Around the World and Back Again
The S. W. W. R.'s Itinerant Theatre
rHF daily door receipts at this theatre, maintained by the Stage Women's Wat* Relief, which
claims it to be the smallest in the world, average $20,000 a day. In return the audience rc^
ceives $20,000 worth of Liberty bonds.and departs highly satisfied with the exchange.
The tittle theatre is seen more in Times Square than anywhere else, but does not confine its
activities entirely to that section. Mounted on a fourteen-ton truck, it travels about town, from
the Battery to Central Park, carrying its performers.stars, all of them.along, and stopping
io preach its gospel at any promising corner.
Among the celebrities who have appeared, or are to appear on its stage, are AI Jolson, Con¬
stance Collier. Frank Craven, Emmy Wehlen, Donald Brian, Joseph Santley, Jack Hazzard, Ernest
Trues, Blanche Ring, Henrietta Crosman, Carroll McComas, Peggy O'Neill and Eddie Cantor.
5wiss
THE difficulties in which Switzer-
land finds herself for lack of
proper means of communication
with all but th« contingent bel-
ligerent countries bave caused the old
but never before seriously considered
project of a direct waterway connect-
ing Geneva with Marseilles tu be taken
op again. Although a further improve¬ to handicap these children because of prisoner
ment of the Rhine upstream to Basel
I ;-.'. been much discussed for many years
and ;t heavy boat traffic to and from the
northern Swiss metropolis has been car-
ried on during six out of twelve months,
no direct waterway such as the one now
under discussion lias been actively con¬ up strong and hardy, both in body and
sidered. character. It is necessary to guard not
The German press emphasizes the only against immediate breakdown, but
tact that, a further improvement of the also against the imposition of strains
Rhine between Strasbourg and Basel which may stunt future growth and de¬
can be finished within five years, and velopment." The importance of taking
that thenceforth boats of 2.000 tons
could reach Basel from Rotterdam dur¬
ing at least ten months of the year.
«¡crinan technical, commercial and finan¬
cial experts do their best to brand the
project of establishing a direct water
route from Marseilles via the Rhone to
Geneva as Utopian. The anxiety of the
"unselfish" Teuton can easily be under¬
stood because Germany's exports to
little Switzerland amounted in 1913 to
not less than 520,000,000 marks, or 7 per
cent of the Fatherland's total exports.
On the. other band, the, Swiss bad a
taste of German chicanery before the
present world war and of German arro¬
gance and extortion during the last four
years. Furthermore, experts ligure that
an improvement of the Rhone between
Lyons and Geneva would be only a little
more expensive and much more
able than the improvement of the. Rhine
to Basel. South of
from »Strasbourg
Lyons the Rhone is navigable for large
boats all the year round, and the river
is connected, its estuary, with Mar¬
near
seiiles, the greatest French seaport-
through a deep ship canal.
While it costs 13.00 francs to ship a
ton of grain by rail from Marseilles to
Geneva, the freight by boat on the im¬
proved Rhone would be only 9.36 francs
and could be reduced to 7.:!7 francs in
case the upper Rhone would bo canal¬
ized. That means the freight would be
cheaper from Marseilles to Switzerland
than from Rotterdam by nearly 10 per
cent.
connecting Switzerland by
I'laus for
n canal with Genoa or Venice, and even
with the Atlantic, have been discussed,
but dismissed as impracticable because
of the prohibitive cost of building and
the higher freight rates. Certain com¬
mercial Swiss circles, among them the
Zurich Chamber of Commerce, favor the
improvement of the Rhone and the
Rhine in order to create two waterways
connecting Switzerland with the sea.
I !ul that double project manifestly
sprang from the peculiar situation cre¬
ated by tho present war and takes into
account conditions which will cease to
exist with the defeat of the Hun.
3,000,000 Truants
INly ENGLAND there are approximate¬
'',000,000 children twelve to
seventeen years of age out of school.
