PROBLEM 9.

101
Using Mohrs circle, determine for the area indicated the orientation of
the principal centroidal axes and the corresponding values of the
moments of inertia.
Area of Problem 9.74

SOLUTION

From Problems 9.74 and 9.83
6 4 6 4 6 4
0.166 10 mm , 0.453 10 mm , 0.1596 10 mm
x y xy
I I I = = =
Define points ( ) ( )
6 4 6 4
0.166, 0.1596 10 mm and 0.453, 0.1596 10 mm X Y
Now
( ) ( )
6 4
ave
1 1
0.166 0.453 10 mm
2 2
x y
I I I = + = +

6 4
0.3095 10 mm =
and
( )
( )
2 2
6
2
2 6
0.166 0.453 10
0.1596 10
2 2
x y
xy
I I
R I
( | |
= + = + | (
|
(
\ .


6 4
0.21463 10 mm =
Also
( )
1 1
2 2 0.1596
2 tan tan 48.04
0.166 0.453
xy
m
x y
I
I I

| |
(
= = = |
(
|


\ .

24.02
m
=
or 24.0 clockwise =
Then ( )
6 4
max, min ave
0.3095 0.21463 10 mm I I R = =

6 4
max
or 0.524 10 mm I =

6 4
min
and 0.0949 10 mm I =
Note: From the Mohrs circle it is seen that the a axis corresponds to
min
I and the b axis corresponds to
max
. I






PROBLEM 9.102
Using Mohrs circle, determine for the area indicated the orientation of
the principal centroidal axes and the corresponding values of the
moments of inertia.
Area of Problem 9.75

SOLUTION

From Problems 9.75 and 9.82
6 4 6 4 6 4
0.70134 10 mm , 7.728 10 mm , 1.5732 10 mm
x y xy
I I I = = =
Now
( ) ( )
6 4 6 4
ave
1 1
0.70134 7.728 10 mm 4.2147 10 mm
2 2
x y
I I I = + = + =
and
( )
( )
2 2
6
2
2 6
0.70134 7.728 10
1.5732 10
2 2
x y
xy
I I
R I
( | |
= + = + | (
|
(
\ .


6 4
3.8495 10 mm =
Define points ( )
6
0.70134, 15732 10 mm X
( )
6
7.728, 1.5732 10 mm Y
Also
( )
1
2 1.5732
2 tan 24.122 , 12.06
0.70134 7.728
m m

(
= = =
(

or 12.06 counterclockwise
m
=
Then ( )
6 4
max, min ave
4.2147 3.8495 10 mm I I R = =
6 4
max
or 8.06 10 mm I =

6 4
min
and 0.365 10 mm I =
Note: From the Mohrs circle it is seen that the a axis corresponds to
min
I and the b axis corresponds to
max
. I







PROBLEM 9.103
Using Mohrs circle, determine for the area indicated the orientation of
the principal centroidal axes and the corresponding values of the
moments of inertia.
Area of Problem 9.71

SOLUTION

From Problem 9.71
4
11.0 in
xy
I =
Compute
x
I and
y
I for area of Problem 9.71
( ) ( )( )
( )( )
3 3
2
5 in. 0.5 in. 0.5 in. 4 in.
2 4 in. 0.5 in. 1.0 in.
12 12
x
I
(

( = + +
(



4
9.38542 in =
( ) ( )
( )( )
( )
3 3
2
0.5 in. 4 in. 0.5 in. 5 in.
2 4 in. 0.5 in. 2.75 in.
12 12
y
I
(

( = + +
(



4
35.54167 in =
Define points ( ) ( ) 9.38542, 11 , and 35.54167, 11 X Y
Now
4 4
4
ave
9.38542 in 35.54167 in
22.46354 in
2 2
x y
I I
I
+
+
= = =
and
( )
( )
2
2
2
2 9.38542 35.54167
11.0
2 2
x y
xy
I I
R I
| |
| |
= + = + |
|
|
\ .
\ .


