Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources
Videos "The Full "I Have a Dream Speech" by Martin Luther King, Jr. from 1963. [VIDEO]." The Full "I Have a Dream Speech" by Martin Luther King, Jr. from 1963. [Video]. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2013. <http://www.dump.com/dreamspeech/> This website had Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech. Kennedy, John F. "Address about Civil Rights." Speech. YouTube. Youtube.com, 8 Oct. 2008. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rS4Qw4lIckg> This speech was about the civil rights bill. John F. Kennedy gave this speech because of two deaths on a college campus. These people were born African American which is the reason why they were killed. John F. Kennedy gives his opinion about segregation and racism throughout America and equal rights to African Americans. President Lyndon B. Johnson Remarks upon Signing the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Perf. Lyndon B Johnson. YouTube. Youtube.com, 18 Apr. 2011. Web. 14 Dec. 2013. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=87VEEi4Aa3g> This video is about Lyndon B. Johnson and his remarks on the civil rights bill. He talks about how all people were born equal but are not treated equal due to the color of their skin. He says what the laws are and what they do saying it ends division between the people giving more respect to those people.

"Rosa Parks Interview." Interview by Mery Griffin. Rosa Parks Interview (Mery Griffin Show 1983). Youtube.com, 26 June 2012. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3h6s9jxZtE> This interview informed us about Rosa Parks and her contribution to the civil rights movement. It also informed us about how sweet and kind of a woman Rosa Parks is. In the interview she gave us her story of the historical day that she told the bus driver that she would not move for a white man. She gave us her opinion and feeling about the segregated drinking fountains and bathrooms and many more. YouTube. By Katie. Perf. Katie, Michelle, Dynisty, and Scott. Civil Rights Act of 1964 Video. YouTube, 20 Jan. 2009. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2QjiQzqLEYQ> This video was a documentary of the civil rights act of 1964. It gave a factual background of what happened during that time and the important people that supported and helped the civil rights. It talked about what each person did and the event that they had done that had pushed the civil rights forward.

Secondary Sources
Books Carwadine, Richard. Lincoln: A Life of Purpose and Power. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2006. Print. This book taught a lot about the life of Abraham Lincoln and his reasoning behind the idea of abolishing slavery.

Crane, Stephen. The Red Badge of Courage. New York, NY: Barnes and Noble, 2003. Print. This book tells a realistic fiction of a boy in the Civil War. It tells about the bloody battles of the Civil War. The Civil War was a huge event that led to the Civil Rights Movement. Movies The Butler. Dir. Lee Daniels. By Danny Strong and Wil Haygood. Perf. Forest Whitaker, Oprah Winfrey, Lenny Kravitz, John Cusack, Mariah Carey, David Banner. The Weinstein Company, 2013. Film. This movie, based on a true story, displays the civil rights movement very accurately. It is told in the point of view of someone who was actually part of the Civil Rights Movement. Videos Civil Rights Movement Video." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 29 Dec. 2013. <http://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/videos#blacksin-the-military> This video showed us how the native Americans helped forward the civil rights movement. They all fought hard in order to achieve their goals. Websites "1964 Civil Rights Act." 1964 Civil Rights Act. History Learning Site, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/1964_civil_rights_act.htm> This website talks about how John F. Kennedy was president and what his importance was. After his assassination, Lyndon B. Johnson took over and

pushed forward the civil rights act. In this passage other important figures, such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X, are mentioned that helped with the civil rights movement. "American Civil Rights Movement." Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/119368/American-civil-rightsmovement> This has 7 pages that informed us about the Movement. Each paragraph has descriptive facts and proof of the events that occurred. They also include years in each pages and pictures that shows who majorly contributed to the movement. "The American Civil Rights Movement." ThinkQuest. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://library.thinkquest.org/07aug/00117/civilrights.html> This Website was useful because it was simple, and it explained well the concepts of the civil rights movement. Baggins, Brian. "Black Panther Party." Black Panther Party. N.p., 2002. Web. 13 Dec. 2013. <http://www.marxists.org/history/usa/workers/black-panthers/> This website taught us about The Black Panthers. This group acted as bodyguards for minority communities. The group strongly believed in the same things as the late Malcolm X. These men walked around California fully armed which at the time was and still is illegal. Immediately they were all arrested. "Best of History Web Sites." Civil Rights Movement. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.besthistorysites.net/index.php/american-history/1900/civil-rights>

