Internet

What is Internet? The network formed by the co-operative interconnection of a large number of computer networks i.e., network of networks. No one owns the internet. Every person who makes a internet connection owns a slice of a internet. There is no central administration to the internet. In 1960s different organizations used to possess their own networks .Each network used consist of similar type of coumputers like dell,IBM ,hp etc.As time passed by they felt the need of communication between the networks .And it had been possible through some backbone network.Bu the problem is that the proprietary networks are not compatible with each other.They are looking for a common language by which they can communicate.Therefore the connected networks use the TCP/IP protocol, a common protocol which bunds all the networks together. So,what is it actually? a. A community of people ( Who use and develop the networks) b. A collection of resources ( That can be reached from those networks) c. A setup tp facilitate collaboration among the memebers of education research etc. Key Evolutions a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. 1950 ARPA ( Advanced Research Project Agency) 1970-ARPANET .A precursor to TCP 1971-Universities added to net.Telnet and FTP are available 1972-First electronic mail was sent 1973-ARPANET connected to England and Norway 1974-TCP starts being used for communicating across a system of networks 1982-US starts to build defence data based on ARPANET technology 1983-ARPANET splits into ARPANET and MILNET.Intenet now in place and TCP/IP was standardized. 1986-National Science Foundation (NSF) implements NFSNET;a system of regional network of routers connected over a backbone network 1990 Archie serach engine and Gopher serach engine for searching the required topics released (FTP resources were availbale for download with the help of the ftp commands and no www concept) 1992-Networks links more than 33 countries 1993-World Wide Web is launched 1995-Interconnected network providers start offering service

k. l. m.

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Important Internet Applications a. b. c. d. e. Telnet FTP E-Mail Gopher World Wide Web

Internet standards and RFCs Internet Society a. Internet Architecture Board (IAB) b. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) c. Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG) Request for Comments (RFC) Publications a.The actual development of new standards is carried out by working groups supported by the IETF.Membership is voluntary The process is as follows The working group makes a draft version of the document.Places it in the Internet Draft online directory.Kept their for six months and review and comments on the draft obtained.The IESG may approve the publ;ication of the draft as an RFC during the period or else it is withdrawn from the directory.The working group may subsequently publish a revised version of the draft. Important RFCs a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. RFC821-Simple Mail Transfer Protocol RFC791-Internet Protocol RFC793-Transmission Control Protocol RFC2616-Hypertext Transfer Protocol 1.1 RFC2045-MIME RFC1321-MD5 Message Digest Algorithm RFC1866-Hypertext Markup Language 2.0 RFC2437-RSA Crypto Specification 2.0 RFC2631-Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement

Note : These RFCs are available in many websites.

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