Many have gone to work. housands
of school buildings have inevitably been
used for other purposes; half of the
teachers hav<| *.4Ui*u-U; «duuitiuiiul
¿f"«-* C¡_^*~*X
Canal Projects
-a -_r-*-_
a
propriations have been cut down. Ju¬
venile
40 per
delinquency has increased at least
cent, due to this and other
causes. Now England has discovered
her mistake, and is endeavoring to reor¬
ganize her free education, and is appro¬
priating several millions for the pur¬ speed across the field, pulling its helpless be investigated. The man died the. follow¬
pose. This because "we have no right
with it. At the same instant the food administration _ent two loaves of
cyclist, passing along nearby
a motor road, bread to the house with the explanation
the state's necessities of the moment."
The British Health of Munitions Work¬
ers' Committee says: "When war is de¬
stroying so much of its best manhood
the nation is under special obligation to
secure that the rising generation grow
such a stand is
greatly emphasized by
an investigation
of seventeen towns
made by the English Home Office. This
study revealed a 50 per cent increase
in larceny und a MO per cent increase
in assaults and gambling by children.
The condition seems to be almost uni¬ Year Book of 1918:
versal in England, France and Italy, and "The new constitution provides that Con¬ victory."
almost as gress and the legislatures of the states shall
bad in Canada..Th.c Christian
Herald.
Humping Into a Parachute
AX trainingmotorcyclist
army at
camps recently
of the
one
averted
the death of a young lieutenant by a
most extraordinary feat of heroism, says
the October "Popular Mechanics," which
continues:
profit¬
"Racing at high speed across rough
ground, he drove his machine into a run¬
away parachute that was dragging the offi-
General
By B. W. Babcock
Ai' the end of the first day of tue
present big Allied drive in France
General Perilling returned from
the front to his headquarters in a
Ifreneh chateau, He had as his guest that
night Walter Damrosch, director of the
New York Symphony Orchestra and one of
the foremost musicians and composers in
the world. Although not so many mile;
away big guns were pounding and masses
of troops wire in action, there was no talk
of war.
All of the conversation wt... of mus:c
and its importance to the soldier in war
lime.
This ] ic'ure of General Per.hing, the
father of our boys abroad, culm, confident,
self-reliant and able to drive from his mino
during the dinner hour all thought of war
and fasten it upon one of the arts, is given
by Mr. Damrosch, who has just returned
to the United States from France, where
at the request of General Pershing, he es¬
tablished a school for bundmastcrs and for
the lesser known instruments the oboes,
bassoons and French horns-.in our mili¬
tary bands.
The composer and conductor feels that
General Pershing is eminently the man for
leadership in our army abroad and that to
support him «nd his boys v,ith Liberty
bonds is only the plainest sort of duty.
For as Mr, Damrosch saw the general his
genius for the big detail of a large army
neglected no big or no little thing. General
«,p- Fcxsb&s felt tkat there -hould be oorc
cer to his death. The latter had made a
practice parachute jump of 2,000 feet from
an observation balloon. A high wind had
carried him a considerable distance, and in
lauding he became hopelessly entangled in
the cordage. The parachute was caught by
a strong air current and blown at terrific
ing day of exhaustion. Five days later the
saw the officer's plight. He swerved his
machine into the field, and raced at top
speed squarely into the middle of the bellied
parachute. The ropes fouled the machine
and the weight of the latter anchored the
derelict against further movement."
Labor Legislation in Mex¬
ico
ARTICLE 123 of the constitution
new
of Mexico, relative to labor and so¬
cial welfare, is "a beacon of light in the
history of labor legislation." declares
"The Mexican Review," which presents
the following synopsis of the article in
question, taken from the Latin-American
regulate labor matters, provided all legisla¬
tion adopted is along the following lines: A
maximum day's work of eight hours in the
day time and seven hours in night time. In
unhealthy and dangerous occupations, also in
night work and for children of twelve to
sixteen years, the working day must be six
hours. Labor oí children under twelve is
forbidden. A day oí rest for each six days
is established. Liberal provisions are
adopted in reference to the work of married
women for the protection of their children.
.Minimum wages shall be fixed according to
loca! conditions. Workmen will have the
right, to a part of the profits. Equal wages
fire established for both rexe:; and all na¬
tionalities. The minimum wage cannot be
Pershing Talked Only About Music
and better music in
were
our army. The boys
without any relaxation from the tre¬
mendous strain of fighting When they re¬
turned to their isolated camp.-, i.' their
band was rot active; and he ".¡shed them
to be filled with the inspiration of good
music.
