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Oerlikon Schlafhorst D-999.01.0631

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SPINNING TECHNOLOGY

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English

SPINNING TECHNOLOGY
Subject to modification without prior notice

Summary

Oerlikon Schlafhorst D-999.01.0631

Technical spinning information

Requirements for optimum results with Spinning geometry Numbering systems for yarns and twists Traveller weights - comparison chart flange travellers Traveller speeds/ performance calculations 4 5 6-7 8 9 Hairiness Influence of the ring condition on the yarn quality Yarn breaks Neps

page 3
10-12 13 14-16 17

C-shape, Orbit and SU travellers

Designation of the ring traveller parts Yarn clearance Wire sections Finishing treatments Traveller friction Yarn clearance and its influence on the traveller lubrication Motions of the ring traveller Ring traveller/ring contact areas Compact spinning Processing of blended and synthetic yarns Core yarns 20 21 22 23 24-25 26 27 28 29 30-31 32-33 Traveller delivery program for flange rings Traveller weights for T flange, Orbit, SU Recommendation for Brcker travellers Setting of the traveller cleaner Orbit ring/ traveller system Ring travellers for ORBIT rings Traveller wear and tear Setting of the traveller cleaner SU Ring/ traveller system Ring travellers for SU rings Setting of the traveller cleaner

page 19
34-36 37 38-39 40-41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

Spinning rings
Rings, range of application Ring profiles Ring shapes Fixing methods Brcker Press-System 50 51 52 53 54

page 49
Rings with large difference inner / outer diameter Start-up proceeding for new rings Ring life time Brcker ring tolerances Designation of the ring parts, example for placing an order 55 56 57 58 59

J - HZ Travellers and rings

Ear- shaped steel travellers (J and HZ) Traveller weights comparison chart J and HZ travellers Travellers for conical rings Ring and traveller combinations with J travellers Traveller weights for spinning worsted and semi- worsted yarns on conical rings Travellers for vertical rings Traveller weights for twisting with steel travelllers on vertical rings Traveller weights for spinning on vertical rings 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 CPH Chromit Travellers Traveller weights for draw twisting with CPH Chromit travellers CPH Chromit Travellers , manufacturing tolerances Designation of the ring parts Recommended ring heights for HZ rings Lubricating systems for conical rings Running-in of self lubricating Brcker rings Lubricants for self-lubricating rings Inserting tools for magazined travellers

page 61
70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78

Nyltex/Steeltex Tools Yarn carriers Index

pages 79-81 pages 83-91 pages 93-95 page 96

Technical spinning information

Requirements for optimum results with Brcker rings and travellers

The spinning geometry of the spinning machines should be adapted to the yarns produced. By modifying these parameters, the following values should be considered. Important is the centring of the spinning rings, anti-ballooning rings and thread guides towards the spindle. This guarantees (together with perfect ring raceway and correct selected travellers) best yarn quality.

Thread guide Distance top of the tube / thread guide = 1.5 to 2x tube (ring rail position at starting position) Anti-ballooning ring Anti-ballooning ring = ring + 2mm Distance ring rail / Anti-ballooning ring (ring rail position in starting position) = 2/3 of the distance ring rail / thread guide Spinning ring Spinning ring : max 1/5 of the tube length (exception Core Yarns) see chart below Horizontal, firm fixation of the rings in the ring rail. Correct setting of the traveller cleaner (see pages 40, 41, 45, 48)

Ratio ring- / tube- / tube length Medium tube- (mm) 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Ring- (mm) D 36 38 40 42 45 48 51 54 Tube length (mm) L 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270

Ideal range

Unfavourable range

Spinning geometry
Relation yarn count / ring diameter / flange type / traveller speed
see also page 4 The spinning geometry is determined (exception sewing thread) by the yarn count: Coarse counts Large ring diameter Flange 2 Long tubes Fine counts Small ring diameter Flange 1 Short tubes The maximum traveller speed is determined (with an optimum spinning geometry) by the yarn count and the twist rate.
43 Warp twist 38

v traveller m/s

33

28 Knit twist 23

18

10

12

16

20

24

30

36

40

50

60

80

105 132

Yarn count Ne

Recommended ring diameter

51/48 mm 40/38 mm

45/42 mm Recommended flange type

Flange 1 Flange 2

36 mm

Orbit SFB 2,8

Ratio ring diameter / tube length The ideal ratio ring diameter to tube winding length is 1:5 (see page 4) 5

Numbering systems for yarns and twists

Conversion formulas
Desired Given Tex Decitex Den Metric no Engl. cotton no Engl. linen no Engl. woolen no Engl comb. no

Abbreviation tex dtex den Nm NeB NeL New NeK

den

tex

dtex

Nm 1000 tex 10000 dtex 9000 den 1,693 NeB

Nea 590 tex 5900 dtex 5315 den

NeL 1654 tex 16540 dtex 14882 den

NeW 1938 tex 19380 dtex 17440 den

NeK 886 tex 8860 dtex 7972 den

9 tex 0,9 tex 9000 Nm 5315 NeB 14882 NeL 17440 New 7972 NeK

0,1 dtex

10 tex -

0,111 den 1,111 den 1000 Nm 590 NeB 1654 NeL 1938 New 886 NeK 10000 Nm 5900 NeB

0,590 Nm 1,654 Nm 1,938 Nm 0,886 Nm 2,80 NeB 3,28 NeB 1,5 NeB 1,172 NeL 0,536 NeL 0,457 New -

16540 0,605 NeL 0,357 NeL NeL

19380 0,516 New 0,305 New 0,853 New New 8860 NeK

1,129 NeK 0,667 NeK 1,867 NeK 2,188 NeK

Mass count

Weight Length

tex

g km g 9000 m

den

Length count

Length Weight

Nm

m g 840 yds pound 300 yds pound 256 yds (woolen) pound 560 yds (worsted) pound

Twist with Ne T/ = e with Nm T/m = m with tex T/m = tex tex Ne Nm

Twist multiplier with Ne with Nm with tex e = T Ne

NeB NeL NeW NeK

m = T/m Nm tex = T/m tex

Weft twist Knit twist

Warp x 0,9 Warp x 0,8

Numbering systems for yarns and twists

Yarn count comparison chart (rounded figures)
tex 100,0 84,0 72,0 64,0 60,0 56,0 50,0 46,0 42,0 36,0 34,0 32,0 30,0 25,0 23,0 21,0 20,0 17,0 14,0 12,5 12,0 10,0 8,3 7,4 6,6 5,8 5,5 5,0 4,0 3,3 Nm 10,0 12,0 14,0 16,0 17,0 18,0 20,0 22,0 24,0 28,0 30,0 32,0 34,0 40,0 44,0 48,0 50,0 60,0 70,0 80,0 85,0 100,0 120,0 135,0 150,0 170,0 180,0 200,0 250,0 300,0 NeB 6,0 7,0 8,3 9,5 10,0 10,6 12,0 13,0 14,0 16,5 18,0 19,0 20,0 24,0 26,0 28,0 30,0 36,0 40,0 48,0 50,0 60,0 70,0 80,0 90,0 100,0 105,0 120,0 150,0 180,0 NeK 8,9 10,6 12,4 14,2 15,0 16,0 17,7 19,5 21,1 24,8 26,6 28,4 30,1 35,4 39,0 42,5 44,3 53,2 62,0 71,0 75,3 88,6 104,5 119,6 NeW 19,4 23,3 27,1 31,0 33,0 35,0 39,0 43,0 47,0 54,0 58,0 62,0 66,0 78,0 85,0 93,0 97,0 116,0 136,0 155,0 NeL 16,5 19,8 23,2 26,5 28,0 29,8 33,0 36,4 40,0 46,0 50,0 53,0 56,0 66,0 73,0 79,0 83,0 99,0 116,0 132,0 140,5 165,4 195,1 223,2 den 900 750 643 563 529 500 450 409 375 321 300 281 265 225 205 188 180 150 129 113 108 90 75 67 60 52 50 45 36 30

Traveller weights comparison chart flange travellers

Traveller weights in mg resp. per 1000 travellers in g
ISO standard 96-1: traveller weights in accordance with series R20 =100 +12,5% +12,5% Exceptions (in brackets): Series R40 = 100 + 6,25% + 6,25% + 6,25% The ISO number guarantees an even percentile grading Brcker travellers are produced in accordance with ISO 96-1
Traveller Brcker No ISO-No 28/0 26/0 24/0 22/0 20/0 19/0 18/0 17/0 16/0 15/0 14/0 13/0 12/0 11/0 10/0 9/0 8/0 7/0 6/0 5/0 4/0 3/0 2/0 1/0 1 2 3 6,3 7,1 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,2 12,5 (13,2) 14,0 (15,0) 16,0 (17,0) 18,0 20,0 22,4 (23,6) 25,0 28,0 31,5 35,5 40,0 45,0 50,0 56,0 63,0 71,0 80,0 KANAI* 6,7 8,1 9,5 10,9 12,3 13,0 13,7 14,5 15,4 16,6 18,3 20,0 21,6 23,4 24,8 26,8 28,5 30,2 32,2 35,1 38,3 42,2 48,3 54,6 62,2 74,0 81,0 R+F 5,0 6,0 7,1 8,0 9,0 10,0 11,2 12,8 13,2 14,5 16,0 17,0 18,0 19,0 20,0 22,4 23,6 26,5 30,0 31,5 35,5 40,0 45,0 50,0 60,0 71,0 80,0 4,8 8,1 11,3 14,6 16,2 17,8 19,4 21,1 22,7 24,3 25,9 27,5 29,2 30,8 32,4 34,0 35,6 38,9 42,1 45,4 48,6 51,8 58,3 64,8 71,3 77,8 CARTER Traveller Brcker No ISO-No 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 (475) 450 (425) 400 (375) 90 (95) 100 112 125 140 160 180 200 224 250 (265) 280 (300) 315 (335) 355 KANAI* 89 95 109 122 136 154 175 204 224 244 264 283 280 311 324 335 355 364 378 391 404 417 431 444 457 472 485 R+F 85 95 106 112 125 140 160 180 200 224 236 250 265 280 300 315 325 335 355 375 385 400 415 425 450 460 475 CARTER 84,2 90,7 103,7 116,6 129,6 149,0 168,5 194,4 213,8 233,3 252,7 272,2 285,1 298,1 311,0 324,0 337,0 350,0 362,9 375,8 388,8 401,8 414,7 427,7 440,6 453,6 466,6

* Only coated travellers / main types!

