1. The subkingdom which Phylum : Porifera belongs to 2. No animal group evolved from Phylum : Porifera. Hence it is called as . !

Porifera ! means ". True !animal nature# of Phylum : Porifera was established by $. %embers of Porifera are commonly called as &. Habitat of %ost of sponges '. (ponge families which live in fresh water ). (ponge which live in fresh water *. (ymmetry of sponges 1+. Type of ,rgani-ation in sponges 11. (ponges are primitive multicellular organisms. Hence they .oined in the subkingdom: 12. Habit of sponges 1 . No. of layers in bodywall of sponges 1". ,uter epidermal layer of sponges is 1$. /nner layer of sponge is 1&. 0elatinuous matri1 present between the two layers is 1'. The system which constantly conducts water in sponges 1). 2ater transport system of sponges is called as 1*. %inute pores which allows the entry of water into the para gastric cavity are 2+. /nahalant aperture of sponge 21. Through ,stia water enters into 22. 3entral cavity of sponge is 2 . Paragastric cavity of sponge is also called 2". 2ater from spongocoel goes out through 2$. 41halent aperture of sponge

2&. 41change of gases and removal of wastes in sponges possible with the help of 2'. The physiological processes which canal system participate are 2). %ode of nutrition in sponges 2*. (ponges collect dood with the help of +. 3hanocygtes are also called as 1. The cells which line the spongocoel and canals 2. (ponges are called filter feeders because . (ponges eat solid food particles . Hence called as ". 5igestion in sponges occur in choanocytes . Hence called as $. 5igestion in sponges called intracellular because &. 3ells which store the food in sponges are '. (ponge do not show much co6ordination between the functioning of various parts of the body because ). The body is supported by a skeleton made up of *. (picules made of calcium carbonate are called as "+. (picules made of silica dio1ide or glass are called as "1. (e1es are not separate in sponge . Hence they are called as "2. %onoecious means " . Hermaphrodite means "". /f egg cells and sperms are produced by the same sponge . /t is called as "$. (ponges reproduce ase1ually by "&. (ponges reproduce se1ually by "'. Type of fertili-ation in sponges "). Type of cleveage in sponges "*. Type of development in sponges $+. 5ifferent types of larval stages involved in the life cycle of sponges. Hence called

$1. The embryonic stages which are morphologically different from the adult are called as $2. 7arval forms of sponges are $ . Power of regeneration in sponges is $". (ponges which live in shallow marine water $$. (ponges with solitary or colonial nature belongs to the class $&. (ponges with simple body structure belongs to the class $'. 3alacareous spicules are characteristic feature of this class $). 41amples of 3lass : 3alcarea $*. Habitat of He1actinellida &+. ,nly solitary condition is seen in this class &1. 3lass with siliceous si1 rayed spicules &2. 8oth marine and freshwater sponges are belongs to this class & . 3lass with colonial sponges &". (ponges with other than si1 rayed siliceous spicules are belongs to the class &$. (iliceous spicules or sponging fibres or both are present or both are absent in the class: &&. (cypha &'. 9enus# flower basket &). 0lass rope sponge &*. :reshwater sponge '+. 8ath sponge '1. 5ead man#s finger '2. 41amples of 3alcarea ' . 41amples of He1actinellida '". 41amples of 5emospongia

Phylum : 3nidaria 1. 3nidarians are previously called as 2. Habitat of 3nidaria . (ymmetry of cnidaria ". (ymmetry of (ea anemone $. The name cnidaria derived from &. (tinging cells of 3nidaria '. 3nidocytes or cnidoblast are mostly present on ). 3nidoblast cells are mostly used for *. The cells of Phylum : 3nidaria which are used for anchorage; defense ;and capture of prey 1+. :irst meta-oan phyla which e1hibit tissue level of organi-ation and diploblastic condition 11. No. of germ layers in 3nidaria 12. Type of organi-ation in cnidaria 1 . 3entral gastrovascular cavity of Phylum :3nidara is 1". The cavity which serves both digestive and circulatory functions in pHylum : 3nidaria 1$. 3nidaria earlier called coelentarata because 1&. The single opening of coelenteron which is helpful for both ingestion egestion 1'. Phylum with mouth and without <nus is 1). %ode of digestion in 3nidaria 1*. 5igestion occur in the coelenterons called 2+. 5iestion occur in the nutritive muscular cells of the endoderm called

21. <rrangement of nervous tissue in Phylum : 3nidaria is 22. Nervous tissue formed by non polari-ed nerve cells in 2 . (ensory structures of medusoid forms 2". 41oskeleton of !coral forming cnidarians# is composed of 2$. The two basic body forms of 3nidarians are 2&. (essile and cylindrical body form of 3nidaria 2'. 41amples for Polyp stages 2). :ree swimming; umbrella shaped form of Phylum : 3nidaria 2*. 41amples for medusa stage +. 3nidarians which e1ist in both forms e1hibit alternation of generations called 1. !Polypoid forms produce medusase ase1ually and medusa form the polypoid forms se1ually#. This feature called as 2. 41ample for %etagenesis . %ethod of ase1ual reproduction in 3nidaria ". %ethod of se1ual reproduction in 3nidaria $. %ode of development in 3nidaria &. The free swimming ciliated larva of Phylum : 3nidaria is '. The three classes of Phylum : 3nidaria ). (olitary animal of Hydro-oa *. 3olonial animal of Hydro-oa "+. 7ife history includes sedentary;ase1ual; polypoid form and free swimming; se1ual; medusoid form alternating with each other in "1. %esoglea of Hydro-oa "2. 3oelenteron of Hydro-oa " . 3nidocyte of Hydro-oa occur in "". 0erm cells if Hydro-oa are derived from

