PL SQL

Query 1> List all the information from EMP, DEPT & SALGRADE tables.
SQL> select * from emp, dept, salgrade;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR |HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO DEPTNO

--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- -------------- -------------- ------------
DNAME LOC GRADE LOSAL HISAL
-------------- ------------- --------- --------- ---------
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20 40

OPERATIONS BOSTON 5 3001 9999
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10 40

7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30 40

7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20 40

7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30 40

7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20 40

7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10 40

Query 2> List the employee number, name, job title & hiredate of employees.
SQL> select empno, ename, job, hiredate from emp;
EMPNO ENAME JOB HIREDATE

---------------------------------------------------------
7369 SMITH CLERK 17-DEC-80
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 20-FEB-81
7521 WARD SALESMAN 22-FEB-81
7566 JONES MANAGER 02-APR-81
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 28-SEP-81
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 01-MAY-81
7782 CLARK MANAGER 09-JUN-81
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 19-APR-87
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 08-SEP-81
7876 ADAMS CLERK 23-MAY-87
7900 JAMES CLERK 03-DEC-81
7902 FORD ANALYST 03-DEC-81
7934 MILLER CLERK 23-JAN-82
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 3> List name, job, salary, annual salary of all employees.
SQL> select ename, job, sal, sal*12 "ANNUAL SALARY" from emp;
ENAME JOB SAL ANNUAL SALARY

----------------------------------------------------------------------
SMITH CLERK 800 9600
ALLEN SALESMAN 1600 19200
WARD SALESMAN 1250 15000
JONES MANAGER 2975 35700
MARTIN SALESMAN 1250 15000
BLAKE MANAGER 2850 34200
CLARK MANAGER 2450 29400
SCOTT ANALYST 3000 36000
KING PRESIDENT 5000 60000
TURNER SALESMAN 1500 18000
ADAMS CLERK 1100 13200
JAMES CLERK 950 11400
FORD ANALYST 3000 36000
MILLER CLERK 1300 15600
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 4> Display all different job types.
SQL> select job from emp group by job;
JOB
---------
ANALYST
CLERK
MANAGER
PRESIDENT
SALESMAN
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 5> List name & salary of all employees who are clerk.
SQL> select ename, sal from emp where job = 'CLERK';
ENAME SAL
---------- ---------
SMITH 800
ADAMS 1100
JAMES 950
MILLER 1300
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 6>List employee number, name, job, salary & hiredate of employees of dept number 20.
SQL> select empno, ename, job, sal, hiredate from emp where deptno = 20;
EMPNO ENAME JOB SAL HIREDATE

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
7369 SMITH CLERK 800 17-DEC-80
7566 JONES MANAGER 2975 02-APR-81
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 3000 19-APR-87
7876 ADAMS CLERK 1100 23-MAY-87
7902 FORD ANALYST 3000 03-DEC-81
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 7> List the name, job, salary of everyone hired on December 17, 1980.
SQL> select ename, job, sal from emp where hiredate = '17-DEC-80';
ENAME JOB SAL

----------------- --------- ---------
SMITH CLERK 800
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 8> List the department name & number greater then or equal to 20.
SQL> select dname, deptno from dept where deptno >= 20;
DNAME DEPTNO
----------------- ------------
RESEARCH 20
SALES 30
OPERATIONS 40
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 9> List name, salary & commission of employees whose commission is greater than
their salaries.
SQL> select ename,sal, comm from emp where comm > sal;
ENAME SAL COMM

------------------ --------- -------------
MARTIN 1250 1400
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 10> List name & employee numbers of managers who earn more than 2600. Display in
alphabetical order by name.
SQL> select ename, empno from emp where job = 'MANAGER' and sal >2600 order by
ename;
ENAME EMPNO
------------------------------
BLAKE 7698
JONES 7566
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 11> List the information about managers & president from the column job in EMP
table order by deptno.
SQL> select * from emp where job in ('MANAGER', 'PRESIDENT') order by deptno;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO

--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------------------------------------------------
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 12> List all employees whose name that do not end with letter ‘S’.
SQL> select * from emp where ename not like '%S';

--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ------------------------------------------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 13> List employees whose name falls in alphabetic range ‘C’ and ‘L’.
SQL> select * from emp where ename between 'C%' and 'L%';

