* Introduction * Future-Group Style guide * AutoComm group Style guide * Translation Tools * Translation and Revision guidelines

Introduction
Welcome new comer to our dearest Future-Group and we wish you the best of luck. We are working in the field of localization, that charming field which spread in the recent decade in Egypt and the Middle East region, as it is considered a very important channel for the multinational companies to penetrate to the Arab countries market through addressing the Arabic user using his language. The computer companies take the lead in this field through localization of its programs and operating systems, some of these companies are Microsoft, racle, !inu", and so many others. Also the mobile companies start to go in the same way in order to come closer to the Arabic user in the region through localizing the software of its mobiles and accessories and its printed manuals, in addition to the its sites on the Web. #ome of these companies are $okia, Alcatel, #iemens, #ony%Ericsson and so on& Through our work, you will feel that you are closer to all the new in the life, especially in that charming field of computer, mobiles, and communications, even you will feel that you are participating in the change of these fields. We wish you all the best in your career and we are very happy that your have become one of us.

Future-Soft Style Guide Preparation Future Soft Style Guide Committee Egypt !!" Sentence Structure and Grammar#
1. The use of complicated sentence structure that might confuse the reader should be avoided. Always remember that the main task of the translator is to convey the right meaning to the reader so that he can understand it without much difficulty. Always use simple sentence structure and take the reader in mind putting your self in his place. He is your main target. 2. Try to adhere to the formal style in your translation and do not use collo!uial words or e"pressions. #ometimes the $nglish source especially in documentation and help

contains collo!uial language which should be avoided in the target Arabic translation. However the meaning of the source should never be changed while trying to avoid collo!uialism. $"ample% $nglish% This is a nifty idea. Arabic% &'()* +,-. /012. 3. Avoid using successive Arabic verbs in the same sentence. 4sually try to use one verb write the sub5ect and then write the remaining verbs attaching pronouns that refer to the sub5ect to them. $"ample $nglish% 6reate and send reports Arabic% /07/8*29 ,:*/;<7) =/>12 ?. @ever repeat the same noun in the same sentence and try to avoid repeating the same noun in two consecutive sentences. In cases that repeat the $nglish noun you can use pronouns to replace the second noun whenever necessary. In some cases this might re!uire that two or more of the source sentences must be 5oined together in one sentence in the target translation. Actually it is a very good idea to merge sentences and use different punctuation marks in the target if this can enhance the meaning leading the user to a better and closer understanding of the intended meaning. $"ample% $nglish% AAA is a very important program. AAA can manage more than one item at the same time. Arabic% BC/1,D E': AAA FGH7) I)J K. EL)9 ,MNO PC ,QRS K. T-U<7) VN-W: XYL Z&YW[\/D T]<^ K<7) BC),_7) ELS. @otes% Avoid using more than one colon in the same sentence. This will enhance sentence structure. '. Always try to use the infinitive form of the verb (/01+-. )*+,-.2, rather than the phrasal infinitive (345,-. )*+,-.2. The phrasal infinitive is composed by adding 6: 978 >)?@,-. ;<=-. or BC?,-. ;<=-. : ?A. This makes the sentence shorter, while making it more acceptable to the Arabic user. $"ample

$nglish% `ou should name this file.

Arabic% abW7) )c[ &YW]^ de:. f. $nglish technical writers tend to use modal verbs to e"press the must and necessity versus preference. This should be reflected in the Arabic translation. gor e"ample we use de: for hust and ijk: ZP-W: and dU<]: for would and could. $"ample $nglish% `ou can click on the l4ninstallm button to uninstall the product. Arabic% FY_Q<7) =/n72o *p qbO ,;N7) rst PC BC/1,_7) FY_Q^ =/n72 P-W:o. $nglish% `ou must fill in the re!uired fields to be able to submit the form. Arabic% uJHWN7) T:E;^ qN]<: q<L &:*9,j7) rH;U7) =iC de:.

