Large scale continuum electromechanical simulation of the heart

Mariano Vzquez*, Pierre Lafortune*, Ruth Aris*, Guillaume Houzeaux*, and Antoine !rusalem" Barcelona Supercomputing Center Campus Nord UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain mariano.vaz uez!"sc.es $%&'( %aterials $nstitute C) Pro*esor (ranguren, s)n +8040 %adrid, Spain antoine.,erusalem!imdea.org
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Aim. -.e interest *or large scale parallel *inite element codes in t.e area o* "iomec.anics increases /it. t.e comple0it1 o* models developed. -.is paper presents t.e validation o* a large scale electromec.anical model o* a *ull .eart. Method. ( canine .eart geometr1 provided "1 t.e Computing 2a"orator1 o* 30*ord Universit1 456 is used *or t.e *inite element model. -.e segmentation is "ased on .ig. resolution %7 images and accounts *or t.e orientation o* t.e *i"ers. -/o mes.es are tested8 one o* 430 000 tetra.edral elements, and t.e ot.er o* more t.at +0 millions. -.e electrical depolarization is simulated using t.e 9itz:ug.;Nagumo model. (s t.e /ave propagates t.roug. t.e m1ocardium, a tensile *orce is created in t.e muscle cell. -.is *orce is *unction o* *i"er<s stretc. and calcium concentration. Passive "e.aviour o* t.e muscle is "ased on a constitutive la/ previousl1 proposed "1 :olzap*el et al. 4+6 Passive diastolic *illing is simulated "1 appl1ing a pressure on t.e endocardium o* t.e le*t ventricle. (ctive s1stolic contraction is also simulated, and t.e aortic pressure is calculated "1 a t.ree elements =ind>essel model. -.e simulations are per*ormed /it. (l1a, a code designed to run e**icientl1 in large scale supercomputing *acilities. Results. 9illing and contraction volume<s variations are compared to clinical values, and t.e model s.o/s a good predicta"ilit1. -.e scala"ilit1 s.o/s almost linear "e.aviour up to t.ousands o* cores. -.is model is a po/er*ul tool to per*orm electromec.anical simulation, and t.e structure is *le0i"le enoug. to add comple0 and computationall1 e0pensive aspects, *or instance multi;scale modelling 436 ?integration o* cellular and molecular events@.

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456 %.3. Berna"eu, %.A. Bis.op, A. Pitt;9rancis, &.A. Bavag.an, C. Brau, B. 7odriguez, D:ig. per*ormance computer simulations *or t.e stud1 o* "iological *unction in 3& .eart models incorporating *i"re orientation and realistic geometr1 at para;cellular resolutionE, Computers in Cardiology, +008 4+6 B. (. :olzap*el and 7.=. 3gden, DConstitutive modelling o* passivem1ocardium8 a structurall1 "ased *rame/or> *or material c.aracterizationE, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 3FG?5H0+@8344IJ34GI, +00H. 436 (. :osoi, -. =as.io, A. 3>ada, K. Ladoo>a, L. Na>a,ima, -. :isadai, D( %ulti;Scale :eart Simulation on %assivel1 Parallel ComputersE, $ nternational Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, 5J55, +050