"$. Polymorphism is the characteristic feature of "&. 41ample of Polymorphism "'. < single individual in the colony of polymorphic form is called as "). :resh water polyp of 3lass Hydro-oa "*. (ea fur of Hydro-oa is $+. Portugese man of war is $1. 41amples of Hydro-oa is $2. /n Physalia the word !%an of war# means $ . Physalia has many tentacles provided with venomous stinging cells that are harmful to other organisms. Hence the name $". (cypho-oans are commonly referred as $$. (chypho-oans bear large =uantity of .elly like mesoglea . Hence named as $&. (olitary and medusoid forms is the characteristic feature of class $'. The four oral arms in class : (cypho-oa surrounds $). 3oelenteron of schypho-oa divides into $*. %esoglea of scypho-oan contain &+. 3nidocytes of scypho-oan occur in &1. 0erm cells in (cypho-oa derived from &2. >elly fish of moon .elly is & . 41amples of 3lass : (cypho-oa &". 3lass : <ntho-oa is also called as &$. <ntho-oans are commonly referred to as &&. (edentary in nature and presence of only polypoid form are the characteristic features of &'. 3ollection of <ntho-oa divided into several compartmens by vertical septa called &). %esoglea of <ntho-oa contain &*. 3nidocytes of <ntho-oa are present in

'+. 0ermcells of <ntho-oa are derived from '1. (cientific name of sea anemone '2. Precious red stone coral is ' . (cientific name of (ea fan '". (cientific name of (ea pen '$. 41amples of 3lass : <ntho-oa

PH?7@% : 3T4N,PH,A<

1. 3lose relatives of 3nidarians are 2. (ea walnuts; 3omb .ellies; (ea goose berries are belongs to the Phylum . Habitat of Phylum : 3tenophora ". Type of symmetry in 3tenophora $. No. of 0erm layers in 3tenophora &. Type of 8ody organi-ation i*n 3tenophora '. The e1ternal rows of ciliated structures on the body of 3tenophora are called ). :unction of 3omb plates in 3tenophora *. 3omb plates are helopful for locomotion Hence the phylum Named as 1+. 3nidocytes in 3tenophora are 11. The glue cells of 3tenophora are 12. 7asso cells are also called as 1 . The cells which are help ful for food capture in ctenophore 1". 5igestion in 3tenophora 1$. The property of emitting light by living organisms is called as 1&. 8iolumniscnence is well marked in the Phylum :

1'. 3tenophores are called %onoecious B 8ecause 1). %ethod of reproduction in 3tenophora 1*. Type of fertili-ation in 3tenophora 2+. %ode of development in 3tenophora 21. 7arval form of 3tenophora is 22. Phylum : 3tenophora is classified into 2 . <dults of this class possess two aboral tentacles 2". The class without tentacles even in the larval stages 2$. 41amples of 3tenophora 2&. 41amples of Tentaculata 2'. 41amples of Nuda 2). (ymmetry in (ea anemones and (ea walnuts

PH?7@% : P7<T?H47%/NTH4( 1. ,rganisms of Platyhelminthes are called flat worms because 2. %ost of the organisms are called endoparasites because . Type of symmetry in Platyhelminthes ". No. of germlayers in platyhelminthes $. Type of coelom in Platyhelminthes &. %ode of organi-ation in Platyhelminthes '. :irst appeared characters in Platyhelminthes ). (egementation of body in Platyhelminthes is

*. Pseudometamerically segmented class in Phylum : Platyhelminthes 1+. %ode of locomotion in Platyhelminthes 11. 3ephalisation in Platyhelminthes is 12. <daptations in parasitic forms 1 . Phyla with mouth and without anus is 1". 3ondition of Nervous system in Platyhelminthes 1$. 7adder like system is formed in Platyhelminthes by 1&. (pecialised e1cretory cells of Platyhelminthes 1'. :unction of flame cells 1). These are called %onoecious . 8ecause 1*. %ode of fertili-ation in Platyhelminthes 2+. Type of development in Platyhelminthes 21. < larva produce many larval forms is called as 22. %embers of Platyhelminthes with High degree of regeneration capacity 2 . Phylum : Platyhelminthes is classified into three classes . Namely 2". %ostly free living ; unsegemented flat worms are belongs to the class 2$. !8ody wall bear cilia and Ahabdites occur in epidermals cells# is the characteristic feature of 2&. %ucus forming structures of Turbellaria are termed as 2'. %ode of reproduction in Turbellaria 2). Type of development in Turbellaria 2*. :ree swimming ciliated larva of Turbellaria is +. 41amples of Turbellaria 1. Trematodes are commonly called as 2. Type of interaction between the trematodes and other animals . 8ody of trematodes are covered by thick cuticle which is called as

