Turbidity Analysis from Drinking Water with Turbidimeter, Spectrophotometric method

I.

Abstract

Clean water was important for human, particularly drinking water. Good quality drinking water can be assessed from a number of requirements, including the requirements of biological, chemical requirements, and physical requirements. The physical requirements include several parameters such as taste, smell, temperature, color and turbidity. In this research the writer only focused on turbidity parameters by using turbidimeter, spectrophotometric method. From this research, showed that the concentration of the sample drinking water brand Aqua is 0.5 NTU, the sample refill drinking water is 0.7 NTU and the water wells Bengkalis district is 2.0 NTU. All samples safe for public consumption because the results are below the maximum level of turbidity in clean water, 5.0 NTU.

II.

Introduction

Water is a chemical compound with formula H2O. Water is a liquid at standard ambient temperature and pressure. Water covers 71% of the Earths surface, and is vital for all know forms of life. The human body contains from 55% to 78% water, depending on body size. To function properly, the body requires between one and seven liters of water per day to avoid dehydration, the precise amount depends on the level of activity, temperature, humidity, and other factors. Thought most specialists agree that approximately 2 liters of water daily is the minimum to maintain proper hydration. Healthy water is water that can be used for every day purposes such as bathing, washing and drinking. Healthy water must pass several requirements, including biological requirements, chemical requirements and physical requirements. In everyday life, water is commonly used is clean water. Like healthy water, clean water have physical requirements such as taste, smell, temperature, color and turbidity. In this research, the writer tested physical quality of the water and only focused on the analysis of turbidity in clean water.

Muhammad Firman NF.

III.

Materials and methods

a) Principle The intensity of light that is absorbed by the test sample and refracted, as compared to the standard suspension light intensity. b) Tools Spray bottle Tube Nefelometer Tissue Turbidimeter c) Materials Distilled water The test sample

d) Procedure a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. Optimize Nefelometer for turbidity testing Insert the standard of turbidity into turbidimeter Let the tool showed stable readings Set the tool until show the same concentration with standard of turbidity Wash Nefelometer tube with distilled water. Wipe the outside of the tube with a tissue Shake the test sample and insert it into the tube Nefelometer. Let the tool showed stable readings Record the turbidity values observed

IV.

Discussion

Water is a liquid that has no taste, color and smell, composed of hydrogen and oxygen with the chemical formula H2O. Water is a solution that is almost universal, the substances most natural or man-made on some level dissolved in it. These substances commonly referred to contaminants contained in the water. (Anonym, 2004) From the research that has been conducted showed that the concentration of the sample turbidity water brand Aqua is 0.5 NTU, the sample refill drinking water is 0.7 NTU, and the sample water wells Bengkalis district is 2.0 NTU with relative error rate was 0% and the relative percent different in this research is 0%. When viewed from physical requirements, all the result can be categorized safe for consumption because of the maximum level of turbidity for clean water is 5 NTU, and because of all the result below 5 NTU, all of these water is safe for public consumption. Muhammad Firman NF.

In this research advantages of this method is that the result are accurate and its practical procedure. But this method has the disadvantage that the result obtained depend on the quality of the calibration of test equipment. Treatment on the sample will take effect on the result of analysis. The sample should stored in dark glass bottles and without preservatives. Testing should be performed within 24 hours after sampling, because the longer the testing process, its feared the concentration of turbidity in the sample will change. Result Sample Aqua Refill Water wells Blanko Standard 10 NTU Standard 10 NTU Dilution 1x 1x 1x First 0.5 0.7 2.0 0 10.0 10.0 Second 0.5 0.7 2.0 0 10.0 10.0 Third 0.5 0.7 2.0 0 10.0 10.0 Average 0.5 0.7 2.0 0 10.0 10.0

% relative error rate = (conc. Average Std - conc. Turbidity std. ) x 100% Conc. Turbidity std. = 0% % relative percent different =( conc. Std 1 conc. Std 2 ) x 100% (Average of conc. Std 1 and 2) = 0%

V.

Conclusion

From the research that has been conducted showed that the concentration of the sample turbidity water brand Aqua is 0.5 NTU, the sample refill drinking water is 0.7 NTU, and the sample water wells Bengkalis district is 2.0 NTU with relative error rate was 0% and the relative percent different in this research is 0%. So, all samples safe for public consumption because the results are below the maximum level of turbidity in clean water, 5.0 NTU.

Muhammad Firman NF.