O.C.C OF DC SHUNT GENERATOR 1. What is the need for starter in a d.c motor? 2. How does a 3-point starter function?

3. Why is Rh1 kept in minimum position at starting? 4. Why is Rh2 kept in maximum position at start up? 5. What is residual voltage? How is it measured? 6. What is critical resistance? How can it be determined? 7. What are the conditions necessary for voltage build up in a d.c shunt generator? 8. What is critical speed? 9. Explain the shape of the O.C.C. LOAD TEST ON DC SERIES MOTOR 1. What is the precaution to be taken when working with a d.c series motor? 2. What is the need for starter with a d.c motor? 3. How does a 2-point starter function? 4. Explain the shape of the electrical and mechanical characteristics. 5. What is the condition for maximum efficiency in a d.c motor? 6. What are the different losses occurring in a d.c machine? 7. How are the meter ratings selected for this experiment? 8. Give some applications of d.c series motor. O.C AND S.C TESTS ON SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER 1. How are the meter ratings selected for O.C and S.C tests? 2. Why is the O.C test conducted on the l.v side of the transformer and S.C test on h.v side? 3. What are the losses measured in an O.C test? 4. What are the losses measured in an S.C test? 5. What is the condition for maximum efficiency in a transformer? 6. What is meant by regulation of a transformer? 7. Is a high or low value of regulation preferred? Why? 8. How can the parameters on one side of the transformer be transferred to the other side? Ex. No. 1 Open circuit and load characteristics of separately and self excited DC shunt generators. What is the principle of DC generator? Mention the application of separately excited DC generator. Give the advantages and disadvantages of separately excited DC generators. What will be the value of current in open circuit condition? What is the purpose of starter? On what occasions DC generators may not have residual flux? Define the term critical resistance referred to DC shunt generator. Define the term critical speed in DC shunt generator. The efficiency of generator rises to a maximum value and then decreases. Why?

What do you mean by residual magnetism in DC shunt generators? Ex. No. 3 Load characteristics of DC shunt and compound motor. State the principle of DC motor. How may the direction of DC motor be able to be reversed? Why the field rheostat of DC motor is kept at minimum position while starting? What will happen if the field of the DC motor is opened? What will happen if both the field current and armature current are reversed? What will happen if the shunt motor is directly connected across the supply line? Mention the applications of DC compound motor. Ex. No. 4 Load characteristics of DC series motor. What are the applications of DC series motors? What are the special features of a DC series motors? Which type of starter is used for DC series motors? How will you control the speed of DC series motor? What will happen to the speed of series motor when the supply voltage is reduced? What is the importance of no-load current of the motor? Why we use starters to start DC motors? DC series motors should never be started on no-load. Why? Why the DC series motors have high starting torque? What is meant by speed losses in DC machines? Ex. No. 5 Swinburnes test DC shunt motor. State the advantage of Swinburnes test. Is it possible to conduct Swinburnes test on DC series motor? Justify. State the Torque equation of DC motor. Which one of the speed will be higher either no-load speed or full load speed? What will be the efficiency of the motor at no-load? What will be the approximate value of armature and field resistance of DC motors? Why the armature control method is employed only below the rated speed in DC shunt motors? Why the field control method is employed only above the rated speed in DC shunt motors? Where we use shunt motor? Why is field control method superior to armature control method for DC shunt motors? Ex. No. 6 Hopkinsons test on DC motor generator set. What are the advantages of Hopkinsons test over Swinburnes test and what are its limitations? What is the function of no-voltage release (NVR) coil provided in a DC motor starter? How does a 4-point starter differ from 3-point starter? What are the other names of Hopkinsons test? What are the advantages of Hopkinsons test? A DC motor fails to start when switched on. What could be the reasons and remedies?

When does the armature of dc motor likely to get over-heated? What is the function of interpoles? How the interpoles are connected? Name different methods of electrical braking of DC motors. Ex. No. 7 Load test on single phase transformer . What is the function of a transformer? What is a load? Why do we perform load test when the efficiency can be determined by O.C. and S.C. tests? Mention the types of transformer. Explain the operating principle of a transformer. List out general applications of transformer. Define voltage regulation of a transformer. Ex. No. 8 Open circuit and short circuit tests on single phase transformer. Why the S.C. test is performed on HV side? Why the O.C. test is performed on LV side? What is the need of stepped core in transformers? At what power factor the voltage regulation of transformer is maximum? Under what value of power factor a transformer gives zero voltage regulation? What transformers are rated in kVA? How the eddy current loss can be reduced? What test is to be conducted on a transformer to estimate its voltage regulation? Define power factor. Is copper loss affected by power factor? Exp.No.1 LOAD TEST ON D.C. SHUNT MOTOR 1.Why should the field rheostat be kept in the position of minimum resistance? 2.What is the loading arrangement used in a dc motor? 3.How can the direction of rotation of a DC shunt motor be reversed? 4.What are the mechanical and electrical characteristics of a DC shunt motor? 5.What are the applications of a DC shunt motor? Exp.No.2 LOAD TEST ON D.C. SERIES MOTOR 1.Why a DC series motor should never be stared without load? 2. Why a DC series motor has a high starting torque? 3.Compare the resistances of the field windings of DC shunt and series motor? 4.What are the applications of DC series motor? 5. Comment on the Speed Torque characteristics of a DC series motor. 6. How does the torque vary with the armature current in a DC series motor? EXP.NO. 4 OCC ON SEPERATELY EXCITED DC GENERATOR What is the principle of generator? What is meant by residual magnetism? What is critical field resistance?

What is meant by saturation? What are the reasons for the drooping load characteristics? What is the difference between external and internal characteristics? Write the voltage equation of a separately excited DC generator. State the difference between generated emf and terminal voltage. Exp. No. 5 OCC AND LOAD TEST ON DC SHUNT GENERATOR What is the difference between a separately excited dc generator and dc shunt generator? If a DC shunt generator fails to build up voltage, what may be the probable reasons? What is SPST? What is its use in this experiment? What is the reason the presence of residual magnetism in the field poles? Why does the terminal voltage decrease as the load current increases? Write the voltage equation of a DC shunt generator. State the difference between generated emf and terminal voltage. Exp.No. 7 LOAD TEST ON SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER What is the principle of a transformer? What are the types of transformer? What are the applications of transformer? Why is the capacity of a transformer specified as KVA and not as KW? What is the condition for maximum efficiency of a transformer From the graph, find the load at which it occurs. Why is the efficiency of a transformer higher than that of motors? EXP.NO. 8 OC AND SC TESTS ON SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER 1. What is the purpose of OC and SC tests? 2. Why is the core of a transformer laminated? 3. What is meant by regulation? 4. Define the term transformation ratio? 5. What are the components of no load current? 6. What are the parameters of the equivalent circuit? 7. How are the parameters referred to the HV or LV side? Explain with an example. EXP.NO. 9 SWINBURNES TEST What is the purpose of Swinburnes test? What are the constant losses in a DC machine? What are the assumptions made in Swinburnes test? Why is the indirect method preferred to the direct loading test? The efficiency of DC machine is generally higher when it works as a generator than when it works as a motor. Is this statement true or false? Justify your answer with proper reasons.