". No. of suckers in trematodes $. 7ocation of suckers in Trematoda &. <cetabulum of Trematoda is '. 7ocation of mouth in Trematoda ). 8ifurcated intestine is the characteristic feature of this class *. Trematodes are called %onoecious because "+. 3omple1 life history with many hosts and different types of stages including polyembryonic larvae is the characteristic feature of "1. 7arval forms of Trematoda "2. Polyembryonic larval forms of 3lass : Trematoda " . (cientific name of 7iver fluke "". (cientific name of 8lood fluke "$. 3ommon name of 8ilhar-ia "&. 41amples of class : Trematoda "'. Tapeworms belongs to the class "). !<ll are endoparasites# is the characteristic feature of this class "*. 8ody is covered by syncytial tegument in $+. The segment like units of body of 3estodes is called as $1. !Proglottids are not true segments# Hence the segmentation of cestodes is $2. (cole1; neck; (trobila is the body division of this class $ . The body part of tapeworms which bear hooks ; suckers and bothridia $". 7eaf like outgrowths of (cole1 are called as $$. (tructures for anchoring in tapeworms $&. The class of Platyhelminthes without mouth and gastrovascular cavity $'. Tapeworms are called as 8ise1ual because

$). 3omple1 life history with many hosts and development is indirect with cysticercous larva in $*. 3ysticercous larva is also called as &+. (cientific name of Pork tape worm &1. (cientific name of 5og tape worm &2. 41amples of class : cestoda PH?7@% : N4%<T,5< 1C The body of a nematode is circular in cross6section ; Hence they are commonly known as 2C Tube with in a tube is the characteristic feature of C < one way gut is the characteristic feature of "C Habit and habitat of Nematodes $C Parasitic nematodes show parasitism on &C Type of ,rganisation in Nematoda or <schelminthes 'C (ymmetry in Nematoda is )C 8ody ,rganisation in Nematoda is *C No. of germ layers in Nematoda is 1+C Type of 3oelom in Nematoda 11C (egmentation in Nematoda 12C Tough and Protective collagenous cuticles is the uni=ue characteristic feature of 1 C 4pidermis of (ome Nematodes 1"C 3omplete gut is the characteristic feature of 1$C <limentary canal begins with mouth and ends with <nus in 1&C %uscular part of <limentary canal in Nematoda 1'C %ost part of alimentary canal in Nematoda is non muscular because 1)C 41cretory gland of Nematoda is 1*C 41cretory system of Nematoda consists of

2+C Nervous system of Nematoda consists of 21C Nerve ring surrounds pharyn1 in Nematoda . Hence called as 22C (ense organs of Nematoda are 2 C Nematodes are called 5ioecious because 2"C (e1ual dimorphism means 2$C :emales of Nematoda 2hen compared with male are 2&C Posterior end of %ale Nematodes is 2'C 3urved posterior end with a lcoacal aperture and one or two copulatory or Penial spicules are characteristic feature of 2)C :ertili-ation of Nematodes is 2*C ,viparous Nematode +C ,voviviparous Nematode 1C !/f young ones resemble the adult called >uveniles ! (uch development called as 2C D/f young one do not resemble the adult and embryonic stage termed as larvaE (uch development is termed as C %ode of development in Nematoda is "C Number of moults re=uire to a Nematode to grow adulut from larval stage $C Number of body cells ; Number of Nuclei in <dult Nematode is &C 0rowth of body not by the division of cells ; only due to the growth in the si-e of the cells occur ; (uch growth can be referred to as 'C Hyper trophy means )C ,nly ,rgan which can perform the division of cells in the adulut Nematode body *C Phylum : Nematoda is classified into "+C The cuticular depressions around oral region performing chemoreceptor function in Nematoda are called as "1C Posterior glandulo sensory structures of Nematoda "2C Highly modified <mphids are present 8ut phasmids are absent in

" C (cientific name of trichinia worm ""C (cientific name of 2hip worm "$C 41amples of <phasmidia "&C <mphids are simple and Phasmids are present and e1cretory system is well developed in this class "'C (cientific name of round worm ")C (cientific name of hook worm "*C (cientific name of Pin worm $+C (cientific name of :ilarial worm $1C 41amples of class : Phasmidia

<ATHA,P,5<
1. 7argest phylum of the Fingdom : <nimalia 2. 7argest class of the kingdom : <nimalia . The phylum which )+G of animals species are belongs to the <rthropoda ". ,ver two H third of all named species are belongs to the phylum $. (ymmetry of phylum : <rthropoda &. No. of germ layers in phylum <rthropoda '. (egmentation in phylum : <rthropoda is ). 3oelom in Phylum : <rthropoda is *. Protective body cover of Phylum : <rthropoda is 1+. Periodical shedding of e1oskeleton of <rthropoda is called as 11. %oulting or 4cdysis in Phylum : <rthropoda facilitates 12. 8asic tagma of Phylum : <rthropoda are

1 . /n <rthropoda !arthros# means 1". /n <rthropoda !podium# means 1$. Presence of .ointed appandages are the characteristic feature of this phylum 1&. %uscles aid in the rapid locomotion of <rthropoda 1'. %uscles appeared for the first time in 4volution in the <rthropoda 1). True body cavity of <rthropoda reduced to the spaces around 1*. 8ody cavity of <rhropods is called as 2+. Haemocoel of <rhropoda derived from 21. Aespiratory organs of phylum : <rthropoda are 22. Type of circulatory system in Phylum : <rthropoda 2 . Position of heart in <rthropoda 2". 3opper containing respiratory pigment is 2$. Aespiratory pigment which is dissolved in the haemolymph of crustaceans and chelicerates 2&. Aeason for nervous system of <rthropoda is considered as <nnelidan type 2'. 3ircum enteric nerve ring of <nnelids surrounds 2). 3ircum enteric nerve ring of <rthropoda surrounds 2*. 7ocation and number of nervecords in <rthropoda +. (ensory organs of Phylum : <rthropoda are 1. Types of eyes in Phylum : <rthropoda are 2. ,rgans of balance of e=uilibrium are . 41cretroy organs of Phylum : <rthropoda are ". 5ioecious means $. 0onochoric means &. :ertili-ation of Phylum : <rthropoda usually '. %ost <rthropods lay eggs . Hence called as