--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ------------------------------------------
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 14> List employees whose name starts with letter ‘T’ & ends with ‘R’.
SQL> select * from emp where ename like 'T%R';

--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 15> List all row s from Emp table by converting NULL value in COMM column to 0.
SQL> select empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, sal, nvl(comm, 0) "COMM", deptno from emp;

--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ----------------------------------------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 0 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 0 20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 0 30
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 0 10
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 0 20
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 0 10
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 0 20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 0 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 0 20
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 0 10
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 16> List all employees who do not get any commission.
SQL> select ename from emp where comm = 0 or nvl(comm,0) = 0;
ENAME
----------
SMITH
JONES
BLAKE
CLARK
SCOTT
KING
TURNER
ADAMS
JAMES
FORD
MILLER
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 17> List name & hiredates of employees in department 20. Display the hiredate
formatted as ‘12/03/84’.
SQL> select ename, to_char(hiredate, 'mm/dd/yy') "HIREDATE" from emp where deptno =
20;
ENAME HIREDATE
---------- ---------------------
SMITH 12/17/80
JONES 04/02/81
SCOTT 04/19/87
ADAMS 05/23/87
FORD 12/03/81
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 18> List employees whose hiredate is in month of December(Using substr).
SQL> select ename, hiredate from emp where substr(hiredate,4,3) = 'DEC';
ENAME HIREDATE
---------- ---------------------
SMITH 17-DEC-80
JAMES 03-DEC-81
FORD 03-DEC-81
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 19> Find average annual salary in each department.
SQL> select deptno, avg(sal*12) "ANNUAL SALARY" from emp group by deptno;
DEPTNO ANNUAL SALARY

--------- --------------------------------------
10 35000
20 26100
30 18800
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 20> Count number of people in department 30.
SQL> select count(ename) "NO. OF EMPLOYEES" from emp where deptno = 30;
NO. OF EMPLOYEES
-----------------------------
6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 21> Compute the average, maximum & minimum salaries of each department.
SQL> select deptno,avg(sal) "AVG SAL",max(sal) "MAX SAL",min(sal) "MIN SAL" from
emp group by deptno;
DEPTNO AVG SAL MAX SAL MIN SAL

--------- --------- --------- --------------------------------
10 2916.6667 5000 1300
20 2175 3000 800
30 1566.6667 2850 950
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 24> How many employees work in NEW YORK.
SQL> select count(ename) "NO. OF EMPS IN NEW YORK" from emp

2 where deptno = (select deptno from dept where loc = 'NEW YORK');
NO. OF EMPS IN NEW YORK

------------------------------------------
3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 25> To display following output

NAME HIREDATE
SMITH JUNE, THIRTEEN 1998
| |
SQL> select ename, to_char(hiredate, 'MONTH, DDSP YYYY') "HIREDATE" from emp;
ENAME HIREDATE
---------- ----------------------------------------------------
SMITH DECEMBER , SEVENTEEN 1980
ALLEN FEBRUARY , TWENTY 1981
WARD FEBRUARY , TWENTY-TWO 1981
JONES APRIL , TWO 1981
MARTIN SEPTEMBER, TWENTY-EIGHT 1981
BLAKE MAY , ONE 1981
CLARK JUNE , NINE 1981
SCOTT APRIL , NINETEEN 1987
KING NOVEMBER , SEVENTEEN 1981
TURNER SEPTEMBER, EIGHT 1981
ADAMS MAY , TWENTY-THREE 1987
JAMES DECEMBER , THREE 1981
FORD DECEMBER , THREE 1981
MILLER JANUARY , TWENTY-THREE 1982
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 26> Find all departments which have more than 3 employees.
SQL> select deptno, count(ename) from emp group by deptno having count(ename) > 3;
DEPTNO COUNT(ENAME)
---------- ------------------------------------
20 5
30 6
Query 27> Find average salary & average total enumeration for each job type remember.
SQL> select job, avg(sal) "SALARY", count(job) "No.of Employees" from emp group by job;
JOB SALARY NO. OF EMPLOYEES