v. The $nglish technical writers tend to use both the present and the future tenses to describe procedures that occur in the run time. However in the Arabic language it is better to use the present tense even if the source is written in the future tense. It is important to minimiwe the use of the future tense as much as possible. $"ample $nglish% The program will be closed when you click on the l6losem button. Arabic% xsy2o *p qbO ,;N7) ENO BC/1,_7) xsy2 T<:o. z. In $nglish some writers prefer to begin with the reason and put the action at the end of the sentence. This is not very much acceptable in the Arabic {anguage. |lease begin with the action then mention the reason at the end. Also try to avoid beginning with the adverbials whenever possible. $"ample $nglish% To get information about the product click Help then About. Arabic% B<NW7/D &;b'<W7) I/CHb'W7) }'D qbO rHMUb7 orHLo T~ oI/WYb'^o qbO ,;1). . In the Arabic language it is agreed that the main sentence is the verbal sentence the sentence that begins with a verb as opposed to the $nglish sentence where you h4#T begin with the noun nominal sentence. |lease use the erbal sentence as the standard in your translation. $"ample $nglish% A spider is a program that searches the orld ide eb. Arabic% &YW7/'7) d:H7) &-_ qbO XU_b7 /0C)E<8) P-W: BC),D &:H;N'7) XU_7) I/R,UC ,_<'^. $nglish% `ou can search for a file on your hard disk by pressing the g3 key on your desktop. Arabic% /<kC qbO nj7) rst PC dbM7) ,;7) qbO I/kbW7) PO XU_7) P-W: g3 d<-W7) 8 qbO HH7) =/N~S. 1. Apodosis% In $nglish conditional clauses are very common and are used to affirm facts. |lease never forget to add the letter to the beginning of the verb in the apodosis when the verb is in present tense. Also do not forget to add the letter to the beginning of the apodosis in the cases summariwed by the following% EC/eD9 &Y_b &YW8S a:H]<7)9 PY]7)9 P79 /WD9 @ote% ne of the most popular errors committed by Arabic translators is to add the word /WbR in both the parts of the conditional clauses. They say% nj7) iG /WbR Z/k^*) )p /WbR. The word /WbR should not be repeated. e have to say nj7) iG Z/k^*) )p /WbR. 11. In some cases there might be Arabic words that have the same characters so that the same word can be read in more than one way each way of pronunciation indicating a different meaning. In such cases differentiation should be drawn by using diacritics Tashkeel to specify the meaning of the word. $"ample $nglish% There are more than one dimension in this page. Arabic% &UkM7) c[ K. EL)9 E'D PC ,QRS EH:.

@otes% 1. `ou can avoid using tashkeel by changing the Arabic word. gor e"ample you can use Y<: instead of N-W:. 2. |lease refer to Appendi" 1 and Appendi" f to have more information on Tashkeel. 12. Hamwa% There are two ways to write the hamwa. There is GHI-. DE,F and ;KL-. J-8. These two letters are very conflicting for the Arabic translators. The following tables summariwes when to use GHM DE,F and when to use ;KL-. J-8%

7NL-. BPQP BU?V) B[?,\ B[.*[ @otes% b. d. f. h. 13. b. d. f. )*+,-. ;R8 W.)XY % % BC?,-. SR ; S8 S) W S X8 % %

GHM DE,F
>)?@,-. ;< S T8 W) Z X8 ]4E^8 WE Z ,a[. 1AO. % W)X8 % % )*+,-. BC?,-. % % % % _.4E^. `4E^. W.E,a[. WE,a[.

;K4 DE,F
>)?@,-. % % % % 1AO. ;<T. % Z E^. 4 WE,a[.

camza is phonetic, i.e. if it is pronounced it is written and vice versa. eou can use the WAW (42 before the alef to specify if it is GHM DE,F or ;K4 J-8. glease refer to Appendi" ' to have some more information about hamza. $otice that the position of the hamza affects the meaning of the word. #o, take care when writing words that contain hamza. Alif% @otice that alif al afree! can e used in verbs not in nouns. #o we can say 410*A and .Li[)8. #ay jkA not jl?A. o not use yaa to e"press alif ma!#oora. Thus you should use lq72m not lK72m. Always use the two dots under the yaa. To get more information about the alif ma!#oora and yaa please refer to Appendi" ?

1?. ender hen the conte"t refers to a nonspecified gender ob5ect you can refer to that ob5ect in a nonspecified way% le"ample% DXLmLA2 XLmLA.

Punctuation#
1. #pacesn #pacing represent an integral part of any document written in any language. ot is the way used to help the user identify words and realize the whole meaning of the sentence. glease notice the following rules when dealing with spacesn a. Always make sure that the mode of the space is the Arabic mode, by pressing Alt : #hift (on the right hand on the keyboard2. b. @o space before one space after the following punctuation marks%

c. d. e. f. g.

6omma gull #top . 6olon %( ash #lash #emicolon ( uestion hark $"clamation mark o not put a space between the te"t and enclosing punctuations oo . o not put a space or a gull stop after l m and lm. ne space before one space after mathematical symbols * and . @ever use a space after the con5unction 9 but we have to add a space before it. o not use periods after headings titles columns in a table or captions in illustrations unless the e"pression is considered a full sentence.

2. @onbreaking spaces% pertain e"pressions should not be separated at the end of the line. To ensure that, you can use (ctrl : shift : space bar2 between words that should not be separated into separate lines. E"amples aren a. qetween gart, phapter or Appendi" and the number. ( r-?s-. ;+=-.2 b. qetween the unit of measurement and the number the follows it (' tuR2. c. qetween the software name and version number (Windows v'2 d. The words that compose the name of a software and proper names in general (Microsoft ffice and !otus $otes2 3. cyphenationn pompound adwective%noun relations can be identified by using the hyphens in the English language. cowever, the Arabic !anguage does not use hyphenation at all. glease stick to this rule, and never use hyphens. $"ample $nglish% The filerelated commands can not be e"ecuted at this level. Arabic% H<]W7) )c[ K. I/kbW7/D &/7) ,C)9\) cYkN^ P-W: . ?. |unctuation marks advanced% Here are some tips about using the punctuation marks% a. 4se #emicolons to 5oin two independent sentences e"pressing two different aspects of the same idea. b. |lace the period outside the brackets when at the end of the sentence.

c. Avoid the fre!uent use of the parenthesis. #ometimes you can ignore the $nglish parenthesis if they do not affect the meaning and if you think that the meaning would be better without them. The file is closed all modifications are saved can be translated as abW7) by T^ Is:E'<7) &./R -kL9.. d. ashida is used to format te"t. ut do not use it to format te"t and leave that task for the T| specialist. Also ashida can be used to attach an Arabic word or letter to an $nglish word. However it is better to avoid such cases by adding a descriptive word. lsave file as |gm can be translated as lR abW7) -kL |gm and is better to be l Y]N<D abW7) -kL |gm. @otes% efer to Appendi" 2 to have more information about punctuation marks.