). %ode of development in Phylum : <rthropoda *. 7ife history of <rthropoda include one to many larval stages B Hence the mode of development called as "+. Process of larva to become adult in Phylum : <rthropoda is called as "1. 4conomically important insects of Phylum : <rthropoda "2. The insect 7accifer is also called as " . 9ectors of common pathogens are "". 0regarious pest of <rhropoda "$. The three subphyla of Phlum : <rthropoda are "&. The subphylum with e1tinct marine arthropods "'. Numerous; similar; 8iramous appandages is the characteristic feature of "). 7obes of Trilobita are "*. Number of median lobes in Trilobita $+. Numbers of lateral lobes in the body of Trilobita $1. Number of lobes which the body of Trilobite dividied into $2. No. of prominent longitudinal furrows in Trilobita which divides the body into three lobes $ . !Trilobita# means $". 41amples of sub phylum : Trilobita $$. (ubphylum with their body tagma as prosoma and opisthosoma is $&. Prosoma is also called as $'. ,pisthosoma is also called as $). ,pisthosoma is further divided into $*. No. of pairs of appandages in Prosoma are &+. :irst pair of appendage of Prosoma is &1. <ppandage modified for feeding is &2. Aespiratory organs of subphylum : 3helicerata are

& . No. of segments in the cephalothora1 or prosoma of 3helicerata are &". No. of segments in the abdomen or ,pisthosoma of 3helicerata are &$. 41tant subphylum without <ntennae and .aws ImandiblesC &&. 3lasses of (ub Phylum : 3helicerata &'. %arine organisms with branchial respiration is the characteristic feature of &). 3lass with both e1tinct and three e1tant genera &*. The tagma with broad horse shoe shaped carapace in Jiphosura '+. 1st pair of appendage on the prosoma of Jiphosura is '1. No. of pair of appandages which are helpful for locomotion in Jiphosura '2. No. of pairs of walking legs in Jiphosura ' . No. of pairs of Pusher legs in Jiphosura '". No. of pairs of appandages in mesosoma of Jiphosura '$. :irst pair of appandages of mesososma in Jiphosura fused and form '&. 8ook gills in Jiphosura are the modified appandages of this tagma ''. No. of pairs of mesosomal appandages which are modified as book gills in Jiphosura '). Aespiratory organs of Jiphosura are '*. %etasoma of Jiphosura end as )+. 7arval form of animals of Jiphosura )1. <nimal of Jiphosura which is considered as living fossil )2. 3ommon name of 7imulus ) . 41ample for 3lass : 1iphosura )". Habitat of <rachnida )$. 1st pair of appendage of Prosoma in <rachnida is )&. 2nd pair of appendage of prosoma in <rachnida is )'. No. of pairs of walking legs in <rachnida

)). The tagma which bear walking legs as appandages in <rachnida )*. Total no. of appandages arise from the prosoma of <rachnids *+. %eso somal appandages of <rachnids are modified as *1. (pinnarets are uni=ue feature of *2. (pinnarets are the modified appandages of * . No. of posterior abdominal appandages which are modified as spinnarets in (pider *". Aespiratory organs of (corpions and some spiders are *$. Aespiratory organs of (piders *&. <rachnid with Tracheae or 8ook lungs or 8oth are as respiratory organs is *'. Aespiratory pigment of <rachnida is *). 41cretory organs of <rachnids are **. 5evelopment in <rachnida is 1++. 1+1. 1+2. 1+ . 1+". 1+$. 1+&. 1+'. 1+). 1+*. 11+. 111. 112. 9iviparous animals of <rachnida are (cientific name of (corpion (cientific name of (pider (cientific name of /tch mite 41amples of <rachnida are Habitat of (ubphylum : %andibulata Tagmata of %andibulata are Head of sub phylum : mandibulata bear Aespiratory organs of (ubphylum : %andibulata are Habitat of class : 3rustacea Tagmata of class : 3rustacea 3ephalothora1 of 3rustacea formed by the fusion of 3ephalothora1 of class : 3rustacea covered by a chitinous structure called

11 . 11". 11$. 11&. 11'. 11). 11*. 12+. 121. 122. 12 . 12". 12$. 12&. 12'. 12). 12*. 1 +. 1 1. 1 2. 1 .

The material which hardened the e1oskeleton of crabs and lobsters is No. of pairs of antennae which arise from the cephalic region of class : 3rustacea The two pairs of antennae of 3rustacea ; respectively are @ni=ue feature of class : 3rustacea 8iramous appendages of class : 3rustacea arises from Aespiratory organs of class : 3rustacea 0reen glands or <ntennary glands of 3rustacea for (ense organs of 3rustaceans are 5evelopment in 3lass : 3rustacea (cientific name of freshwater prawn (cientific name of crab (cientific name of Aock barnacle (cientific name of Aoot headed barnacle (cientific name of 3ray fish (cientific name of water flea 41amples of class 3rustacea 3entipedes belongs to the class The word !3entipede# means Habitat of 3hilopoda Terresterial; air breathing; carnivorous animals of <rthropoda belongs to the class Tagmata of 3hilopoda The tagmata of chilopoda which bear a pair of clawed appendages in each segment :irst pair of trunk appendages in chilopoda bear 41cretory organs of 3hilopoda are 41apmles of 3lass : 3hilopoda

1 ". 1 $. 1 &. 1 '.