The army had been hurried to France and
bain's voie not always receiving I lie op-
portunity for practice that belonged to
them. Often when a regimental band
reached the front musical instruments were
abandoned, arid hence, for thai particular
regiment, there was no martial music.
Mr. Damrosch was in Paris, where he con¬
ducted on the national French fête day
a symphony with an orchestra
concert
of eighty in tho famous Salle des Concerts
du Conservatoire. Learning of his pres¬
ence in Paris, General Pershing suit an of¬
ficer to the musician to ask that he go to
the headquarters of the commander in chief
near the front.
Mr. Damrosch presented himself at the
general's chateau near the close of the first
day of the great Allied drive in which the
American forces became potent factors in
the wur.
"When I arrived at the general'.- chateau
the commander in chirf was still at the
front,*' said Mr. Damrosch recently, in the
"workroom" in his Xew York home. "I was
minie comfortable until the general's re¬
turn. General Pershing greeted mo pleas¬
antly, with no word oi the war, and soon
afterward we satdown to dinner.
"It was the day of the beginning of the
turnia-*» of the adverse tide. Great event.
-*
subject to discount or rebate. All wages are
to be paid in legal money. Overtime shall
be paid at double price, and under no cir¬
cumstances more than three hours' overtime
is allowed. No overtime is permitted for
women, or children under sixteen. Em¬
ployers in ngriculturnl, mining or any other
enterprise are compelled to furnish healthy
and comfortublc lodging' for the workmen
and the rent charged for thorn cannot ex¬
ceed G per cent, a year of the assessed value
of the building. Employers are also obliged
to furnish school*', hospitals, markets, etc.,
when necessary, and are forbidden to open
barrooni3 and gambling places for their
workmen. They are liable for accidenta and
illness. The adoption, in --hops and fac-
torie!*, of sanitary condition.*- and devices
for the prevention of accidents io compul¬
sory. Both employe and employer have the
right to associate for the defence of their
interests. The law recognizes the right to
strike and lock out. Strikes are forbidden
when brought îiy acts of violence or in case
of war, when affeeting government services.
Military establishments, however, are under
military law. Lockout.:! are only recognized
whin necessary because of an excess in the
production. Hoards of conciliation and ar¬
bitration ave established for the settlement
of all lnbcr differences. Arbitration of-
labor difficulties is compulsory. Employers
refusing to arbitrate are liable to pay their
workmen three months' salary. Workmen
refusing to arbitrate will, by their refusal,
forfeit their rights as per their contracts.
Debts for wages arc préfèrent. Employes
shall not. be required to pay agents com-
mission for obtaining positions for them.
"No labor contract is valid if it provides
for a longer working day than allowed, or if
the v.-age is exceedingly low; if payments
are not made at least every week; if pay¬
ments are made in a pleasure resort so that
workmen are liable to spend their wages
immediately there. The workmen cannot be
compelled, either directly or indirectly, to
buy from certain merchants. Wages cannot
be held under the pretext of fines. No con¬
tract is valid if the workmen forfeit therein
their right to indemnity and compensation
for accidents or damages."
The Man Who Died and
the Man Who Prayed
HERE story from the German
is a
"Muenchener Post," which illus¬
trates the. elaborate German "red
system and throws light
food situation:
"One day an old man came
on
tape"
the German
to the munici¬
pal food administration and asked for a
bread ration ticket, as he war, starving.
After all the particulars had been taken,
he received the reply that the matter would
that one loaf was for the last eight days
and the other one for the coming week.
The chief of the food administration was
unpleasantly surprised on hearing the re¬
port that the man had been dead five days
of exhaustion after he had been supplied
with a loaf of bread for the last week."
"The German Democracy Bulletin,"
of New York, announces:
"His Majesty William has conferred the
order of the Black Eagle on his court chap¬
lain, Dr. Dryander. Dr. von Dryander, if
you please, from now on. This is believed
to be the ¡ir.»;t time that a clergyman has
received the highest order which hereto¬
fore belonged only to army leaders and
royalties. Tt is, however, the first time that
a divine had to pray so often and so fer¬
vently to the special God of the Kaiser to
make the German people believe in a final
Boy Workers in Colorado
DOTS are solving Colorado's food and
labor problems, according to a bul¬
letin issued by the Information and Edu¬
cation Service of the Department of La¬
bor. An example of what the youthful
patriots of the stale are accomplishing
is given in the success of the Boys' Pig
clubs, in Fremont County, where
sixty-live clubs have been organ¬
ised, and an addition of 10,000 or more
pounds to the meat supply is expected.
