MEP 302 MANUFACTRUING LABORATORY

INTRODUCTION TO CNC
PROGRAMMING
EXPERIMENT NO : 1
Date of submission: 12 August 2013












Submitted by:
Abhishek singh(2010ME1088)
Anirudh Jaitly(2010ME1089)
Ananya sarthak(2010ME1090)
Bhupender singh chugh(2010ME1091)

Study and implement the CNC Turning operations
NC
NC (Numerical control) of machine tools may be defined as a method of automation in which
various functions of machine tools are controlled by letters, numbers and symbols.
CNC
CNC (Computer Numerical Control) is the general term used for a system which controls the
functions of a machine tool using coded instructions processed by a computer.
The application of CNC to a manual machine allows its operation to become fully
automated. Combining this with the use of a part program enhances the ability of the
machine to perform repeat tasks with high degrees of accuracy.
G codes
Preparatory functions, called G codes, are used to determine the geometry of tool
movements and operating state of the machine controller; functions such as linear cutting
movements, drilling operations and specifying the units of measurement.
They are normally programmed at the start of a block.
A G code is made from the G address letter and a two digit number. Some of the useful G
codes are as follows:

G00 Positioning (Rapid Traverse)
G01 Linear Interpolation (Cutting Feed)
G02 Circular Interpolation CW
G03 Circular Interpolation CCW
G07 Filleting
G08 Champhering
G09 Input in polar co-ordinates
G28 Reference point of machine
G40 Cutter Compensation Cancel
G41 Cutter Compensation Left
G42 Cutter Compensation Right
G52 Moving to the reference point
G54 Setting of Zero at a new point
G71 Turning cycle
G90 Absolute Zero Command/ Straight turning cycle
G91 Incremental Command
G98 Feed in mm/min.

M codes
Miscellaneous functions, called M codes, are used by the CNC to command on/off signals to
the machine functions. ie, M03 - spindle forward (CW), M05 - spindle stop, etc. e.g.

M03 Spindle rotation CW
M04 Spindle rotation CCW
M05 Spindle rotation OFF
M06 Turret Indexing
M08 Coolant ON
M09 Coolant OFF
M30 End of the program and restart
M02 End of the program

Programming for CNC turning machine to make the given part.

RIGHT HALF (55 mm)
N1
G28U0W0
T0606
M03S1200
M08
G0X26Z2
G01X25ZOF1
G01Z-55F.15
X26
Z1
X24
Z-55
X25
Z1
X22
Z-40
X25
Z1
X20
Z-25
X23
Z1
X17
Z0
X20Z-15
X21
Z1
X15
Z0
X20Z-15
X21
Z1
G28U0W0
M09
M05
M30

LEFT HALF (15 mm)
N1
G28U0W0
T0606
M03S1200
M08
G0X26Z2
G01X24ZOF1
G01Z-35F.15
X25
Z01
X22
Z-35
X25
Z1
X19
Z-7
G02X22Z-15R4
X23
Z1
X15
Z-7
G02X22Z-15R4
X23
Z1
X12
Z-7
G02X22Z-15R4
X23
Z1
G28U0W0
M09
M05
M30

Conclusion
CNC machines are programmed with a design which can then be manufactured
hundreds or even thousands of times. Each manufactured product will be exactly the
same.
Less skilled/trained people can operate CNCs unlike manual lathes / milling machines
etc.. which need skilled engineers.
Modern design software allows the designer to simulate the manufacture of his/her
idea. There is no need to make a prototype or a model. This saves time and money.
One person can supervise many CNC machines as once they are programmed they
can usually be left to work by themselves. Sometimes only the cutting tools need
replacing occasionally.

References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-code
http://www.technologystudent.com/cam/cncman4.htm
http://www.cncci.com/resources/articles/what%20is%20cnc.htm
http://www.nd.edu/~manufact/MET%20pdf_files/MET_Ch37.pdf
https://dspace.ist.utl.pt/bitstream/2295/1088724/1/G_and_M_programming_for_mills_ma
nual.pdf
www.technocnc.com/pdf/interface377/09_GCODE%20Commands.pdf