) Boiling Boiling 158 (70) Boiling Boiling Boiling
Average Corrosion Rate Per Year, mils* 625 alloy 1 35 1 25 58 <1 <1 <1 151 434 121 326 869 55 110 325 1815 2721 C-22 alloy <1 9 <1 1 16 <1 Nil Nil 26 61 <1 94 225 29 11 215 3 8 C-276 alloy G-30 alloy 1 10 Nil 4 12 <1 Nil <1 33 49 11 45 116 22 12 186 42 55 <1 2 <1 <1 10 <1 <1 ------53 -101 1227 --
10 25 25 11 23
50
Boiling
23
40
250
11
temperature was varied in 5C (9F) increments to determine the lowest temperature at which pitting corrosion initiated (observed by examination at a magnification of 40X of duplicate samples) after a 24-hour
exposure period (Critical Pitting Temperature), and the lowest temperature at which crevicecorrosion initiated in a 100-hour exposure period (Critical Crevice-Corrosion Temperature).
Critical Crevice-Corrosion Temperature F 212 (Boiling) 176 122 104 95 68 59 50 <23 <23 <23 C 102 80 50 40 35 20 15 10 <-5 <-5 <-5
C >150 150 90 70 50 45 35 25 25 25 20
Critical Pitting Temperature Material HASTELLOY C-22 alloy HASTELLOY C-276 alloy HASTELLOY C-4 alloy HAYNES 625 alloy F 248 230 194 167 C 120 110 90 75
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FABRICATION
Heat Treatment
HAYNES 625 alloy is normally final annealed at 1925F (1050C) for a time commensurate with section thickness. Annealing during fabrication can be performed at even lower temperatures, but a final subsequent anneal at 1925F (1050C) is usually required to produce optimum structure and properties. Please see Haynes International publication H-3159 for further information.
Tensile results are averages of two or more tests. *Rapid Air Cool
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WELDING
HAYNES 625 alloy is readily welded by Gas Tungsten Arc (GTAW), Gas Metal Arc (GMAW), electron beam welding, and resistance welding techniques. Its welding characteristics are similar to those for HASTELLOY X alloy. Submerged-Arc welding is not recommended as this process is characterized by high heat input to the base metal and slow cooling of the weld. These factors can increase weld restraint and promote cracking. compounds, and other foreign matter should be removed. It is preferable, but not necessary, that the alloy be in the solution-annealed condition when welded.
Acknowledgements: 20CB-3 is a trademark of Carpenter Technology Corporation. FERRALIUM is a trademark of Langley Alloys Ltd.
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STANDARD PRODUCTS
By Brand or Alloy Designation: HASTELLOY Corrosion-Resistant Alloys
B-3, C-4, C-22, C-22HS, C-276, C-2000, G-30, G-35, G-50, HYBRID-BC1, and N
Wear-Resistant Alloy
6B
Standard Forms: Bar, Billet, Plate, Sheet, Strip, Coils, Seamless or Welded Pipe & Tubing, Pipe
Fittings, Flanges, Fittings, Welding Wire, and Coated Electrodes
Properties Data: The data and information in this publication are based on work conducted principally by Haynes International, Inc. and occasionally supplemented by information from the open literature, and are believed to be reliable. However, Haynes does not make any warranty or assume any legal liability or responsibility for its accuracy, completeness, or usefulness, nor does Haynes represent that its use would not infringe upon private rights.
Any suggestions as to uses and applications for specific alloys are opinions only and Haynes International, Inc. makes no warranty of results to be obtained in any particular situation. For specific concentrations of elements present in a particular product and a discussion of the potential health affects thereof, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet supplied by Haynes International, Inc. All trademarks are owned by Haynes International, Inc.
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