PROBLEM 9.

81
Determine the moments of inertia and the product of inertia of the area of
Problem 9.73 with respect to new centroidal axes obtained by rotating the
x and y axes through
o
30 clockwise.

SOLUTION

From Problem 9.73,
6 4
138.24 10 mm
xy
I =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 1 2

x x x x x
I I I I I = + =

( )
4
2 120 mm
8

=




6 4
51.84 10 mm =

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 1 2

y y y y y
I I I I I = + =
( ) ( ) ( )
4 2 2
2 120 mm 120 mm 60 mm
8 2

= +




6 4
103.68 10 mm =
Have
( )
6 6 4
2 25.92 10 51.84 10 mm
x
I = =
and
( )
6 6 4
2 51.84 10 103.68 10 mm
y
I = =
Then
( )
6 4
1
77.76 10 mm
2
x y
I I + =
and
( )
6 4
1
25.92 10 mm
2
x y
I I =



PROBLEM 9.81 CONTINUED
Now, from Equations 9.18, 9.19, and 9.20
Equation 9.18:
( ) ( )
1 1
cos2 sin2
2 2
x x y x y xy
I I I I I I

= + +
( ) ( )
6 6 6 4
77.76 10 25.92 10 cos 60 138.24 10 sin 60 mm

=



6 4
323.29 10 mm =

6 4
or 323 10 mm
x
I =
Equation 9.19:
( ) ( )
1 1
cos 2 sin 2
2 2
y x y x y xy
I I I I I I

= + +
( ) ( )
6 6 6 4
77.76 10 25.92 10 cos 60 138.24 10 sin 60 mm

= + +



6 4
165.29 10 mm =
6 4
or 165.29 10 mm
y
I

=
Equation 9.20:
( )
1
sin2 cos2
2
x y x y xy
I I I I

= +
( ) ( )
6 6 4
25.92 10 sin 60 138.24 10 cos 60 mm

= +



6 4
139.64 10 mm =
4 4
or 139.6 10 mm
x y
I

=







PROBLEM 9.82
Determine the moments of inertia and the product of inertia of the area of
Problem 9.75 with respect to new centroidal axes obtained by rotating the
x and y axes through
o
60 counterclockwise.

SOLUTION

From Problem 9.75
6 4
1.5732 10 mm
xy
I =
Now ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 3
x x x x
I I I I = + +
where ( ) ( )( )
3
4
1
1
150 mm 12 mm 21 600 mm
12
x
I = =
and ( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )
3 2
2 3
1
12 mm 38 mm 12 mm 38 mm 25 mm
12
x x
I I = = +



4
339 872 mm =
Then ( )
4 4 6 4
21 600 2 339 872 mm 701 344 mm 0.70134 10 mm
x
I = + = =


Also
( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 3
y y y y
I I I I = + +
where
( ) ( )( )
3
6 4
1
1
12 mm 150 mm 3.375 10 mm
12
y
I = =
and
( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )
3 2
2 3
1
38 mm 12 mm 12 mm 38 mm 69 mm
12
y y
I I = = +



6 4
2.1765 10 mm =
Then ( ( )
6 4 6 4
3.375 2 2.1765 10 mm 7.728 10 mm
y
I = + =


Now
( )
6 4
1
4.2146 10 mm
2
x y
I I + =
and
( )
6 4
1
3.5133 10 mm
2
x y
I I =


PROBLEM 9.82 CONTINUED
Using Equations 9.18, 9.19, and 9.20
From Equation 9.18:
cos 2 sin 2
2 2
x y x y
x xy
I I I I
I I

+
= +


( )
( ) ( )
6 6 6 4
4.2147 10 3.5133 10 cos 120 1.5732 10 sin 120 mm

= +



6 4
4.6089 10 mm =
6 4
or 4.61 10 mm
x
I

=
From Equation 9.19:
cos 2 sin 2
2 2
x y x y
y xy
I I I I
I I

+
= +

( )
( ) ( )
6 6 6 4
4.2147 10 3.5133 10 cos 120 1.5732 10 sin 120 mm

= +



6 4
3.8205 10 mm =
6 4
or 3.82 10 mm
y
I

=
From Equation 9.20:
sin 2 cos 2
2
x y
x y xy
I I
I I


= +
( ) ( )
6 6 4
3.5133 10 sin 120 1.5732 10 cos 120 mm

= +



6 4
3.8292 10 mm =
6 4
or 3.83 10 mm
x y
I

=







PROBLEM 9.83
Determine the moments of inertia and the product of inertia of the
L76 51 6.4-mm angle cross section of Problem 9.74 with respect to
new centroidal axes obtained by rotating the x and y axes through
o
45
clockwise.