Traveller speeds / performance calculations

in m/s (rounded figures), ring diameter 36-70 mm
Formula: ring diameter x x n = m/s 1000 x 60

Feet/min: ~ m/s x 200

10 500 11 000 11 500

12 000 12 500 13 000

13 500 14 000 14 500

15 000 15 500 16 000

16 500 17 000 17 500

18 000 18 500 19 000

19 500 20 000 20 500

21 000 21 500 22 000

22 500 23 000 23 500 22 500 23 000 23 500

9 000 9 500 10 000

mm
70 67 63 60 57 54 51 48 45 42 40 38 36

Inch
23/4 33 34 36 38 40 42 25/8 31 33 35 36 38 40 42 43 45 21/2 29 31 33 34 36 38 39 41 42 23/8 28 29 31 33 34 36 37 39 40 42 44 45 21/4 25 27 28 30 31 32 34 35 37 38 40 41

Spindle speed n/min

21/8 25 26 28 29 31 32 34 35 36 38 39 41 42 43 45 2 24 25 26 28 29 30 32 33 34 36 37 38 40 41 42

17/8 22 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 32 34 35 36 37 39 40 41 42 44 13/4 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 30 31 33 34 35 36 37 39 40 41 42 43 44 15/8 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 43 44 45 19/16 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 41 42 43 11/2 127/64 9 000 9 500 10 000 10 500 11 000 11 500 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 40 41 42 43 45 46 47 48 49 50 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 12 000 12 500 13 000 13 500 14 000 14 500 15 000 15 500 16 000 16 500 17 000 17 500 18 000 18 500 19 000 19 500 20 000 20 500 21 000 21 500 22 000 24 000 24 500 25 000

Spindle speed n/min

Performance calculations Delivery: L = n = m/min T/m Production: Ppr = L x tex x 60 x l = g/h 1000 or Ppr = n x tex x 60 x l = g/h T/m x 1000 L Ppr n g/h l = Delivery in m/min. = Production in practice = Spindle speed in min-1 = Gram / hour (spindle) = Efficiency

T/m = Twists per m

24 000 24 500 25 000

Ring-

Hairiness
Measuring methods
Uster Tester 3 und 4 Method : A beam of light is directed on the yarn. The protruding fibres reflect the light and its intensity shows the hairiness value H (dimensionless value). Hairiness H : Total length of the protruding fibres within the measuring panel of 1 cm (e.g. H 4 corresponds to 4 cm fibres on 1 cm yarn). The value H is dimensionless. Measuring in combination with mass, IPI, neps. Evaluation of: medium hairiness / CV-hairiness, spectrogram. Uster Standards for hairiness available Further information: www.uster.com Zweigle hairiness measuring device G 566 Method: The fibres protruding from the body of the yarn are counted and classified to the following length rates: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 21, 25 mm Measuring length 1m The S3 value is the sum of all hairs longer than 2mm. The index is a reference and can be taken as a standard value only when other rates have been selected. Further information: www.zweigle.com Please note: Hairiness is being measured on cops and bobbins and can not be directly compared with each other (bobbins show a higher hairiness).

10

Hairiness
Appearance
Yarn hairiness We speak of yarn hairiness when the body of the yarn has an exceeding number of long hair protruding out of it. Cop hairiness We speak of cop hairiness when the outer side of the cop has an exceeding number of long hair protruding out of it. Hairiness as a disturbance factor Hairiness is considered as a disturbance in the following operations : - Sizing machine (lateral hooking) - Warping, beam warping (dust) - Rewinding - Weaving (weft bars) Measuring methods The following measuring devices are on the market : - Uster Tester 3/4 - Zweigle G566 Hairiness Tester
Hairiness measuring methods see page 10 Kind of hairiness Yarn Cop Cause Remedy

Further information on our Info sheet 8051 "Hairiness of yarn and cop in ring spinning".

Symbols

Yarn hairiness

Cop hairiness

Ring condition Rough gliding surfaces reduce the braking effect of the ring traveller or disturb smooth running. Traveller weight too light: Poor twist contraction of the fibres on the spinning triangle Heavy friction of the balloon on the antiballooning ring resp. impact on the balloon separator Poor twist propagation to the spinning triangle. Too heavy traveller or too much wear on the traveller: Friction of the yarn leading to roughening and hairiness Traveller wear in yarn passage area, causing roughening

Replace rings (heavier ring travellers only rarely or temporarily bring improvement, yarn breaks increase) Ringzustand Increase traveller weight or choose another traveller type

Ringzustand Reduce traveller weight or choose another traveller type Reduce traveller running time

11

Hairiness
Appearance
Kind of hairiness Yarn Cop

Cause Uneven yarn tension Poor ring centring Poorly centred thread guides Thread guides with rough surfaces Open anti-ballooning ring Crooked tubes

Remedy Ringzustand Re-centre rings, spindles resp. thread guides Replace damaged parts Closed anti-balloon rings New tubes

Yarn passage Ringzustand Yarn is roughened in narrow Use a traveller with a larger yarn clearance yarn clearance Scratched up yarn passages Reduce traveller running catch the yarn and time roughen it Wire profile The wire profile can influence the yarn tension If necessary, adjust the traveller weight Cop diameter Fibres protruding from the cop are caught by the traveller and cut. This function does not work if distance between traveller and cop is too large. Electrostatic The fibres get electrostatically loaded (direction of charge +/without significance) Crippled cops Effect of the "beard breaker" fails Ringzustand Adjust traveller weight

udr dr f

Ringzustand Set the cop diameter to the largest possible size Use "beard breakers"

Ringzustand Increase air humidity Assure conductive discharge with isolated ring rails Ringzustand No remedy possible, however, improve general running behaviour

12

Influence of the ring condition on the yarn quality

The ring / traveller system has to fulfil the following functions : To transmit the twist To provide and regulate the spinning tension To wind up the yarn The spinning tension is a central factor for the yarn quality regarding yarn hairiness. The most important influencing parameters for a consistent spinning tension are: Centring of the ring to the spindle Centring of the thread guides and anti-ballooning rings Surface condition of the ring raceway Influence of different surface conditions on the yarn hairiness
Ring condition Roughness values Achieved yarn quality Ne 60 - 132 Ne 24 -50 Ne 6 - 20

Rt RzD Ra

0 - 1,0 0 - 1,0 0 - 0,15

Rt RzD Ra

1,0 - 1,5 1,0 - 1,5 0,15 - 0,2

Rt RzD Ra

1,5 - 2,0 1,5 - 2,0 0,20 - 0,25

Rt RzD Ra

2,0 - 4,0 2,0 - 3,0 0,25 - 0,40

Rt RzD Ra Good Acceptable Critical

> 4,0 > 3,0 > 0,40 Deficient

13

Yarn breaks
General By reducing yarn breaks, the spinning costs become lower and the productivity increases. By selecting the right ring and traveller, these performances can be substantially influenced.
Yarn strength
% 100 95 85 Yarn strength in the spinning process 85-95%

How does a yarn break? When the current spinning tension in the spinning process is higher than the current yarn strength. Practically, this means that a thin place in the yarn and a peak in tension occur simultaneously.
15 10 Spinning tension: 10-15% of the yarn strength Thin place Tension peaks Yarn break

Influence of the speed on yarn breaks At higher speeds more yarn is being produced. As the yarn breaks are mostly counted per time unit, the latter has to be considered. At higher speeds (with identical spinning geometry) the spinning tension is bound to be higher. The yarn strength however does not change, therefore the probability of yarn breaks does increase. Therefore on state-of-the-art ring spinning machines the spindle rotation is adjusted accordingly (reduction on the base and top of the cop).

Distribution of yarn breaks while building up of the cop

Cop build-up

Yarn breaks

14

Causes of yarn breaks

Yarn breaks can have different causes. A perfect ring condition and the selection of the right travellers are of utmost importance. If yarn breaks do suddenly increase substantially, other factors, the whole spinning process stages as well as the climatic conditions should be considered in addition. In general, we distinguish between 2 kinds of yarn breaks: Breaks during spinning process
Cause of yarn breaks Unsuitable traveller type Spinning tension too high resp. too low Uneven spinning tension, yarn tension peaks Poor condition of the rings Running time of the travellers Insufficient yarn strength related to the selected speed Yarn evenness Raw material Climatic conditions not optimal, fly Remedy (corrections / solutions) Try another traveller shape, wire profile Adjust traveller weight Strive for a well-balanced balloon Re-centre rings, anti-ballooning rings and thread guides Replace rings Test wear and tear, shorten the replacing cycles Adjust the spindle speed to the yarn strength (knit yarns show a reduced strength). Check spinning preparation, drafting system Analyse modification of the fibre quality resp. softening agents of chemical fibres Optimise climate, adjust blower and exhaust installation

Breakage during doffing

Cause of yarn breaks Yarn unthreading from travellers Setting of the machines Remedy (corrections / solutions) Change traveller type (shape, profile), pay attention to toe gap Adjust the lowering speed of the ring rail, check start-up program (compare with other machines). Run up faster, increase traveller weight Check condition of the rings, change traveller type Delay start-up of drafting system

Balloon stability too slowly built-up Traveller jammed High curling tendency of the yarn

15

Yarn breaks
Example of annual loss in production due to yarn breaks
Basic data
Ne 24 30 40 Nm 40 50 70 Production/spindle/hour in grams 25 20 17
Annual loss in production by 1'000 spindles in tons 2,0 3,0 Ne 24

2,5

Ne 30 Ne 40

Average duration of breakage: 30 min. Hours of operation in 1 year: 8'000

1,5

Depending on the breakage rate, the annual loss in production can be calculated, based on the following example:

1,0

0,5 20 30 40 Breakage rate per 1'000 spindles / hour

Annual loss in production (in tons)

Ne 24 Number of yarn breaks 20'000 Spindles 30'000 Spindles 50'000 Spindles 20 26,4 39,6 66 30 40 60 100 40 52,8 79,2 132 20 21,6 32,4 54 Ne 30 30 32 48 80 40 43,2 64,8 108 20 18,4 27,6 46 Ne 40 30 27,2 40,8 68 40 36 54 90

16

Neps
When neps are mentioned in connection with rings and travellers, it means production neps. They do occur merely (and they are measurable) on yarns Ne 40 and finer.

Formation of neps Production neps do mainly occur in the upper half of the cop and on the top of the cone. It is the matter of pushed-back, retained fibres and they do arise on tight gliding points and edges as well as at too high spinning tensions.
Production neps

Cause Yarn clearance too tight Yarn passage intersects with the wear and tear spot Unsuited wire profile Spinning tension too high Notched thread guide

Remedy Select a traveller with a higher bow Reduce life time, select a lighter traveller Change from f to udr, resp. from udr to dr Select a lighter traveller Replace Yarn clearance

Yarn passage

Wear and tear area

When yarn passage and wear and tear area separated: No risk for neps.