This website has information about the Civil Rights Movement. They also include links for the different events. "Booker T. Washington Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2013. <http://www.biography.com/people/booker-t-washington-9524663> Booker T. Washington was born into a slave family. From that moment on he knew that he was going to be a slave. But what he didn't know was that his mother and he would be free after the civil war. His mother soon married a poor white man. Because of this, Booker had to work in the mines instead of going to class. Eventually, Booker did get a proper education by walking 500 miles. Brunner, Borgna, and Elissa Haney. Infoplease.com. Pearson Education, n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://www.infoplease.com/spot/civilrightstimeline1.html> This website includes timelines of all the events before, during, and after The Civil Rights Movement that all pertained to African-American rights. They show pictures and exact years of each event and include information on each event. This website had extra information of the important people of that event. The website also includes bonus links to different information. Brunner, Borgna. "Heroes of the Civil Rights Movement." Infoplease. Infoplease, n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://www.infoplease.com/spot/bhmheroes1.html> This website was useful because it told us about famous people of the Civil Rights movement and what they did. Carson, Clayborne. "Civil Rights Movement." History.com. Ed. Eric Foner and John A. Garraty. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement>

This website informed us about what the civil rights movement was and the events that occurred during that time. It showed us facts and proof about each event and who started them. This website talks about the famous people in the civil rights movement, what they did, and the importance of what they did to help. "Civil Rights." Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/civil rights?s=t> This website told us what civil rights were with the direct definition. Civil Rights." The: Survey of Collections and Repositories. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.loc.gov/folklife/civilrights/> This website has information about the Civil Rights Movement. It has 3 long descriptive paragraphs with facts telling us what happened in each event. Each one contains events, links, and what happened. "Civil Rights Act (1964)." Our Documents-. Ourdocuments.gov, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2013. <http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc,php?flash=true> This website has images of documents regarding the civil rights act. Some images were an important part of the civil rights act. "Civil Rights Act of 1964." Civil Rights Act of 1964. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://mlkkpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_civil_rights_act_of _1964/> This website talks about how John F. Kennedy wanted to pass on the civil rights bill. It also talks about how the law started and was passed on after Kennedy's

death by Martin Luther King Jr. This website also includes links that integrate other information about civil rights. "Civil Rights Act of 1964." Civil Rights Act of 1964. US History, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h3947.html> This website talks about the civil rights and how it gave people equal rights that everyone else had. It also forbade people to discriminate a person based on their sex, race, religion, color, or national origin. Democrats were opposed to the measure and tried to defeat it. This website also talks about legislation. "The Civil Rights Act of 1964." The Civil Rights Act of 1964. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Dec. 2013. <http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/about/history/CivilRightsAct.cfm> This is a government owned website about the Civil Rights Movement. It contained a brief summary of what happened during the civil rights movement. It has information on dates on when each main event during the civil rights movement happened. Civil Rights Act of 1964. 2013. The History Channel website. N.p., n.d.28 Nov. 2013. <http://www.history.com/videos/civil-rights-act-of-1964> This video shows how the people were treated before the law was passed and it also includes who passed the law and other important people during that time. It talked about what the law did and how it helped. Civil Rights Act of 1964." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/primary-resources/lbjcivilrights/>

This website showed the historic law that gave equality to all Americans which was called the civil rights act. It showed how the law changed how people lived and what they were and were not allowed to do. "Civil Rights Act of 1964 Explained." Civil Rights Act Of 1964. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2014. <http://civil.laws.com/civil-rights-act-of-1964> This website gave a lot of information about the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which ended segregation and other forms of racism towards African-Americans. "The Civil Rights Era." African American Odyssey: (Part 1). N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart9.html> I chose this source because it talks about the entire time period of the civil rights movement. "The Civil Rights Era (18651970)." SparkNotes. SparkNotes, n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2013. <http://www.sparknotes.com/history/american/civilrights/terms.html> This website was an overview of who the important people were during the civil rights movement. It also talks about the events that had happened during that time along with key terms of the movement. "Civil Rights Movement." About.com American History. Americanhistory.about.com, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://americanhistory.about.com/od/civilrights/Civil_Rights_Movement.htm> This website has a short mini biography about Martin Luther King Jr. that shows his major achievements on how he played his role in the Civil Rights Movement. It has an overview of the Civil Rights Legislation, Supreme court cases, and activities.

"The Civil Rights Movement." Calisphere -. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.calisphere.universityofcalifornia.edu/themed_collections/subtopic6a. html> This website has an overview on the Civil Rights Movement. They have images of every person that majorly impacted the movement. They also included each biography of each person. "The Civil Rights Movement." CNN. Cable News Network, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.cnn.com/EVENTS/1997/mlk/links.html> This is a timeline website that has the years and dates of each event that happened in the Civil Rights Movement. It also has a short biography of the struggles of Rosa Parks. They also include extra links related to the Civil Rights Movement. "Civil Rights Movement." - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum. JOHN F. KENNEDY PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM, n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/Civil-Rights-Movement.aspx> This website explained President Kennedy's interference in the Civil Rights Movement. "Civil Rights Movement." TheFreeDictionary.com. Legaldictionary.thefreedictionary.com, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://legaldictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Civil Rights Movement> This website shows what people did during the Civil Rights Movement. They also included the heroes such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks and wrote