Style#
$%
o not address the reader directly but try to generaliwe as possible. In addition do not use the Arabic possessive words that refer to the user like l7o mD &/7)o and any other form of possessiveness. This is very common in the $nglish {anguage but is better to be avoided in Arabic.

@ote% In some specific cases if possessiveness does not refer to the user you can use it. $"ample 2 $"amples% $nglish% The program prompts you to fill in your re!uired fields. Arabic% &:*9,j7) rH;U7) =iC BC/1,_7) NC db:. $nglish% eep a new print cartridge in its packaging until you are ready to install it. Arabic% /0_YR,<7 )E '<]C H-^ q<L /0<_bO K. +E:Ee7) &O/_7) &H,D -k<L). $nglish% `ou can not access your file if you do not supply the password. Arabic% *9,W7) &WbR r/t2 E'D 2 abW7) q72 rHH7/D 7 W]: P7.

hen localiwing the software items put the user interface l4Im items between two inverted commas. 4sually the first capital letter in the $nglish refers to software items.

@otes% a |lease notice that you have to check the 4I you are dealing with. `ou have to know if it is localiwed or not. If it is localiwed use the Arabic term if not it is natural to use the $nglish term as is but between inverted commas as well. b To the T| specialist% Ig you find that there is a 4I item that is put into inverted commas and you want to make it bold you will have to delete the commas. $"ample $nglish% 6lick lgilem then l@ewm to create a new document. Arabic% {ocaliwed 4I 9S .oE:Eo T~ oabCo qbO ,;1) ZE:E EN<]C P:H-<7 @on {ocaliwed 4I qbO ,;1) ZE:E EN<]C P:H-<7 ogileo T~ o@ewo.

"%

Acronyms% an acronym is the combination of the first letters of some words where each initial refers to one word and the whole acronym refers to a concept. The eneral trend is to leave the acronym in $nglish. However in many cases it is important to translate the meaning of the acronym in order to convey its meaning to the user. In such cases please type the $nglish acronym then type its meaning between two brackets.

$"ample $nglish% h is used to run the ava applets on the host machines. Arabic% E<]: h &kYjW7) +0\) qbO /./ I/eW:,D iYn><7 ,[/7) /./ p/0. @otes% 1. hen pluraliwing the acronym delete the plural lsm from the end of the acronym and pluraliwe the Arabic translation of the acronym. $nglish% 6lick on the 4{s available if you want to move to the target pages. Arabic% P:9/NO qbO ,;1) 4{ E07) I/UkM7) q72 r/;<1s7 &L/<W7).

2. If the acronym is repeated in the same paragraph or in the same file you can translate its meaning in the first time then mention the $nglish acronym as is after that depending on the truth that the user has known the meaning in the first occurrence of the acronym. If the acronym is in plural form use one Arabic descriptive word before it and pluraliwe it. $nglish% hs also are virtual machines there are not actual machines one can see and handle. Arabic% +0S E'^9 h /0'C iC/'<7)9 /0<:* P-W: &Yb'. +0S F]Y7 K0. Z&:,[/ +0S. 3. Avoid using the 7 D and R before the $nglish acronym. `ou need to use a descriptive Arabic word before the Arabic word and attach the D or the 7 to it. $nglish% Avoid using this kind of processor with the 6|4s mentioned here. Arabic% I)EL9 K. I/e7/'W7) PC HN7) )c[ )E<8) dNe^ 6|4 /N[ +*HRcW7). ?. Abbreviations% the use of abbreviations is very common in the $nglish language and it is becoming the ages trend. However they are not that common in the Arabic language. Thus avoid using abbreviated forms in Arabic as much as possible. $"amples of the most common Arabic abbreviations are the measurement and weight units like% TC T8 TbR TeR for ,<WYbbC for ,<WY<N8 for ,<C HbYR for ), HbYR for &:HC &* for H:Yb8 &* for FY01,0. &*

Also there are some other common abbreviations like% for /L /_ for = /]C gt for jHI^ @otes% 1. There are some cases when the $nglish abbreviation does not have an e!uivalent common Arabic abbreviation. In such cases you can use the full Arabic word. {ike &;1 for |t. d. ot is noted that although it is appropriate in the English language to use a xdiminutivex or to abbreviate words such as month names, day names, etc., the same practice is not acceptable in Arabic. ysually use the full names, unless there is space restrictions (software only2. . hen dealing with lists of actions for e"ample a list of items that should be followed in order to achieve some kind of a result you have to keep consistent. `ou should never begin one sentence with the imperative like TG then begin the following sentence in the same list with the infinitive. `ou should keep consistent. $"ample $nglish% To close the document% 1. 6lick file. 2. 6lick close. Arabic%I)EN<]W7) xsy% 1. abC qbO ,;1). 2. xsy2 qbO ,;1).