When yarn passage intersects with wear and tear area: Formation of neps possible.

17

C-shape, Orbit and SU travellers

Designation of the ring traveller parts

C-shaped travellers

1 Inner traveller width 2 Height of bow 3 Yarn passage 4 Wire section 5 Traveller - ring contact surface 6 Angle of toe 7 Toe 8 Opening 9 Upper part of traveller bow

1 9

2 5

7 4

20

Yarn clearance
The yarn clearance must be adapted to the yarn count, yarn twist (volume) as well as to the fibres processed. The yarn clearance does also influence the fibre lubrication (see page 24) : Reduced yarn clearance good lubrication Large yarn clearance reduced lubrication

- low-bowed traveller - reduced yarn clearance - low centre of gravity for fine cotton yarns for compact yarns Optimum fibre lubrication

- low to medium bowed traveller - small to medium yarn clearance for fine to medium fine cotton yarns Normal fibre lubrication

- high-bowed traveller - large yarn clearance for medium to coarse cotton yarns, also suitable for blends and synthetics (see page 30) Reduced fibre lubrication

21

Wire sections
The wire section does influence the yarn quality, the running behaviour, the performance and the life time of the travellers. The right choice of the wire section is an important factor for optimum results. f Only for cotton: improves the traveller lubrication.

dr

Synthetics and blends: prevents fibre damage. Fine cotton yarns: reduces production (push-back) neps.

udr

For cotton and blends: Through an enlarged contact surface on the ring raceway, highest performances are possible. For Core yarns with PES core, acrylics and delicate fibres. f-profile at the toe increases the ring contact. r-profile for fibre protection in the yarn passage. Special profile for SU travellers. Application for Viscose and Polyester.

fr

drh

Main application for J and HZ travellers.

SFB travellers: udr, dr, f, r profile. 22

Finishing treatments
For C-shaped travellers Travellers with an additional finish show the following advantages: Higher traveller speeds Longer traveller life Improved running behaviour and as a result a more consistent yarn quality Rust / oxidation protection (specially Starlet and Record2) High performance travellers are only available with a finishing treatment Saphir Diffusion treatment Brcker Saphir has been especially developed for high performances. The enrichment components are present throughout the entire traveller section and do generate their effect even when the surface is affected. Saphir can be used for the ring running-in, normal operation and covers the entire fibre and yarn count range. Starlet Electrolytic surface treatment (special nickel plating) A nickel coating is applied with a special process. Low friction values in the yarn passage prevent fibre damages. Optimum resistance to corrosion.

Magic Nickel/Teflon coating In case of poor lubrication through dry cotton or special softening agents on synthetic fibres, the traveller life can be increased considerably. Record2 Coating made of nickel alloy Special finish for the processing of synthetic fibres. This finish is applied on SU travellers and travellers with fr profile.

23

Traveller friction
The traveller has, among other things, the function to regulate the spinning tension. This spinning tension must be high enough to keep the thread balloon stable and, on the other hand, not too high in order to avoid yarn breaks due to tension. The ring / traveller system in the short staple spinning operates "dry". At high speeds normal friction systems only work with additional lubricants. The ring / traveller system does only function thanks to this so-called fibre lubrication. As a result, the fibres protruding from the yarn body between ring and traveller are crushed and form a steady regenerating lubrication film.
Fibre lubrication Lubricating film

Depending on the fibre (dry or strong waxcontaining cotton or softening agents on synthetics) the resulting coefficient of friction differs. The coefficient of friction of the fibre lubrication can vary in extreme cases from 0.08 to 0.12. This is the reason, why in some cases for identical spinning conditions different traveller weights must be applied.

24

Traveller friction
The spinning tension is the result of the following values:
Parameter Traveller weight Ring diameter Traveller speed Coefficient of friction Depending on Yarn count, spinning geometry Spinning geometry, machine Spindle speed, ring diameter Fibre, yarn hairiness, use of existing resources.

Example: A traveller with 40 mg weight develops at a coefficient of friction of 0.08 about the same friction as a traveller with 28 mg weight and a coefficient of friction of 0.12
Traveller friction
mN 350
Traveller weight in mg

300

200 150

100

0.08

0.09

0.1

0.11

0.12

Coefficient of friction Formula

R=N
R = Traveller friction in mN = Coefficient of friction 2 N = Normal force Fz mL x v r Fz = Centrifugal force mL = Mass of the traveller in mg v = Traveller speed in m/s r = Radius of the ring (inside)

25

250

40 35.5 31.5 28

Yarn clearance and its influence on the traveller lubrication

The required yarn clearance in the traveller must be selected according to the yarn count and to the fibres processed. It is determined by the traveller shape and the inclination of the traveller (see also page 27). Effects of the yarn clearance on the yarn quality and the running behaviour of the traveller:
Yarn clearance Yarn count Fibre Influence on lubrication film Influence on yarn quality Small, low Fine Cotton Good traveller lubrication Danger of "push-back" neps and melting points (on synthetics). Large, high Coarse Synthetics, blends Reduced traveller lubrication Excellent yarn quality guaranteed

The inclination of the traveller is primary influenced by the spinning geometry and the spinning tension. The stronger the inclination of the traveller, the more the yarn clearance is reduced and the better the traveller lubrication. The influences of traveller shape and inclination are shown in the following pictures: Low-bowed traveller

Position

vertical (theoretical position)

medium inclination

strong inclination

High-bowed traveller 26

Motions of the ring traveller

Top of taper

The traveller has, among other things, the important task to level out the different balloon forces. The following parameters are decisive: Ring rail stroke over build-up of cop (influence of tube length) Ring rail stroke during one traverse (small-/large cop diameter) determines the traveller pulling angle Variations of speeds over cops build-up Disturbing elements and influences (fly, turbulence, etc. ) Coefficient of friction ring / traveller (fibre lubrication)

Spinning on empty tube: large Bottom of taper Tight balloon

Spinning on full cop: small Soft balloon

The traveller changes its position during its work on the spinning ring in addition to the circular movement in 3 different directions: Tilting motion K Pitching motion N Radial motion R These motions are caused by the balloon forces variations. They are shown in the pictures.

K N

R N Conclusion The traveller is the levelling element in the spinning process. The right adjustment resp. choice of traveller under consideration of all mentioned parameters are decisive for the performance of the yarn quality during the spinning process. K

27

Ring traveller/ring contact areas

The ring traveller is subjected to tension forces from the thread balloon (see page 27). This makes defining the contact area between ring and traveller very complex. By combining the traveller's arc radius with its wire profile, the desired large traveller contact area is achieved already during the starting phase of a newly replaced traveller. Traveller position and balloon shape on the top of the taper during spinning/winding

Traveller position and balloon shape on the base of the taper during spinning/winding

Traveller positions during spinning/winding on the base of the taper Calculated in practice (after running for 1-2 hours) Yarn passage

Contact area 28

Compact spinning
Compact spinning systems generate yarns with the most reduced hairiness. The fibre lubrication for the ring / traveller system is reduced and results in a poor lubrication. By using best suited rings and travellers the compact yarns can be processed under optimum conditions.
Conventional ring yarn

Ring shape Flange rings for normal to high speeds Orbit rings for highest performances Restricted yarn count range (see application recommendation page 42) Ring finish Titan for the entire range of application Travellers Low yarn clearance, ultra half round (udr) and half round (dr) profile Application recommendation

Compact yarn

Flange 1 with C 1 EL udr

Guiding values, the effective traveller types and numbers should be evaluated through trials

Yarn No Ne 10 12 14 16 20 24 30 36 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 105

RL dr

Orbit

SFB 2.8

PM udr/dr

Rieter K40/K44

63

45

40 35,5 28

25 22,4 18

16 16

14 12,5 14 12,5

FI 1
C 1 UL udr

C 1 EL udr SFB 2.8 45 40 35,5 28 25 22,4 18

140 125 100 90

80

56

45

40
C 1 EL udr

Suessen EliTe

FI 1
C 1 UL udr

SFB 2.8 40 31,5 28

125 112 90 80 71 50 40 31,5

25 22,4 20

16

14 12,5 11,2

29

Processing of blended and synthetic yarns

Important points
Remedy Replace guides

Thread guide Notched or slightly torn thread guides damage the fibres and roughen the yarn.

Anti-ballooning ring A large bulging balloon increases the friction on the anti-ballooning ring, leading to mechanical and thermal fibre damages.

Remedy Apply heavier travellers to reduce friction on the antiballooning ring. In extreme cases, remove anti-ballooning ring (avoid balloon hitting on separators!).

30

Yarn passage Operating at high traveller speeds, the contact area of the traveller with the ring can become very hot. If the yarn runs too close in this area, damages might occur.

Remedy Use traveller with defined position of the yarn passage (C 1 UM, C 1 LM). For Core yarns with PES filament core use fr profile. Reduce speed if necessary.

Ring crown If the yarn touches the ring crown, thermal damages can occur. In addition, the yarn will be roughened.

Remedy Use traveller with defined position of the yarn passage (C 1 UM, C 1 LM). Use rings with a lower ring crown (Brcker rings).

31

Core yarns
Yarns with a filament core, which are covered by staple fibres (wrapping fibres). When processing core yarns it must be avoided that the wrapping fibres get pushed back at the guiding points, in particular in the yarn passage of the traveller. The traveller speeds are limited with such yarns. We distinguish between: Hard core Soft core
Core

Filament core made of PES (for sewing thread, etc.) Elastic filament core (Spandex, Lycra, Dorlastan, etc.)
Hard (PES Filament) Soft (Spandex)

Characteristics

Very delicate yarn for spinning. Due to the smooth surface of the filament, the wrapping fibres do adhere insufficiently and may be pushed back. The lower the ratio filament to the covering fibres, the more critical is the processing.

When running at normal (reduced) speeds, regular rings and travellers can be used. Avoid over-stretching of the elastic core thread.