4
17.08910 in =
Also
( )
1
2 11.0
2 tan 40.067
9.38542 35.54167
m

(
= =
(

or 20.033 clockwise
m
=
Then
max, min ave
22.46354 17.08910 I I R = =
39.55264, 5.37444 =
4
max
or 39.55 in I =
4
min
5.37 in I =
Note: The a axis corresponds to
min
I and b axis corresponds to
max
. I






PROBLEM 9.104
Using Mohrs circle, determine for the area indicated the orientation of
the principal centroidal axes and the corresponding values of the
moments of inertia.
Area of Problem 9.77

SOLUTION

From Problems 9.44 and 9.77
6 4 6 4 6 4
432.59 10 mm , 732.97 10 mm , 261.63 10 mm
x y xy
I I I = = =
Define points ( )
6 4
432.59, 261.63 10 mm X
( )
6 4
732.97, 261.63 10 mm Y
Now
( ) ( )
6 6 4
ave
1 1
432.59 732.97 10 582.78 10 mm
2 2
x y
I I I = + = + =
and
( )
2
2
2
2 6 6
1 432.59 732.97
10 261.63 10
2 2 2
x y
xy
I I
R I
| |
| |
= + = + |
|
|
\ .
\ .


6 4
301.67 10 mm =
Also
( )
( )
6
6
2 2 261.63 10
tan 2 60.14
432.59 732.97 10
xy
m
x y
I
I I

= = =


or 30.1 clockwise
m
=
Then ( )
6 4
max, min ave
582.78 301.67 10 mm I I R = =
or
6 4
max
884 10 mm I =
and
6 4
min
281 10 mm I =
Note: From the Mohrs circle it is seen that the a axis corresponds to
min
I and the b axis corresponds to
max
. I







PROBLEM 9.105
The moments and product of inertia for an L102 76 6.4-mm angle
cross section with respect to two rectangular axes x and y through C are,
respectively,
6 4
0.166 10 mm
x
I = ,
6 4
0.453 10 mm
y
I = , and
0
xy
I < , with the minimum value of the moment of inertia of the area
with respect to any axis through C being
6 4
min
0.051 10 mm I = . Using
Mohrs circle, determine (a) the product of inertia
xy
I of the area, (b) the
orientation of the principal axes, (c) the value of
max
I .

SOLUTION

Given:
6 4 6 4
0.166 10 mm , 0.453 10 mm and 0
x y xy
I I I = = <
Note: A review of a table of rolled-steel shapes reveals that the given values of
x
I and
y
I are obtained when
the 102 mm leg of the angle is parallel to the x axis. For 0
xy
I < the angle must be oriented as shown.
(a) Now
( ) ( )
6 4
ave
1 1
0.166 0.453 10 mm
2 2
x y
I I I = + = +

6 4
0.3095 10 mm =
Now
min ave ave min
or I I R R I I = =
Then ( )
6 4
0.3095 0.051 10 mm R =

6 4
0.2585 10 mm =
From
( )
2
2
2
2
x y
xy
I I
R I
| |
= + |
|
\ .

( )
2
2
6 4
0.166 0.453
0.2585 10 mm
2
xy
I
(
| |
= (
|
\ . (


6 4
0.21501 10 mm
xy
I =
Since
6 4
0, 0.21501 10 mm
xy xy
I I < =
6 4
or 0.215 10 mm
xy
I =


PROBLEM 9.105 CONTINUED
(b)
( )
1
2 0.21501
2 tan 56.28
0.166 0.453
m

(
= =
(

or 28.1 clockwise
m
=
(c) ( )
6 4
max ave
0.3095 0.2585 10 mm I I R = + = +
6 4
max
or 0.568 10 mm I =





PROBLEM 9.106
Using Mohrs circle, determine for the cross section of the rolled-steel
angle shown the orientation of the principal centroidal axes and the
corresponding values of the moments of inertia. (Properties of the cross
sections are given in Fig. 9.13.)

