STANDARD SPECIFICATION

FOR
SKIN EFFECT HEAT TRACING SYSTEM

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CONTENTS Page
l. SCOPE...........................................................................................................3
2. REGULATlONS AND STANDARDS.................................................................3
3. OPERATlNG ENVlRONMENT..........................................................................4
4. SYSTEM DESlGN REQUlREMENTS...............................................................4
4.l General................................................................................................4
4.2 Heat Loss and Tracer lnput....................................................................5
4.3 Tracer Cable Requirements...................................................................6
4.4 Piping Trace Heating Systems...............................................................6
4.5 Tank and Vessel Heat Tracing Systems.................................................7
4.6 lnstrument Tracing Systems..................................................................7
4.7 Temperature Control............................................................................8
4.8 Power Supply......................................................................................8
4.9 Distribution Boards...............................................................................8
4.l0 Nameplates.........................................................................................8
4.ll Circuit Tags..........................................................................................9
5. lNSTALLATlON REQUlREMENTS...................................................................9
5.l General................................................................................................9
5.2 Heat Tracing Cable lnstallation..............................................................9
5.3 Cable Attachment.................................................................................l0
6. DRAWlNGS AND DATA...................................................................................l0
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6.l Heater circuit design drawings...............................................................ll
6.2 Electrical Wiring Diagrams....................................................................ll
6.3 Field Routing Drawings.........................................................................ll
6.4 Local Panel Drawings...........................................................................l2
6.5 lnstallation Drawings.............................................................................l2
6.6 As-Built Correction to Drawings.............................................................l2
6.7 General lnstallation, Operating and Maintenance Literature......................l2
7. lNSPECTlON AND TESTlNG...........................................................................l2
APPENDlX A: STANDARDS
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1. SCOPE
This specification covers the requirements for the design, material selection, installation and
testing of the Skin Effect Heat Tracing System for the 8 lnch l.5Km Sulfur Line.
Seller shall provide the following services when specified:
A. Design
B. lnstallation of heat tracing
C. lnstallation of transformer(s)
D. lnstallation of Distribution Board(s)
E. lnstallation of wiring and conduit to heat tracing
F. lnstallation of thermal insulation and weather barrier
G. On site training
CODES AND STANDARDS GENERAL
The Skin Effect heating system has been designed in accordance with the following codes and
standards including listed in appendix A.
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION (IEC) or equ!a"e#$
lEC 60076 Power Transformers
lEC 60044 lnstrument Transformers
lEC 60073 Basic and Safety Principles for ManMachine lnterface, Marking and
ldentification - Coding Principles for lndication Devices and Actuators
lEC 60529 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures (lP Code)
lEC 62086-2 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmosphere Electrical Resistance
Trace Heating Part 2. - Application Guide for Design, lnstallation and Maintenance
For the purposes of this specification, the word "should" shall be replaced with the word "shall"
wherever it appears in the above referenced standards.
All components and the complete assembly shall be approved by an approved certifying authority
and shall bear a label indicating compliance. lf any equipment is not available with such labeling, the
Seller shall provide written documentation to that effect with the proposal.
Any conflict between the referenced documents shall be identified to the Buyer in writing for
resolution. ln general, when resolving conflicts, the following order of precedence shall apply.
Data Sheet and Drawings
Purchase Order
This Specification
Referenced Standards
% SYSTEM DESIGN RE&'IREMENT
This standard specification shall be read in conjunction with the Basic Engineering Design Data :-
S$e (o#)$o#*
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De*g# Te+,era$ure*
Po-er Su,,". !o"$age*
E#("o*ure IP ra$#g*
I#*u"a$o# Ma$era" a#) #*u"a$o# $/(0#e**1 Re2er I#*u"a$o# S,e(*
The design shall be based on continuous and reliable service, safety to operators and all
equipment. lt shall have least maintenance requirements and inter-changeability, wherever
applicable.
The Skin effect Heat Tracing System offered shall ensure continuous running of this critical application.
The method of calculation of heat loss and released parameters shall be as per guidelines given in the
standards. The losses from each part of the surface shall be calculated using the appropriate formula and
added together to determine the total heat loss. For the sulfur line a minimum design margin of 25% shall
be considered on the rate of heat loss calculated. Calculations shall be furnished for owner's/ Consultant's
review.
The surface temperature of Heat tracers / Electrical equipment intended to be used in hazardous
area shall not exceed T3 temperature class. All electrical hardware which is installed in hazardous
area shall be suitable for hazardous area zone l & 2 gas group ll A / ll B unless otherwise
specified.
lt will be the sole responsibility of the Heat Tracing Contractor to optimize the entire Heat Tracing
System.