Special attention Travellers Shape Wire section Weight Traveller speeds Traveller life time Rings Ring finish Remarks Traveller lubrication Anti-ballooning rings

Push back of fibres

With fine counts, perfect core guiding is required

High-bowed travellers fr / r (coarse counts dr) Higher weights compared to regular yarns See table page 33 20 to 25 m/s 168 to 336 h

Use regular traveller shapes (as for cotton). dr or udr Lighter travellers compared to regular yarns See table page 33 25 to 30 m/s 168 to 336 h

Thermo800, ThermoTB, Carat+

All types, including Titan

Poor lubrication

Normal, sufficient for above mentioned traveller speeds. Avoid, if possible

32

Core yarns
Traveller weights
Hard (PES-Filament) Traveller recommendation, guiding values The effective traveller types and numbers should be evaluated through trials
Yarn Count Ne Traveller No ISO low high low high Flange 2 Recommended traveller types Flange 1 6 8 10 12 14 16 20 24 30 40 63 50 50 63 60 40 50

280 250 250 200 180 160 125 100 90

355 315 315 250 224 200 160 140 112 80 16 20 14 18 14 18 12 14 11 13 10 12 8 10 6 9 H 2 fr C 1 SH fr C 1 SM fr 4 7 1 3

Traveller No

2/0 4/0 1 2/0

C 2 HW dr, H 2 dr

EM 1 fr

Soft (Spandex) Traveller recommendation, guiding values The effective traveller types and numbers should be evaluated through trials
Yarn Count Ne Traveller No ISO low high low high 8 10 12 14 16 71 20 56 71 24 50 63 30 40 50 60 70 18 25

140 112 100 90

45 35,5 22,4 20 56 45 28 25

180 140 125 112 90 9 11 7 9 6 8 4 7 2 4

Traveller No

1/0 2/0 3/0 5/0 10/0 11/0 12/0 2 1 1/0 3/0 7/0 8/0 8/0

Traveller types: same as for cotton yarns (see page 38)

33

Traveller delivery program for flange rings

Flange 1 and 1/2 normal profile
Normal profile Flange 1 3.2 mm (Subject to modification) Range of application High speeds possible Normal conditions Assignment yarn count /traveller weight see page 37 Traveller No 14 12 11 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0 5/0 6/0 7/0 8/0 10/0 12/0 16/0 20/0 26/0

Traveller Shape Wire section type L1 f udr C 1 SL C 1 UL M1 dr udr f f dr udr C 1 UM C 1 LM C 1 MM C 1 B7/8S EM 1 C 1 SM C 1 SH Flange 1/2 2.6 mm udr udr udr udr fr fr fr

Cotton Blends + Synthetics Core yarns (Hard core)

22/0 16

C 1/2 UM

udr

28/0

Example for placing an order: An order should include the following specifications: Traveller shape Example: C 1 MM Wire section udr Finish Saphir Packaging AP Traveller No ISO 71 Quantity in 1' 100

see also: traveller type pages 38, 39 ; traveller weight page 37 ; finish page 23

34

Traveller delivery program for flange rings

Flange 1 antiwedge profile / inclined flange rings SFB (Orbit) and SU
Antiwedge profile Flange 1 3.2 mm (Subject to modification) Range of application High speeds possible Normal conditions Assignment yarn count /traveller weight see page 37 Traveller No 14 12 11 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0 5/0 6/0 7/0 8/0 10/0 12/0 16/0 20/0

Traveller Shape type EL 1 C 1 EL C 1 SL C 1 UL EM 1 f

Wire section udr dr dr udr f f dr udr

Cotton Blends + Synthetics Core yarns (Hard core) SU

16

C 1 UM C 1 LM C 1 MM EM 1 C 1 SM C 1 SH SFB 2.8 (Orbit)

udr udr udr fr fr fr

PM

udr dr f r

RL SU-B SU-BF SU-BM

dr drh r udr drh ISO 400

35

Traveller delivery program for flange rings

Flange 2 normal and antiwedge profile
Normal profile Flange 2 4.0 mm (Subject to modification) Range of application High speeds possible Normal conditions Assignment yarn count / traveller weight see page 37 Traveller No 14 12 11 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0 5/0 6/0 7/0 8/0 10/0 12/0 16/0 20/0

Traveller Shape type M2 f

Wire section dr udr

C 2 UM C 2 MM H2

udr dr f dr fr 36 26 120 80 18

C 2 HW C2

dr f dr r Antiwedge profile Flange 2 4.0 mm

EM 2

f dr r

C 2 UM C 2 MM EH 2

udr dr dr 18 36

Example for placing an order: An order should include the following specifications: Traveller shape Example: H2 Wire section dr Finish Saphir Packaging AP Traveller No ISO 125 Quantity in 1' 10

see also: traveller type pages 38, 39 ; traveller weight page 37 ; finish page 23

Cotton Blends + Synthetics Core yarns (Hard core)

36

Traveller weights for T flange, Orbit, SU

Compact yarns see page 29 The traveller weights are determined beside the yarn number by the following parameters: Yarn twist Fibre type Spindle speed Spinning geometry Small ring diameter Large ring diameter Knitting Blends, synthetics Higher RPM Small balloon Large balloon
T flange Orbit

Lighter travellers 1-2 number heavier travellers Rather lighter travellers Lighter travellers Heavier travellers
SU

Tex

Nm

Ne

T flange

Orbit PES

SU PAC and CV ISO 250 224 200 160 125 80 80 63 56 56 50 40 315 280 250 250 200 160 140 112 80 71 63 50 250 200 140 100 90 80 63 50 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.5 315 280 200 160 140 112 80 71 63 50 45 40

Traveller No 100 72 59 50 42 36 30 25 20 17 15 12 10 8.5 7.4 6.6 5.6 5.3 4.5 10 14 17 20 24 27 34 40 50 60 68 85 100 120 135 150 180 190 220 6 8 10 12 14 16 20 24 30 36 40 50 60 70 80 90 105 112 132 14 11 9 6 3 1 2/0 4/0 5/0 6/0 7/0 8/0 10/0 11/0 14/0 16/0 18/0 19/0 22/0 18 14 11 9 7 4 2 1 2/0 3/0 4/0 6/0 7/0 10/0 11/0 12/0 14/0 16/0 19/0 250 180 140 100 80 63 50 40 35.5 31.5 28 25 22.4 20 16 14 12.5 11.2 9

ISO 315 250 180 140 112 90 71 63 50 45 40 35.5 28 22.4 20 18 16 14 11.2

ISO

90 80 71 63 45 31.5 28 25 20 18 16 14 14 12.5

125 112 100 90 71 50 40 40 31.5 25 22.4 20 18 16

The values mentioned above are guiding values. The final traveller number should be selected through trials. 37

Recommendation for Brcker travellers

T flange, Orbit, SU
Fibre Cotton
Compact yarns see page 29

Yarn Count Range

coarse Ne 6 - 16 M 1 / EM 1 dr C 1 MM udr

medium Ne 12 -40 M 1 / EM 1 udr C 1 LM udr C 1 MM udr

fine Ne 30 - 80 C 1 UL udr L 1 udr C 1 SL dr

super fine Ne 60 - 150 C 1 SL dr L1f C 1 EL udr

Flange 1

C 1 LM udr M 1 / EM 1 f

M 1 / EM 1 dr C 1 UM udr

C 1 UL f L 1 / EL 1 f C 1 MM udr M 1 / EM 1 udr M 1 / EM 1 f M 2 udr C 2 MM dr C 2 UM udr

C 1 EL dr C 1 UL udr M1f M 1 dr EL 1 f M2f M 2 dr

C 2 HW dr H 2 / EH 2 dr

C 2 MM dr M 2 / EM 2 dr C 2 UM udr H2f M2f

Flange 2

H2f C 2 MM dr C2f

Orbit

SFB 2,8 PM udr SFB 2,8 PM dr SFB 2,8 RL dr

SFB 2,8 RL dr SFB 2,8 PM udr SFB 2,8 PM dr

SU Travellers in bold prints are mostly used. Traveller weights see page 37

38

Recommendation for Brcker travellers

T flange, Orbit, SU
PES / CV / Blends
Core yarns see pages 32, 33 coarse Ne 6 - 24 M 1 / EM 1 dr C 1 MM udr C 1 UM udr medium fine Ne 20 - 60 C 1 UM udr C 1 MM udr C 1 LM udr M 1 / EM 1 udr M 1 / EM 1 dr C 1 UL udr C 1 SL dr Ne 6 - 40 C 1 SH fr C 1 SM fr EM 1 fr

PAC

C 1 LM udr C 1 B 7/8 S

M 1 / EM 1 dr

C 2 HW dr H 2 / EH 2 dr C 2 UM udr

C 2 MM dr C 2 UM udr M 2 / EM 2 dr

C 2 HW dr H 2 / EH 2 dr H 2 fr C 2 UM udr C 2 MM dr

SFB 2.8 PM dr SFB 2.8 PM udr SFB 2.8 PM r SU-B drh SU-BM drh SU-BF udr SU-B drh SU-BM drh SU-BM drh SU-B drh SU-BF udr

Travellers in bold prints are mostly used. Traveller weights see page 37

39

Setting of the traveller cleaner

Flange 1
b
Under no circumstances should the traveller touch the cleaner (yarn breaks, ring damage). By application of different traveller types and/or numbers, the largest value should be set.

Traveller Type L1 C 1 SL C 1 UL C 1 MM M 1, EM 1 Profile f, udr dr f, udr udr f, dr, udr fr C 1 UM C 1 EL, EL 1 C 1 LM C1B / S
7 8

b 10/0 1,6 1,8 1,8 1,9 1,9 8/0 - 4/0 2,0 1,8 1,8 2,1 2,1 2,7 1,7 1,9 1,9 1,7 2,1 2,1 3/0 - 3 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1* 2,2 3,0 1,9 2,1 2,3 2,2 2,3 2,5 2,6 3,3 3,7 3,3 4 3,5 4,1 5,2 3,0 3,0 * 2,6 3,0 4 - 10 11- 16

udr f, dr, udr udr udr fr fr

C 1 SM C 1 SH

*C 1 MM : Nr 1-6 b = 2,6 ; Nr 7-10 b = 3,0

b h

Tangential traveller cleaner (udr, dr, f profile only) Suitable for high speed travellers Recommended for all compact spinning processes Advantages: more efficient cleaning of the traveller, prevention of fibre accumulation. Important: The tangential traveller cleaner must be installed with a distance h = 4,5 mm to the flange crown.
8/0 - 1 2,2 3/0 - 6 2,4 4 - 12 2,8

Traveller No Distance b

26/0 - 11/0 1,8

16/0 - 6/0 2,2

40

Setting of the traveller cleaner

Flange 2
b
Under no circumstances should the traveller touch the cleaner (yarn breaks, ring damage). By application of different traveller types and/or numbers, the largest value should be set.