SOLUTION



From Figure 9.13
4
9.45 in
x
I =

4
2.58 in
y
I =
From Problem 9.78
4
2.81 in
xy
I =
The Mohrs circle is defined by the diameter XY where
( )
4
9.45, 2.81 in X
( )
4
2.58, 2.81 in Y
Now
( ) ( )
4 4
ave
1 1
9.45 in 2.58 in
2 2
x y
I I I = + = +

4
6.015 in =
and
( )
2
2
1
2
x y xy
R I I I
(
= +
(



( ) ( )
2 2
4 4 4
1
9.45 in 2.58 in 2.81 in
2
= +

4
5.612 in =
( )
4
4 4
2 2.81 in
2
tan 2 0.81805
9.45 in 2.58 in
xy
m
x y
I
I I

= = =


or 2 32.285
m
=
or 19.643 counterclockwise
m
=
About C.
Now ( )
4
max, min ave
6.015 5.612 in I I R = =
4
max
or 11.63 in I =
4
min
and 0.403 in I =
From the Mohrs circle it is seen that the a axis corresponds to
max
I and
the b axis corresponds to
min
. I






PROBLEM 9.107
Using Mohrs circle, determine for the cross section of the rolled-steel
angle shown the orientation of the principal centroidal axes and the
corresponding values of the moments of inertia. (Properties of the cross
sections are given in Fig. 9.13.)

SOLUTION

From Figure 9.13B:
6 4 6 4
7.20 10 mm , 2.64 10 mm
x y
I I = =
Have
( ) ( )
1 2
, where and 0
xy xy xy xy x y x y
I I I I I x yA I

= + = + =
Now
1 1
102 12.7
25.3 25.7 mm, 50.3 43.95 mm
2 2
x y = = = =
2
1
102 12.7 1295.4 mm A = =
( ) ( )
2 2
12.7 1
25.3 18.95 mm 152 12.7 50.3 12.7 32.05 mm
2 2
x y
(
= = = =
(


( )( )
2
2
12.7 152 12.7 1769.11 mm A = =
Then ( )( )
( )
( )( )
( )
{ }
2 2 6
25.7 mm 43.95 mm 1295.4 mm 18.95 mm 32.05 mm 1769.11 mm 10
xy
I
( (
= +


( )
6 4 6 4
1.46317 1.07446 10 mm 2.5376 10 mm = + =
The Mohrs circle is defined by points X and Y, where
( ) ( )
, , ,
x xy y xy
X I I Y I I
Now
( ) ( )
6 4 6 4
ave
1 1
7.20 2.64 10 mm 4.92 10 mm
2 2
x y
I I I = + = + =


PROBLEM 9.107 CONTINUED
and ( )
2
2 2 6 4
1
7.20 2.64 2.5376 10 mm
2 2
x y
xy
I I
R I
| | (
= + = + | (
|
(
\ .


6 4
3.4114 10 mm =
( )
( )
2 2 2.5376
tan 1.11298, 2 48.0607
7.20 2.64
xy
m
x y
I
I I
= = = =


or 24.0 clockwise =
Now ( )
6 4
max, min ave
4.92 3.4114 10 mm I I R = =
or
6 4
max
8.33 10 mm I =
and
6 4
min
1.509 10 mm I =

Note: From the Mohrs circle it is seen that the a axis corresponds to
max
I and the b axis corresponds to
min
. I






PROBLEM 9.108
For a given area the moments of inertia with respect to two rectangular
centroidal x and y axes are
x
I = 640
4
in and
y
I = 280
4
in , respectively.
Knowing that after rotating the x and y axes about the centroid 60
clockwise the product of inertia relative to the rotated axes is 180
4
in ,
use Mohrs circle to determine (a) the orientation of the principal axes,
(b) the centroidal principal moments of inertia.