1 ). 1 *. 1"+.

(colopendra and (cutigera are commonly known as %illepedes belongs to the class !%illepede# means

1"1. Terrestrial; air breathing animals of <rthropoda which feed on decaying plant materials are belongs to the class 1"2. Tagmata of 5iplopoda are

1" . The tagmata of 5iplopoda which bear paired antennae; mandible; ma1illae as appendages 1"". 1"$. 1"&. 1"'. 1"). 1"*. 1$+. 1$1. 1$2. 1$ . 0nathochilarium of 5iplopoda is the modified form of No. of pairs of legs in each trunk segment in 5iplopoda Aespiratory organs of 3lass : 5iplopoda are 41cretory organs of 3lass : 5iplopoda are 41amples of 3lass : 5iplopoda (pirostreptus and >ulus are commonly known as %ost successful and the largest group of animals on the earth are belongs to theclass Habitat without animals of class : /nsecta is 5istribution range of class: /nsecta is Tagmata of class : /nsecta are

1$". 3ompound eyes; antennae ; mandibles; ma1illae; and unpaired labium are the structures belongs to this tagma in class : /nsecta 1$$. 1$&. 1$'. 1$). 1$*. 1&+. 1&1. No. of segments in the thora1 of class : /nsecta 3lass : /nsecta is called He1apoda because >ointed legs of class : /nsecta are the appendages of 2ings of class /nsecta are the appendages of No. of pairs of wings present in the animals of class : /nsecta 2ingless insect Aespiratory organs of class : /nsecta

1&2. 1& .

41cretory organs of 3lass : /nsecta 41cretory material of class : /nsecta

1&". <nimals which e1crete uric acid as crystal as a water conservation adaptation are belongs to the class 1&$. 1&&. 41cretory material of uricotelic animals is 5evelopment of animals of class : /nsect is

1&'. 7arval stages or Nymphal stages are modifies into adult by undergoing many changes ! This process can be called as 1&). 1&*. 1'+. 1'1. (cientific name of cockroach (cientific name of House fly (cientific name of (ilver fish 41amples of 3lass : /nsecta

PH?7@% : %,77@(3< 1. @nsegmented schi-ocoelomate phylum 2. (econd largest phylum in the kingdom : <nimalia is . Habitat of Phylum : %ollusca ". (ymmetry of Phylum : %ollusca $. <ysmmetrical molluscan &. 8ody cavity of Phylum : %ollusca '. 8ody of Phylum : %ollusca is covered by ). *. (hell of %olluscans is made up of 8ody division in Phylum : %ollusca is

1+. 9isceral mass of %olluscan is also called as 11. The layer which covers the visceral mass

12. < soft and spongy layer of skin which is present over the visceral mass of molluscan is 1 . (hell of %olluscan secreted from 1". The space between the visceral mass and the matle is called as 1$. 3omb like gills of %olluscan are called as 1&. 3tenidia are present in 1'. (tructure of %olluscan which perform respiratory and e1cretory functions 1). 7ocation of sensory tentacles in %ollusca 1*. 8ody cavity of a molluscan is called as 2+. True coelom of %olluscan is confined to 21. :ile like rasping organ present in the buccal catiy of moluscan is called as 22. Aadula is absent in 2 . Type of circulatory system in %ollusca 2". %olluscan group with closed circulatory system 2$. 3opper containing respiratory pigment present in the Haemolymph of %olluscans is 2&. Nervous system in %olluca include 2'. (ense organs of Phylum : %ollusca are 2). (ense organ which test the purity of water in Phylum : %ollusca 2*. %olluscan groups which contain ,sphradium as sense organ +. 41cretory organs of Phylum : %ollusca is 1. Type of Fidney in %ollusca is 2. !%olluscans are usually dioecious# means . !%olluscans lay eggs ! Hence called as ". %ode of development in Phylum : %ollusca $. %odified trochopore larva is called as &. Phylum : %ollusca is classified as

'. /n <placophora !a# means ). /n <placophora !placos# means *. /n <placophora ! pherein# means "+. !<placophora# means "1. Primitive worm like molluscans without mantle; shell; foot and nephridia are belongs to the class "2. 3ondition of head in class : <placophora " . 3ondition of ! Aadula# in class : <placophora "". 3uticle of <placophora contains "$. !%id ventral grooveE of <placophorans is homologous to "&. 41amples of <placophora "'. !2orm like# %arine molluscans are "). /n !Polyplacophora# !poly# means "*. /n polyplacophora !placos# means $+. /n polyplacophora !pherein# means $1. Polyplacophora means $2. 3lass include ! chitons# is $ . !8ilaterally symmetrical; dorsoventrally flattened chitons# are belongs to this class $". Position of shell in Polyplacophora $$. No. of transverse plates or valves which shell of polyplachophra dividied into $&. Position of foot in polyplacophorans $'. 9entral; elongated flat foot is characteristic feature of this class $). No. of pair of gills in Polyplachophora $*. 7arval form of Polyplacophora is &+. %embers of which class were believed to have become e1tinct millions of years ago &1. !%onoplacophora# means