@otes% 1. If the list is numbered with Indian numbers 1 2 3 please use the same Arabic numbers in your translation 1Z 2Z 3. If the $nglish source uses letters a b c please use the EeDS pH[ Arabic alphabet. Here is a list of the letters arranged according to this alphabet% HWbR L pH[ EeDS d. of the items are complete sentences, each should end with a period. E"amplen Englishn To recover from this problemn Turn off the printer and the computer. cold down the #hift key and turn the computer on. pontinue to hold the #hift key until you see the Mac # screen and the words 6E"tensions ff9 Arabicn ji,-. }~F |iU zi{ai-n 1L,-. N?m4 j<V?H-. ;{ JM48. ?a=A |iU ).1,a[. GA {C. #hift 1L,-. ;{ tP. ?a=A |iU {@-. BT 1,a[. #hift .X.*aA. ;H<x ?,i-.4 LaR?A ;{ ?^ j? *F? 78 |-Yx. f. When the list contains short items, no punctuation is reuired f. Titles% There is no writing without titles. However there are some specific considerations that should be taken into consideration when translating titles% a. @ever put a full stop at the end of the titles. b. 4sually use the infinitive form :,M7) *EMW7) not the verb nor the phrasal infinitive r9W7) *EMW7). c. Avoid using negation indefinite nouns and use plural forms of nouns. d. A title can be a sentence a clause and a !uestion. e. 6hapter numbers should be translated into letters opposite to figures i.e. 6hapter 3 would be X7/Q7) iMk7) Instead of 3 iMk7). v. Attention $"pressions% There are some words and phrases which are used to draw the attention of the reader called attention e"pressions. They might cause some conflict to the translator leading him to make conflicts by translating the same $nglish word with two different Arabic words or using the same Arabic word for two different $nglish words. #ome of these words are mentioned here. |lease use the Arabic translation mentioned% @ote &LsC Tip &UYM1 Important /[ 6aution VY_N^ arning ,:cU^ . Always try to avoid personification of hardware and software. This usually keeps the length of the sentence to a minimum, and brings your translation within the frame the user can easily understand. $"ample $nglish% The computer asks you if you want to delete the current file. Arabic% S K7/U7) abW7) cL E:,^ FNR )J2 /WO ,^HY_W-7) r]:.

v. The plural in English is different from the Arabic plural, as the English plural stands for both the Arabic ual (|sA2 and the plural (G,u-.2. eou have to take care as the English plural, sometimes, might refer to the Arabic dual. or e"ample when we translate 6the up and down keys9 we should say 6;=[O4 |iUO ?,[9. The Arabic glural is problematic to some e"tent as there may be more than one plural for the same singular word. f course each one of these plural forms has some kind of implication. cowever, it is acceptable to use any form of the plural, provided that you should use the same plural word all over the files. This, of course, aims at insuring consistency. or e"ample, the English word 6letter9 may be translated as 6419 or 6189. eou can use either of them, but you can not use both of them in the same product at all. There are some plural forms in the Arabic language that are used wrongly. ne of the most common e"amples is the word 6bar9 which is translated as 6019 and 6j189. The sound plural is 619. qut we can use the first plural 6j189 as it is very common in the daily Arabic language. As you see, this is one of the e"ceptions. When using the plural forms of the unit names that are transliterated into the Arabic language, you have to pay some specific attention. ne of these e"amples is the word 6byte9 which is translated in the Arabic language as 60?V9. There are some casesn a. of the plural of this word is very common in the Arabic language, you can use the Arabic plural. E"ample is tiA whose plural is .1a,iiA. b. of the plural of the word is not common in the Arabic language, use the Arabic word 6.*49 before the transliterated word to denote the plural. E"ample is 60?V .*49 for 6qytes9.

@otes% The inanimate pronoun in plural form is always masculine. e can say /0Y. iW'7)9 I/MbW7) q72 i:E_<7). @ot T0Y. iW'7)9 I/MbW7) q72 i:E_<7).
b. Transliterated words and names need to be given a gender in Arabic. or
e"amplen the word 6Mouse9 is translated as x4?Ax in Arabic, you might wondern shall o say xLFxor xBFx Actually, there is no specific rule to this. qut we can refer to the source of the word and identify the gender of its source. The word mouse, for e"ample, refers to a machine, thus we can make it masculine. Also, the word 6Windows9 also refers to the name of a program, thus we can consider it masculine. n the other hand, the word 6Microsoft9 refers to the name of a company, thus it is feminine. bb. $umeralsn yse the same number format used in the English source. of the English uses cindi numbers, use cindi numbers. of the number is written in letters, use Arabic letters.