Farmers have realized the value of boy
labor and are sending in calls to the
were impending. It was a critical time in
the history of the world. Yet among the
ten or a dozen persons who dined with the
general :.ci from the general himself there
was no hint.save the hint that T wa.» the
only person present in civilian attire.that
"in c' the biggest battles in history had
be| ;-. not far away. We talked of music-
of its inspiration to
soothing effect upon
an army.of its
jaded norvos when
fighters relaxed temporarily from the strain
of battle.
"General Pershing wished to have his
boys have Lie best of music and an unfail¬
ing supply of it. We discussed mean.* of
accomplishing this. Then
at the table I de¬
vised -.i scheme for school for our band-
a
masters, but first I told the general that it
would be necessary for me to examine ail
our bandmasters and that I must hear them
leading a band.
"There was no result that night, but later
a smiling aid met me and told me
my plan
had been approved. I was to receive every¬
thing that I needed.even the services of
a band with which to test
returned to Paris and an
bandmasters. I
.«un followed me.
infantry band
I received the use of
ample quarters for the tests.
"The testa which followed were inter¬
esting. We went at it in a very systematic
manner. Hundreds of bandmasters came to
Taris for examinations in
That wa-- one phase. There leading
a band
were also writ¬
ten examinations which determined the abil¬
ity of the bandmasters to
orchestrate am
perform other functions of a bandmastei
in the field. From these bandmasters
pupil:
for the school were selected.
Little Russia and Her
IN AN article in "The National Geo¬
graphic Magazine" Ncvin 0. Winter
makes an interesting contribution
to the story of the Ukraine. He
writes in part:
"The name Ukraine 'border
means
marches.' For centuries it. bulwark
was the
that protected Poland and Lithuania from
the Tatars, Turks and other migrating Ori¬
entals, As a result it has had cruel task¬
masters.
"The native
population was largely Cos¬
sacks.a wild and unruly pnople nt that
time.
Theywere not originally a tribe, but
were men who went forth into the wilder¬
ness to lind freedom. The vast steppes,
covered with grass to Lie height of a
horse, within Which a multitude of game
lurked, lured them on.
"There were Poles and Lithuanians and
Russians and even Turks among them.
Th**y became marvellous shots, riders and
swimmers; their horses were famous for
their swiftness and endurance. Their dif¬
ferences gradually blended in a unity of
purpose and principle.
"Tho name Zaporogians was applied to
the community that was the heart and sou!
of the great Ukraine. Their government
was crude, but, very republican in form.
Each year the old officer.«; laid down their
duties in the presence of a general as¬
sembly, e'ven in that day called the Rada,
and new ones were then chosen.
"As any member of the tribe could he
elevated to the highest, office, it permitted
each one to aspire to this dignity. The
highest official was known as the 'hetmán.'
If unpopular, he was sometimes choked to
death--an effective, if cruel, displacement.
"They carried on an intermittent war-
faro with Tatars on the east, stealing their
cattle and occasionally sacking the unpro¬
tected towns. Again, their warring excur¬
sions would be directed against the Turks,
to the southeast, in the Balkans. When
tired of this they turned northward to the
Slavonic population.
"These early Ukrainians
were ever at -war
with somebody and for somebody. They
fought with Poland against Russia, with
Automobiling by
T^°R
JFr
*t. fast two months the Morristown und Eric,
Railroad
at Essex Fells and the Lackawanna at Morristown, has been
experiment in railroading new to this section of the country. A regulation 4S-horsenowcr
motor truck, built somewhat after the fashion of n railroad coach, with a capacity
eight passengers, makes severa! trips daily over the short route. The automobile is*of ¿¿ninnLi
Boys' Working Reserve for Colorado. A boy workers' camp, established at
Twelve Denver boys daily, on the aver¬ Fort Lunton, opened with thirty boys
age, are going to farms at the present
time.
