DesignDrawingsforaPrototypeofaZPEconvertertotheEMDRPrinciple

Wolfenbttel,Mai082011 byProf.Dr.rer.nat.ClausW.TurturandDr.rer.nat.OlgaTurtur

Abstract:
In [1] one of the authors developed the construction guidelines for a magnetic ZPE converter, which he called ElectroMechanic Double Resonance principle (EMDR). In [2] he gaveacrucialexplanationhowtomakethisprincipleworkwithlowspeedrotation.Nowwe present technical design drawings so that every skilled mechanician can build up an experimentalprototype.

Articlebody:

(1.)Fundamentals The central idea, according to which the technical drawings have been developed, is the EMDRprinciple presented in [1] in combination with the use of the magnetic multiple of order as high as possible, because a highorder multipole reduces the angular velocity necessaryfortherotor.Theideawassuggestedalreadyinfigure33of[1]. The problem of the suggestion is, that the induction coil(s) for the interaction between the rotating magnet on the one hand and the LCoscillationcircuit on the other hand has to be mounted rather close to the rotating magnet(s) in order to guide the magnetic fields flux lines in optimum way, so that the time dependent alteration of the magnetic flux through thiscoilswillbemaximal.Thesolutiontothisproblemwaspresentedin[2],bymountingthe induction coils directly around the path of motion of the rotating magnet(s) as close as possible. A simple bar magnet as presented in [1] has a multipoleorder of n=2 (dipole), and the numerical example there was computed with very 30.000 rounds per minute. Such a large angular velocity is not very easy in practical operation. This is the reason, why a highorder multipole magnetarray has been suggested as mentioned above. Fact is, that the order of the multiple n has the consequence to reduce the angular velocity just by the same factor of n. So if we can for instance us a multipole magnetarray with 40 bar magnets (just to give a numerical example) instead of the dipole with an order of n=2, the angular velocity can be reduced by a factor of 40/2=20. For illustration, please look to figure 1, from where also the importance of the orientation of the bar magnets in the example can be understood.Inthementionednumericalexample,theangularvelocityof30.000roundsper minute is decreased down to 30.000 / 20 = 1500 rounds per minute, which is not very complicatedinpracticaloperation.Infigure1,thenumberofmagnetsdefiningthemultiple orderisdrawnwithdifferentvalues,inordertodemonstratethatthisnumbercanbevaried arbitrarily. By this means, the rotation of the magnet array can be varied rather easily in order to adjust the magnet to the requirements of the LCoscillationcircuit. We can go so far,thateventheorientationofthemagnetscanbevariedfrommagnettomagnet,inorder to guide the field flux lines according to the engineeringrequirements. By this means, it is evenpossibletoproducesetupslikeHalbachArraysorothers.

Fig.1: A rotatiing ring, co ontaining many m magnets to define a magnet ticmultipole earray.