$otice that numbers are indefinite, so please add 63.9 to the word that the number refers to. (6efer to page9 d can be translated as xd j=+-. |-Y Gm).x, for e"ample2. or chapter titles, write the numbers in letters even if the English chapter number is written in numbers. $otice the followingn

A noun following is plural and genitive. A noun following 1 is singular and accusative. A noun following 1 is singular and genitive. If the number comes after the noun it describes it becomes an ad5ective and should have the same gender of the noun. e say r9\) iMk7) but we say &Y1/Q7) +H7).

eneral @otes to the Translator% |lease take care of the following% 1. hen translatign fractions use the same way mentioned in the source. If the source is 1 target shuld be 1 for e"ample. 2. There is a great difference between the Arabc letter &HD,C =/^ and =/07). `ou can refer to appendi" 3 to have more info about that. 3. Always translate l6lickm and l6lick onm as oqbO ,;1)o not n). ?. hen negating you should separate the negation letter or P7 from the verb. e can not say P-W: but we can say P-W: . . o not put spaces btween words that form measurement units when the unit is composed of more that one word. e can say F:/D/eY but can not say F:/D /eY. f. o not use double negative in Arabic. #ometimes this might be common in the $nglish language. e can translate lIt is not uncommonm as o(/>7) PCo. v. |ay some attention to prepositions. #ome verbs should have specific prepositions. $"amples are% aYj: q72 aYj: ik8\ ,1) ik8S q72 ,1) qbO\ ,1) qbOS q72 ,1) z. The word S should agree with the word that follows it. $"amples are E79 S +/<. &:S

Future-Soft Style Guide Preparation Future Soft Style Guide Committee Egypt !!"
1. ate and Time% The Arabic correct format for dates is day 2 digits month 2 digits year ? digits. #o we can translate the $nglish dh une db as dh db L^L0. #ometimes, the date is written in short format. on such cases, we have to use the format day day 2 digits month 2 digits year ? digits. 6oncerning the format of the Arabic time it does not appear to have much changes than the $nglish format. The format is Hour 2 digits % minutes 2 digits then /L /_ for Ah and = /]C for |h. `ou can use the abbreviated forms for /L /_ and = /]C. |lease refer to Abbreviations to have more information about how to handle short forms. @ote% `ou have to pay specific attention when localiwing dates and times. #ometimes you have to use the $nglish format when dealing with software issues. $"ample% 6lick on the ate drop down menu and select mmddyy. &7E]NW7) &W(/;7) qbO ,;1) oateo ,<t)9 ommddyyo. 2. $"amples% gor e"amples that have cultural implications please replace them with e"amples that are related to the Arabic environment. gor e"amples if the $nglish te"t mentions a name you can use an Arabic name instead of that specific name. gor e"amples that have related illustrations in help files with illustrated e"amples use the $nglish e"amples if the illustrations are not localiwed into Arabic and be sure to use the same e"ample used in the illustration if it is localiwed. @otes% Avoid using real names and try to be as generic as possible. Also use so common names that have no religious implications. 3. |oliteness Technical writing re!uires that the writer should be polite when addressing the user. `ou have to abide by this rule in all your writing. o not make him feel that he is the cause of the error that happens for e"ample. Also never use a style that implies attacking. Englishn glease, wait while the printer Arabicn j<V?H-. *<a ?,V )?a^. _?m1-. ?. honth names%

There are different Arabic calendars used all over the Arab world such as the Hi5ri calendar and the eorgian calendar. However the most common of them is the eorgian calendar. Thus we can use the eorgian calendar. gor a list of the Arabic eorgian calendar please look below% ,:/N: ,:),_. */C i:,DS H:/C HY1H: HY7H: ]yS ,_W<_8 ,DH<RS ,_W.H1 ,_W]: Also here is a list with the Hi5ri calendar% ,UC ,k r9\) YD* K1/Q7) YD* q79\) /W &Y1/Q7) /W d* /_' /jC* r)H +E';7) 9J &eU7) 9J elow is a list of the #yrian calendar% r9\) H1/R K1/Q7) H1/R /_ *)J /]Y1 *)H1 ),:L pHW^ rHb:S r9\) P:,>^ K1/Q7) P:,>^ r9\) H1/R

ey namesn In most of the Arab world countries we still use keyboards with $nglish keys. Thus whenever there is a reference to a name of a key on the keyboard please use the $nglish name typed on the keyboard. There is no need to add the Arabic meaning of the name as this is a matter of redundancy and does not add to the meaning. Englishn gress Enter then press the Tab key to move to the second record. Arabicn ?a=A |iU {C. B-?a-. ;u-. |-Y 3?Ia^Q- Enter ?a=A |iU {C. tP Tab. @ote% There is a case when we can translate the meaning of the name of the keys of the key board when the conte"t is describing these keys. Here is a complete list of the translation of the meaning of these keys% English Arabic ta-. ?a=A ptrl ~-. ?a=A el 3?\X. ?a=A Enter B-?<-. ?a=A #hift paps !ock paps !ock End End $um !ock $um !ock grint #creen grint #creen #croll !ock #croll !ock gause gause onsert W.)X. ?a=A come come |iU- j=K ?a=A gage yp ;=[- j=K ?a=A gage own >Lm1-. ?a=A eturn

