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2. The Articles
There are two kin s! "asically# The efinite article# the The in efinite article# a! an The definite article The noun om which means man will recei$e %ul at the en &m'''''''''&mul (an''''''''The man
There are also neuter ,en ers! they are use for o"-ects mostly .$ion'''''''''.$ionul The indefinite article (asculine /n & *eminine Neuter .irplane''''''The airplane
/n or &
How o you tell if a noun is neuter0 1y countin,' /n a$ion! ou2 a$ioane % the sin,ular is masculine "ut the plural is feminine' 1y com"inin, the two! you neutrali3e the effect'
3. The verbs
To be - A fi
Eu sunt Tu e4ti
Ea este or e Ei sunt
4. The Demonstrative Pronoun (asculine *eminine .cesta .cela .ce4tia .ceia .ceasta .ceea .cestea .celea That These Those
Salut! ce mai faci0 Hi! how are you0 Eu sunt (ichael 6e un e e4ti0 6in 7om8nia Sunt rom8n 9i ce0 :unosc ora4ul :e este aceasta0 :e 9i ;n &ra4 6in What .n In :ity(neuter) *rom I am (ichael or you can say Sunt (ichael Where are you from0 *rom 7omania I am 7omanian So what0 I know the city What is this0
6e un e Where from
Nationalities
There are two forms: the feminine and the masculine.
Grammar
1. The possessive pronoun
There are two genders that apply here: feminine and masculine, depending on the object you are talking about. Here, there is one object and one person.
t!s e"actly like the pronoun, only you lose the a, al and ale. #opilul meu..........My child. #opilul e al meu ....The child is mine. #asa ta e frumoas$...%our house is beautiful.
This time we!ll learn the accusati&e forms. These are stressed and unstressed forms: 'nstressed (tressed
m2 te 8l o ne $2
4. "erbs
,e will show you the &erb )a face) -To do. that we met in )how are you*), )ce mai faci*). /ac kinda sounds like fuck.
*ac *acem
00 )$) is the termination for turning adjecti&es into feminine. 00 To put a &erb to the negati&e form the rule is: N# $ "% A avea To have 2m 2i 2re 2&ei 2&em 2u
2s you can see this is an irregular &erb but it is &ery important because it allows you to make past sentences that you should know by this lesson. The verb to be in the Past Tense 2m fost 2i fost A fost Am fost Ai fost 2u fost was %ou were etc.
/ost is the past participle of the &erb )a fi). 04bser&e the differences between )a a&ea) and the au"iliary )a a&ea).
&.Plural of the noun The FEMININE nouns ha$e an >e> in their plural en in,s'
SG'
=?'
.rticulate :asele %le is the plural :amerele feminine article' *etele (the ,irls)
E@ceptions (ain2 (aini :ars *emeie *emei Women 1unic2 1unici Gran mothers The plural form must "e learne for each noun! "ecause it $aries' The MASCULINE nouns usually ,et an >i> ' SG' =?' .rticulate 12r"aii 12ieii
12r"at 12r"ai (en 12iat 12iei 1oys The NEUTER nouns SG' =?'