--------- ---------- ---------------------------------------
ANALYST 3250 2
CLERK 1037.5 4
MANAGER 2758.33333 3
PRESIDENT 5000 1
SALESMAN 1400 4
***************SUB-QUERIES***************
Query 29> Display employees who earn more than the lowest salary in department 30.
SQL> select ename from emp where sal > (select min(sal) from emp where deptno = 30);
ENAME
----------
ALLEN
WARD
JONES
MARTIN
BLAKE
CLARK
SCOTT
KING
TURNER
ADAMS
FORD
MILLER
Query 30> List employees who earn more than every employee in department 30.
SQL> select ename from emp where sal > (select max(sal) from emp where deptno = 30);
ENAME
----------
JONES
SCOTT
KING
FORD
Query 32> List employees in department 20 or where salary is greater than 3000.
SQL> select a.job JOB from emp a where a.deptno = 20

2 union
3 select b.job JOB from emp b where b.sal > 3000;
JOB
---------
ANALYST
CLERK
MANAGER
PRESIDENT
**************PL/SQL***************
Query 1> Create view vEmp containing employee number, name & calculated annual salary
For department 10.
SQL> create view vemp as select empno, ename, sal*12 "ANNUAL SALARY" from emp
where deptno = 10;
View created.
SQL> select * from vemp;
EMPNO ENAME ANNUAL SALARY

---------- ---------- ----------------------------------------
7782 CLARK 29400
7839 KING 60000
7934 MILLER 15600
Query 2> Create a view named vfleet from fleet_header such that it contains only the following
column day, depaeture time & the route_id.
SQL> create view vfleet as select day, fleet_header.route_id, time_travel from fleet_header,
ticket_
header where fleet_header.route_id = ticket_header.route_id;
View created.
SQL> select * from vfleet;
DAY ROUTE_ID TIME_TRA

--------- ---------- --------
10-APR-96 101 15:00:00
10-APR-96 101 15:00:00
10-APR-96 101 15:00:00
10-APR-96 101 15:00:00
10-APR-96 101 15:00:00
10-APR-96 101 15:00:00
10-APR-96 101 21:00:00
10-APR-96 101 21:00:00
10-APR-96 101 21:00:00
10-APR-96 101 21:00:00
10-APR-96 101 21:00:00
10-APR-96 101 21:00:00
10-APR-96 102 09:00:00
10-APR-96 102 09:00:00
10-APR-96 102 09:00:00
10-APR-96 102 09:00:00
10-APR-96 103 10:00:00
10-APR-96 103 10:00:00
10-APR-96 103 15:00:00
10-APR-96 103 15:00:00
Query 3> Create view vemplocation from emp & department table with following columns –
Employee number, name, hiredate, department number & location.
SQL> create view vemplocation as select empno, ename, emp.deptno, loc from emp, dept
2 where emp.deptno = dept.deptno;
View created.
SQL> select * from vemplocation;
EMPNO ENAME DEPTNO LOC

--------- ---------- --------- ------------- ------------------------
7369 SMITH 20 DALLAS
7499 ALLEN 30 CHICAGO
7521 WARD 30 CHICAGO
7566 JONES 20 DALLAS
7654 MARTIN 30 CHICAGO
7698 BLAKE 30 CHICAGO
7782 CLARK 10 NEW YORK
7788 SCOTT 20 DALLAS
7839 KING 10 NEW YORK
7844 TURNER 30 CHICAGO
7876 ADAMS 20 DALLAS
7900 JAMES 30 CHICAGO
7902 FORD 20 DALLAS
7934 MILLER 10 NEW YORK
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query4> create sequence enoseq with the following specifications minimum value 0, maximum
value 20, increment by 2, start with 1 with cycle &cache 10.
SQL> create sequence enoseq

2 increment by 2
3 start with 1
4 maxvalue 20
5 minvalue 0
6 cycle
7 cache 10
8 order;
Sequence created.
SQL> select enoseq.nextval from dual;
NEXTVAL
---------
1

NEXTVAL
---------
3
NEXTVAL
---------
5
NEXTVAL
---------
7
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 5> write a procedure to find whether the given year is leap year or not.
SQL> create procedure leap(year in number) is

2 begin
3 if (mod(year,4) = 0) then
4 dbms_output.put_line('LEAP YEAR');
5 else
6 dbms_output.put_line('NOT A LEAP YEAR');
7 end if;
8 end;
9 /
Procedure created.
SQL> exec leap(1996);

LEAP YEAR
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> exec leap(1997);

NOT A LEAP YEAR
Query 6> Write a procedure to find factorial of a given number.