Power cables from Local Distribution to the heat tracer shall be sized to limit the voltage drop to
maximum 3 % under full load condition, including maximum heater output rating at operating
conditions.
Further, the selected cable size shall also be adequate to carry the maximum anticipated heat
tracer start up current while the heating device is at minimum temperature.
3 core-armoured cables shall be used for power supply to heat tracer for single-phase circuits. (2
cores for phase and neutral and third core for earth conductor).
3Core x l.5Sqmm armoured RTD cable suitable for 3 wire temperature sensor (PT l00) shall be
provided.
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Suitable armoured communication cable shall be provided between various temperature scanners
located in LDP & operator terminal located in control room.
SKIN EFFECT HEAT TRACING SYSTEM
The skin effect heat tracing system is generally used for piping over l000-l200Mtrs. The system
concept is based on skin and proximity effects.
The skin effect is caused by the current flowing in a wire pulled inside a heat tube and the inner
surface of the same tube. The insulated wire is connected to the heat tube at the end termination
and the voltage source is connected between the heat tube and the insulated wire at the power
connection. Since the heat tube is attached to the process pipe and completely covered by the
thermal isolation system, the heat is transferred to the process pipe.
Skin Effect Heating System shall be mainly composed of specialty power transformers, special
skin effect electrical conductors installed inside a ferromagnetic heat tubes, load and control
equipment and all necessary installation accessories.
S.*$e+ De*g#
Design of skin effect heating system shall be by manufacturer and shall be as follows:-
a. Heating System shall be designed to produce even heating along entire length of
pipeline to offset heat losses stated in design conditions.
b. Design of Ferromagnetic heat tubes and special electrical conductors that shall provide
required amount of heat.
c. Design shall include temperature / power control, monitoring and over current protection
devices needed for heating systems.
S0# E22e($ Co#)u($or
The Skin Effect conductor shall be insulated with a hih te!"erature #$60 %e.& !ini!u!' s"ecial P()
dielectric in such a !anner that !ini!al air s"ace e*ists between conductor strands and e*truded dielectric.
Heat T#$e
+eat tube shall be sea!less S&+ ,0 )106 -rB PE. The si.e of the heat tube shall be suested b/ the
su""lier. .
P#// 0o1es
Pull Bo*es and s"lice bo*es will be located alon the line and shall allow the cable trouble shootin and
re"lace!ent without re!o0al of the "i"e insulation.
Te+,era$ure Co#$ro"
The control of the skin effect heating system shall be accomplished by solid-state temperature
controls with RTDs as sensors. Temperature, voltage and current values shall be monitored and
over current with protection relays shall provide fault trips and alarms
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3.4 Po-er Su,,".
The heat tracing system shall be supplied from 4l5 V AC 3 phase 50 Hz switch board.
Switchboard will have one dedicated breaker feeder for heat tracing system to cater to the
total load requirement.
3.5 S-$(/gear
The SKlN Effect Contractor shall provide necessary switchgear from the point after the main
incoming power supply for the heating system. lt should comply with all the relevant standards and
specifications. Reference should be made to the project LV switchgear specification and HV
switchgear specification. An lndustrial grade HMl shall be part of SKlN effect system through which
the entire parameters including transformers, LBUs, HV Panels etc shall be viewed and controlled. All
the parameters shall be communicable to the DCS through RS 465 Modbus link.
6 INSTALLATION RE&'IREMENTS
6.1 Ge#era"
The Seller is required to provide installation drawings for all components of the Skin Effect
Heat Tracing System.
The installation shall be in accordance with all project drawings and installation
drawings. The installation shall also be in accordance with Seller's recommendations unless
modified herein. Any conflicts in these documents shall be brought to the attention of
the Buyer, for a resolution.
The installation of electrical heat tracing systems requires special skills and precautions that
may not be commonly known. Prior to the installation of any component of the heat tracing
system, the Seller shall be responsible for familiarizing all people involved with the
installation and testing requirements.
6.7 S0# E22e($ I#*$a""a$o#
Skin effect heat tracing shall be installed as per manufacturers' recommendations.
6.% S0# Tu8e 9e")#g
The welding of Heat Tube to the product pipe shall not be in the scope of the skin effect
contractor.
: DRA9INGS AND DATA
The Seller shall provide drawings and data in accordance with:
A. The purchase requisition and its attachments including "vendor drawing and
data requirements" and detailed requirements in this specification.
B. lnstructions to Sellers.
:.1 Hea$er (r(u$ )e*g# )ra-#g*
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The Seller shall furnish drawings that show each heat tracing circuit and its component
devices. These drawings must be in the form of plans and details (equipment) or
isometrics (piping) to readily orient the heater cables, sensors and other devices with respect
to the actual installation.