SOLUTION

From Problem 9.74
6 4
0.1596 10 mm
xy
I =
From Figure 9.13
6 4
0.166 10 mm
x
I =
6 4
0.453 10 mm
y
I =
Now
( )
6 4
1
0.3095 10 mm
2
x y
I I + =

( )
6 4
1
0.1453 10 mm
2
x y
I I =
Using Equations (9.18), (9.19), and (9.20)
Equation (9.18):
cos 2 sin 2
2 2
x y x y
x xy
I I I I
I I

+
= +

( )
( )
( )
( )
6 6 6 4
0.3095 10 0.1435 10 cos 90 0.1596 10 sin 90 mm

= +



6 4
0.1499 10 mm =
6 4
or 0.1499 10 mm
x
I

=


PROBLEM 9.83 CONTINUED
Equation (9.19):
cos 2 sin 2
2 2
x y x y
y xy
I I I I
I I

+
= +

( )
( )
( )
( )
6 6 6 4
0.3095 10 0.1435 10 cos 90 0.1596 10 sin 90 mm

= +



6 4
0.4691 10 mm =

6 4
or 0.469 10 mm
y
I

=
Equation (9.20):
sin 2 cos 2
2
x y
x y xy
I I
I I


= +
( ) ( )
6 6 4
0.1435 10 sin 90 0.1596 10 cos 90 mm

= +



6 4
0.1435 10 mm =
6 4
or 0.1435 10 mm
x y
I

=







PROBLEM 9.84
Determine the moments of inertia and the product of inertia of the
L5 3
1
2
-in. angle cross section of Problem 9.78 with respect to new
centroidal axes obtained by rotating the x and y axes through
o
30
counterclockwise.

SOLUTION

From Problem 9.78
4
2.8125 in
xy
I =
From Figure 9.13
4 4
9.45 in , 2.58 in
x y
I I = =
Now
( )
4
1
6.015 in
2
x y
I I + =
( )
4
1
3.435 in
2
x y
I I =
Using Equations (9.18), (9.19), and (9.20)
Equation (9.18): cos 2 sin 2
2 2
x y x y
x xy
I I I I
I I

+
= +
( ) ( )
4 4
6.015 3.435cos 60 2.8125sin 60 in 5.2968 in = + =


4
or 5.30 in
x
I

=
Equation (9.19): cos 2 sin 2
2 2
x y x y
y xy
I I I I
I I

+
= +
( ) ( )
4 4
6.015 3.435cos 60 2.8125sin 60 in 6.7332 in = + =


4
or 6.73 in
y
I

=
Equation (9.20): sin 2 cos 2
2
x y
x y xy
I I
I I


= +
( ) ( )
4 4
3.435sin 60 2.8125cos 60 in 4.3810 in = + =


4
or 4.38 in
x y
I

=






PROBLEM 9.85
For the quarter ellipse of Problem 9.67, determine the orientation of the
principal axes at the origin and the corresponding values of the moments
of inertia.

SOLUTION




From Problem 9.79:
4 4

8 2
x y
I a I a

= =
Problem 9.67:
4
1
2
xy
I a =
Now, Equation (9.25):
4
4 4
1
2
2
2
tan 2
8 2
xy
m
x y
a
I
I I
a a

| |
|
\ .
= =

8
0.84883
3
= =
Then 2 40.326 and 220.326
m
=
or 20.2 and 110.2
m
=
Also, Equation (9.27):
2
2
max, min
2 2
x y x y
xy
I I I I
I I
+ | |
= +
|
\ .


4 4
1
2 8 2
a a
| |
= +
|
\ .


2
2
4 4 4
1 1
2 8 2 2
a a a
(
| | |
+
| (
\ \ .


( )
4
0.981748 0.772644 a =
4
max
or 1.754 I a =
4
min
and 0.209 I a =
By inspection, the a axis corresponds to I
min
and the b axis corresponds to
I
max
.








PROBLEM 9.86
For the area indicated, determine the orientation of the principal axes at
the origin and the corresponding values of the moments of inertia.
Area of Problem 9.72

SOLUTION
From the solutions to Problem 9.72 and 9.80
( )
4 4
1
501.1875 in 2812.21875 in
2
xy x y
I I I = + =
( )
4
1
1946.53125 in
2
x y
I I =
Then Equation (9.25):
2
501.1875
tan 2 0.257477
1946.53125
xy
m
x y
I
I I
= = =


or 2 14.4387 and 194.4387
m
=
or 7.22 and 97.2
m
=
Equation (9.27):
2
2
max, min
2 2
x y x y
xy
I I I I
I I
| | +
= + |
|
\ .