Onthebasisofthe eseexplanat tions,thefu undamentalsetupisde efined: Itishelp pfultomou untalargenumber n ofm magnets(in nourexamp ple:barmag gnets,becausethey are not expansive in price) in n or on a ro otating ring g, so that the magnets s can be moved m or orientat tedarbitrar rily,inorder rtoadjustt themagnet ticfieldsnot tonlytoah highordermultiple, m but also o to a strayfield as large as possi ble, so that t the timederivative d o of the magn netic flux passingtheinducti ioncoils,ismaximal.Fo ortheorien ntationofth heinduction ncoils,definingthe interact tion betwee en the mec chanical rot tation of th he magnets and the LC Coscillation ncircuit, please h have a look k to figure 2, 2 where th e induction n coils aredrawn d in blu ue colour. It should be men ntioned explicitly, tha at the num mber of these induction coils c can also be e varied arbitrar rily,asithas sbeenalrea adypointed doutin[2]. This lea ads to an additional a requiremen r nt, also illustrated in figure 2: T The rotation n of the magnet tarray shall l fixed with a central b bearing and d radius arm ms (as we fo or instance know it from bicycle rims), , because the t rims wo ould strike the induction coils. Th his means, that the t of figure 2 is possible only, as l ong as one e a large ind duction coill is applied, but the top part bottompartoffigu ure2ispossiblealso,if foneorma anysmallinductioncoiilsclosetothe t path ofthero otatingmag gnetsareap pplied. Because ethefunctioningprinc cipleofthe zeropointenergyconverterhash higherprioritythan the app plication of a central bearing with h rims, we have h two ap pply a spec cial type of bearing, which a allows the rotation ofa closed rin ng containin ng severalmagnets, m pa assing the in nduction coilsasshowninth hebottomof o figure2. In princ ciple, every bearing wh hich fulfills these requ uirements can be used d, as long as s it does not dist turb the ne ecessary com mponents o of the EMD DRconverter. On the fo following pa ages, we present t an exampl le for a technical cons struction, which w is able e to fulfill th hese requir rements. Neverth heless it sho ould be me entioned, th hat the con nstruction can c be alte red, as long as the alteratio onsdonotdisturbtherequireme nts. Importa ant is, that the friction n of the bea aring is as lo ow as possi ible. Theref fore we cou uld think about a hydrostatic bearing,as a for instan nce using a ring swimm ming on the e surface of f a liquid (for exa ample oil or r water). Ifthe t rotation n is not too o fast, the coefficients of frictionof o water are rath her low. If the angula ar velocity is increasin ng, the rot tating ring could slide e on the surface of the wat ter (resp. on n the surfac ce of the hydrostatic liquid l of th e bearing). For this

purpose e, the surfa ace of the ring, r touchiing the surf face of the liquid, can n be organized in a specialw way(asweremember,ifwerega rdahydrof foilboat). Fig g.2: The rotating ring contai ining the ma agneticmulltiplearrayisdrawn in red colour,, the induct tion coils edrawninb bluecolour r. are The very ef fficient setup with sm mallinductio oncoils,closetothe rot tating mag gnets, requires to avoid leverag ge arms als so drawn inredcolour.

Inthefo ollowingsections,wedescribe d an nexampleforaconstru uctionofa practicalpr rototype ofsuchanefficient tEMDRcon nverter. (2.)The eMagnets It is very y easy to find appropr riate strong neodymium m barmagn nets in Inte rnet, which h are not very exp pensive, ev ven if manyof them ha ave two bee en bought. An exampl e for suchmagnets m isshowninfigure3, 3 whereea achmagnet providesastickingfor rceofmore than40Ne ewtons.

Fig.3 3: mple for neo Exam dymiiumbarma agnets, whic ch can be applied the constru uction of for t anEM MDRconverter.

(3.)How wtomount tthemagne etsonther rotationalring With re egard to the e prototype e, the magn nets have to t be fixed in a very s pecial way, , so that their nu umber and d their orie entation ca n be altere ed, in orde er to get e enough deg grees of freedom m,toadjust tandtooptimizethese etup,accordingtoexperimentalf findingsand dresults,

during the phase of the an nalysis of t the prototy ype. This allows, a to adjust the system parame eters while the experimental te est and de evelopment of the E EMDRconv verter is conduct ted. (Just have h the Co olerappara tus in mind d, where ev ven the inv ventor, Han ns Coler, need several day ys of work k, to repro oduce his will known n adjustme ent of the system parame eters.) A techn nical drawing for the e suggestio n of the magnet m car rrier is sho own in figu ure 4. A discussionofthedetailsfollow wssubsequ entlytothisfigure.

F Fig.4: D Design of o the c carriers to o mount t the magn nets in s such way, that t they c can be adjusted a and or rientated a according to a arbitrary r requiremen nts.

