Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
11-1
For the deep-groove 02-series ball bearing with R = 0.90, the design life x D , in multiples
of rating life, is
L
60D nD 60 25000 350
xD D
525 Ans.
LR
L10
106
The design radial load is
FD 1.2 2.5 3.0 kN
1/3
Eq. (11-6):
525
C10 3.0
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 ln 1/ 0.9
C 10 = 24.3 kN
Table 11-2:
Ans.
Ans.
1.483
3
______________________________________________________________________________
11-2
For the angular-contact 02-series ball bearing as described, the rating life multiple is
L
60D nD 60 40 000 520
xD D
1248
LR
L10
106
The design radial load is
1248
C10 1015
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 ln 1/ 0.9
______________________________________________________________________________
Table 11-2:
11-3
For the straight-roller 03-series bearing selection, x D = 1248 rating lives from Prob. 11-2
solution.
FD 1.4 2235 3129 lbf 13.92 kN
1248
C10 13.92
Table 11-3:
3/10
118 kN
Ans.
1.483
10/3
______________________________________________________________________________
11-4
The combined reliability of the two bearings selected in Probs. 11-2 and 11-3 is
Ans.
We can choose a reliability goal of 0.90 0.95 for each bearing. We make the
selections, find the existing reliabilities, multiply them together, and observe that the
reliability goal is exceeded due to the roundup of capacity upon table entry.
Another possibility is to use the reliability of one bearing, say R 1 . Then set the reliability
goal of the second as
R2
0.90
R1
or vice versa. This gives three pairs of selections to compare in terms of cost, geometry
implications, etc.
______________________________________________________________________________
11-5
1248
C10 1015
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 ln 1/ 0.95
1248
C10 13.92
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 ln 1/ 0.95
136.5 kN
RB exp
0.953
4.439
For the straight cylindrical roller bearing specified with a service factor of 1, R = 0.95 and
F R = 20 kN.
60D nD 60 8000 950
L
xD D
456
106
LR
L10
3/10
456
C10 20
145 kN
Ans.
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 ln 1/ 0.95
______________________________________________________________________________
11-7
Both bearings need to be rated in terms of the same catalog rating system in order to
compare them. Using a rating life of one million revolutions, both bearings can be rated
in terms of a Basic Load Rating.
1/ a
Eq. (11-3):
L
C A FA A
LR
8.96 kN
1/ a
n 60
FA A A
LR
3000 500 60
2.0
106
1/3
Bearing B already is rated at one million revolutions, so C B = 7.0 kN. Since C A > C B ,
bearing A can carry the larger load.
Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
11-8
1/3
LD
109
Eq. (11-3):
C10 FD
2 6 20 kN Ans.
10
LR
______________________________________________________________________________
11-9
12 000 350 60
n 60
Eq. (11-3):
C10 FD D D 800
5050 lbf Ans
106
LR
______________________________________________________________________________
1/ a
1/3
______________________________________________________________________________
1/ a
1/3
LD 10 400 400 60
249.6
LR
106
1/3
249.6
C10 1 650
Eq. (11-6):
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 ln 1/ 0.95
LD 108
100
LR 106
1/3
100
C10 1 9
Eq. (11-6):
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 ln 1/ 0.99
69.2 kN Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
LD 20 000 200 60
240
LR
106
1/3
240
C10 111
Eq. (11-6):
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 ln 1/ 0.99
11-14 From the solution to Prob. 3-68, the ground reaction force carried by the bearing at C is
R C = F D = 178 lbf. Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.
xD
LD 15000 1200 60
1080
LR
106
1/ a
Eq. (11-7):
xD
C10 a f FD
1/ b
x0 x0 1 RD
1/3
1080
C10 1.2 178
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.95
11-15 From the solution to Prob. 3-69, the ground reaction force carried by the bearing at C is
R C = F D = 1.794 kN. Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.