The following shall be clearly indicated on the drawings
A. Process isometric number, instrument, and equipment tag number.
B. Line size, insulation type and thickness, and all other design data listed in
Error!
Reference source not found, and 6.5
C. Electrical tracing circuit number.
D. Coordinates and elevations locating the boundaries of the section traced,
process instruments on the traced line section, control temperature sensing
elements, hot and cold junctions, power supply points, and other junction
boxes.
E. Representation of all flanges, valves, branch lines and valves, drains,
pumps
instruments, pipe supports, and equipment nozzles.
F. Diagrammatic representation of heater style, number of passes, and all
interconnections.
G. Length of tracer cable to be installed for wraps.
H. Junction boxes included to sectionalize the tracing for isolation and
maintenance, for example, to isolate tracing for instrument transmitters,
pumps, removable spools, etc.
:.7 E"e($r(a" 9r#g Dagra+*
The Seller shall prepare electrical wiring diagrams for the tracer installation including typical
schematics for the tracer cable connection, control wiring, and local distribution board. A
local distribution board schedule shall be prepared in an electronic Data Base that indicates
and totals all branch circuit loads for maximum cold amp loading and design maintain
temperature loading. The schedule shall include:
A. Board number
B. Circuit number
C. Heater type and length
D. Heater Voltage and Wattage
E. Cold Amperage
:.% Fe") Rou$#g Dra-#g*
The Buyer will prepare field routing drawings (similar to lighting plan drawings) before the
start of cable installation. Using plot plan drawings as a background, these drawings will be
prepared after tracing isometrics have been completed as above. These drawings will show
the location of local electric tracing distribution boards, which have been planned for the
project. The Seller will identify elevation, and locate coordinates of the heaters, sensors, and
auxiliary devices on the background. Buyer will complete the drawing showing schematic
runs for power and control wiring to the local distribution board.
:.3 Lo(a" Pa#e" Dra-#g*
The Seller shall prepare a complete layout, schematics, bill of material, and wiring
diagram for the local distribution board/controller. The drawings shall show all
components, including the power transformer, circuit breakers, controllers, indicators, and
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alarms. All outside wiring connections such as main power and common alarm shall be
shown. The general arrangement drawing shall show:
A. Elevations, sections, floor plan and base layout.
B. Arrangement and mounting of all components and extent of windows on the
front of the panel, door swing, and back panel.
C. Location of ground and bus lugs.
D. Location of terminal blocks.
E. Purge system location and details (when required).
F. Location of cable entries.
G. Nameplate schedule.
:.6 I#*$a""a$o# Dra-#g*
The Seller shall prepare installation details and drawings, which define the placement of
cable on piping, valves and other heat sinks, instrumentation, level glasses, pumps and other
equipment, etc.
:.: A*1;u"$ Corre($o# $o Dra-#g*
As-Built corrections shall be added to all drawings and to the database to reflect the
changes in materials and installation.
:.< Ge#era" I#*$a""a$o#= O,era$#g a#) Ma#$e#a#(e L$era$ure
Detailed literature shall be provided covering all equipment supplied, including:
A. Electric heater cable description data including physical and electrical
characteristics and performance, dimensions, weights, etc.
B. Recommended procedures for handling, installing, terminating, and splicing of
electric heater cable.
C. Complete installation, operating and maintenance manuals including
component
descriptive literature and information on handling, installing, maintaining, and
troubleshooting the equipment.
D. Reports for all factory tests performed on equipment and cable.
<. INSPECTION AND TESTING
ln addition to the Seller's standard testing procedures, the inspections and tests in this
section shall be conducted on each control panel assembly and on each heater cable.
APPENDI> A STANDARDS

IEC1 I#$er#a$o#a" E"e($ro $e(/#(a" Co++**o# STANDARDS
lEC 60364 Electrical lnstallations
lEC 60398 General Test Methods for lndustrial Electro-Heating Equipment Second
Edition.
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lEC 605l9-l0 Safety in electro heat installations Part l0: Particular requirements for
electrical resistance trace heating systems for industrial and
commercial applications-Edition l
lEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures. (lP Code)
lEC 60800 Heating Cables with a Rated Voltage of 300/500V for Comfort Heating and
Prevention of lce Formation Second Edition
lEC TRl423-l Heating Cables for lndustrial Applications-Parti: Performance
Requirements and Test Methods First Edition.
lECTR l423-2 Heating Cables for lndustrial Applications-Part 2: Constructional and
Material Requirements First Edition.
lEC 6l000-4 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC).
lEC 62086 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres. Electrical
resistance trace heating.
Part l General and testing requirements.
Part 2 Application guide for design, installation and maintenance.
ISO 1 I#$er#a$o#a" Orga#?a$o# 2or S$a#)ar)?a$o#
lSO 3864 Safety Colours and Safety Signs
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