For each magnet, one carrier has to be manufactured, consisting of three parts per each carrier (in our example), together with appropriate screws. In figure 4 we see that the top view,thefrontviewandthesideviewofthesecarriers,asusualintechnicaldrawings.Inthe topview,thethreepartsmountedontopofeachother,aredisplayednexttoeachother,in ordertoavoidconfusionwithinthedrawing. There are two parts defining the top of the carrier, which have the purpose to hold the magnet.Theyarefixedtoeachotherwithscrews,sothatthemagnetcannotglideaway. Each carrier with its magnet is mounted with a stable screw (M12) on a base plate with rotational symmetry, so that it can be orientated arbitrarily within the channel. This variability is necessary for the purpose of experimental research now, but later, the position of the magnets can be fixed, as long as the fixation allows the adjustment procedure of the ZPEconverter. The carriers as described are drawn in figure 5 yellow colour, and they are mounted within thecircularchannel,sothatthemagnetscannotonlybeorientatedarbitrarily,butalsotheir number and their positions can be changed arbitrarily. This screw in the middle of the base plate has the purpose to fix the carrier together with the magnet at its position within the channel. This type of construction allows a large variability, in order to adjust and to optimize the ZPEconverter not only to experimental findings, but also to practical requirementswithinapplications.Later,forwelldefinedgivenapplications,thesetupcanbe chosen less variable, according to special load requirements being applied. The EMDR converter is designed to convert the zeropointenergy of the quantumvacuum into electrical and mechanical energy at the same time. An alteration of the technical design can for instance allow, to vary the relation between the electrical and the mechanical power output. Important: The complete setup must be made from non(ferro)magnetic material (i.e. diamagnetic or paramagnetic, with low susceptibility), which furthermore is an electrical isolator. Probably wood does not have enough mechanical stability, ceramic might be too brittle, but plastic shouldbeagoodchoice(duromer).Thishastheconsequence,thatallpartsdescribedinthe figures4,5and6havetobemadeofnon(ferro)magneticandnonconductivematerial,not only the parts being machined and milled, but also the screws and the other parts being used.Ballbearingscanbemadeofceramic,becauseitisveryeasytobuysuchballbearings. Only the active components, such as magnets, inductioncoils, electrical connections (wires) and the capacitor banks, do not have to follow this restriction of non(ferro)magnetic and nonconductivematerials. (4.)Therotatingring The part, which we denominated the rotating ring, is responsible for the rotation of the magnets,whichisnecessaryfortheconversionofthevacuumenergy.Apossiblesuggestion for the setup is shown in figure 5. The discussion of the technical details follows subsequent tothisfigure.

Fig..5: Plas stic ring to t carry the e magnets and a keep em on their rotation the in order to organize the e conversion n of zero poi ntenergy.

In the top part of figure 5, we see the T Topview, and in the bottom part t of figure 5 we see the side ng many magnets. The eview of th he rotationring, carryin e magnetca arriers, aswe w know them fr rom figure 4, 4 are draw wn in yellow w colour. Th heir position n and their orientation n can be arrange edinfigure4,andthey yarefixedw withstable(forinstanc ceM12)sc crewsasme entioned above. At the o outside bor rder of the rotating ri ng, there is s a stable wall, w absorb bing the centrifugal forces a acting on th he magnetcarriers c and d the magne ets duringrotation. r Th his has thepurpose, p thatthe escrewsare enotstressedtoomuc chduringth herotationof o therotat tionring. Inthein nsideofthe erotationring,weprov videamech hanismtoextractmech hanicalenergy.This can be for instance e a Crown gear (or so me other appropriate a mechanism m), which drives d an electrica algenerato or,convertin ngmechani calenergyoftherotat tionintoele ectricalene ergy.The mechan nism for the e extraction n of mechan nical energy y can alsobe b mounted d on the ou utside of the rot tating ring, or somew where else just fol llowing the e optimum way of technical t requirem ments. Bythew way,theele ectricalgeneratorfort theextractio onofenerg gycanalsob beusedasastarter engine f for the initi ialization of f the rotatio on of the ro otation ring g. The point t is, that the e EMDR convert ter has to be b started once, o and a after it arri ived at its angular a vel ocity neces ssary for convers sion of zeropointener rgy, itruns without any supplyofclassicalen nergy. Thisstarting process s can be done with an electrical s starter, as well w as by hand h (if nec cessary with a little gearbox x and perha aps a crank handle). W We shall kee ep in mind,that the EM erter has MDRconve to be st tarted with an angular r velocity no ot very far below theangular a velo ocity of per rmanent operatio on. In pract tical operation, we hav ve to be sur re, that the e starterme echanism do oes not disturb the process s of convert ting zeropo ointenergy y. This mean ns, that the e starterme echanism must m not interfer rewiththemagnetic m ACfieldofth heEMDRco onverter.