:eas :easuri Watches .uto"u3 .uto"u3e 1usses Tele$i3or Tele$i3oare TV sets :alculator :alculatoare =:+s
Vocabular
Familia (am2 (ame Tat2 Tai *iu *ii *iic2 *iice Nepot Nepoi 1unic 1unici 1unic2 1unici *rate *rai Sor2 Sore (other *ather Son 6au,hter Nephew Gran father Gran mother 1rother Sister
:ousin :ousin
Ca!a
1aie 12i 1uc2t2rie 1uc2t2rii (as2 (ese =at =aturi :8ine :8ini =isic2 =isici =apa,al =apa,ali
Adjective
Numere
/n moment & clip2 6oi ani Trei secun e =atru minute :inci ore ase 3ile apte s2pt2m8ni &pt luni Nou2 ecenii Bece secole
&ne moment ) ou2 momente(two moments) "ecause moment is neuter &ne moment )o is the feminine form of one Two years Three secon s *our minutes ((inut at s,') *i$e hours Si@ ays Se$en weeks Ei,ht months Nine eca es Ten centuries
"#Noun!$ Geniti%e
5et!s obser&e the transformations Masculine 67rbat.......67rbatului )u) is an additional &owel 67rba8i......67rba8ilor /eminine /emeie......./emeii /emei......../emeilor #as7.........#asei /at7........./etei 9ule /or masculine /or feminine sg. pl. sg. pl. noun : plural plural plural lui of the noun : lor of the noun : i of the noun : lor
2."erbs
To go is represented by two &erbs: 2 merge Merg Mergi Merge Mergem Merge8i Merg 2 se duce M$ Te (e 3e ;$ (e duc duci duce ducem duce8i duc
2 se duce literally means to carry oneself To become 2 de&eni <e&in <e&ii <e&ine <e&enim <e&eni8i <e&in Dialo' To speak 2 &orbi ;orbesc ;orbe=ti ;orbe=te ;orbim ;orbi8i ;orbesc
Salut! ce mai faci0 1ine! mersi or 1ine! mul5umesc (er,i la mare $ara aceasta0 Nu! eu mer, la munte 6a0 .scult2! tu $or"e4ti cu 7a u espre mine! m20 :e0 '''''''''''''' ?a re$e ere
Hi! how are you0 Goo ! thanks You ,oin, to the seasi e this summer0 No! I+m ,oin, to the mountain Yea0 ?isten! are you talkin, with 7a u a"out me! huh0 What0 He ,ot "eaten "a ly 1ye
4k, this is the kind of dialogs that you can see on tele&ision, so you should ha&e some 9omanian T; to listen to how we pronounce things etc.
"ocabular
Profesii
=rofesie =rofesii =rofesor =rofesori =rofesoar2 =rofesoare .$ocat!2 .$oca5i 6octor 6octori 6octori52 6octori5e
Anotimpuri
.notimp .notimpuri Season =rim2$ar2 =rom2$eri Sprin, Var2 Veri Toamn2 Toamne Iarn2 Ierni
(ocuri
7om<nia 7omania ):apitala 7om<niei e 1ucure4ti .n,lia *ran5a Daponia En,lan *rance Dapan
.merica /S.
Adjective
:ol
'nstressed
(tressed
+mi
Mie
+i +i +i ne &+ le
<ac+ +mi dai 1??? de lei, ie +ti dau 1???? +napoi. f you gi&e me 1??? lei , !ll gi&e you 1???? back.
<ac$ 2 da +napoi
f To gi&e 6ack
2cum-a.
3ow
5osing the + from the dati&e form of the pronoun is common when trying to say you!re warm for e"ample.
2."erbs
To like
and so on.. 9'51 : <2T ;1 P9434'3 : P52#1 +mi place, e bun$ m+ncarea ta. 01 bun$ is in front to emphasi@e the idea. like it, your food is good. 2 putea #an 2 &rea ;reau ;rei ;rea ;rem ;rei ;or To want