xD
LD 15000 1200 60
1080
LR
106
1/ a
Eq. (11-7):
xD
C10 a f FD
1/ b
x0 x0 1 RD
1/3
1080
C10 1.2 1.794
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.95
26.1 kN Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
11-16 From the solution to Prob. 3-70, R Cz = 327.99 lbf, R Cy = 127.27 lbf
1/ 2
2
2
RC FD 327.99 127.27 351.8 lbf
xD
LD 15000 1200 60
1080
LR
106
1/ a
Eq. (11-7):
xD
C10 a f FD
1/ b
xo xo 1 RD
1/3
1080
C10 1.2 351.8
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.95
2
2
RC FD 150.7 86.10 173.6 N
xD
LD 15000 1200 60
1080
106
LR
1/ a
Eq. (11-7):
xD
C10 a f FD
1/ b
x0 x0 1 RD
1/3
1080
C10 1.2 173.6
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.95
2520 N Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
RA FD 4442 23842
1/2
2425 N 2.425 kN
Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608. The design speed is equal to
the speed of shaft AD,
d
125
nD F ni
191 95.5 rev/min
dC
250
xD
LD 12 000 95.5 60
68.76
LR
106
1/ a
Eq. (11-7):
xD
C10 a f FD
1/ b
x0 x0 1 RD
1/3
68.76
C10 1 2.425
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.95
11.7 kN Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
11-19 From the solution to Prob. 3-79, R Az = 54.0 lbf, R Ay = 140 lbf
RA FD 54.02 1402
1/2
150.1 lbf
Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608. The design speed is equal to
the speed of shaft AD,
d
10
nD F ni 280 560 rev/min
dC
5
xD
Eq. (11-7):
LD 14 000 560 60
470.4
LR
106
xD
C10 a f FD
1/ b
x0 x0 1 RD
1/ a
3/10
470.4
C10 1150.1
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.98
0.357
VFr 1.2 7
Since this is greater than e, interpolating Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.088, we obtain
X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.53.
Eq. (11-9):
Ans.
(b) Use Eq. (11-7) to determine the necessary rated load the bearing should have to carry
the equivalent radial load for the desired life and reliability. Use the Weibull
parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.
xD
LD 10 000 500 60
300
LR
106
1/ a
xD
Eq. (11-7): C10 a f FD
1/ b
x0 x0 1 RD
300
C10 1 9.29
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.95
73.4 kN
1/3
From Table 11-2, the 65 mm bearing is rated for 55.9 kN, which is less than the
necessary rating to meet the specifications. This bearing should not be expected to meet
the load, life, and reliability goals.
Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
11-21 (a) Fa 2 kN, Fr 5 kN, nD 400 rev/min, V 1
From Table 11-2, 30 mm bore, C 10 = 19.5 kN, C 0 = 10.0 kN
F a / C 0 = 2 / 10 = 0.2
From Table 11-1, 0.34 e 0.38.
Fa
2
0.4
VFr 1 5
Since this is greater than e, interpolating Table 11-1, with F a / C 0 = 0.2, we obtain X 2 =
0.56 and Y 2 = 1.27.
Ans.
Eq. (11-9): Fe X iVFr Yi Fa 0.56 1 5 1.27 2 5.34 kN
F e > F r so use F e .
(b) Solve Eq. (11-7) for x D .
C
xD 10
a f FD
1/ b
x0 x0 1 RD
19.5
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.99 1/1.483
xD
1 5.34
xD 10.66
xD
LD D nD 60
LR
106
10.66 10 444 h
xD 106
Ans.
nD 60 400 60
______________________________________________________________________________
Eq. (11-3):
L
C10 FD D
LR
1/3
109
8 6
10
80 kN
LD 10 000 400 60
240
LR
106
Eq. (11-7):
xD
C10 a f FD
1/ b
xo xo 1 RD
1/ a
1/3
240
C10 1 8
82.5 kN
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.99
F a / C 0 = 2 / 53 = 0.038
0.22 e 0.24
Fa
2
0.25 e
VFr 1 8
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.038 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.89.