SQL> create procedure fact(n in number) is
2 f number := 1;
3 i number := 1;
4 begin
5 while i <= n
6 loop
7 f := f*i;
8 i := i+1;
9 end loop;
10 dbms_output.put_line('FACTORIAL OF '||n||' IS '||f);
11 end;
12 /
Procedure created.
SQL> exec fact(5);

FACTORIAL OF 5 IS 120
SQL> exec fact(7);

FACTORIAL OF 7 IS 5040
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 7> Write a procedure fibo to print Nth Fibonacci number where n is any integer passed
as parameter to it . 0 1 1 2 3 5………………………………….N
SQL> create procedure fibo(n in number) is

2 a number := 0;
3 b number := 1;
4 c number;
5 i number := 1;
6 begin dbms_output.put_line(a);
7 dbms_output.put_line(b);
8 while i <= n
9 loop
10 c := a + b;
11 dbms_output.put_line(c);
12 a := b;
13 b := c;
14 i := i + 1;
15 end loop;
16 end;
17 /
Procedure created.
SQL> exec fibo(10);

0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89
Query 8> Write a procedure to insert new records into DEPT table use sequence to generate
Department number, new-dname & new-loc are passed as parameters to calling procedure.
SQL> create procedure ins_dept1(ndname in varchar2, nloc in varchar2) is

2 begin
3 insert into dept
4 values(dno_seq1.nextval, ndname, nloc);
5 commit;
6 end;
7 /
Procedure created.
SQL> exec ins_dept1('HR','NAGPUR');

SQL> select * from dept;

DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- ---------------------------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
50 HR NAGPUR
6 rows selected.
Query 9> Write a function spower which takes two arguments & return xⁿ.
SQL> create function spower(x in number, y in number)

2 return number is
3 z number := 1;
4 i number;
5 begin
6 for i in 1..y
7 loop
8 z := z*x;
9 end loop;
10 return z;
11 end;
12 /
Function created.
SQL> select spower(3,2) from dual;
SPOWER(3,2)
-----------
9
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 10> Write a function on EMP table which takes job & department as argument &
returns average salary for the given department & job type.
SQL> create function avg_sal (job1 in varchar2, dept in number)
2 return number is
3 aavgsal emp.sal%type;
4 begin
5 select avg(sal) into aavgsal from emp
6 where job = job1 and deptno = dept group by deptno;
7 return aavgsal;
8 end;
9 /
Function created.
SQL> select avg_sal(e.job,e.deptno) "AVERGAE SALARY" from emp e

2 where e.job = 'CLERK' and e.deptno = 10;
AVERGAE SALARY
--------------
1300
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 11> Write a function on EMP table which takes empno as argument & returns manager
name of the employee.
SQL> create function mgr(eno in number)

2 return varchar2 is
3 name emp.ename%type;
4 begin
5 select mng.ename into name from emp e, emp mng
6 where e.mgr = mng.empno and e.empno = eno;
7 return name;
8 end;
9 /
Function created.
SQL> select mgr(empno) MANAGER from emp where empno = 7788;

MANAGER
-----------------
JONES
SQL> select mgr(empno) MANAGER from emp where empno = 7566;