&2. %onoplacophoran collected from the deep sea off the pacific coast of costarica in 1*$2 & . ,ceanographic research vessel where Neopilina found is &". (ymmetry of %onoplacophorans is &$. /nternal organs which show serial repetition in Neopilina &&. :eature which can be described as internal segmentation in %ollusca &'. (hell of %onoplacophorans is &). No. of atria in the heart of %onoplacophorans is &*. No. of ventricles in the heart of %onoplacophorans is '+. Heart of monoplacophorans contain '1. 41amples of %onoplacophora '2. 7argest and most diverse class of the Phylum : %ollusca ' . /n 0astropoda !0aster# means '". /n 0astropoda ! podos# means '$. The class which snails; slugs and limphets are belongs to '&. Habitat of class : 0astropoda ''. Habitat of most gastropods is '). @nivalvular and spirally coiled shell is the uni=ue feature of this class '*. 0astropod with e1ternal shell )+. 0astropod with internal shell )1. 0astropod without shell )2. Head of 0astropod is ) . Aadula in 0astropoda is )". 9entral flattened muscular structure helps in creeping in 0astropoda is )$. Aespiratory organs of class : 0astropoda is )&. 7ungs of 0astropods is called as

)'. 5uring embryonic development one side of the visceral mass grows faster than the other side : this uneven growth rotates the visceral mass upto 1)+ . This process is called as )). 3lass with Torsion as characteristic feature )*. 0astropods are called !dioecious# means *+. 5evelopment in 0astropoda *1. 7arval form of 0astropoda is *2. (cientific name of <pple snail * . (cientific name of (ea hare *". (cientific name of (ea lemon *$. 41amples of class : 0astropoda *&. /n (caphopoda !(capho# means *'. Habitat of class ! scaphopoda# *). (caphopodans are commonly called as **. (hell of scaphopodans is tubular and tusk like opening at both ends BHence called as 1++. 1+1. 1+2. 1+ . 1+". 1+$. 1+&. 1+'. 1+). 1+*. 11+. 111. (hape of the foot in !(caphopoda is :oot of scaphopodans is used for (tructures absent in scaphopoda are 7arge number of thread like structures present in the scaphopoda are :unction of cataculi of scaphopoda is 41amples of scaphopoda are (cientific name of tusk shells or tooth shells 3lass : Pelecypoda is also called as 3lass: 7amellibranchiata is also called as /n pelecypoda !pelekys# means :oot is !2edge shaped ! . Hence the class named as %ussels ;oysters ;clams; are belongs to the class

112. 11 . 11". 11$. 11&. 11'. 11). 11*. 12+. 121. 122. 12 . 12". 12$. 12&. 12'. 12). 12*. 1 +. 1 1. 1 2. 1 .

(hell of pelecypods is made up of two valves . Hence called as 3ondition of Head and sensory appendages in class : Pelecypoda (hape of foot in Pelecypoda :oot of Pelecypoda help ful for Pelecypod with 8yssus threads is (trucutres of Pelecypoda help in attaching the substratum %olluscan class without Aadula is %ode of nutrition in Pelecypoda 7ocation 3rystalline style in the Pelecypods :unction of 3rystalline style Pelecypods are called lamellibranchiates. 8ecause Pelecypods are called 5ioecious . 8ecause %ode of development in Pelecypoda 7arval forms of Pelecypoda 7arval form of @nio 7arval form which adapoted for parasitic life on the gills of fish (cientific name of freshwater mussel (cientific name of %arine water mussel (cientific name of Pearl oyster 41amples of Pelecypoda /n !3ephalopoda# cephalo means 3lass : 3ephalopoda is also called as 3ondition of Head in 3ephalopoda 3ondition of eyes in cephalopoda (tructures of cephalopoda which are similar to vertebrates

1 ". 1 $. 1 &.

1 '. 1 ). 1 *. class 1"+. 1"1. 1"2. 1" . 1"". 1"$. 1"&. 1"'. 1"). 1"*. 1$+. 1$1. 1$2. 1$ . 1$". 1$$. 1$&. 1$'. 1$). 1$*. 1&+. 1&1.

Horny beak like structures of cephalopoda are 3ondition and location of radula in cephalopoda 3onspicuous eyes; horny beak like .aws and radula are the characteristic features of this 3ephalopod with e1ternal multichamered shell (hell of sepia is commaonly called as (hell of 7oligo is commonly called as 3ephalopod without shell (tructure modified into arms in 3ephalopoda 3ephalopod with ) arms 3ephalopods with 1+ arms !siphon# of 3ephalopoda is modified part of (tructure which bear suckers (tructures which surround in cephalopoda (tructures which are useful in swift darting movements are <nimals which possess ink glands are belongs to the class (tructures which e.ect a cloud of ink to escape from the predators 5efensive adaptation in cephalopoda 3ephalopods with two ctenidia ; two atria ; two nephridia are called as 3ephalopods with four ctenidia; four atria; four nephridia are called as 41ample for 5ibranchiata 41ample for Tetrabranchiata Type of circulatory system in 3ephalopoda <ll the classes of Phylum : mollusca are with open vascular system e1cept this class No. of atria in the heart of cephalopoda No. of ventricles in the heart of cephalopoda

1&2. 1& . 1&". 1&$. 1&&. 1&'. 1&). 1&*. 1'+. 1'1. 1'2. 1' .