Traveller Type M2 C 2 UM C 2 MM H2 C 2 HW EM 2 Profile f, dr, udr udr dr f, dr fr dr f, dr r EH 2 Type C2 f, dr Profile f r, dr 7/0 1,7 2,4 6/0-1/0 2,0 2,8 2,2 2,7 2,4 3,0 2,4 1-6 2,1 3,5 11/0 1,9 10/0-4/0 2,1 1,7 2,4 3/0-3 2,2 1,9 2,4 2,2 3,0

b 4-10 2,4 2,1 3,0 2,6 3,5 3,0 2,8 3,4 2,8 7-9 2,7 3,8 3,1 10-18 3,1 4,8 3,3 20-28 3,8 6,0 3,6 30-35 5,0 6,5 3,2 2,8 3,3 3,4 3,3 3,0 3,3 3,3 3,6 11-14 16-20 22-36

b h

Tangential traveller cleaner (udr, dr, f profile only) Suitable for high speed travellers Recommended for all compact spinning processes Advantages: more efficient cleaning of the traveller, prevention of fibre accumulation. Important: The tangential traveller cleaner must be installed with a distance h = 4,5 mm to the flange crown.
3 - 36 4,1

Traveller No Distance b

12/0 - 4/0 2,8

6/0 - 8 3,3

41

Orbit ring / traveller system

The Orbit ring / traveller system (patented worldwide) is designed for spinning at top speeds whilst producing best yarn quality. The special features of the Orbit system are: Large contact area between traveller and ring reduces the specific pressure Optimum heat dissipation traveller to ring The Orbit system offers the following advantages: Increase in speed and production High dynamic stability in traveller running Reduction of yarn breakage Improved and more consistent yarn quality No thermal damage when processing synthetics Application: Fibres:
Orbit-Ring

T-Ring

Cotton combed Polyester/cotton blends Polyester 100%

Yarn count range: Ne 30 to 60 recommended finer and coarser possible Pre-conditions for best results: High performance spinning frames Yarns with warp twist (high strength allows high spinning tension) Roving yarns in high and even quality Well performing air-conditioning

Contact surface

42

Ring travellers for ORBIT rings

Shape

Designation

Profile

ISO number range

Application

dr

12.5 - 125

- Cotton - Polyester - Blends medium coarse - Cotton - Blends - Compact yarns Ne 36 and coarser - Cotton

SFB 2.8 PM

udr

18 - 80

16 - 25

25 - 63

- Polyester - Core yarns - Cotton - (Polyester ) - Blends fine yarn counts - Compact yarns Ne 30 and finer

SFB 2.8 RL

dr

12,5 - 71

PM : for all fibre types, large yarn clearance, therefore especially suitable for man-made fibres. RL : small yarn clearance, especially suitable for cotton yarn, good fibre lubrication. Possible to process fine blends (cotton/polyester) and in particular for compact yarns. The travellers for Orbit rings are used with the wellestablished Rapid tool (see pages 84, 85). SFB travellers are exclusively supplied in magazined packaging. Traveller weights / yarn counts see page 37.

43

Traveller wear and tear

Visual assessment

Optimal wear distribution Traveller weight OK

Excessive wear in area B Traveller is too heavy

Excessive wear in area A Traveller is too light

Heavy wear! If more than 10% of the travellers are worn out: - Reduce changing cycle of travellers - Reduce spindle speed - Check the rings - Possibly change traveller shape, wire section or traveller weight

44

Setting of the traveller cleaner

Tangential traveller cleaner
Guiding value setting "b":

b
4,5 mm

Traveller No ISO 12.5 - 40 28 - 80 63 - 125

"b" 1,5 mm 1,9 mm 2,2 mm

Caution! Under no circumstances should the traveller touch the cleaner. The traveller number used at the end of the ring running-in program, i.e. also for normal operation, is decisive. Mounting height of the tangential cleaner: 4.5 mm below the ring crown

45

SU Ring / traveller system

The SU ring / traveller system is suitable for the processing of synthetics (PAC, VC, PES) and blends (pre-condition is, however, a significant proportion of synthetics) in the medium to coarse yarn count range. In some cases the conical, lubricated rings can be replaced by the SU ring / traveller system. The design features of the SU system are: Large contact area between ring and traveller reduces the specific pressure. Optimum heat dissipation traveller to ring The SU ring / traveller system provides following advantages: No lubrication required (as against conical rings; not suitable for pure wool) Better and more even yarn quality Consistent yarn tension No thermal fibre damages Increased life cycle of travellers and rings Higher spindle speeds Lower yarn breakage rate No yarn stain

T-Ring

SU

Contact surface

46

Ring travellers for SU rings

Shape

Designation

Profile

ISO number range

Application

SU-B

drh

31,5 - 400

- Acrylics - Polyester - Blends - (Wool blends)

SU-BF

udr

31,5 - 100

- Viscose - Viscose blends - Acrylics - Fibres with strong softening agents - Acrylics - Polyester - Blends - Wool blends

SU-B

31,5 - 250

SU-BM

drh

35,5 - 224

SU-B For all synthetics and their blends with natural fibres. SU-BF For viscose fibres, higher speeds compared to SU-B and SU-BM SU-BM For all synthetics and their blends with natural fibres. Enlarged yarn clearance, especially suitable for delicate fibres. The travellers for the SU-rings are used with the well proven Rapid tool SU (see pages 84, 85). Finish SU travellers are available in Saphir diffusion finish and in Record2 (for synthetics with special softening agents). Traveller weights / yarn counts see page 37

47

Setting of the traveller cleaner

Guiding value setting "b":

Traveller No ISO < ISO 63 ISO 56 -112 > ISO 100

"b" 1,7 mm 1,9 mm 2,1 mm

48

Spinning rings

Rings, range of application

T flange and Orbit rings

Orbit
Ring/Traveller System high

Titan

NovaSelect ** performance

Strato+

Carat+

Thermo800, ThermoTB normal

NovaBasic ** 10 20 24 30 40 50 60 80 105 132

Yarn count Ne ** Nova rings reduced delivery program: Only flange 1 Ring 38, 40, 42, 45: Seating measurements see Nova prospectus

50

Ring profiles
Flange-, ORBIT-, SU-rings
Universal profile Flange 1/2 Flange width 2.6 mm

Normal profile Flange 1 Flange width 3.2 mm

Antiwedge profile

Normal profile Flange 2 Flange width 4.0 mm

Orbit with supporting ring Orbit SFB 2.8

SU with supporting area SU

SU with supporting ring

51

Ring shapes
According to machine, fixing method and ring holder
Single flange rings

Height 18 (19) mm, 12 mm 8 (10) mm Reversible rings

Height 8 (10) mm Orbit rings

Height 8 to 18 mm SU rings

Height 10 and 18 (19) mm Rieter, Zinser, Toyoda with supporting rings Marzoli without supporting ring

52

Fixing methods

Circlip (Toyoda, Zinser, Howa)

Press system (page 54)

Aluminium holder (Rieter, Lakshmi)

Force fit (Marzoli)

Sheet metal holder with normal ring (FA503, FA507)

Sheet metal holder with Nova ring (FA503, FA507)

Aluminium holder with single flange ring

Sheet metal holder with reversible ring

53

Brcker Press-System
The Brcker Press-System provides the following advantages: Simple, quick replacement of rings Time needed for 1'000 rings: 1-2 hours (1 person) No re-centring Should a set of rings with another be available (large yarn count differences), can the replacement take place within a very short time.

Toyoda, Zinser, Howa

Rieter, Marzoli, Sssen, Savio

Lifting up the Press-System rings.

54

Rings with large difference inner / outer diameter

On 18/19 mm high rings with a -difference from the smallest to the largest of more than 12 mm, rings with an aluminium adaptor are a better solution: Reduced load on ring rails and all connecting bearings. Favourable price On subsequent deliveries the cost for the holder is eliminated. Example: inner 40 mm, seat- 57.5 mm, outer 59.5 mm

Steel ring (normal ) 93 g

Steel ring with aluminium adaptor 38 g

55

Start-up proceeding for new rings (Ring running-in)

Ring fixing The rings have to be fixed secure, horizontally and concentric with the spindle. It is not necessary to clean Brcker rings, as the special conservation material helps the start-up of the rings. Should the rings nevertheless be cleaned, use only a dry cloth (do not use any solvents). Running-in procedure (conventional rings) Conventional rings must go through a running-in program before starting. By doing this, the ring raceway is being smoothed and passivated (oxidation) through the applied travellers. At the same time the necessary lubrication film coming from wax, softening agents and fibre fragments is being built up. Depending on the spinning fibres, yarn counts and final speed, the spindle speed must be reduced for the first 10 to 20 traveller changes. It is essential that the ring running-in is carried out carefully, as this will improve the general running conditions and in addition it will extend the ring life. Start-up proceeding (for Titan rings) The Titan coating can not be affected by the traveller. However, in the first phase, the traveller has to build-up a lubrication film and this depends from the processed fibre material and yarn count. For regular fibres, the start-up proceeding is carried out without reduction of the RPM, only the first traveller change intervals are shortened. For compact yarns and very fine yarns (from Ne 80) some longer start-up program must be applied. Selecting travellers The same travellers as for the regular processing can be used. Often, for the first 1-3 changes, travellers with a reduced weight are used. Running-in program, start-up proceeding Instructions corresponding to each Brcker ring type are always provided. Upon request, a special adapted program can be provided too. Please contact your local agent. For establishing a running-in program we need the following specifications: Ring diameter Ring type, flange Fibre type, yarn count, twist Final speed (RPM) Presently used traveller (type and weight) Present traveller life

56

Ring life time

The ring life time is dependent on various parameters. The following table explains the correlation. Attention: An accumulation of causes is possible. Titan rings are less sensible and have generally a very high life time. A ring replacement is advisable, when the desired yarn quality can not be achieved any more.
Ring stress

Parameter Cotton Fibre Man made Dry Dull

+
High wax proportion Bright Lubricating Fine

Remarks High wax proportion increases the traveller lubrication Dull fibres include abrasive particles (e.g. Titan oxide) Influence on traveller lubrication Higher load on heavier traveller Warp yarns are spun with heavy travellers, therefore higher load and lower traveller lubrication (lower hairiness). Better traveller lubrication with low-bowed travellers Heavy worn-out travellers damage the traveller raceway of the rings Higher load at high speeds Ring running-in must be carried out according to the fibre and ring type. Titan rings need merely a start-up proceeding. The centrifugal force of the traveller is higher on small ring diameters and therefore leads to a higher ring load. An irregular climate has a negative influence on the general running behaviour and therefore leads to a higher ring load. Badly centred rings, anti-ballooning rings and thread guides produce irregular ring load. Inconsistent loads lead to premature wear and tear.