 Addition nalremark: : The rot tating ring has to be manufactur red in such h a way, that it can b be dismounted into several separate parts, for ins stancesuch as for insta ance 2 with h parts with 180 pereach e or 3 parts w with 120 pe er each. This is necessa ary, becaus se it provide es the poss sibility to in nsert the magnet tcarriers with w the ma agnets into o the rail track. t And furthermo ore it provi ides the indispen nsable poss sibility, to bring b the ind duction coils around the rotating g ring and in nto their position n. (5.)The ebearing Theveryfirstandmost m importantrequire ementtoth hebearing,onwhichth herotatingringcan rotate,istheminim mizationofthemechan nicalfriction n! e a possib ble example e of such a bearing g in figure 6 and sp peak about t details We see subsequ uentlytofig gure6.

F Fig.6: Possible example P f for a bearing, on w which the rotating r ringcanrot tate.

Thelow westpossiblefrictionim maginablec couldbeach hievedforinstancewit thatypeof fbearing such as electrostat tic bearing, , such as ae erodynamic c bearing. (Magnetic ( b bearing is excluded e due to interactions s with the EMDR E princ ciple.) For we w do not want w to hav ve input en nergy for the syst tem, and ae erodynamic c bearing m might be org ganized bya special pr rofile of the e surface of the rotating rin ng. The aer rofoil (wing g) of an air rplane is an n example for such a type of g, where the e profile allo ows to supp port the me echanical position of t the parts inmotion. bearing p (of the EM DEconvert ter), such a type of be earing seem ms rather For the very first prototypes laboriou us,thuspro obablysuchahightech hsolutionsh houldberealizedlater r. Thenex xtpossiblevariant v wou uldbeahyd drostaticbearing,which hcouldbed discussedseriously. Therota atingringco ouldhavespecial s profiile,sothatitcanglideonthesurf faceofwate er(oron thesurf faceofsom meotherliqu uid)withve erylowfrict tionlosses.Inprinciple ethiswould dbevery

fine, as soon as the manufacturing of the profile as possible (for instance at the bottom of therotatingring).Butthistypeofbearinghastobeorganizedinsuchway,thattheliquidof thehydrostaticbearingisnotlostduetosplashing. Not too difficult is the use of very many very, small glass or ceramic spheres, so that the rotatingringmightglideonthousandsofsuchlittlespheres.Thismightbeworthtrying. Very easy for the practical manufacturing (although not with the lowest possible friction) would be a bearing without fluids (such as gases or liquids). This is a bearing, were solid surfaces are moving relatively to each other. Due to the easiness of manufacturing (with regard to the very first prototypes), we developed figure 6 with the use of ballbearing, rollerbearings and toebearings. The rotating ring is mounted on rotating cylinders (rolers), and the rotation of the rotating cylinders is organized with ballbearings or toebearings or some other appropriate bearings. The number of this bearing should not be too small, so that the rotation is stabilized properly, but it should not be too many bearings, so that the friction is not enhanced more than necessary. There are some bearings below the rotating ring, and additionally some bearings on the side around the rotating ring, because the rotating ring has to be fixed with regard to two degrees of freedom (of mechanical motion), and only one degree of freedom (the rotation) is allowed. The rollerbearings are drawn in bluecolour,theiraxisinblackcolour,andthefrictionoftherollingcylindersisminimizedby theuseofadditionalbearings. Important: All these bearings are made from nonferromagnetic and nonelectrically conductive materials, in order to avoid magnetic disturbances and eddycurrents. This is recommendable for the very first prototypes. As soon as the prototypes are working properly, we can later try, if some of its parts can be made of metal (as for instance to providegoodfatiguelifeofthemachine). The Crown gear for a possible starter engine, as well as for a possible electrical generator to extract electrical energy, is drawn here (as an example) and the inner side of the rotating ring. If the electrical generator disturbs the operation of the ZPEconverter, the rotating axis of the generator can be made long enough, to provide large distance between the ZPE converter and the electrical generator, so that the magnetic fields of both engines will not disturb each other. As an alternative, also some driving belts or some other mechanisms could be used to gain the necessary geometrical distance between the ZPEconverter and theelectricalgenerator. If it is helpful for the application, there should be a mechanism, which allows to disconnect the startermotor / electrical generator for energy extraction, from the rotating ring. This canbeorganizedforinstancewithaclutchofsomeotherdevice. As soon as the EMDR converter comes close enough to the operation angular velocity, it is expected to be a selfrunning engine, not requiring any classical energy input, but being drivenfromtheenergyofthequantumvacuum. (6.)Capacitorbanks Of course, the construction according to sections 1 to 5 can not work as a ZPE converter by alone. As we know from [1], the induction coils (see blue colour in figure 2) have to be