¡ "These tests concluded. I returned to the
territory about General Pershing's head
quarter:-. It was necessary to lind a site
lor the school, This wc discovered in >
large mill owned by a French farmer who
was well to do before the war. He gladly
gave his consent for our use of the iniii,
at a rental so slight it isn't worth mention¬
ing. In one part, of the building we noticed
that a number of people were living.
"We asked if they could not be removed.
"'No, they must remain,' In* replied.
'They are refugees from Verdun and 1 have
given to them my word that they may live
here until the end of the war.'
"So in the school t'nry are to this day.
"We secured the services of some of the
finest teachers in 'ranee for the school
for bandmasters and band musicians.
laid out complete courses of instruction,
and even wrote a treatise on the use of the
baton. One novel and amusing feature of
the equipment of our school is a large
mirror, .«>o that a bandmaster under train¬
ing is aide to see ju.st how he conduc
how he handles the baton.
"We have been able to effect certain re¬
forms in the matter of bands. 'I he*1 a
to receive under the new dispensation ample
opportunity for practice. With the facili¬
ties now provided we should soon develop
bands equalling those of any nation in the
-.vorld.''
Mr. Damrosch found that the
side of the French was becoming spiritual
because of their years in warfare. uppermosl
was no race hatred in Franc«. [¦-
Then
tion of this Bbsencc of bittcrnc ¡'.lustra¬
Mr
Damrosch related this ¡neic-.-nt ;
Stormy Career
Russia against Poland, with Poland against | "The Little Russians have worked har.
Turkey, with Turkey against the Tatars. | and fought hard, and they have emerged a
They assisted in placing an unfrocked monk fairly united and still vigorous people. Tht;
upon the throne at Moscow. They were population increases more steadily than
simply nntural -warriors who rejoiced in that that, of Great Russia, as the. people &rt
occupation. The warrior shaved his head greatly attached to hom«* and do r.'.t care
except for a wisp on the crown, which was
allowed to grow long enough to wind around
the ears.
"Although professing the Orthodox Greek "The Ukraine includes Southwestern Ru*,
faith, they were the brigands and the cor¬ sia, with the exception of the provint.
sairs of Christianity. Though nominally known as Bessarabia, which partakes of the
subjects of Poland for a long time, the character of the Balkan States and is
Ukrainians were constantly involving Po¬
land in trouble with the Tatar and Turkish
rulers. At. times they even captured Polish
peasants and sold them as slaves to the
Tatars, who in turn passed them on to
Per-¡a us.
"The most serious conflict waged by
Poland with her rebellious Ukrainians was
during the insurrection under Chmielnicki
in 1G4Í). The massacres and cruelties per¬
petrated by the half-civilized hordes from
the Ukraine were as barbarous as those of
the American Indians during the onward
march of the whites.
"On the failure of h¡3 rebellion Chemiel-
nicki offered the annexation of Little Rus¬
sia '".> Moscow. The offer was accepted in
1G53, when it came under 'the suzerainty of
that growing empire.' Always striving for
complete idependence, the Ukraine
never quite able achieve it. Two wars
to
with Poland resulted from that action.
"Il was more than a century after its
incorporation before the entire province
was brought into complete subjection by
the developing Russian Empire. The 'het¬
mán' was maintained for some time, but this
office was abolished by the vigorous Cath¬
erine the Great, and under her it became
an integral part of the empire.
"The Ukraine's experiences with -war and
disaster would long ago have broken the
spirit of a race gifted with less elastic
temperament. There arc elements in their
temperament that enable them to stand much
oppresK'o"n without revolt. This character¬
istic may help the German in his attempts
to make the Ukraine a subject nation.
connecting line linking up the trie
a
trying out
twenty,
and proved
so valuable that the number
has been largely increased.
lie was dining one night in Paris with
the family of a French officer. Several
members of the party were amateur musi¬
cians and there was music. Suddenly there
was the sound of the sirens indicating Paris
was about to be raided from the air.
"The windows wer" closed at once and
curtail:.- hung over them," said Mr. Dam¬
rosch. "Then one of the women of the
party exclaimed, completely it-noring the
¡¦aid, as did the o hers:
"'llere',. a lovely little thing by Schu¬
bert. I'll sing i'.'