Softening agents Aggressive Yarn count Yarn Twist Warp Coarse

Knit

Shape Traveller Life time Traveller speed Performance

High-bowed Too long High

Low-bowed Right Normal As per instruction

Ring running-in Too short

Spinning geometry Climatic conditions

Ring diameter

Smaller

Larger

Irregular

Constant

Centring Machines Vibration

Poor Strong

Good None, low

57

Brcker ring tolerances

Brcker rings are manufactured according to DIN ISO Norm 96-1 Brcker ring tolerances and the necessary measuring methods are shown below:

Q specification definition Symbol T flange width

DIN ISO 96-1

Tolerance Recommended measuring method Brcker

DIN ISO 96-1

AQL*

+ 0,15 - 0

Measuring slider

2,5

Measuring slider Seat diameter

Brcker drawing

Brcker drawing D

D + d = Seat diameter 2

2,5

Measuring slider
Brcker drawing d D Diameter 38 42 48 54 D - d = max.0.35% 2 Roundness deviation 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.19

Roundness
DIN ISO 96-1

0,35% of the diameter value

1,0

Example in mm

Evenness
DIN ISO 1101

Brcker drawing

Plate measuring slider / thickness gauge

h

0,1
Brcker Norm Flange

H H - h = max. 0,1

1,0

0,03 Concentricity
DIN ISO 1101 flange/seat

- Measuring slider (flange width) - Special measuring device (flange / seat)

b B

0,10
Flange/seat Aluminium holder

0,65
B - b = k = max. 0,03 2

0,15

*Acceptable Quality Level

58

Designation of the ring parts, example for placing an order

A B C D D1 D2 E F G H I K L M

Inner diameter Fitting diameter Shoulder diameter (largest outer diameter) Ring height Height above ring rail Height below ring rail Flange (see page 51) Flange width Flange crown Outer flange radius Raceway of ring Web Shoulder Slot for circlip

H G D1

F I E K L

B D2 M

Example for placing an order; request for a quotation The following specifications are required: see page 50 51 51 Example Titan Flange 1, 3.2 mm Normal, N98 42 mm 49 mm 51 mm 18 mm Circlip Zinser 319

Ring type Brcker Flange width Flange profile Inner diameter Fitting diameter Shoulder diameter (largest ) Ring height Ring fixation Machine type

53

Please send a ring sample for any new enquiry or order. For repeat orders previous corresponding invoice number or ring drawing is sufficient.

59

J - HZ Travellers and rings

Ear-shaped steel travellers (J and HZ)

Designation of ring traveller parts
1 Nose 2 Head 3 Yarn passage 4 Back 5 Heel 6 Foot

2 11

1
7 Toe

4
8 Inner height 9 Head width 10 Foot width 11 Nose angle 12 Toe angle

7 5 12 10 6

62

Traveller weights comparison chart J and HZ travellers

Traveller weight in mg resp. per 1'000 travellers in g
ISO Norm 96-1: Traveller weight according to series R20 = 100 + 12,5% + 12,5% Exception (in brackets): Series R40 = 100 + 6.25% + 6.25 % + 6.25%. The ISO numbering scale secures an even proportional graduation. Brcker travellers are manufactured according to ISO 96-2
Not valid for HZ 16,7 Brcker Traveller No 19 191/2 20 201/2 21 211/2 22 221/2 23 231/2 24 241/2 25 251/2 26 261/2 27 271/2 28 281/2 29 291/2 30 31 32 34 36 38
europ. ISO amerik.
3/8

R+F HZ + J 255 220 185 165 80 63 56 45 150 140 130 120 110 100 92 83 75 67 60 53 25 20 16 48 44 39 36 33 31 29 26 24 21 18 15 32 28 24 21 17 14 12 16,2 13 11,3 9,7 7,7 39 19 49 25 94 75 62 42 36 30 117 53 123 65 141 84
HZ-EN europ. HZ-AN
am. 3/8

KANAI
SB 6 HZ 9,5 SB 17 J 11,1

CARTER
3/8 7/16

HZ 9,5

HZ 9,5

9,5 mm

11,1 mm

250 224 180 (170) 160 140 125 (118) 112 100 90 80 71 (67) 63 56 50 45 40 35,5 31,5 (30) 28 25 22,4 20 18 14

140 100

255 170

136 104

185 130 110 87,5 71,3 58,3 45,4 38,9 32,4 25,9 22,7 19,4 17,5 14,9

210 180 165 150 143 135 128 120 113 105 98 90 83 75 72 68 65 61 58 54 51 47 40 36 28 20

152 108 89 73 59 45 35,5 28 25,5 22 18,5 16 13,5

180 130 105 82 68 55 42,5 34 30 26 22,5 19 16

35,5 31,5

12,5 10,8 9

63

Travellers for conical rings

Steel

*see page 65 Ring height H mm 9,1 Inch

23/64

Type

Traveller back*

Recommended raceway of ring*

Range of application especially for fine worsted yarns

J 9,1 CST

straight

convex

J 11,1

straight

convex

fine and medium worsted yarns

J 11,1 B

convex

straight

coarse worsted yarns

11,1

7/16

J 11,1 CST-B

convex

straight

fine to medium worsted yarns

J 11,1 KST

straight

convex coarse worsted yarns

J 11,1 KST-B

convex

straight

J 17,4

convex

straight

17,4

11/16

J 17,4 CST

convex

straight

coarse worsted and semi-worsted yarns

J 17,4 CST-A

straight

convex

64

Ring and traveller combinations with J travellers

Influence of the traveller shape and its contact on the ring Conical rings have straight or convex raceways. In order to obtain the optimum contact ring / traveller during running, the right traveller combination must be selected (see following pictures): Raceway straight Raceway convex Traveller back convex Traveller back straight

Combination: straight / straight : unfavourable contact area

Traveller in resting position

Traveller in running position

Combination: convex / straight: large contact areas Contact: 65 no contact

Traveller weights for spinning worsted and semi-worsted yarns on conical rings
The recommended traveller weights are guiding values and based on average ring diameters and spindle speeds. The optimum traveller weight is best determined through practical trials and is dependent on ring diameter, yarn material, spindle speeds, etc.
Yarn count Tex 500 330 250 165 125 100 84 71 63 56 50 42 36 31 28 25 22,5 20 18 16,5 14,5 12 10 8,5 7,2 Nm 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 50 56 60 70 85 100 120 140 New 3,9 5,8 7,8 11,6 15,5 19,4 23,3 27 31 34,9 38,8 46,5 54,3 62 69,8 77,5 85,3 96,9 108,0 116,3 136 165 194 232 270 J traveller steel Brcker No 10 - 11 12 - 13 13 - 14 14 - 15 15 - 16 16 - 17 17 - 18 18 - 19 19 - 20 19 - 21 20 - 21 21 - 22 22 - 23 23 - 24 23 - 25 24 - 26 24 - 27 25 - 28 26 - 29 27 - 30 28 - 31 29 - 32 30 - 34 31 - 34 32 - 36 ISO No Nyltex 1) ISO No Recommended ring height 9.1 11.1 17.4

1600 - 1800 710 - 900 100 - 1250 900 - 1000 710 - 900 560 - 710 450 - 560 355 - 450 250 - 355 180 - 250 160 - 250 160 - 180 125 - 160 112 - 125 90 - 112 71 - 112 63 - 90 50 - 90 71 - 40 31,5 - 63 28 - 50 25 - 40 22,4 - 31,5 20 - 28 20 - 25 18 - 22,4 560 - 630 450 - 500 280 - 315 250 - 280 224 - 250 160 - 180 125 - 140 112 - 125 100 - 112 90 - 100 80 - 90 71 - 80 63 - 71 50 - 63 40 - 56 31,5 - 40

Steel / Nyltex: better select the numbers in bold prints. 1) for detailed information see our special Nyltex brochure. recommended Ring height possible 66

Travellers for vertical rings

Steel

Ring height H mm Inch Ring Type CST CST

Express

Traveller shape CST BS CST BS RP CST RST Range of application

Express Express

9,5

3/8

HZ 9,5

For spinning and twisting of fine worsted yarns, filaments and sewing threads. For spinning and twisting of worsted yarns, sewing threads and man-made fibres. Profile: round for wool and synthetics, half flat for coarse counts.

10,3

13/32

HZ 10,3

11,1

7/16

HZ 11,1

For twisting of filaments

16,7

21/32

HZ 16,7

For spinning of woollen yarns and twisting of all kinds of yarns.

For ring heights 25,4 and 38,1 use Nylon travellers (see pages 80, 81) Chrome plated (CPH) travellers see page 70

67

Traveller weights for twisting with steel travellers on vertical rings (HZ 9.5/HZ 10,3/HZ 11,1/HZ 16,7)
Correlation of twisted yarn count to traveller number (guiding values)
Single yarn Traveller numbers (for the corresponding twist) American No (only HZ 9,5) Tex Nm NeW 4 - ply BrckerNo 500 400 330 250 165 125 100 84 71 63 56 50 42 36 30 25 20 18,5 16,5 14,5 12 10 2 2,5 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 28 34 40 50 54 60 70 85 100 3,9 4,8 5,8 7,8 11,6 15,5 19,4 23,3 27 31 34,9 38,8 46,5 54,3 65,9 77,5 96,9 104,6 116,8 135,6 164,7 193,8 18 19 20 200 140 100 21 22 17 250 19 16 355 18 13 14 710 560 12 13 14 15 16 17 ISONo BrckerNo 2 - ply ISONo 5000 4000 3550 3150 2500 1800 1250 1000 900 710 560 450 355 250 224 200 160 140 112 90 80 63 21 21 1/2 23 24 24 1/2 26 BrckerNo 2 4 5 6 8 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 19 1/2 European No 4 - ply ISONo 9000 7100 5600 5000 4000 3150 2500 1800 1600 1250 1000 900 710 560 450 400 355 280 250 180 160 125 BrckerNo 4/0 2/0 1 2 4 6 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 17 1/2 18 18 1/2 19 20 21 22 5600 4500 3550 3150 2800 2500 2240 1800 1600 1250 1000 900 710 560 450 355 250 180 1 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 6 - ply ISONo BrckerNo

Traveller weights for spinning, see page 69

68

Traveller weights for spinning on vertical rings

Correlation of yarn count to traveller number (guiding values)
Steel tex Nm New ISO - No 165 125 100 84 71 63 56 50 42 36 31 28 25 22 20 18 16 14 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 50 56 60 70 11,6 15,5 19,4 23,3 27 31 35 39 47 54 62 1000/900 900/560 710/450 560/355 450/250 355/180 250/160 180/125 125/112 112/90 112/71 90/63 63/50 63/40 50/31,5 40/31,5 31,5/28 28/25 Brcker No European No 13/14 14/16 15/17 16/18 17/19 18/20 19/21 20/22 22/23 23/24 23/25 24/26 26/27 26/28 27/29 28/29 29/30 30/31 13/14 13/15 14/16 15/17 16/18 17/19 18/19 19/20 20/21 20/21 21/22 22/24 22/25 23/26 24/26 26/27 27/28 US 3/8 HZ 9,5 Nylon ISO - No 450 - 355 315 - 250 224 - 180 180 - 140 160 - 125 140 - 112 125 - 100 100 - 90 90 - 80 80 - 71 71 - 63

For coarser yarns use exclusively Nyltex / Steeltex travellers (see our special Nyltex brochure) The recommended traveller weights are guiding values and based on average ring diameters and spindle speeds. The optimum traveller weight is best determined through practical trials and is dependent on cop diameter, yarn material, spindle speeds, etc. The traveller weight is correct when the wear on the traveller back, traveller head and traveller foot is well distributed.

