Data Warehousing

Presented by:
Ankur Agarwal
Agenda

What is a Data Warehouse?

Why we need Data Warehouse?

Benefits & characteristics of a data warehouse

Data warehousing

Types of data warehouses

Data Warehouse Architecture

Design methodologies

Business Intelligence

Components of BI

ERP Data Warehousing Strategies

What is a Data Warehouse?

Data collected from one or many systems that exist

within and outside the organization. The Data is

structured in such a way as to reduce the amount of time

that it takes to produce reliable information.

Why we need Data Warehouse?

To Provide a Consistent Common Source for Corporate

Information

To Store Large Volumes of Historical Detail Data from

Mission Critical Applications

Improve the Ability to Access, Report Against, and

Analyze Information

To Solve or Improve Business Processes

Benefits of a data warehouse

• The ability to reach data quickly, since they are

located in one place

• The ability to reach data easily and frequently by

end users with Web browsers.

Characteristics of data warehousing

• Organization
• Consistency
• Time variant
• Nonvolatile
• Relational
• Client/server
• Web-based
 Data Warehousing
Functional Data Warehouse

Sales System System Generated Sales Analysis is extrapolated

Reports from the System Reports.
 Data Warehousing
Functional Data Warehouse

Sales System Functional Data Warehouse

of Sales Information
Sales Information is available to
a wider audience of decision
makers.
 Data Warehousing
Cross Organizational Functional Data Warehouse
Division A

Sales System
Division B

Analysis performed
Sales System
and Decisions drawn
Centralized Data from the Cross
Division C

Warehouse of Sales Organizational Sales

Data from across the Data
Organization

Sales System
 Data Warehousing
Cross Functional Data Warehouse

Marketing System

Sales System
Corporate Performance
Analysis is extrapolated
from the System Reports.

Production Systems System Generated

Reports
 Data Warehousing
Cross Functional Data Warehouse

Marketing System

Sales System Cross Functional

Data Warehouse
of Information
Corporate Performance
Analysis is available to a
wider audience.
Production Systems
 Data Warehousing
Cross Organizational & Cross Functional
Data Warehouse
Division A
Division B

Analysis is performed
and Decisions made
Centralized Cross from the Cross
Functional Data Functional
Warehouse Organizational
Division C

of Information Performance Data

Types of data warehouses
1. Enterprise Data Warehouse
◦ Provides a central database for decision support
throughout the enterprise
2. ODS(Operational Data Store)
◦ Has broad enterprise wide scope
◦ Data is refreshed in near real time and used for routine
business activity
3. Data Mart
◦ Subset of data warehouse
◦ Supports a particular region, business unit or business
function.
Data Warehouse Architecture
Data Warehouse Architecture
Source Systems
Division A

Data Staging Area Data Warehouse

Extract,Transformation and Load (ETL)

Repository
Division B
Division C
External Data
Data Warehouse Architecture
A system should give response to almost any
question regarding company performance
measure.

Transformed Relational Architecture

Star schema

Snowflake schema

Fact constellation schema

Star schema

Simplest data warehouse
schema

Center of the star consists of
fact table [3NF]

Points of the star are the
dimension tables
[de-normalized]

Example:
Fact tables store data about sales while dimension tables
data about geographic region(markets, cities), clients,
products, times, channels.
Snowflake schema

More complex variation of the star schema

Dimension table are normalized
Fact constellation schema

Splitting the original star schema into more star schemas

Contains multiple fact tables that share many dimension
tables
Design methodologies

Bottom-up design

Top-down design

Hybrid design
Example:

User
What are our five most-profitable products?

X Financial Analysis

Activity-Based Costing
BI Applications

Corporate Data Warehouse

OLTP
Systems ERP CRM
Business Intelligence

• Definition
• A set of tools that allow users to access enterprise data via
reports, Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) cubes,
graphs/charts, ad-hoc queries and dashboards
• Purpose
• Allow users to view the data from all levels of the
enterprise
• Provide users with information necessary to make timely,
well-informed business decisions
Components of BI

• Reports

• Cubes

• Charts & Graphs

• Dashboards
ERP Data Warehousing Strategies
One DW Separate DWs
Data Marts and BI Applications Data Marts and BI Applications

Custom ERP
Custom or ERP DW
DW DW

Sources Other Sources ERP Sources

ERP DW Leading Custom DW Leading

Data Marts and ERP BI Applications ERP Data Marts
BI Apps.

ERP Custom
Custom DW ERP DW
DW DW

Other Sources ERP Sources ERP Sources Other Sources

References

http://www.tdan.com/view-articles/4994/

http://etl-
tools.info/en/bi/datawarehouse_architecture.htm
• www.cdd.go.th/it/file/DataWarehousing_and_DataMinin
g.pdf
• http://principlepartners.com/presentations/DataWarehous
eConceptsAndArchitecture.pdf
• http://www.scribd.com/doc/2922402/Data-Warehouse-
Concepts
• http://www.dnsarrow.co.uk/sun06/white_papers/Busines
s%20Intelligence%20and%20Data%20Warehousing%20
%28BIDW%29.pdf
Thank You