short biographies about them. They also showed on how the Civil Rights Movement was created and developed. "Civil Rights Movement: Desegregation." Civil Rights Movement: Desegregation. Shmoop.com, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.shmoop.com/civil-rightsdesegregation/> This website was written in an entertaining way for students to learn about The Civil Rights Movement. It has 5 pages of information with numerous facts and timelines in each new topic. It tells us the importance of the movement and why we should even care. It showed us all the different ways people contributed to the movement and the different event that happened. "Civil Rights Movements." Civil Rights Movements. Chicago Historical Society, 2005. Web. 29 Dec. 2013. <http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/293.html> This website talks about the civil rights movement and how the African Americans had to fight for their equal rights that the whites got. Then it shows that they could vote for civil rights so the people could all be equal. Throughout the paragraphs are images of what happened during some of those times. "CongressLink." CongressLink RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Dec. 2013.<http://www.congresslink.org/print_basics_histmats_civilrights64text.htm> This website has detailed information during the civil rights act in 1964. It informs us of social conditions of the native Americans, political factors of many perspective sides, and more.

Council on Foreign Relations. Council on Foreign Relations, n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://www.civilwar.org/150th-anniversary/emancipation-proclamation-150.html> This website teaches about the Civil War and how it was related to the Civil Rights Movement. Davis, Jack E. "Teachers." Scholastic Teachers. Scholastic Inc., n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/article/civil-rights-movementoverview> This was a reliable website that gave a basic overview of what the Civil Rights Movement was about. "Harriet Tubman." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p1535.html> This website is a biography of Harriet Tubman. Harriet was an Underground Railroad conductor and she would be a cook, nurse, and spy during the Civil War. "Harriet Tubman Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://www.biography.com/people/harriet-tubman-9511430> This website had a video that talked about Harriets life. The website also includes background information about herself and the important events that she has done that made a difference. "Harry Truman and Civil Rights." Harry Truman and Civil Rights. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/Harry_Truman_civil_rights.htm> This website tells about President Harry Truman's involvement in the Civil Rights Movement.

History of the Civil Rights. History of Civil Rights Movement. YouTube, 02 Feb. 2011. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=URxwe6LPvkM> This video informed us about the history of the civil rights movement. It gave us a broad point of view about the movement and how African Americans did not get equality even after a law passed about segregating white from blacks. After the bill passed about civil rights African Americans voted and ran for office but the violence continued. There were many deaths such as the ones of Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, and Robert Kennedy. "History of Civil Rights Laws." History of Civil Rights Laws. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.withylaw.com/history.htm> This website has a short timeline about each event that happened during the Civil Rights Movement. Each year has quotes and what happened in order. "The Kennedy's and Civil Rights." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/generalarticle/kennedys-and-civil-rights/> This website talks about the Kennedy's involvement in the Civil Rights Movement. It is detailed and reliable. King, Dr. Martin L., Jr. "I Have a Dream." Speech. Martin Luther King - I Have A Dream Speech - August 28, 1963. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. <http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/Civil-Rights-Movement.aspx> This website has 3 pages including information of the Civil Rights Movement. They all include years that go in order and facts in each event. They also added a picture that tells us who majorly contributed to the Civil Rights Movement.

King, Martin L., Jr. "Nonviolence and Racial Justice, 1957." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eyesontheprize/sources/ps_nonviolence.html> This is a copy of a speech Dr. King Jr. gave when he was a young reverend. In the speech he explained his view of racism in America and how to react to it in a peaceful manner. He also explains why they needed to react with peaceful protests. "Ku Klux Klan." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://www.history.com/topics/ku-klux-klan> This website talked about the Ku Klux Klan also known as KKK. This website shows when it had started and its effects. "Ku Klux Klan -- Extremism in America." Ku Klux Klan -- Extremism in America. Adl.org, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.adl.org/learn/ext_us/kkk/history.asp?LEARN_Cat=Extremism> This website shows the history of the Ku Klux Klan. They showed what they did during the Civil Rights Movement. They showed how they developed and grew into a large group. "The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights." The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights. The Leadership Conference Education Fund, n.d. Web. 29 Dec. 2013. <http://www.civilrights.org/archives/2009/07/481-cra.html> This website shows a short summary of the history during the civil rights movement. It talks about that civil rights becomes a confirmed law and the

people responsible for it. This website also talks about how it affected life afterwards. Lewis, John. "Patience Is a Dirty and Nasty Word." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 12 Jan 2014. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eyesontheprize/sources/ps_washington.html> This website provided a copy of a speech given by John Lewis. In this speech he mentions his theory of how the federal government was conspiring to ignore the issue of inequality. Loevy, Robert D. "A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964." A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964. Colorado College, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://faculty1.coloradocollege.edu/~bloevy/CivilRightsActOf1964/> This website was a brief history of the civil rights and those who contributed during that time. It talks about the importance of the civil rights and what its importance is. "Malcolm X." MalcolmX. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.malcolmx.com/about/bio.html> This is an official website about Malcolm X. This website is about a biography about him. They showed how his life was and the hardships he went through. The accomplishments he achieved and how he played his role during the Civil Rights Movement. "Martin Luther King Biography." Martin Luther King Jr. -. Nobelprize.org, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1964/kingbio.html>