MANAGER
----------------
KING
________________________________________________________________________________
_
Query 14> Write a PL/SQL program which checks whether the quantity in hand of a
particular item was less than 20 then a message should be displayed as “Quantity Not Enough”
SQL> ed prod.sql;
declare
id product.prod_cd%type := &id;
qty product.qty_on_hand%type;
begin
select qty_on_hand into qty from product where prod_cd = id;
if qty < 20 then
dbms_output.put_line(id||': QUANTITY NOT ENOUGH');
end if;
end;
/
SQL> start prod.sql;
Enter value for id: 'P004'
old 2: id product.prod_cd%type := &id;
new 2: id product.prod_cd%type := 'P004';
P004: QUANTITY NOT ENOUGH
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 15> Write a PL/SQL program that will select only those values from the ITEM table
where the itemid is 300 & Calculate the total to be price*quantity & print the value. If a value
is not found then message should be displayed.
declare
cursor c_prod is select item_id, actual_price, qty from item30 where item_id = 300;
tot number;
price item30.actual_price%type;
qty item30.qty%type;
id item30.item_id%type;
begin
open c_prod;
fetch c_prod into id, price, qty;
if c_prod%notfound then
dbms_output.put_line('NOT FOUND');
else
tot := price*qty;
dbms_output.put_line('TOTAL PRICE FOR ITEMID '||id||' is '||tot);
end if;
close c_prod;
end;
/
SQL> start it_qty.sql;
TOTAL PRICE FOR ITEMID 3000 is 2430000
SQL> start it_qty.sql;
NOT FOUND
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Query 16> write a PL/SQL program that will select all rows from EMP table. The block should
print the number of rows returned, the values of empno column & the corresponding ename.
SQL> ed emp.sql;
DECLARE
CURSOR c_emp is select empno, ename from emp;
eno emp.empno%type;
ename emp.ename%type;
BEGIN
open c_emp;
dbms_output.put_line('EMPNO ENAME');
dbms_output.put_line('------------------------------');
loop
fetch c_emp into eno, ename;
exit when c_emp%NOTFOUND;
dbms_output.put_line(eno||' '||ename);
end loop;
dbms_output.put_line('------------------------------');
dbms_output.put_line(c_emp%ROWCOUNT||' ROWS SELECTED');
close c_emp;
END;
/
SQL> start emp.sql;

EMPNO ENAME
-----------------------------
7369 SMITH
7499 ALLEN
7521 WARD
7566 JONES
7654 MARTIN
7698 BLAKE
7782 CLARK
7788 SCOTT
7839 KING
7844 TURNER
7876 ADAMS
7900 JAMES
7902 FORD
7934 MILLER
---------------------------
14 ROWS SELECTED
________________________________________________________________________________
_

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Query 1> List all the information from EMP, DEPT & SALGRADE tables.

SQL> select * from emp, dept, salgrade;

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR |HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO DEPTNO

7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20 40

7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10 40

7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30 40

7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20 40

7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30 40

7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20 40

7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10 40

SQL> select empno, ename, job, hiredate from emp;

EMPNO ENAME JOB HIREDATE

ENAME JOB SAL ANNUAL SALARY

Query 4> Display all different job types.

SQL> select job from emp group by job;

SQL> select ename, sal from emp where job = 'CLERK';

EMPNO ENAME JOB SAL HIREDATE

ENAME JOB SAL

ENAME SAL COMM

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO

SQL> select * from emp where ename not like '%S';

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO

SQL> select * from emp where ename like 'T%R';

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO

Query 18> List employees whose hiredate is in month of December(Using substr).

SQL> select ename, hiredate from emp where substr(hiredate,4,3) = 'DEC';

DEPTNO ANNUAL SALARY

Query 20> Count number of people in department 30.

DEPTNO AVG SAL MAX SAL MIN SAL

Query 24> How many employees work in NEW YORK.

SQL> select count(ename) "NO. OF EMPS IN NEW YORK" from emp

NO. OF EMPS IN NEW YORK

Query 25> To display following output

JOB SALARY NO. OF EMPLOYEES

SQL> select a.job JOB from emp a where a.deptno = 20

SQL> select * from vemp;

EMPNO ENAME ANNUAL SALARY

DAY ROUTE_ID TIME_TRA

SQL> select * from vemplocation;

EMPNO ENAME DEPTNO LOC

SQL> create sequence enoseq

SQL> select enoseq.nextval from dual;

SQL> select enoseq.nextval from dual;

SQL> select enoseq.nextval from dual;

SQL> select enoseq.nextval from dual;

SQL> create procedure leap(year in number) is

SQL> exec leap(1996);

SQL> exec leap(1997);

Query 6> Write a procedure to find factorial of a given number.

SQL> exec fact(5);

SQL> exec fact(7);

SQL> create procedure fibo(n in number) is

SQL> exec fibo(10);

SQL> create procedure ins_dept1(ndname in varchar2, nloc in varchar2) is

SQL> exec ins_dept1('HR','NAGPUR');

SQL> select * from dept;

SQL> create function spower(x in number, y in number)

SQL> select spower(3,2) from dual;

SQL> select avg_sal(e.job,e.deptno) "AVERGAE SALARY" from emp e

SQL> create function mgr(eno in number)