$"ample% The elete key is used to delete te"t. Arabic% cU7) /<kC E<]: elete HMN7) cU7. . pompany $ames and trademarksn pompany names are the names that are used to distinguish companies while trademarks are words, phrases, names, symbols, logos or slogans adopted and used by the company to identify and distinguish its products from the product of other companies and they are usually identified my adding the superscript tm. or the trademarks, you should never translate these names. cowever, we can transliterate the company name. cere is a list of the most popular company names. Microsoft TL[410?A racle;R.)48 uture%#oft TL[ 1LT !e"mark )?,-

cewlett gackard X)?R?V -LF #ony B^L[ #amsung ^LA?[ iew #onic ^L[ LT $okia ?RL^ ! Bm 3Y !otus Lodak .XLR $ovell ;TL^ v. Hot keys translation Hot keys refer to a defined key se!uence that e"ecutes a command or causes the operating system to switch to another program or another screen. In indows environments for e"ample you can often press a hot key to e"ecute common commands. gor e"ample 6trl 6 usually copies the selected ob5ects. Hotkeys should be translated consistently all over the software and there are some rules that are related to the Arabic language% 1. @ever repeat the same hot key in the same menu. 2. Avoid using letters that are lower than the line or that have a lower hamwa. 3. Avoid using the keys that re!uire pressing the l#hiftm key. ?. 4se indows standard hotkeys if available. . If possible the hotkey should be the first letter of the user interface name or as close to the beginning as possible. z. |roduct @ame translation hen translating product names leave them in $nglish as they to some e"tent resemble the trademarks as they are used to identify the products.

FUTURE GLOBE AUTOCOMM TRANLSATION GUIDE

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Contents

Introduction T'e (ind of )or( )e 'andle in t'is group Terminology T'e usage of *atin terms +sage of t'e product names
+sage of ,isplay Te-t terms

*anguage Pronouns
Automation and Communication advertising )ay Format

.easurement
/um0er

Punctuation
Pacing Automation and Communication style

Consistency

Introduction
A0out t'is translation guide The purpose of this translation guide is to provide Automation and Communication translation with specific linguistic guidelines and standard conventions. This guide covers the areas of terminology and style used in Automation and Communication. It also presents a general idea about the main characteristics of Automation and Communication. The guidelines presented herein intended to help you translate Automation and Communication. e welcome your feedback !uestions and suggestions regarding this style guide.

T'e (ind of )or( )e 'andle in t'is group

e mainly handle the works related to products of communications and automation The communications work is always divided to manuals and software part If we to speak about manuals they are divided into the following sections% Product name page and issue num0er *egal copyrig'ts page T1C 2Ta0le of Contents3 Introduction T'e 0ody te-t for t'e manual Instructions for use Care and maintenance Inde-

Together with these manuals we handle the software part for products related to communication this part is considered the applicable part in our work. In this part we mainly deal with the product closer as we can translate the 4I for this product The 4I terms are the keys terms used to handle a function in the product as% Clic( the file menu to open a ne) page Here the bold words are 4I terms that they handle a function by function through the menus of the product. These 4I terms here in our group are dealt with from the hicrosoft trend so almost z of the translation for these terms follows the translation of hicrosoft glossary.

Terminology
T'e usage of Automation and Communication glossary

1 An important part of Automation and Communication translation is learning the technical terms for communications and mechanical engineering in addition to the way to apply these terms in the appropriate place. Automation and Communication Terms should be carefully looked up in the relevant dictionaries. @othing better can highlight this point than the word lcell broadcastm it has !uite different meaning in Automation and Communication field i.e. it is the transmission of the network in communication as hobile industry. Terms 6ell broadcast 6 /ormal Englis' &Yb7) XD Automation and Communication Glossary 6 &-_>7) r/8*2

2 horeover some Automation and Communication terms have different meaning when used in the various conventional te"t. gor e"ample the word l#tandby timem means l)E'<8) FG9m while used as l*/<1) FG9m in communication translation. T'e usage of *atin terms #ome {atin terms have become indispensable means of e"pressing ideas for which there are no convenient $nglish counterparts. $"amples include A| $ |4 |I@ |# #Ih |g A@ HTh{ although these terms can be translated according to there meanings but we can use them as they are in $nglish language. +sage of t'e product names ne of the basics for the Autocomm translation is to keep the format and the language of the company name as is in its source language as a way for the propaganda campaign for the company and as this name is the trade mark for this company also as with #iemens you can see the importance for keeping the company name in $nglish within the localiwed te"t as in% .;. &Yb\) Siemens I/:*/D =), q,: %K7/<7) r/QW7) K. /WR 9S ./C /W^ _8/N: c7) Hb8\) H[ Sony Ericsson PC T1 a^/[ E': .Nokia &R,>7 /<be]C /<:*/e^ /<CsO Nokia

Connecting

%K7/<7) r/QW7) K. /WR /j :S 9S People 9 Nokia E'^

Also we ought to keep the $nglish name for the product name for the same reason as with %the products of @okia .H^HbD &YN;^ TOE: .)H<C a^/0D r as in #ony $ricsson%

S+- Image 4ie)er p/0 iYH^ P-W:

%6Stic( ,uo

p), F:/D/eYC 1f q72 /0<'8 iM^ +,R)J qbO P5!! a^/07) H<U:

This way helps spreading the product and it is closely related to a psychological side that mans eye is taken with the $nglish word written within Arabic te"t. +sage of ,isplay Te-t terms The 6ommunication field characteriwed by the 4sage of isplay te"t terms which is the basic feature in the translation of mobile works as they are the screen items that appears on the mobile display. These T must be short and specific as we are controlled by the siwe |red. message +[/ &7/8*

However we can use part of a word to e"press the whole as a result of the small siwe on the screen as with% hin. x FUTURE GLOBE, Automation and Communication atabase should be strictly followed during translation process unless re!uired otherwise. #hould the terms not found in this database please consult with FUTURE GLOBE reviewers.