;reau s+ fiu cel mai puternic din ara astaAA want to be the most powerful man in this countryAA #el mai : 2djecti& means The most : adjecti&e ($ fiu To be 2 da <au <ai <* <*m <ai <au 2 crede c* #red #re@i #rede #redem #redei #red To think that, To belie&e
#red c* e*ti un idiot. think you!re an idiot 0c* is mandatory in the sentence
These are the popular forms of the demonstrati&e pronoun Masculine /eminine 1nglish meaning *sta 2sta This *la 2ia That **tia *stea These *ia *lea Those
"ocabular-
Money 6*nci 5ei M*nc*ruri 6ank 5eu or literally,lion ,the national coin /ood
M*ncare
&u &u0 =0ine =0ini ?apte ''''' /nt /nturi Sare S0ruri =iper
:afea :afele :offee i,ar0 i,0ri Te iu"esc (0 ,8n esc la tine mereu Vreau s0 facem ra,oste Iu"irea mea nu are mar,ini Vrei s0 fii soia mea0 1a a! tu! so00 :i,arette I lo$e you I think of you all the time I want (us) to make lo$e (y lo$e is en less Will you marry me0 Yea ri,ht! you! as a hus"an 0 6ro, 6ro,uri 6ru,
6u%te m0! c0 $or"e0ti numai prostii Get out of here! you+re talkin, nonsense
2djecti&es #ulori M 9o*u Balben #olours / 9o*ie Balben* M pl / pl 9o*ii Balbene 9ed %ellow 6lue
Balbeni
&racticin'
1.6un7 @iuaDsearaDdiminea8a E.(alut C.(er&us (ear7 <iminea87 1&ening Morning
Hi Hi
:um te nume4ti0 Numele meu este Ser,iu (E numesc Ser,iu :<5i ani ai0 .m @ ani Sunt stu ent :e lim"i $or"e4ti0 En,le3E 4i pu5in rom<ne4te 6e ce Fn$e5i rom<na0 Nu 4tiu (ul5umesc mult pentru a-utor
What+s your name0 (y name+s Ser,iu (y name+s Ser,iu How ol are you0 I+m @ years ol I+m a stu ent What lan,ua,es o you speak0 En,lish an a little romanian Why are you learnin, romanian0 I on+t know Thanks a lot for your help
=entru cE oresc sE Fn$E5 o nouE lim"E 1ecause I want to learn a new lan,ua,e'
There are F groups of &erbs,&erbs that ha&e different a a a a cGnta -to sing., a b$ga-to insert., a lucra -to work. p$rea -to seem., a t$cea -to shut up. face -to do., a trage -to shoot., a scoate -to pull out. omorH -to kill., a porni-to start., a m$ri- to increase. .
-Brupa
. ansa To ance
6anse( 6anse(i
6ans)m 6ansa*i
6ansea() 6ansea() . l2sa To let ?as ?a4i ?as2 ?2s2m ?2sa5i ?as2
.
-Brupa
-Brupa
03otice how the second and third group are identical 0The )u) from scriu is only an e"ception -Brupa ;.
:<5i ?im"2 ?im"i 6e ce . 4ti =entru c2 . ori Nou!2 Noi Vechi Veche (ult!2 (ul5i (ulte =u5in!2 =u5ini =u5ine
How many ?an,ua,e Why To know 1ecause To esire New &l &l (feminine) (uch ?ittle
&ractice
4 cuno=ti pe Paula*
,hat!s J plus C*
2.T./ N#3/4A(
11 unspre@ece 1E doispre@ece 1C treispre@ece 1F paispre@ece 1J cincispre@ece 1K =aispre@ece 1L =aptespre@ece 1M optspre@ece 1N nou$spre@ece E? dou$@eci C? trei@eci F? patru@eci J? cinci@eci K? =ai@eci L? =apte@eci M? opt@eci N? nou$@eci
1?? o sut$ E?? dou$ sute C?? trei sute ............. 1??? o mie E??? dou$ mii .............