69

CPH Chromit travellers

CPH = Chrome Plated Head During draw-twisting the stress on the yarn contact area is extremely high. In case of damages (notching), fibril breaks may occur. Such damages can be prevented by using travellers with chrome-plated, wear resistant yarn contact area.

Yarn passage with special chrome-plating

Traveller back and traveller foot with special finishing Express toe for gentle inserting on sintered rings

For the application of Nylon travellers for coarse filaments we recommend Steeltex travellers (see pages 80, 81).

70

Traveller weights for draw twisting with CPH Chromit travellers

Correlation of twisted yarn count to traveller number (guiding values)
Yarn count (twist) dtex 17 22 33 44 56 67 78 90 100 110 122 133 150 167 200 220 den 15 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 135 150 180 200 ISO No 20 - 22,4 22,4 - 31,5 25 - 31,5 31,5 - 40 31,5 - 50 40 - 63 40 - 63 50 - 71 50 - 71 63 - 90 63 - 90 71 - 112 90 - 125 112 - 160 125 - 180 125 - 250 Traveller weights European No 34 - 32 32 - 29 31 - 29 29 - 28 29 - 27 28 - 26 28 - 26 27 - 25 27 - 25 26 - 24 26 - 24 25 - 23 24 - 22 23 - 21 22 - 20 22 - 19 American No (HZ 9,5) 28 - 27 28 - 26 27 - 26 27 - 25 27 - 26 25 - 23 25 - 23 24 - 22 24 - 22 22 - 21 22 - 21 22 - 21 21 - 20 20 - 19 19 - 18 19 - 18

Delivery program CPH travellers CST r CST BS r CST Express r RP CST Express r

HZ 9,5 3/8"

HZ 10,3 13/32"

HZ 11,1 7/16"

71

CPH Chromit travellers, manufacturing tolerances

Comparison table ISO No / European No / American No
Brcker No ISO - No European No 250 200 180 160 140 125 112 100 90 80 71 63 56 50 45 40 35,5 31,5 28 25 22,4 20 18 16 12,5 20 21 211/2 22 23 231/2 24 241/2 25 26 261/2 27 271/2 28 281/2 29 30 31 32 34 36 29 30 28 27 25 26 24 22 23 21 20 19 19 18 American No (HZ 9,5) Traveller weights in grams/1000 travellers Tolerance: ISO weight + 6% * 250 - 265,00 200 - 212,00 180 - 190,80 160 - 169,60 140 - 148,40 125 - 132,50 112 - 118,72 100 - 106,00 90 - 95,40 80 - 84,80 71 - 75,26 63 - 66,78 56 - 59,36 50 - 53,00 45 - 47,70 40 - 42,40 35,5 - 37,63 31,5 - 33,39 28 - 29,68 25 - 26,50 22,4 - 23,74 20 - 21,20 18 - 19,08 16 - 16,96 12,5 - 13,25

* The traveller weight increases when head part is chrome-plated.

72

Designation of the ring parts

Conical ring
C A

A B C
Q N

D1 D L D2

O P

Vertical ring (HZ-BS)

N C A

Inner diameter Fitting diameter Shoulder diameter (largest diameter) D Ring height D1 Height above ring rail D2 Height below ring rail L Shoulder N Upper raceway O Inner raceway P Lower raceway Q Yarn recess R Back slope feature for better nylon travellers grip.

D1 D L D2

O P

Example for placing an order, request for a quotation The following specifications are required: see page Type of ring Material Ring height Inner diameter Fitting diameter Shoulder diameter (largest ) Ring fixation Lubrication system 74 Example Conical Steel 9,1 mm 45 mm 52 mm 54 mm Force fit 4+4 lubrication points

75

Depending on the execution, further details are requested. Especially milling/drilling points for the lubrication must be exactly specified. Please send a sample ring with every first order. 73

Recommended ring heights for vertical HZ rings

Ring height Yarn count Tex Nm Ne 4,8 mm 6,35 mm 7,5 mm 9,5 mm 10,3 mm 11,1 mm 16,7 mm 25,4 mm 38,1 mm 3/16 1/4 19/64 3/8 13/32 7/16 21/32 1 11/2

1250

08

1.6

1000 840

1 1.2

2 2.3

590 330 250 165 125

1.7 3 4 5 8

3.3 5.8 7.8 12 16

100 84

10 12

19 23

63 50 42 31

16 20 24 32

31 39 47 62

28

36

66

25

40

78

recommended possible Nyltex and Steeltex only (see special Nyltex brochure)

74

Use Nyltex/Steeltex travellers

10000 5000 3300 2500 1650

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.2

Lubricating systems for conical rings

Rings J 9.1 J 11.1 Standard 4+4 lubrication points 4 lubrication points on the upper and on the inner raceway, fed through one wick For worsted yarns and blends in the medium yarn count range Reference: 30

Rings J 9.1 J 11.1 3+3 lubrication points 3 lubrication points on the upper and on the inner raceway, fed through one wick For fine and delicate yarn Small ring diameter Reduced lubrication effect Reduced risk of soiling Reference: 30-1-3

Rings J 17.4 4+4 lubrication points 4 lubrication points on the upper and on the inner raceway, fed through two wicks For coarser yarns and twisted yarns Reference: 32

Attention: Do not remove or cut off protruding wicks. The protruding ends will be cut neatly by the travellers during the running-in phase.

75

Running-in of self-lubricating Brcker rings (Steel rings and sintered metal rings)
General A ring running-in must only be carried out when steel travellers are used. It does not apply when Nytex/Steeltex travellers are used. However it has to be done subsequently, should steel traveller be used later on. Preparation After installation in the ring rails, the rings must be cleaned with an oily cloth from the rust protection oil (use no solvents). Do not cut off or remove the slightly protruding wicks (steel rings). These will be cut off from the travellers during the first rotations. Select the oil type according to the application (see page 77) Fill up the lubrication channels with oil and wait 12 to 24 hours before starting. Yarn type, traveller weight Use insensitive, dark coloured yarns since oil splashes are unavoidable during the running-in phase. Use the normal traveller weight Starting procedure Before the first run-in, oil all the rings by hand to guarantee a full lubrication film. Running-in The following running-in program is set out for normal conditions. In case of stronger traveller wear and tear, the changing intervals have to be adjusted accordingly.
Nm 20 and coarser Spindle speed Traveller change after 1 hour 80 % 1 doff 3 doffs 8 doffs 1 doff 90 % 3 doffs 8 doffs 16 doffs 1 doff 100 % 3 doffs 8 doffs 16 doffs Nm 20 and finer Traveller change after 1 hour 1 doff 2 doffs 6 doffs 1 doff 2 doffs 6 doffs 12 doffs 1 doff 2 doffs 6 doffs 12 doffs yes yes Ring cleaning yes

Maintenance The wicks do become resinous and contaminated with an increasing running time. Therefore, from time to time rings, ring rails or holders must be cleaned with petrol and rings have to be re-oiled. If necessary, replace the wicks. 76

Lubricants for self-lubricating rings

The lubricants are classified according to ISO viscosity grades (VG): Low viscosity highly fluid e. g. ISO VG 15 High viscosity semifluid e. g. ISO VG 68 The lubricants have to be adapted to the application. Check details with the suppliers. Application recommendation (guiding values) Rings made of steel (full steel)
Traveller type Steel Nyltex/Steeltex Viscosity ISO VG 32 32 / 46

Sintered metal rings

Ring height Traveller type Steel Nyltex/Steeltex 15 / 32 23 / 46 4,8 - 11,1 16,7 - 38,1 Viscosity ISO VG 15 / 32 48 / 68

Suppliers of lubricants (incomplete selection)

Lubricants Supplier BP Fuchs Klber Mobil Texaco Zeller + Gmelin Lubricants Supplier 32 BP Esso Fuchs Klber Mobil Shell Texaco Zeller + Gmelin
Energol HLP - HM 32 Teresso 32 Nuto 32, Nuto H 32 Renolin B 10 VG 32 Lamora HLP 32 Mobil DTE 24 Tellus Oil 32 Vexilla Oil 32 Rando HD 32 Alcor DD 32 Textol RLA ISO 32

15
Pantolube Polar 15 S Syntheso XOL 12

Synthetic oils Viscosity ISO VG 22 46

Enerssyn RC-S 46 Pantolube Polar 22 S Mobil SHC 626

68
Enerssyn RC-S 68 Plantohyd 68 S Mobil SHC 26 Hydra 68 Textol RLS ISO 68

Rando Oil HDZ 15 Textol RLS ISO 15 Textol RLS ISO 22

Hydra 46 Textol RLS ISO 46

Mineral oils Viscosity ISO VG 46

Energol HLP - HM 46 Teresso 46 Nuto 32, Nuto H 46 Renolin B 15 VG 46 Lamora HLP 46 Mobil DTE 25 Tellus Oil 46 Vexilla Oil 46 Rando HD 46 Alcor DD 46 Textol RLA ISO 46

68
Energol HLP - HM 68 Teresso 68 Nuto 32, Nuto H 68 Renolin B 20 VG 68 Lamora HLP 68 Mobil DTE 26 Tellus Oil 68 Vexilla Oil 68 Rando HD 68 Alcor DD 68 Textol RLA ISO 68

77

Inserting tools for magazined travellers

Brcker Fix Boy For ear-shaped travellers J and HZ, AP magazined

Conical rings Type 2091-J 2111-J Vertical rings Type 2095 2103 2111 For traveller shape HZ 9.5 HZ 10.3 HZ 11.1 For traveller shape J 9.1 J 11.1