*anguage
Automation and Communication translation The automation translation should be specific as much as possible and to the point even there must be technical and mechanical background to be able to translate this kind of work we mean to have contacts with the !ualified personnel in this field via the internet and the magawines in addition to meetings with the mechanical engineers if needed. enerally Automation and Communication avoid using the literary language as much as you can as it take you out of the way to convey the meaning in specific way and break the international usage of the term. Pronouns Traditionally one of the main characteristics of Automation and Communication is the controlled usage of the pronouns as `ou theyetc as the manual should be e"pressed in general way not to address the reader e"cept when you ask the user to follow some steps to do something i.e.

7@A9:BCD E SI. 789:; <9=>? )J2 .7) ),</D &/7) &C/07) I/1/Y_7) YW /0YbO ie]C #Ih &G/D &CE7) 9C ,.H: .&N>t )HL &:S 1S9 u*/b7 ,YnM7) =e7) 1/. Z/W<() &G/D TeUD #Ih &G/D FWb]^

.T0]7) /e^) K. qbOS q72 =/n7) dU8) /0'.)9 ZFGHI 9J K LMN r/M^) HC H-: S qbO &U<k7) K. #Ih &G/D itS HW7) K. &.H>W7) &:9)7) S ER^ ZiC/U7) ik8S /01/-C K. ,;<]^ S q72 .,D .YUM7) ./01/-C K. ,;<]^ S q72 ik87 n) T~ Za^/07) it) i(/C i->D &:*/_7) itS

.u*/b7 &:*/_7) dU8) T~ /C\) }_;C qbO n) Z&:*/_7) u),t ./01/-C K. ,;<]^ q<L ik87 n) T~ Zqbk]7) &./U7) K. &:*/_7) itS

Here you can see the usage of the pronouns and the order form to do something. Automation and Communication advertising )ay Automation and Communication translation may tend to use the advertising way in as with the translation of brochure where you must use your words in other style as with the following part taken from the a brochure prepared for some new mobile version for other company
ODP K @PQ 9G K R9S TUVDWXC 9YZ[9JR %abc d9eC9UeCD fDWQ? >WLN gN Whij kC lY^@ \R9JCD m9i Dn? oV9p A9ZM=q r[?s % ```` \R9S ]A9ZM=D 9[P^_@ kR9_eC f9Gu? 7Z[9UN? gv wxc yz@WNs {D|Q TZe}R ~N y7h@PCD 7ZYbMCD rZC? pR 9N Pj ``` tDW:CD Fhe@ %rZv 7Z}XCD %rC 9} K Z}= 7ee}eCD d9beCDs \R9JCD d9Z[9UN? v NPeCD WbCD D|S <w= gN W^R %P@PLCD \R9JC9; 9MeMHqD kC YeM[s

Also t'is part reflects t'is concept in t'e Automation field# ('# & $% !"# % ---- 8(9& /7# ---- 56 1234 /0 %!-. , # +*) A(, .:6?> @ 4# =<; 7 : 5 " $% (', H?"! % - G" F# $ !" DE!? # 8 =BC# $% 5((J@ !, ?3 8(9 /0 .)97* ) 1I) .)' *4

Format
,ate The standard date format for Arabic {anguage is ayhonth`ear e.g. 2v323 Time
The standard time format for Arabic language is seconds% minutes% Hours e.g. %?%

.easurements As a general rule units of measurements should be translated unless otherwise specified. 6onvert to appropriate units of measure e.g. inches centimeters etc e may use some terms as igabyte hegabyte and hegahertw which generally transliterated as in $nglish pronouncing i.e. Gega0yte .ega0yte /um0er
$umeralsn yse the same number format used in the English source. of the English uses Arabic numbers, use cindi numbers. of the number is written in letters, use Arabic letters. $otice that numbers are indefinite, so please add 63.9 to the word that the number refers to. (6efer to page9 d can be translated as xd j=+-. 1^.x, for e"ample2. or chapter titles, write the numbers in letters even if the English chapter number is written in numbers.