''And .»he did; -d. composition by Schubert,
a German composer."
When Mr. Damrosch reached Paris rumors
of .-¦ possible evacuation of the city v.* p.
cui rent, a considerable part of the
tion had left, and there was anxiety inpopula¬
French hearts.
main
"Hut very quickly all that was
said the musician. changed,'
"Liberty bonds had provided a constan
stream of men and supplies -'rom America
After til.« fighting at Chateau
became apparent to the whole Thierry,
of
that the active participation of our Franc
i
in the war would mean
ultimately
countr
an Allie
victory. Hence, the spirit oí the countr
speedily changed, people returned to Parí
and there aru.se the
the part of the
mo.s*. fervent love
French for all things Amer
can.
"All thc-e tilings have been made po¡c*>h
by Liberty bonds, and heavy over-subtscri'
tion of the Fourth Liberty Loan will can
on the work of saving
beca so well beeuii." civilization
that lu
to wander far from their native village*
They
are great ¡overs of the soil and clin»
to it with
passionate tena.city. a
peopled -with Rumanians and Bulgarian*.
The great seaport of Odessa and surround-
ing country have been added to it under
the new alignment.
"The Ukraine does not reach much north
of Kiev or east of Kharkov, but it is a la**-**«
state in itself, about as Large as the Ger¬
man Empire, with some twenty-five or
thirty millions of people living in it.
"There is a lure about the limitless
stretches of the steppes in the Ukraine. In
wide, level spaces, or in gentle undulation-,
they reach out until the sky and horizon
meet in a barely perceptible line. Parts of
it remind one very much o*" our o«-rn West¬
ern prairies. In the spring and summer it
is an ocean of verdure, a Ü the varied
shades of green of the growing vegetation
interspersed with flowers o? many hut!;
wa3 later, in the autumn, after the crops _r»
harvested, it becomes a brown u-aste o"
stubble and b-zrned up pastures; Ln v*«j-_-.
it is a white, glistening expanse of no***.
"The unending forest land of the north
has disappeared -not sxtddenly, hut by de¬
grees. Most of it is treeless, however, and
a feeling of sadness and almost d-pres-rion
involuntarily creeps upon one as he travels
over the steppes for the first time.
"There are not many old town* in the
Ukraine. Except in Kiev and Kharkov
one will har ¡ly fin ! a buildine* more t**an
a hunlred years old. No old medias-rtl
churches built up by the toil of lenerations
of devout hands, no old chateaux of the
nobility, no palaces rich in p-etures, will
be encountered. The great major-ty of the
towns are still big, overgrown vil'agea.**
Rail
an \
No Discrimination in
Japan
5TOUNG Japanese girl has obtained
*
a license as sea captain. Her name
¦y»-
is Tatzu Imamizo, and she received her
training from her father .»with whom sbe
sailed the Inland Sea. When she ap¬
plied for a license the authorities hesi¬
tated, for she v.-as the first woman v.h-
ever sought recognition as a skipper. ..-
there was no provision permitting dis¬
crimination on account of sex. the license
was issued..From a
bor bulletin. Department ''¡La¬
Portland's Ship Production
'PHK rapid growth of the shipbuildis*
industry is shown by the figure«
announced from Portland. Ore. at wbiA
port there are many shipyard- now i"
full working order. In December, 191*-.
about four thousand men were employe*'
in the yards there and the monthly pay¬
roll averaged $302,400. L> May this ft**
there were 29,700 men in the Bhipj".
and they drew* $3,213,000 a month. The
total value of contracts now oi I'«''"1
more than SI SO.000.000. -Fron: .'''
Rudder.
About the Sweets You Bit
CO,000 retail .¡i*-''1'*'*
npHERE
1 uters of
aie o\cr
confectionery in the L'mtf«-
wO-1
States. (Before the war there
100,000 retailers of confectionery ..
O
Great Britain.) The annual outputs-
candy is placed at 1,500,000,000 peu.'«-"-
or 750,000 tons. The L916 sale- were $#?-"
000,000 (wholesrrle prices». The .'
of sutrar used per year "jäO.OOO h**"
The amount of corn syrup used i><-! >f9i*
j is placed at ly 1,000 tons,