2ell developed nervous system with a developed brain is the uni=ue feature of this class 8rain of cephalopod enclosed in 8rain case of cephalopod is made up of !cephalopods are called dioecious . 8ecause 5evelopment in 3ephalopoda is (cientific name of 3uttle fish (cientific name of 0iant s=uid (cientific name of 5evil fish Nautilus belongs to the class 41amples of cephalopoda 7argest living invertebrate is The class which largest invertebrate belongs to

43H/N,54A%<T<

1. Non chordate deuterostome phylum 2. Nonc chordate entercoelomate phylum . /n !4chinodermata# !echinos# means

". /n 4chinodermata ! dermos# means $. (ymmetry in adult echinoderms is &. Type of radial symmetry in 4chniodermata '. (ymmetry in larval forms of 4chinoderms ). Phylum with thick and spiny skin

*. (pines in 4chinodermata are supported by 1+. ,ssicles of 4chinodermata are made up of 11. %esodermal endoskeleton of 4chinoderms which supports the spines 12. !Pedicillariae# are the modified structures of 1 . 2ater vascular system of 4chinodermata is also called 1". %ost distinct feature of 4chinoderms is 1$. <mbulacral system is derived from 1&. <mbulacral system is helpful for 1'. @ni=ue system of 4chinodermata which is helpful for locomotion ; capture and transport of food and respiration 1). 2ater enters the ambulacral system through 1*. Type of circulatory system in 4chinodermata 2+. Phylum with open vascular system and without heart and blood vessels 21. Aespiratory organs of 4chinodermata are 22. Thin outer growths of the bodywal which are present between the spines of body of echinoderm are called as 2 . Aespiratory organs of (ea cucumbers are 2". 5ermal branchiae of echinoderms are also called as 2$. 41cretory organs of 4chinodermata are 2&. 41cretion in 4chinodermata is possible by 2'. 3ondition of Nervous system in 4chinodermata 2). 3ondition of brain in 4chinodermata 2*. 3ondition of sense organs in 4chinodermata +. 5ioecious animals with out se1ual dimorphism are belongs to the Phylum 1. %ethod of reproduction in 4chinodermata 2. %ethod of fertili-ation in 4chinodermata

. Type of development in 4chinodermata ". :ree swimming bilaterally symmetrical larva is the characteristic feature of this phylum $. 3ondition of power of regeneration in 4chinodermata &. /n autotomy !auto# means '. /n autotomy !tomy# means ). (elf mutilation process of 4chinodermata is also called as *. (elf amputation means "+. 2hen an echinoderm captured by predator it leaves certain body parts and escape out . This feature is called as "1. Hypothetical larva of 4chinodermata is "2. <ncestral larval form of all echinoderms is " . (ubphylums of 4chinodermata are "". The only class of (ubphylum : Pelmato-oa is "$. (essile stalked forms of Pelmato-oa "&. :ree swimming forms of Pelmato-oa "'. Position of mouth and anus in Pelmato-oa "). %adreporite in Pelmato-oa is "*. <mbulacral grooves of pelmato-oa are $+. /n 3rinoidea !crinon# means $1. /n 3rinoidea !eidos# means $2. The class of 4chinodermata with oldest and most primitive forms $ . 9iscera of 3rinodeans is enclosed in a calcareous test called as $". 3lass with 8iramous arms which bear pinnules is $$. :unction of pinnules in 3rinoidea $&. Pinnules are present on $'. 3lass with mouth and anus on ,ral surface is

$). <mbulacral grooves in crinoidea are $*. 3ondition of Tube feet in class 3rinoidea &+. (tructures absent in class : 3rinoidea &1. 7arva of class : 3rinoidea &2. 5oliolaria larva of feather stars grows into other larva called & . (talked sessile larva of feathers stars is &". (ea lily with stalk with cirri is &$. (ea lily with stalk without cirri is &&. 3rinoids without stalk are &'. (cientific name feather stars &). (essile crinoids attaches to the substratum with the help of &*. /n sub phlylum : 4leuthero-oa !eleuthero# means '+. :ree moving animals which do not posses stalk are .oined in the sub phylum : '1. ,pening present at oral surface of 4leuthero-oans is '2. 5irection of oral surface in 4leuthero-oa ' . <mbulacral grooves in 4leuthero-oa are '". The 4leuthero-oan group with opened ambulacral grooves '$. The four classes of (ub Phylum : 4leuthero-oa '&. The class which star fishes are belongs to ''. /n <steroidea !<ster# means '). 3ondition of arms in class : <steroidea '*. 3ondition of ambulacral grooves in class : <steroidea )+. 3ondition of tube feet in class : <steroidea )1. 3ondition of Pedicillarium in class : <steroidea )2. :unction pedicillarium in class : <steroidea

) . Position of madreporite in 3lass : <steroidea )". ,pening present at ventral side in class : <steroidea )$. ,pening present at 5orsal side in class : <steroidea )&. Aespiratory organs of class : <steroidea )'. 7arval forms of class : <steroidea are )). <nimals of <steroidea are commonly called as )*. 41amples of class : <steroidea *+. /n class : ,phiuroidea !ophiuros# means *1. /n class ,phiuroidea !eidos# means *2. !7onger arms which are clearly demarcated from the central disc of body# is the characteristic feature of * . :le1ible; fragile and branched arms is the characteristic feature of *". (erpentile lashing movement of arms in ,phiuroidea is helpful for *$. 3ondition of ambulacral grooves in class : ,phiuroidea *&. 3ondition of tube feet in in class : ,phiuroidea *'. Position of madreportire on class : ophiuroidea *). 3ondition of pedicillarium in class : ,phiuroidea **. 7ocation of anus in class : ,phiuroidea 1++. 1+1. 1+2. 1+ . 1+". 1+$. 1+&. 1+'. 7arval form of class : ,phiuroidea 8rittle stars ; serpent stars; basket stars are belongs to the class (cientific name of spiny brittle star (cientific name of basket star 41amples of class : ,phiuroidea /n class : 4chinoidea !echinos# means /n class 4chinoidea !eidos#means (ea urchin ; Hear urchins; sand dollars; sea biscuits; cake urchins re belongs to the class

1+). 1+*. 11+. 111. 112. 11 . 11". 11$. 11&. 11'. 11). 11*.