Table 11-1:
Eq. (11-9):
Eq. (11-7):
240
C10 1 8.26
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.99
1/3
85.2 kN
Table 11-2: Move up to the 90 mm bore with C 10 = 95.6 kN, C 0 = 62.0 kN.
Iterate again:
F a / C 0 = 2 / 62 = 0.032
Again, 0.22 e 0.24
Fa
2
0.25 e
VFr 1 8
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.032 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.95.
Table 11-1:
Eq. (11-9):
240
Eq. (11-7):
C10 1 8.38
86.4 kN
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.99
Eq. (11-3):
L
C10 Fe D
LR
1/3
108
10.3 6
10
47.8 kN
0.313 e
VFr 1.2 8
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.107 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.46
Table 11-1:
Eq. (11-9):
108
Eq. (11-3):
C10 9.76 6 45.3 kN
10
From Table 11-2, we have converged on the 60 mm bearing. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
LD 12 000 300 60
216
LR
106
Eq. (11-7):
xD
C10 a f FD
1/ b
x0 x0 1 RD
1/ a
1/3
216
C10 113.75
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.95
97.4 kN
0.27 e 0.28
Fa
5
0.5 e
VFr 110
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.072 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.62 1.63
Since this is where we started, we will converge back to the same bearing. The 95 mm
bore meets the requirements. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
11-26 Note to the Instructor. In the first printing of the 9th edition, the design life was
incorrectly given to be 109 rev and will be corrected to 108 rev in subsequent printings.
We apologize for the inconvenience.
Fr 9 kN, Fa 3 kN, V 1.2, R 0.99
Use the Weibull parameters for Manufacturer 2 on p. 608.
xD
LD 108
100
LR 106
Eq. (11-9):
Eq. (11-7):
xD
C10 a f FD
1/ b
x0 x0 1 RD
1/ a
1/3
100
C10 110.9
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 1 0.99
83.9 kN
From Table 11-2, try 90 mm bore with C 10 = 95.6 kN, C 0 = 62.0 kN. Try this bearing.
Iterate the previous process:
F a / C 0 = 3 / 62 = 0.048
0.24 e 0.26
Fa
3
0.278 e
VFr 1.2 9
Interpolate Table 11-1 with F a / C 0 = 0.048 to obtain X 2 = 0.56 and Y 2 = 1.79
Table 11-1:
Eq. (11-9):
11.4
83.9 87.7 kN
10.9
From Table 11-2, this converges back to the same bearing. The 90 mm bore meets the
requirements. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
C10
2
RC FD 183.12 861.5 881 lbf
15000 1200 60
L
xD D
1080
LR
106
1/3
1080
Eq. (11-7): C10 1.2 881
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 1 0.95
(b) Results will vary depending on the specific bearing manufacturer selected. A general
engineering components search site such as www.globalspec.com might be useful as
a starting point.
______________________________________________________________________________
2
RC FD 259.32 208.5 333 lbf
15000 1200 60
L
xD D
1080
106
LR
1/3
1080
Eq. (11-7): C10 1.2 333
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 1 0.95
12 000 900 60
L
xD D
648
LR
106
1/3
648
Eq. (11-7): C10 1.2 13.7
204 kN Ans.
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 1 0.98
(b) Results will vary depending on the specific bearing manufacturer selected. A general
engineering components search site such as www.globalspec.com might be useful as
a starting point.
______________________________________________________________________________
RC FD 50832 4942
xD
1/2
5106 N 5.1 kN
LD 12 000 900 60
648
LR
106
1/3
648
Eq. (11-7): C10 1.2 5.1
76.1 kN Ans.
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 1 0.98
(b) Results will vary depending on the specific bearing manufacturer selected. A general
engineering components search site such as www.globalspec.com might be useful as
a starting point.
