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Complete report of Animal Development with title Gave medicine to Mus musculus, that arranged by: Name : Yusnira 1214441011 II (two) ICP A of Biology

Registration Number : Group Class : :

After checked and consulted by Assistant and Assistant Coordinator, so this report was accepted.

Makassar, November Assistant Coordinator, Assistant,

2013

Known by, Lecturer of Responsibility

Drs. H. Hamka L.Ms ID. 19621231 198702 1 005

A. Basic Theory
Mus musculus is ordinary house mice belong to the order Rodentia and Family Muridae. Adult mice weighing between 25-40 grams and have a wide range of colors. Majority of mice in laboratory is albino strains that have white and pink feather. Mice is an animal that does not have sweat glands (glandula sebaseae), the cardiac consists of four chambers with atrium walls are thin and ventricular wall are thicker. Knowing the characteristic of animals to be tested are expected to further adjust and not treated improperly. In a dose to used for the use of medicine must be in accordance with data on the use of quantitative dose, because when the medicine was applied to the human body surface area comparisons performed (Adnan, 2013). Method to give is one of the factors that influence the effects of medicine, because characteristics of anatomy physiologycal and biochemical of environment different on the contact area of medicine, and body characteristics is different because blood supply is different. Enzymes and saps physiological there in different environment. It causes that the amount of medicine can achieve their places of work within the specified time will be different, depending on the method to give medicine (Katzug, B.G, 1989). Give medicine to oral is an action to help the healing process by providing medication by mouth in accordance with the doctor's treatment program (Sihombing, 2010). Method give medicine to oral is the most common medicine delivery because it is relatively easy and practical as well as inexpensive. The disadvantage is that many factors can affect bioavailabilitasnya (factors medicine, patient factors, interaction in the absorption in the gastrointestinal tract). The point of absorption of the medicine has its own characteristics. Some of them can be well absorbed in some way use, whereas others do not (Ansel, 1989). Besides topical gave to obtain a local effect on the skin or mucous membranes, the use of a medicine almost always involves the transfer of the medicine into the bloodstream. However, although these medicine work differently, but it can happen absorption into the bloodstream and can raise effects that are not cooled. Absorption into the blood were significantly influenced by the method of give medicine (Katzung, 1986). How to hold the animals as well as the method of determining the sex should also be known. How to hold the animals of each kind of animal is different and is determined by the nature of the animal, the physical state (large or small) as well as its purpose. Errors in the way it will be able to cause an accident or hips or pain to animals (this would make it difficult to perform injections or blood sampling) and also for those who hold it (Katzug, BG, 1989). Environmental factors that can affect the results of the experiment are internal factors and external factors, while the internal factors that can affect test results include biological variation (age and sex) in the younger age of the animals, the faster the reaction generated, race, and genetic traits , health and nutritional status, body weight and body surface area. External factors that can affect of the experiment include the oxygen supply, the maintenance of physiological environment (state of the enclosure, experience the animals in medicine reception, the room where the life circumstances such as temperature, humidity, ventilation, light, noise, and placement of the animals), maintenance structural integrity of tissues or organs when preparing for trial (Adnan, 2013).

B. Purpose To know how to give medicine for Mus musculus with intra muscular, intra peritoneal, subcutan, and oral method. C. Work Procedure 1. How to Hold the Mus musculus until ready to given Tip of mice raised with the right hand, place it in a place that is not slippery surface (eg, brake wire cage on the cover), so that when pulled, the mice will be gripping. pinch the skin at the nape of mice with the index finger and left thumb while the tail still held by the right hand, then the mice were reversed so that the body-facing surface of our stomach and tail clamped between the ring finger and little finger left hand. 2. How to give medicine to mice a. Oral Giving medicine on oral in mice conducted by syringe needle fitted oral or oral sonde (blunt-ended). Liquid the medicine is given using an oral sonde. oral sonde attached to the upper palate of mice and then enter slowly until incorporated esopagus and liquid medications. Preferably before inserting an oral sonde, the position of the head of mice was looking up and his mouth open slightly, so that the oral sonde will go in a straight line into the body. b. Subcutan Injections made under the skin the nape area, skin pinched between thumb and index finger. clean the skin area to be injected with alcohol 70%. enter the medicine using a 1 ml syringe in parallel from the front through the skin. cultivated done quickly to avoid bleeding that occurs due to the movement of the head of mice. successful administration of this drug if the syringe has passed through the skin and when the syringe is pressed, the fluid that was in it degan quick entry to the area under the skin. c. Intra muscular Medicine injected in the posterior thigh with a syringe d. Intra peritoneal Mice held in the above manner, when injection head lower than abdomen. needle is injected at an angle of approximately 10 of the abdomen the area a bit and pull off the center line, so that the syringe is not exposed to bladder and not too high so it is not exposed to live. D. Observation Result a. Oral

b. Subcutan

Observation c. Intra muscular

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Observation d. Intra peritoneal

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Observation

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E. Discussion a. Oral Hold the body of mice in accordance with the instructions. Body of mice in straight state with the head and mouth facing up in order to easy for injection. Then injected of medicineby through mouth to palatum in order to easy to esophafus. Injection position is straight to oral and used of spoit 1 ml. b. Subcutan Gave medicine through subcutan or under skin tissue.. Part body of mice which give medicine is the scruff. The position body of mice dorsal is top and ventral is bottom. Before it part of body which give medicine must basting by cotton that contain alcohol. This treatment in order to if injection, If injected, the body does not feel sick. The inject must penetrate skin of tissue. After that, injected medicine in the scruff. Be carefull to not inject deep or causing bleeding. c. Intra muscular Part body of mice injected is outer thigh posterior. Hold the tail of Mus musculus and then grab the scruff/ neck with the other hand. Then turned the body of mice. After that, hold the spoit then injected the medicine in posterior thigh muscle. d. Intra peritoneal Hold the tail of mice, then grab the scruf/neck. Then turned the body of mice, ventral is top and dorsal is bottom. Rub the alcohol to the part of body that will injected. After that, injected the medicine in the abdomen, be carefull to not inject too deep, so its will not caused bleeding or stuck the organs of mice. F. Conclusion Injected in mice, mice in a state of quiet (no stress) because at the time of stress, mice would be difficult for an injection. So we must know and understand the method of give medicine to Mus musculus. G. Suggestion The room should be well prepared in order to the practicum can going wel without noise.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ansel, Howard C. 1989. Pengantar Bentuk Sediaan Farmasi. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press. Gassing, Adnan. 2013. Guide Book of Animal Development. Makassar: State University of Makassar Katzung, Bertram G. 2001. Farmakologi Dasar dan Klinik. Jakarta: Salemba Medika. Sihombing, ferdinan. 2010. Memberikan Obat Oral. Surabaya: Airlangga Press. http://september.ucoz.com/farmakologi/PERCOBAAN_DASAR.pdf