E fain2 ,a,ica(chick) :e 3ici0 :<t e ceasul0 E prea t<r3iuG e$reme El e prietenul lui 1ush
4#(/ 5' : 32M1 O 5ui Michael
The chick+s fine What o you say0 What time is it0 It+s too lateGearly He+s 1ush+s frien
M$ cheam$ (iegfried -Pe tine.cum te cheam$* cum a se chema Mersi de ajutor 1nglish>9omanian <ictionary
Vreau s2 mer, la cinema .4 $rea s2 cump2r ni4te tricouri .3i tre"uie s2 mer,em la =aris Nu are $reme pentru c2 tre"uie s2 F4i fac2 temele :2l2toresc Fn Europa eoarece sunt Fn conce iu Nu mi%e foame! ar a4 $rea s2 m2n<nc o pr2-itur2 .3i tre"uie s2 Fn$25 pentru e@amen
I want to ,o to the cinema To ay I+ like to "uy some T%shirts We ha$e to ,o to =aris to ay He oesn+t ha$e time "ecause he has to o his homework I+m tra$elin, in Europe "ecause I+m in $acacion I+m not hun,ry "ut I+ like to eat a cookie To ay I ha$e to stu y for the e@am
3.T./ 1#%+!N0T 2 3!D/ (P : #43Q'3#T ;1 ;196 #onjuncti&e of to be ($ ($ ($ ($ ($ ($ 4#(/ The conjuncti&e form is almost identical to the present form The third person entirely changes. ;rea s$ mearg$ s$ cumpere s$ fac$ He wants to go to buy to do fiu fii fie fim fi8i fie #onjuncti&e of to ha&e ($ ($ ($ ($ ($ ($ am ai aib$ a&em a&e8i aib$
4.T./ 0!ND T !NA( 3!D/ 2= 2i 2r 2m 28i 2r 2i mGnca asta &."ocabular%ou would eat that.
3/ 3T ;1 ;196
Famil
5uni =i mar8i, s7pt7mGna urm7toare, am e"amen, a=a c7 nu pot s7 mai fac e"erci8ii la limba romGn7. 2m foarte multe lucruri de Hn&78at. Putem s7 continu7m miercuri*
ha&e an e"am, ne"t week, on Monday and Tuesday, so 9omanian e"ercises. ,ednesday*
1.5ilele s6pt6m7nii
a continua to continue
e@erci5iu lim"a
e@ercise lan,ua,e
(alutA M>am Hntors 5ocuiesc cu familia mea la ora=. (unt F persoane Hn familia mea, tata, mama, fratele =i eu. In fiecare @i m$ duc la facultate cu ma=ina. #Gteodat$ conduc eu, cGteodat$ tat$l meu.1l lucrea@$ Hn apropiere. /acultatea mea este este aproape de biroul tat$lui meu. (eara, mergem Hmpreun$ acas$. Mama mea ne g$te=te cina. MGncarea ei este delicioas$. 'nchiul meu, on,=i so8ia lui-m$tu=a mea, fire=te.ne &i@itea@$ des familia. 'nchiul meu e fratele mamei mele. 1l =i m$tu=a sunt foarte dr$gu8i. Imi plac foarte mult. 3e aduc mie =i surorii mele cadouri, atunci cGnd &in la noi. 3e distr$m, de asemenea cu copiii lor. 1i au un b$iat =i o fat$. li&e with my family in the city. There are F people in my family, my mother, my father, my brother and . 1&eryday, go to the uni&ersity with my car. (ometimes dri&e, sometimes my father dri&es the car. He works close by. My uni&ersity is close to my father!s office. n the e&ening, we go home together. My mom cooks dinner for us. Her food is delicious. My uncle, Qohn, and his wife -my aunt of course. often &isit our family. My uncle is my mother!s brother. He and my aunt are &ery nice. like them &ery much. They bring me and my sister presents, when they come by. ,e also ha&e fun with their children. They ha&e a boy and a girl.
a se Fntoarce a locui persoan2 fiecare 3i facultate ma4in2 c<teo at2 a con uce a lucra aproape Fn apropiere eparte Fn ep2rtare "irou
to "e "ack to li$e (G IV see a $or"i) person e$ery ay uni$ersity car sometimes to ri$e to work close close "y far far "y office
Fmpreun2 r2,u5 a se istra copil e asemenea fire4te a $eni ca ou a ,2ti cin2 ,ust es rar
to,ether nice to ha$e fun ki also of course to come ,ift to cook inner taste often sel om
eliciosH,ustos tasty
Feelin'!