4chinodean with ovoid body 4chinoidean with discoid body ovoid or discoid body with movable spines is the characteristic feature of this class 3ondition of arms in class : 4chinoidea 3ondition of tube feet in class : 4chinoidea 3alcarious osicles of the body unite to form a rigid structure called Test or corona is also called as Test in class : 4chinoidea is formed by the fusion of Position of madreporite in class : 4chinoidea Position of <nus in class : 4chiniodea 3ondition of ambulacral grooves in class : 4chinoidea 3ondition of pedicillarium in class : 4chinoidea

12+. < comple1 five .awed masticatory apparatus which surrounds the mouth of sea urchin is called 121. 122. 12 . 12". 12$. 12&. 12'. 12). 12*. 1 +. 1 1. 1 2. 4chinodean without <ristotle lantern 7arval form of class : 4chinoidea (cientific name of (ea urchin (cientific name of heart urchin (cientific name of sand dollar 41amples of class : 4chinoidea /n class Holothuroidea !Holothurian# means 2ater polyps are also called as Holothuroideans are commonly known as 8ody form of Holothuroidea is (kin of Holothuroideans is 7eathery skin of Holothuroideans is also called as

5ermis of Holothuroideans containK 3ondition of <rms; spines; pedicillarium in class : Holothuroidea %outh of sea cucumbers is surrounded by Aefractile tentacles of Holothuroidea are useful for Aefractile tentacles of Holothuroideans is the modified form of 3ondition of ambulacral grooves in class : Holothruoidea 3ondition of tube feet in class : Holothuroidea Position of madreportie in class : Holothuroidea 3lass which contain madreporite in the coelom Aespiratory organs of Holothuroidea are No. of cloacal respiratory trees in Holothuroidea 7arval form of class : Holothuroidea (ea cucumbers of Holothuroidea 4chinoderm classes with pedicillarium 4chinoderm classes without pedicillarium 4chinoderm classes with closed ambulacral grooves 4chinoderm classes with opened ambulacral grooves 4chinoderm classes which tube feet bear suckers 4chinoderm classes which tube feet do not bear suckers 4chinoderm classes without madreporite 4chinoderm classes with madreporite 4chinoderm classes which mouth in oral position 4chinoderm classes which anus in oral position 4chinoderm classes which madreporite in aboral position 4chinoderm classes which madreporite in oral position

1 ". 1 $. 1 &. 1 '. 1 ). 1 *. 1"+. 1"1. 1"2. 1" . 1"". 1"$. 1"&. 1"'. 1"). 1"*. 1$+. 1$1. 1$2. 1$ . 1$". 1$$. 1$&. 1$'.

1$). 1$*. 1&+. 1&1. 1&2. 1& . 1&". 1&$. 1&&.

4chinoderm classes which mouth is upward in position 4chinoderm classes which anus is upward in position 4chinoderm classes which mouth is downward in position 4chnoderm classes which anus is downward in position 4chinoderm classes which mouth facing the substratum 4chinoderm classes which anus facing the substratum 4chinoderm class which mouth and madreporite are at same side 4chinoderm classes which do not have clearly demarcated arms 4chinoderm classes which don#t have arms

PH?7@% : H4%/3H,A5<T<

1. <nimals of this phylum are considered as Half chordates 2. 2hen Hemichordata is considered as a subphylum ; it is .oined in the Phylum . <t present Hemichordates are considered as separate phylum ; then .oined in the group called ". The small group of worm like animals which posses stomochord are .oined in this phylum $. (ymmetry in Hemichordata &. No. of germ layers in Hemichordata are three. Hence called as '. Type of coelom in Hemichordata ). 8ody form of Hemi chordate *. <nterior part of cylindrical body of Hemichordate is 1+. %iddle part of cylindrical body of Hemichordate is 11. 7onger posterior part of cylindrical body of Hemichordate is

12. < median buccal diverticulum which is considered as notochord earlier is now named as 1 . Aeason for earlier belief of Hemichordate as chordate is 1". Aeason for the removal of Hemichordates from chordate group 1$. (tomochord of Hemichordate e1tends anteriorly into 1&. Type of circulatory system in Hemichordata 1'. Position of heart in Hemichordata 1). No. of pairs of gill slits in Hemichordata 1*. Part of alimentary canal to which gill slits open 2+. 41cretory organs of Hemichordata 21. %ode of development in Hemichordata 22. 7arval form of Hemichordata 2 . The phylum which !(accoglossus ! belongs to 2". The two classes of Hemichordata are 2$. /n class 4nteropneusta !enteron# means 2&. /n class 4nteropneusta !pneustos# means 2'. <nimals of 4nteropneusta are commonly called as 2). Habitat of <nimals class : 4nteropneusta 2*. 7arval form of class : 4nteropneusta +. :ree swimming larval form of class : 4nteropneusta 1. 41amples of class : 4nteropneusta 2. :reeswimming; solitary and burrowing animals of Hemichordata are belongs to this class . /n Pterobranchia !pteron# means ". /n Pterobranchia !branchion# means $. (edentary;colonial and tube dwelling animals of Hemichordata are belongs to this class &. 3olonial pterobranchiate is

'. 41amples of class : Pterobranchia are