@9;9LZQ @9;9LZN

If the number comes after the noun it describes it becomes an ad5ective and should have the same gender of the noun. e say r9\) iMk7) but we say &Y1/Q7) +H7) ecimal points becomes decimal commas

Punctuation 4se dashes in Arabic. 6hange punctuation of $nglish in Arabic if necessary Try to keep the format of the source as possible as you can. $ach page of the target language should start and end e"actly likes its e!uivalent in the source language. Spacing gollow the rule% @o space before one space after% comma Z full stop . colon % ash semi colon and !uestion mark

Automation and Communication style

Sentence structure 4sing of computer terms 4sually legal and business sentence are !uite short and specific even we can use the hicrosoft glossary terms as basis for our translation especially in 6ommunication field as this field becomes closely related to computer field even one can found close relation between mobile and computer now and there are many versions of mobiles e!uipped with software applications used to help connecting to the computer to provide the user with new features when using the mobile i.e. Image 4ie)er modem options sound converter application% """ \R9JC A}CD W@WR 7Z[9UN? Image Converter N9[W; zZM@ #o you can see many terms as% Save File indo) elp G \N A9? d9eZ^R

Consistency Translation should be consistent. This could be achieved by using the same glossary linguistic rules and patterns and following the same style.

Future Glo0e Translation ,epartment *iterature Translation Guidelines C'ec(list

y delivering the final files to the |h you are acknowledging that these files are consistent with the following guidelines. gailing to implement any of these guidelines for reasons that you can not control should be raised to the |h or your manager in the suitable time. If this is not reported you bear the full responsibility. `ou will notice that there is no check mark place available for you to put the check mark. The reason is that you will not be delivering this document with your final delivery. Its main task is to help you deliver !uality translated work. `ou know we are seeking high !uality and all the following guidelines help us in our !uest. This document is divided into three parts% eneral uidelines #oftwarespecific uidelines Help and ocumentation specific uidelines All these parts should be read carefully and must be followed strictly before delivering any translated work to revision. |lease take into consideration that this is not everything. There might be more items that might be important for a translator to check before delivering the final file. Thus it is a start that contains most of the re!uirements. e will also wait for your cooperation to complete

items that we need. In the future there will be more updated versions of this document Inshaa Allah. Any update will be sent to you.

|art I% eneral uidelines 1. The overall meaning of the source te"t is rendered accurately. 2. {iteral translation is avoided. Target te"t rendered has the taste of Arabic te"t. 3. #oftware items translation is consistent between help and software. If software is not localiwed then the #oftware references should be left in $nglish. ?. 6lient terminology and glossaries are used and if there are no glossaries sent from the client guture lobes terminology have been used. . Arabic grammar has been checked and there are no Arabic linguistic errors. f. Arabic |unctuation rules are followed according to the rules set by the clients or guture lobes style guide. v. #pelling has been well checked. z. Target format bolding italiciwing resembles the format of the source te"t. . eneral terminology and style are consistent. 1. 6lients style guide has been strictly followed and if client does not have a style guide then guture lobes style guide is followed. 11. 6lients instructions are followed. And if there is any feedback it should be implemented. 12. eference material has been checked and read and if there are any instructions contained within them they should be strictly applied. 13. Te"t has been accurately translated. @o rong translations can be found. 1?. Translated te"t is technically accurate and clear. 1. All te"t is translated nothing is left untranslated unless as re!uested by the client.

1f. All translator comments have been removed from the translated te"t. 1v. The new terms sheet has been created and the glossary has been updated with these latest terms. 1z. #ource file names have not been changed. 1. All files we received from the client re!uiring translation are delivered back. @o files are missing. 2. ## has been used to receive and deliver the files to the |h. 21. @o rubbish or abnormal te"t is left in the target final deliverable te"t. 22. `ou have read the translated te"t after finishing to make sure nothing is vague or abnormal. 23. All deliverables the client re!uires are delivered on the ##. 2?. ueries are raised when necessary and any answer to them have been implemented globally and consistently. 2. Any regional settings have been localiwed to suit the Arabic language. 2f. gile name and file e"tensions are not translated.

|art II% Help and ocumentation specific uidelines 1. 6odes or tags like HTh{ codes and tags are not translated. However some of these codes and tags might be localiwed left and ltr for e"ample. 2. Inde" file has been reinde"ed or resorted according to the Arabic language rules. 3. Target format bolding italiciwing resembles the format of the source te"t. ?. eferences to titles or headings from other localiwed components such as online help files or sample files are accurate and consistent. . 6ultural references or e"amples have been correctly adapted to the target language or country. f. Help links should be complete accurate consistent and should 5ump to the correct Help topic. v. o#ee Alsoo and o#eeo references should be localiwed correctly and accurately. z. All art callouts are translated consistently with other contents. . @o Trados tags are left uncleaned in the cleaned final files. 1. {ists are correctly numbered. 11. HelpHTh{ A have been run on the final files and proved that these files are high !uality deliverables. 12. T6 items are consistent with contents. 13. ocument settings {ike tabs margins paper siwe paragraph spacing are not changed |art III% #oftwarespecific uidelines 1. @o additional leading or trailing spaces are left in the target files.

2. There are no placeholders missing. All placeholders are in the right arrangement. 3. There are no hotkey conflicts. ?. Hotkeys chosen are consistent with the standard criteria of hotkeys defined in guture #oft style guide. . If there are any tests re!uired before delivery they must have been done. f. #oftware items translation is consistent between help and software. If software is not localiwed then the #oftware references should be left in $nglish. v. ialog bo"es and error messages display correctly without truncation. z. The ampersand character is totally avoided in translated te"t unless it e"ists in the source te"t.