______________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 11, Page 13/28
Pz 8 28 224 lbf
Py 8 35 280 lbf
T 224 2 448 lbf in
T x 448 1.5 F cos 20 0
448
F
318 lbf
1.5 0.940
2
2
RA 482 5.24
z
z
z
F RO Pz RA F cos 20 0
482 lbf
2
2
RO 40.9 166
171 lbf
735
C10 578
1/1.483
0.02 4.459 0.02 ln 1/ 0.96
From Table 11-2, a 40 mm bore angular contact bearing is sufficient with a rating of
Chapter 11, Page 14/28
31.9 kN.
Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
11-32 For a combined reliability goal of 0.95, use 0.95 0.975 for the individual bearings.
xD
40 000 420 60
106
1008
1008
From Table 11-2, select an 02-55 mm angular-contact ball bearing with a basic load
rating of 46.2 kN. Ans.
At B:
3/10
Eq. (11-6):
1008
From statics,
T = (270 50) = (P 1 P 2 )125
= (P 1 0.15 P 1 )125
P 1 = 310.6 N,
P 2 = 0.15 (310.6) = 46.6 N
P 1 + P 2 = 357.2 N
FAy 357.2 sin 45 252.6 N FAz
M
F
M
F
z
O
y
O
RO
163.4
RE
89.2
174.4 196 N
107 2 195 N
2
The radial loads are nearly the same at O and E. We can use the same bearing at both
locations.
xD
60 000 1500 60
106
5400
1/3
Eq. (11-6):
5400
C10 1 0.196
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 ln 1/ 0.9899
5.7 kN
From Table 11-2, select an 02-12 mm deep-groove ball bearing with a basic load rating
of 6.89 kN. Ans.
______________________________________________________________________________
11-34
R 0.96 0.980
T 12(240 cos 20 ) 2706 lbf in
F
2706
498 lbf
6 cos 25
In xy-plane:
In xz-plane:
181
RO 111.12 112
RC
xD
236 2
1/ 2
112 lbf
Ans.
1/ 2
297 lbf
Ans.
50000 300 60
106
900
1/3
C10 O
900
1.2 112
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 ln 1/ 0.980
1/3
C10 C
900
1.2 297
1/1.483
0.02 4.439 ln 1/ 0.980
Fr 36 2 67 2
1/ 2
3/10
Eq. (11-6):
900
10.1 kN
The smallest capacity bearing from Table 11-3 has a rated capacity of 16.8 kN.
Therefore, we select the 02-25 mm straight cylindrical roller bearing. Ans.
Bearing at A (angular-contact ball)
With a reliability of 1 for bearing B, we can achieve the combined reliability goal of 0.99
if bearing A has a reliability of 0.99.
Fr 36 2 2122
1/ 2
0.0392
C0 63.0
30000 500 60
xD
900
106
Table 11-1:
Eq. (11-9):
Eq. (11-6):
900
99.54 kN 90.4 kN
Trial #2:
Tentatively select a 02-90 mm angular-contact ball with C 10 = 106 kN and C 0 = 73.5 kN.
Fa 2.47
0.0336
C0 73.5
Table 11-1:
900
x 1
For F = 18 kN,
115 2000 60
106
13.8
The R = 0.20 locus is above and parallel to the R = 0.90 locus. For the two-parameter
Weibull distribution, x 0 = 0 and points A and B are related by [see Eq. (20-25)]:
x A ln 1/ 0.90
1/ b
(1)
xB ln 1/ 0.20
1/ b
ln ln 1/ 0.20 / ln 1/ 0.90
ln 600 /115
1.65
Ans.
xA
ln 1/ RA
1/1.65
1
ln 1/ 0.90
1/1.65
3.91
Ans.
xm 2 72
______________________________________________________________________________
11-37 This problem is rich in useful variations. Here is one.
Decision: Make straight roller bearings identical on a given shaft. Use a reliability goal of
(0.99)1/6 = 0.9983.