connect ted with capacitors /capacitor c ba anks in orde er to achiev ve the elect trical compo onent of theelec ctromechanicaldouble eresonance e(principle). For the e adjustmen nt of the system para ameters, th he capacitor has to be e variable. For the practica al operation n of the mo otor in seriiesproduction, an electronic circ cuit might be b used, whichp permanently yreadjuststheoptimu umadjustme entofthecapacitor. c For the very first prototypes p of o an EMDR Rconverter r, a very sim mple realizat tion of thevariable or, which requires ra ather large electrical current (as for insta ance up to several capacito (somehund hundred dAmperes) ),nottoolo owvoltage( dredvolts,in i somecas sesevenmo orethan thousan nd volts) an nd very low Ohm's resiistance (som me 10 milliO Ohms, max imum few hundred milliOhm ms),canbe emanufactu uredwitha capacitorbank, b suchas a forinstan nceshowninfigure 7: Two metallic ra ails (red col lour in figu re 7, material such as s for instan nce copper, , iron or aluminu um)are electrically isolated again nst each oth her with aplastic p bar b between each other (green c colour in fig gure 7). Each red met tal bar will have to be electrically y connected d to one and of a an induction coil of the EMDRco onverter. We could forinstance d rill some ho oles into the met tal bars, co oming from the top (a s drawn in yellow colour), into w which the electrical e connect tions of the e capacitors s can be ins serted. Each capacitor r can be fix xed with a screw s or with a metallic sp pring or with w some o other appr ropriate devices. In o our example, three capacito ors (drawn in purple colour) c are connected, and the other o conne ections are without capacito ors. The nu umber of ca apacitors in position is s used to determine th he capacito or of the capacito orbank. In reality we need a cap pacitorbank k maybe so omewhere iin the range of 100 or 200 F (or perh haps even more), m but capacitors with the re equested vo oltage, curr rent and Ohms resistance can only be bought (not expe ensively in price) with h several hundred nanoFarads or in the t range of o one micr rofarad. Consequently the capaciitorbank has to be manufactured of several s hundred capac citors, and this allows us, to adju ust the capacitor in mall steps, this is with rather high h precision as it is ne ecessary for r the adjust tment of very sm thesyst tem,asweknowfromthepublica ation[1].

F Fig.7: Possible example P f for a capacitor c b bank, which allows a variable capacitor c w with large capacity, llarge electrical e c current, large v voltage but very llow Ohm's r resistance. T The image is shown iintopview.