There are C ways to e"press different emotions Imi este caldDreceDfrig Mi>e cald Mi>i cald Mi>e r$uDgrea8$ 1 fericit #ui Hi este cald* !m warmDcold !m sick
The verb to believe #red c7 da #red c7 nu 3u cred think so don!t think so don!t think so
po$este e@plica5ie e
1.T./ PA1T PA4T 0 P(/ Brupe Brupe Brupe Brupe add a >t to infiniti&e replace >ea with >ut replace >e with >ut add a >t to the inf. e". e". e". e". a a a a suna &rea face &orbi >R >R >R >R sunat> called &rut> wanted f$cut> made &orbit> talked
2.T./ PA11 "/ 3!D/ 9ule: the &erb to be : past participle 3.T./ 2#T#4/ T/N1/1 These are basically two /ormal: ;oi ;ei ;a ;om ;e8i ;or nformal: 4 : (ubjuncti&e : infiniti&e form
;i $oi e@plica pro"lema I will e@plain the pro"lem & s2 Fi e@plice pro"lema He will e@plain the pro"lem
Sentence!
?a ce te ,<n e4ti0 ?a nimic! $ise3 oar :itesc "ine0 Nu! nu cite4ti "ine Se -oacE cu pisica 6u%te Fn camerE 4i%n$a5E El munce4te in ,reu
What are you thinkin, of0 Nothin,! -ust reamin,' .m I rea in, well0 No! you are not' He is playin, with the cat' Go in the room an stu y' He is workin, har '
Nu se o ihne4te e loc Sunt ocupat! lasE%mE Fn pace (E uc acasE Ne $e em m<ine a $isa a citi a se -uca ,reu a munci o,lin 2 a c<nta ,roa3nic to ream to rea to play har to work mirror to sin, awfull
He oesn+t rest at all' I+m "usy! lea$e me alone' I+m ,oin, home See you tommorow'
:<n5i ,roa3nic! se spar, o,lin3ile' You sin, awfull! the mirrors are "reakin,'
a se spar,e to "reak
*ume3i! nu%i a4a0 El Fn$a52 chine32!nu0 6oarme e mult timp Nu oarme! a murit 1ei lapte0 :e face5i $oi oi0 Scrie ni4te e@erci5ii
You smoke! on+t you0 He is stu yin, :hinese He is sleepin, for a lon, while He isn+t sleepin,! he+s ea 6o you rink milk0 What are you two oin,0 He+s writin, some e@ercises
Eu Fn schim"! m2 uit la tele$i3or I am watchin, TV! on the other han Hai s0 st2m puin e $or"8' ?et us ha$e a little chat Stau pe o "anc8! 8n parc I am sittin, on a "ench! in the park (%a at afar8 i mi%a spus s8 8mi iau 0i c8inele cu mine' She threw me out an tol me to take the o, with me too' Vreau s8 intru! s8 $8 ce se petrece' I want to ,o in to see what+s happenin,' ?ocuina mea are trei camere! o "uc8t8rie! o "aie 0i cam at8t (y flat has three rooms! a kitchen! a "athroom an that+s it' .0 $rea o sticl8 e "ere' I+ like a "eer E inter3is8 minorilor' (inors are not allowe Ia%i "oarfele e%acolo 0i pune%le frumos la locul lor Take those clothes an put them nicely where they "elon, 1ine! mi le iau &k! I+ll take them 6ac8 8i mai $8 faa aia pe%aici! m8 ener$e3' If I see that face of yours a,ain! I+ll ,et furious' E o ma0in8 8n faa casei' E a umitale0 There is a car in front of the house' Is it yours0 Sunt oi tineri 8n ea or Sunt oi tineri 8n8untru' 0i ce fac acolo0 Nu pot spune asta''' There are two youn, men insi e' .n what are they oin, there0 That I can+t say''' Glumele lui au mult ha3! nu0 His -okes are really funny! aren+t they0 6up8 p8rerea mea! nu au' In my opinion! no' Sunt multe c8ri "une 8n "i"lioteca lui' There are many ,oo "ooks in his li"rary' 8n fri,i er! sunt o mulime e stru,uri' There are many ,rapes in the fri ,e' Sunt multe ,re0 eli 8n e@erciiul f8cut e tine' There are many mistakes in the e@ercises you+$e ma e'