SOLUTION
Have
( ) ( )
4 4 4
ave
1 1
640 in 280 in 460 in
2 2
x y
I I I = + = + =
( ) ( )
4 4 4
1 1
640 in 280 in 180 in
2 2
x y
I I = =
Also have
4
180 in , 2 120 ,
x y x y
I I I

= = >
Letting the points
( ) ( )
, and ,
x xy x x y
I I I I

be denoted by an , X X respectively, three possible Mohrs
circles can be constructed

Assume the first case applies
Then
4
cos 2 or cos 2 180 in
2
x y
m m
I I
R R

= =
Also
4
cos or cos 180 in
x y
I R R

= =
2
m
=
Also have ( ) 120 2 90 or 2 30
m m
= + =
( ) 2 and 2 2 30 or 2 15
m m m
= = = =
Note
2 0
implies case 2 applies
0
m

>
`
<
)



PROBLEM 9.108 CONTINUED
(a) Therefore, 7.5 clockwise
m
=

(b) Have
4
cos15 180 or 186.35 in R R = =
Then
max, min ave
460 186.350 I I R = =
or
4
max
646 in I =
and
4
min
274 in I =
Note: From the Mohrs circle it is seen that the a axis corresponds to
max
I and the b axis corresponds to
min
. I






PROBLEM 9.109
It is known that for a given area
4
300 in
y
I = and
4
125 in
xy
I = ,
where the x and y axes are rectangular centroidal axes. If the axis
corresponding to the maximum product of inertia is obtained by rotating
the x axis
o
67.5 counterclockwise about C, use Mohrs circle to
determine (a) the moment of inertia
x
I of the area, (b) the principal
centroidal moments of inertia.

SOLUTION

First assume
x y
I I >
(Note: Assuming
x y
I I < is not consistent with the requirement that the axis corresponding to the
( )
max
xy
I is
obtained by rotating the x axis through 67.5 counterclockwise)
From Mohrs circle have ( ) 2 2 67.5 90 45
m
= =
(a) From
2
tan 2
xy
m
x y
I
I I
=

Have
4
4 4
125 in
2 300 in 2 550 in
tan 2 tan 45
xy
x y
m
I
I I

= + = + =

4
or 550 in
x
I =
(b) Now
( )
4 4
ave
1 550 300
in 425 in
2 2
x y
I I I
+
= + = =
and
4
4
125 in
176.78 in
sin 2 sin 45
xy
m
I
R

= = =

Then
( )
( )
4
max, min ave
4
425 176.76 in
601.78, 248.22 in
I I R = =
=


4
max
or 602 in I =

4
min
and 248 in I =







PROBLEM 9.110
Using Mohrs circle, show that for any regular polygon (such as a
pentagon) (a) the moment of inertia with respect to every axis through the
centroid is the same, (b) the product of inertia with respect to every pair
of rectangular axes through the centroid is zero.

SOLUTION




Consider the regular pentagon shown, with centroidal axes x and y.
Because the y axis is an axis of symmetry, it follows that 0.
xy
I = Since
0,
xy
I = the x and y axes must be principal axes. Assuming
max min
and ,
x y
I I I I = = the Mohrs circle is then drawn as shown.
Now rotate the coordinate axes through an angle as shown; the
resulting moments of inertia,
x
I

and ,
y
I

and product of inertia, ,
x y
I

are
indicated on the Mohrs circle. However, the x axis is an axis of
symmetry, which implies 0.
x y
I

= For this to be possible on the Mohrs
circle, the radius R must be equal to zero (thus, the circle degenerates into
a point). With 0, R = it immediately follows that
(a)
ave x y x y
I I I I I

= = = = (for all moments of
inertia with respect to an axis through C)
(b) 0
xy x y
I I

= = (for all products of inertia with respect to
all pairs of rectangular axes with origin at C)