(7.)Gen neralremar rks The num mber of ind duction coils s (see fig.8 in purple colour) is restricted by the distanc ce of the magnet tic poles, of f which themagnetic m multiple array consists. . The distan nces betwee en these coils ha ave to be at t least a litt tle bit large er, then the e distances of the mag gnetic poles. In the case, w we use barmagnets, m th his has the consequen nce, that the induction n coils shou uld be at leastab bitmoredis stantfromeach e other, ,thenthele engthandadistanceo ofeachbarmagnet. If this ru ule would not n be resp pected, seve eral differen nt magnetic c poles wou uld pass on ne coil at the sam me moment t, inducing voltages v wi th opposite e direction at the sam e moment into the same co oil. The con nsequencewould w be re emarkable energy e loss, whose rea ason is thesame as energy losses in ed ddycurrent t brake syst tems. But would w be isexactly, wh hat we do not n want tohave,andthusavoid a thissituation. If we r respect this s limit, we can concllude: The more induc ction coils are mounted and connect ted to capa acitor bank ks, the mor re vacuum energy can n be conve rted per time, this meanst thatthehig gherthepow weroutput wecanach hieve.

Fig.8: F T The purple e ellipses r represent the maxi m mum possib ble num b ber of induction c coils. E Each induc ction coil h has to be connec t tedwithacapacitor c b bank.

Acknow wledgement ts: Wehere ewanttoexpressourcordialthan nkto GuyHa aryfortryin ngtobuildup u anEMDR Rconverter raccordingtothepubllication[1](Fig.11). ( Thoma asWiechert tfortryingtobuildup anEMDRconverter c accordingto othepublica ation[1] (Fig.11). ng a team, trying to build up a an EMDRco onverter Adolf and Inge Schneider for formin ngtothepu ublication[1](Fig.11). accordin Gtz Kamin, for trying to build b up an n EMDRconverter acc cording to the publica ation [1] (Fig.11). Wolfra am Knapp, for trying to build up an EMDRconverter c ac ccording to the publica ation [1] (Fig.11).

 Stefan Nathen Lange and his team, for trying to build up an EMDRconverter according to thepublication[1](Fig.11). Gerrit Oudakker for trying to find somebody to build up an EMDRconverter according to thepublication[1](Fig.11). DickKorffortryingtobuildupanEMDRconverteraccordingtothepublication[1](Fig.11). HydroCompanyatBiberach(Germany)fortryingtobuildupanEMDRconverteraccording to the publication [1] (Fig.11) under our rather close supervision, so that week can expect, thattheywillmakeprototypebereallyclosetoourguidelines. Leuthold Metallbau AG, Hofwald, Switzwerland, where we sent all the technical drawings shown above at 2. May 2011, with many explanations. Max Leuthold promised us to producethemechanicalpartsforaprototypeaccordingtotheourconceptpublishedhere. HannesHorvath,whowantstosupportusdirectlywithlaboratoryhelp,inordertobuildup anEMDRconverteraccordingto[1]oraccordingto[2]andthepublicationhere. To all these people who try to help us with technical manufacturing and support, we gave many technical and physical details and explanations, in order to tell them, how to build up the EMDR converter according to our invention. For we do not have a laboratory now by ourselves, we hope that this will be a way, to get a working prototype of our EMDR converter. Weapologizetoallotherpeople,towhomwegaveonlyshortexplanations,orto whomwe could not give detailed technical explications, due to our limited capacity of working time. Wesimplydonothavethepossibilitytoexplaintoeverybody(whoisasking),howtorealize ourEMDRconverter.Therearetoomanypeopleasking. One of us (Claus Turtur) wants to express his cordial thank to the other one of us (Olga Turtur)forthecooperationduringmanyyearsofresearch.Withoutthesefruitfuldiscussions andthecooperationwewouldnothavecometoourresults. Authorsincooperation: Prof.Dr.rer.nat.ClausW.TurturandDr.rer.nat.OlgaTurtur Emails,pleasewriteto:cw.turtur@ostfalia.de Tel.:(+49)179/9504888 Thispublicationinhighresolutionprintingquality,fromtheinternetpage: http://www.ostfalia.de/cms/de/pws/turtur/FundE Literaturereferences: [1]Turtur,C.W.(2011).ConstructionGuidelinesforaZPEconverteronthebasisofrealistic DFEMcomputations,PHILICA.COM,ISSN17513030,Articlenumber233,(3.April2011) [2]Turtur,C.W.(2011).AnEMDRconverterwithlowrotationalspeed,PHILICA.COM,ISSN 17513030,Observationnumber67,(2.Mai2011)