Shaft a
502
1/ 2
1/ 2
10752
10 000 1200 60
106
720
1/1.483
720
C10 1.2 5.28
0.080 26
0.080 26
0.3
97.2 kN
393
657 2
1/ 2
1/ 2
2436 lbf
766 lbf
or
or
Ans.
10.84 kN
3.41 kN
xD
10 000 240 60
106
144
144
C10 1.2 10.84
0.080 26
0.3
123 kN
417
8952
1/ 2
1/ 2
2632 lbf
987 lbf
or
or
Ans.
11.71 kN
4.39 kN
10 000 80 60
106
48
48
C10 1.2 11.71
0.080 26
0.3
95.7 kN
For a ball bearing, a = 3 and for an 02-30 mm angular contact bearing, C 10 = 20.3 kN.
9
K 8.365 10
L1 a
1.434 106 rev
3
18
F1
For a load of 30 kN, life L 2 is:
L2
0.310 10 rev
30
8.365 109
In this case, Eq. (6-57) the Palmgren-Miner cycle-ratio summation rule can be
expressed as
l1 l2
1
L1 L2
Substituting,
l2
200 000
1
6
1.434 10
0.310 106
l2
0.267 10 rev Ans.
6
______________________________________________________________________________
11-39 Total life in revolutions
Let:
l = total turns
f 1 = fraction of turns at F 1
f 2 = fraction of turns at F 2
From the solution of Prob. 11-38, L 1 = 1.434(106) rev and L 2 = 0.310(106) rev.
Palmgren-Miner rule:
l1 l2
fl f l
1 2 1
L1 L2 L1 L2
from which
l
1
f1 / L1 f 2 / L2
Ans.
Ans.
3.76 h Ans.
cycle 60 min/h
______________________________________________________________________________
FrA 560 lbf
FrB 1095 lbf
Fae 200 lbf
11-40
xD
LD 40 000 400 60
10.67
LR
90 106
R 0.90 0.949
Eq. (11-15):
Eq. (11-15):
175.5 lbf
KA
1.5
0.47 FrB 0.47 1095
FiB
343.1 lbf
KB
1.5
FiA
Eq. (11-7):
10.67
3/10
3607 lbf
Ans.
Select cone 32305, cup 32305, with 0.9843 in bore, and rated at 3910 lbf with K = 1.95.
Ans.
With bearing B selected, we re-evaluate the induced load from bearing B using the actual
value for K.
0.47 FrB 0.47 1095
Eq. (11-15): FiB
263.9 lbf
KB
1.95
Find the equivalent radial load for bearing A from Eq. (11-16), which still applies.
Eq. (11-16a): FeA 0.4 FrA K A FiB Fae
FeA FrA
Eq. (11-7):
10.67
3/10
3030 lbf
Tentatively select cone M86643, cup M86610, with 1 in bore, and rated at 3250 lbf with
K = 1.07. Iterating with the new value for K, we get F eA = 702 lbf and F rA = 2312 lbf.
Ans.
By using a bearing with a lower K, the rated load decreased significantly, providing a
higher than requested reliability. Further examination with different combinations of
bearing choices could yield additional acceptable solutions.
______________________________________________________________________________
11-41 The thrust load on shaft CD is from the axial component of the force transmitted through
the bevel gear, and is directed toward bearing C. By observation of Fig. 11-14, direct
mounted bearings would allow bearing C to carry the thrust load. Ans.
From the solution to Prob. 3-74, the axial thrust load is F ae = 362.8 lbf, and the bearing
radial forces are F Cx = 287.2 lbf, F Cz = 500.9 lbf, F Dx = 194.4 lbf, and F Dz = 307.1 lbf.
Thus, the radial forces are
FrC 287.22 500.9 2 577 lbf
FrD 194.4 2 307.12 363 lbf
181 lbf
Eq. (11-15): FiC
1.5
KC
0.47 FrD 0.47 363
114 lbf
Eq. (11-15): FiD
KD
1.5
Check the condition on whether to apply Eq. (11-16) or Eq. (11-17), where bearings C
and D are substituted, respectively, for labels A and B in the equations.