Availability for magazined travellers according to delivery program

78

Nyltex / Steeltex

Nyltex and Steeltex travellers

For detailed information ask for our special brochure
For the processing of coarse (heavy) yarns and twists, the use of Nylon travellers instead of steel ones is recommended. Advantages of Nylon travellers: The higher coefficient of friction of Nylon Application of sintered rings over allows the application of a traveller with the entire yarn count range about half the weight of a steel traveller, Easy and unproblematic inserting of for a same yarn count. the travellers, also heavy numbers Reduced ring stress Higher speeds Materials Nyltex Lubridur E Standard material Excellent gliding properties Nyltex ER Glass fibre reinforced Increased life and rigidity of the traveller Steeltex Metallic insert at the yarn For abrasive fibres, filaments passage area Delivery program Nyltex /Steeltex travellers For vertical rings twisting, draw-twisting HZ 4,8 CLB HZ 6,35 CLB/W CE HZ 7,5 CLB

CLB

HZ 9,5 CE

CLE

CLB

CLB/W

CS

HZ 10,3 CS

HZ 11,1 DE CS

HZ 16,7 (European) CE CLE CS

HZ 16,7 (American) GCE

HZ 17,1 GCLE

80

HZ 25,4 CE

VA

CS

US

HZ 38,1 CE

CLE

CS

For conical rings worsted yarns and semi-worsted yarns J 17,4 J 11,1 J 9,1 R E LE S E

LE

S "F" series wet spinning of flax yarns on flange rings 81 FA 2 FU FZ Fi2 F4

Tools

Inserting tools for magazined travellers

Brcker Rapid for C-shaped, Orbit and SU travellers
Characteristics Slender and easy to use tool, specially suited to small gauges or when ring data is installed. Possible threading the yarn in the traveller when inserting Simple setting with traveller as a gauge Ergonomically simple, untiring inserting Range of applications see page 85

Rapid AP (magazined systems see page 87)

Rapid Strap (magazined systems see page 87)

84

Rapid inserting tools for magazined travellers

Range of applications
One tool for each type of traveller. Exchange of storing bar not possible.
Wire section Traveller shape Traveller No range 1) Brcker L1 M 1, EM 1 C 1 UL C 1 SL C 1 UM C 1 LM C-shaped f, dr, udr C 1 MM EL 1, C 1 EL all all all all all alle all 12/0 - 2 1 - 12 18/0 - 3 6/0 - 6 7 - 14 all all all 4/0 - 6 7 - 12 6 - 26 6/0 - 6 7 - 20 all all all all all ISO all all all all all alle all 18 - 71 63 - 200 all 31.5 - 100 112 - 250 all all all 40 - 100 112 - 200 100 - 425 31.5 - 100 112 - 355 all all all all all Tool No Rapid 400 679.xxx 401/402* 408 419/420* 433/434* 424/425* 424/425* 405 427 428 441/442* 448 447 602/603* 617 611 620 623 646 637 636 409 736 923/730 851 862/863* AP Strap 1) for heavy travellers (above No 10, ISO 160) use Brcker Boy. Availability of magazined travellers according to delivery program. Storing bar Profile 679.252.xx .01 .03 .01 .01 .07 .07 .01 .03 .05 .23 .27 .51 .53 .55 .51 .53 .53 .73 .75 .04 .55 .53 679.254 679.255

C1

M 2, EM 2 H 2, EH 2 C 2 UM C 2 MM C 2 HW C2

EM 1 C-shaped fr C 1 SM C 1 SH, H 2 all all SU-B, -BM, -BF SFB 2.8 PM, RL

* Fine version: for travellers 8/0, ISO 25 and lighter

85

Brcker Boy
The conventional tools are preferred (only AP magazined) for special applications and when the use of Rapid becomes impossible.
Type C8 C9 C 71 C 72 Flange 1 (3.2mm) 2 (4.0mm) 1 (3.2mm) 2 (4.0mm) Inserting of travellers from outside to inside from inside to outside (for ring 48mm)

86

Magazining systems

Brcker AP (Automatic Packing) Magazining system for C and ear-shaped travellers Flexible system for easy handling Traveller designation (type and No) on AP rod (to avoid mix-ups).

Brcker Strap The traveller is taken up on a profile strap, up to 10'000 per spool Strap system for: Orbit travellers SU travellers C-shaped travellers with fr-Profile

Availability for magazined travellers according to delivery program.

87

Brcker Rapid
Profit when using Brcker Rapid for traveller change The Brcker Rapid provides following advantages: Fast and easy inserting of travellers Reduced labour costs Shorter idle times of machines, therefore higher production Threading during traveller change possible No traveller losses Minimal traveller deformation Easy tool adjustment Suitable for small spindle gauges

Increase of production / year by using the Rapid

12000

8000 kg 4000

0 10 20 Number of spinning frames 30

Calculation base: Ne 30, 20,5 TPI, 17'000 RPM Spinning machine with 1'080 spindles, 25 traveller changes per year Time for inserting travellers: with Rapid 1 sec. / by hand 3 sec

88

Traveller inserting and removing tools

Clix For inserting (loose) and removing the following travellers: C-shaped Orbit SU J and HZ (light)

Outy For removing C-shaped and Orbit travellers Removed travellers are collected in the handle
Type 101 102 103 Traveller type Flange 1 (3.2 mm) High-performance travellers Flange 2 (4.0 mm) High-performance travellers Orbit travellers

RL pincers For inserting and removing heavy J and HZ travellers made of steel and Nylon For steel travellers: HZ 9,5 / 10,3 / 11,1 / 16,7 J 11, 1 / 17,4 For Nyltex travellers HZ 16,7 / 25,4 89

Cleaning tools
Fluff removers for cleaning of textile machines

Rolsprint Technically advanced tool with gears of hardened steel and special easy running ball bearings. Exchangeable tip. Standard spindle lengths: 200/315/400/500

Flypik Handy, light tool. Suitable for people with small hands. Exchangeable tip. Spindle length 200, 250 mm

Roltex Simple, reliable tool. Ball bearing with free running. Spindle made of anti-magnetic steel. Exchangeable tip. Standard spindle length: 200/315/400 mm Special spindle length: 500/630/800 mm

90

92

Yarn carriers

93

Yarn carriers
Brcker manufactures Thermoplastic Yarn carriers for ring spinning machines and roving frames. The products are designed for the high performance segment. Therefore, only first grade compounds are processed. ABS (Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol) For the general range of application of spinning tubes and for roving bobbins. PC 40 (Polycarbonate) For high performing spinning tubes. Available colours 30 different colours enable a clear product differentiation.

Summary of spinning tube materials

Material ABS Acrylnitril Butadien-Styrol PC 40 Polycarbonate Max. speed RPM < 18'000 < 25'000 Mechanical stability Good Very good Impact strength Sufficient High Run-out tolerances < 0.25mm < 0.25/0.2mm Steamable No 130C

Delivery program Spinning tubes According to ISO-DIN 368 with taper 1:38 and 1:64 for state-of-the-art high performance machines such as Marzoli, Rieter, Toyoda, Zinser Further dimensions upon request Roving bobbins Wide supply for the most popular machines existing on the market. Ask for our special documentation or for a quotation. 94

Spinning tubes for Rieter and Zinser RSP frames

Rieter Spinning tubes Rieter requests for their high speed ring spinning machines with the stationary ROBOdoff System a withdrawing force on the tubes lower than 15N. For spindle speeds over 18'000 RPM only polycarbonate guarantees a precise concentric running On the other hand, the gliding properties of polycarbonate does not allow a perfect doffing. The solution: Rieter doffer tubes with integrated sliding bush made of PBTB, a thermoplast with low coefficient of friction. The perfect combination: A guarantee of longterm stability combined with reduced application pressure.

Zinser Spinning tubes Spinning tubes for Zinser ring spinning machines type 319/320 with doffer with inside gripper must be equipped for a faultless doffing with catching grooves. In case of non-utilisation of the knee-brake (stopping of the spindle by hand) the tubes can be damaged through the spindle clutch. The solution: Tubes with integrated wear-resistant Delrin bush.

95

Index

Page Anti-ballooning ring AP (Automatic Packing) Blended and synthetic yarns Brcker Boy Cleaning tools Clix Compact Spinning Conical rings Contact areas Cop hairiness Core yarns CPH Chromit travellers CPH manufacturing tolerances Cutex Cutting tools Designation of ring parts, flange 59 Designation of ring parts, J / HZ 73 Designation of ring parts T-flange 59 Draw twisting Ear-shaped travellers Finishing treatments Fixing methods rings Flypik Formulas Hairiness HZ travellers Inserting + removing tools Inserting tools flange Inserting tools J / HZ J travellers 71 62 23 53, 54 90 6, 9 10 - 13 67 89 84 78 64 4 87 30 86 90 89 29 65 28 11 32 70 72 91 91 Lubricating systems Magazining systems Motions of the ring traveller Neps Nyltex travellers Oblique flange rings Orbit Outy Press System Rapid Inserting tools Ratio ring / tube Ring heights conical rings Ring heights vertical rings Ring life time Ring profiles Ring running-in flange rings

Page 75 87 27 17 79 - 81 42 - 48 42 89 54 84, 88 4 66 74 57 51 56

Page Setting of the traveller cleaner Orbit 45 Setting of the traveller cleaner SU 48 Spinning geometry Spinning rings Spinning tubes Steeltex travellers Strap SU Traveller finishing treatment Traveller friction Traveller position Traveller shape Traveller speeds Traveller weights flange 5 50, 73 94 80, 81 87 46 23 24, 25 26, 27 34-36, 38, 39 9 8, 37

Traveller wear and tear Orbit/SU 44 Traveller weights for draw twisting 71 Traveller weights J / HZ Traveller weights Orbit/SU Travellers for conical rings Travellers for Orbit rings Travellers for SU rings Tubes Wire sections Yarn breaks Yarn carriers Yarn clearance Yarn hairiness Yarn numbering systems Yarn quality 63 37 64 43 47 94 22 14, 16 93 - 95 21, 26 11 6, 7 13

Ring running-in self-lubricating rings 76 Ring shapes Ring surface condition Ring tolerances 52 13 58

Travellers for flange rings 34 - 36

Ring travellers flange 34 - 36, 38, 39 Ring travellers for Orbit rings Ring travellers for SU rings Rings, short staple Rolsprint Roltex Roving bobbins Secutex 43 47 50 90 90 94 91

Travellers for vertical rings (HZ) 67

Lubricants for self-lubricating rings 77

Setting of the traveller cleaner flange 40, 41

96

AG Pfffikon-Zrich - Switzerland

SA Wintzenheim-France