( ) ( )
2 2
2812.21875 1946.53125 501.1875 = +
( )
4
2812.21875 2010.0181 in =
3 4
max
or 4.82 10 in I =
4
min
and 802 in I =

By inspection, the a axis corresponds to
min
I and the b axis corresponds to
max
. I







PROBLEM 9.87
For the area indicated, determine the orientation of the principal axes at
the origin and the corresponding values of the moments of inertia.
Area of Problem 9.73

SOLUTION
From Problems 9.73 and 9.81
6 4
51.84 10 mm
x
I =

6 4
103.68 10 mm
y
I =

6 4
138.24 10 mm
xy
I =
Equation (9.25):
( )
6
6 6
2 138.24 10
2
tan 2
51.84 10 103.68 10
xy
m
x y
I
I I

= =


1.69765 =
2 59.500 and 239.500
m
=
or 29.7 and 119.7
m
=
Then
( )
2
2
max, min
1
2 2
x y
x y xy
I I
I I I I
| |
= + + |
|
\ .


( ) ( )
( )
2
6 6
2
6
51.84 103.68 10 51.84 103.68 10
138.24 10
2 2

(
+
= + (
(


( )
6 4
244.29 160.44 10 mm =

6 4
max
or 405 10 mm I =

6 4
min
and 83.9 10 mm I =
Note: By inspection the a axis corresponds to
min
I and the b axis corresponds to
max
. I







PROBLEM 9.88
For the area indicated, determine the orientation of the principal axes at
the origin and the corresponding values of the moments of inertia.
Area of Problem 9.75

SOLUTION
From Problems 9.75 and 9.82

6 4
0.70134 10 mm
x
I =
6 4
7.728 10 mm
y
I =
6 4
1.5732 10 mm
xy
I =
Then
( )
6 4
1
4.2147 10 mm
2
x y
I I + =
( )
6 4
1
3.5133 10 mm
2
x y
I I =
Equation (9.25):
( )
6
6 6
2 1.5732 10
2
tan 2
0.70134 10 7.728 10
xy
x y
I
I I

= =


0.44778 =
Then 2 24.12 and 204.12
m
=
or 12.06 and 102.1
m
=
Also, Equation (9.27):
2
2
max, min
2 2
x y x y
xy
I I I I
I I
| | +
= |
|
\ .


( ) ( )
2 2
6 6 6
4.2147 10 3.5133 10 1.5732 10 = +
( )
6 4
4.2147 3.8494 10 mm =
6 4
max
or 8.06 10 mm I =

6 4
min
and 0.365 10 mm I =
By inspection, the a axis corresponds to
min
I and the b axis corresponds to
max
. I








PROBLEM 9.89
For the angle cross section indicated, determine the orientation of the
principal axes at the origin and the corresponding values of the moments
of inertia.
The L76 51 6.4-mm angle cross section of Problem 9.74

SOLUTION
From Problems 9.74 and 9.83

6 4
0.166 10 mm
x
I =

6 4
0.453 10 mm
y
I =
6 4
0.1596 10 mm
xy
I =
Then
( )
6 4
1
0.3095 10 mm
2
x y
I I + =
( )
6 4
1
0.1435 10 mm
2
x y
I I =
Equation (9.25):
( )
( )
6
6
2 0.1596 10
2
tan 2 1.1122
0.166 0.453 10
xy
m
x y
I
I I

= = =


Then 2 48.041 and 131.96
m
=
or 24.0 and 66.0
m
=
Also, Equation (9.27):
( )
2
2
max, min
2 2
x y
x y
xy
I I
I I
I I
+ | |
= + |
|
\ .


( ) ( )
2 2
6 6 6
0.3095 10 0.1435 10 0.1596 10 = +
( )
6 4
0.3095 0.21463 10 mm =
or
6 4
max
0.524 10 mm I =

6 4
min
0.0949 10 mm I =
By inspection, the a axis corresponds to
min
I and the b axis corresponds to
max
. I







PROBLEM 9.90
For the angle cross section indicated, determine the orientation of the
principal axes at the origin and the corresponding values of the moments
of inertia.
The
1
L5 3 -in.
2
angle cross section of Problem 9.78

SOLUTION
From Problems 9.78 and 9.84

4
2.81 in
xy
I =
4
9.45 in
x
I =
4
2.58 in
y
I =
Then
( )
4
1
6.015 in
2
x y
I I + =
( )
4
1
3.435 in
2
x y
I I =
Equation (9.25):
( )
2 2 2.81
tan 2 0.8180
9.45 2.58
xy
m
x y
I
I I
= = =


Then 2 39.2849 and 140.7151
m
=
or 19.64 and 70.36
m
=
Also, Equation (9.27):
( )
2
2
max, min
2 2
x y
x y
xy
I I
I I
I I
+ | |
= + |
|
\ .


2 2
6.015 3.435 2.81 =
( )
4
6.015 4.438 in =
4
max
or 10.45 in I =

4
min
and 1.577 in I =
Note: By inspection, the a axis corresponds to
max
I and the b axis corresponds to
min
. I