This website includes a Biography about Martin Luther King Jr. They include all about his life, his life achievements, and how he majorly contributed to the Civil Rights Movement. They inform us how he got the Nobel Prize award for his accomplishments. McKinney, Stephanie L. "Malcolm X." About.com 20th Century History. About.com, n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2014. <http://history1900s.about.com/od/people/a/Malcolm-X.htm> Information given about Malcolm X and his importance in the Civil Rights Movement. It also gives a background on his childhood and early life. "The Montgomery Bus Boycott." Civil Rights Movement 1955-1965. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2013. <http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/civilrights-5565/montbus.html> This website informed us about the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The Boycott officially started on the first of December. The Boycott started because the blacks of Montgomery decided that they would not ride the bus until they could sit anywhere they wanted. The Boycott unofficially started when Rosa Parks would not move for a white man. Many people just tell it as the little people triumphing over the big evil forces. This boycott was an important start to the Civil Rights Movement. "National Geographic Education." The Underground Railroad. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/multimedia/interactive/theunderground-railroad/?ar_a=1>

This website is an interactive web page that brings you through how you would feel if you were on the underground railroad. It is filled with facts and it is fun. This website helped me understand how it felt to be on the underground railroad and all the risk and hard decisions you must make. "New Georgia Encyclopedia: Civil Rights Movement." New Georgia Encyclopedia: Civil Rights Movement. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2716> This website informed us about the civil rights movement. Many people from Atlanta joined together to fight against the Ku Klux Klan. It also informed us about the different protests in different parts of the country. Such as the protest during world war II. "New York Magazine." Daily Intel. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://nymag.com/daily/intel/2012/05/conservative-fantasy-history-of-civilrights.html> This website is about The Conservative Fantasy History of Civil Rights. It shows the conservative sides opinion on the Civil Rights Movement. Their facts and opinions are stated on this website. "Rosa Parks Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2014. <http://www.biography.com/people/rosa-parks-9433715> This website is about a biography about Rosa Parks. They showed how her life was and the hardships she went through in her childhood and throughout life. It also talks about what she has achieved and her role in the Civil Rights Movement.

"Rosa Parks Bus - The Story Behind the Bus." Rosa Parks Bus - The Story Behind the Bus. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.thehenryford.org/exhibits/rosaparks/story.asp> This website informed us about the bus boycott started by Rosa Parks. There are pictures for many sections. It tells of how Rosa Parks would not give up her seat to a white man which jump started the civil rights movement and started the Montgomery bus system boycott. It also informs us that two other women before Rosa Parks also got arrested for not giving up their seats for a white person. "Teaching With Documents: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission." The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Dec. 2013. <http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act/> This website thoroughly explains the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and how it impacts employment laws today. It said a law was passed in 1964. This law states that it is illegal to discriminate people based on their race, sex, creed, nationality, or age. Employers were not allowed to fire nor hire a person just because of the individual's race, sex creed, nationality, and age. "Thurgood Marshall." Thurgood Marshall. Library Congress, n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2013. <http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/marshallthrgd/aa_marshallthrgd_subj.html> This website includes a paragraph on the biography of Thurgood Marshall. He was a lawyer for the NAACA. He spent most of his life trying to promote civil rights and social justice and he helped win the desecration case.

"Thurgood Marshall: American Revolutionary - A Biography by Juan Williams." Thurgood Marshall: American Revolutionary - A Biography by Juan Williams. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://www.thurgoodmarshall.com/home.htm> This website is a biography of Thurgood Marshall. They show how he contributed a big part in the Civil Rights Movement. They have years and dates and facts on each accomplishment he achieved. Truman, Chris. "Lyndon Johnson." Lyndon Johnson. History Learning Site, 2000. Web. 14 Dec. 2013. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/Lyndon_Baines_Johnson.htm> This website is all about Lyndon Johnson, one of the most important people in the civil rights movement. This website shows the important events that he did. It also includes background information about his life. Vox, Lisa. "Civil Rights Act of 1964." African-American History. About.com, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2013. <http://afroamhistory.about.com/od/civilrightsstruggle1/a/CivilRightAct1964.htm> This website talks about the civil rights movement and the important figures that contributed to it. It also gives a clear background of what happened along with the information if the events that occurred.