FiC ? FiD Fae
181 lbf 114 362.8 476.8 lbf, so Eq.(11-16) applies
Eq. (11-16a): FeC 0.4 FrC KC FiD Fae
0.4 577 1.5 114 362.8 946 lbf FrC , so use FeC
Assume for tapered roller bearings that the specifications for Manufacturer 1 on p. 608
are applicable.
xD
LD
108
1.11
LR 90 106
R 0.90 0.949
1.11
Eq. (11-7):
FRC 1 946
1/1.5
4.48 1 0.949
3/10
1130 lbf
Ans.
3/10
1.11
433 lbf Ans.
Eq. (11-7):
FRD 1 363
1/1.5
4.48 1 0.949
______________________________________________________________________________
11-42 The thrust load on shaft AB is from the axial component of the force transmitted through
the bevel gear, and is directed to the right. By observation of Fig. 11-14, indirect
mounted bearings would allow bearing A to carry the thrust load. Ans.
From the solution to Prob. 3-76, the axial thrust load is F ae = 92.8 lbf, and the bearing
radial forces are F Ay = 639.4 lbf, F Az = 1513.7 lbf, F By = 276.6 lbf, and F Bz = 705.7 lbf.
Thus, the radial forces are
FrA 639.4 2 1513.7 2 1643 lbf
FrB 276.62 705.7 2 758 lbf
515 lbf
KA
1.5
0.47 FrB 0.47 758
Eq. (11-15): FiB
238 lbf
1.5
KB
Check the condition on whether to apply Eq. (11-16) or Eq. (11-17).
FiA ? FiB Fae
515 lbf 238 92.8 330.8 lbf, so Eq.(11-17) applies
Notice that the induced load from bearing A is sufficiently large to cause a net axial force
to the left, which must be supported by bearing B.
Eq. (11-17a): FeB 0.4 FrB K B FiA Fae
0.4 758 1.5 515 92.8 937 lbf FrB , so use FeB
Assume for tapered roller bearings that the specifications for Manufacturer 1 on p. 608
are applicable.
Chapter 11, Page 25/28
6
LD 500 10
xD
5.56
LR
90 106
R 0.90 0.949
5.56
Eq. (11-7):
FRB 1 937
4.48 1 0.949 1/1.5
3/10
1810 lbf
Ans.
3/10
5.56
3180 lbf Ans.
Eq. (11-7):
FRA 11643
4.48 1 0.949 1/1.5
______________________________________________________________________________
11-43 The lower bearing is compressed by the axial load, so it is designated as bearing A.
FrA 25 kN
FrB 12 kN
Fae 5 kN
7.83 kN
KA
1.5
0.47 FrB 0.47 12
Eq. (11-15): FiB
3.76 kN
KB
1.5
Check the condition on whether to apply Eq. (11-16) or Eq. (11-17)
Eq. (11-15):
FiA
5 yrs
yr
hr day week
L
FRA a f FD D
LR
3/10
156 106
1.2 25
90 106
3/10
35.4 kN
Ans.
3/10
156
FRB 1.2 12
17.0 kN Ans.
90
______________________________________________________________________________
Eq. (11-3):
11-44 The left bearing is compressed by the axial load, so it is properly designated as bearing A.
FrA 875 lbf
FrB 625 lbf
Fae 250 lbf
Assume K = 1.5 for each bearing for the first iteration. Obtain the induced loads.
Eq. (11-15):
Eq. (11-15):
274 lbf
1.5
KA
0.47 FrB 0.47 625
FiB
196 lbf
KB
1.5
FiA
Eq. (11-3):
L
FRB a f FD D
LR
3/10
90 000 150 60
1 625
90 106
3/10
203 lbf
KB
1.45
Find the equivalent radial load for bearing A from Eq. (11-16), which still applies.
L
FRA a f FD D
LR
3/10
90 000 150 60
11030
90 106
3/10